DoD Research & DevelopmentDoD Research & Development

Simulation, Training, Instrumentation, Gaming, Command & Control,

Collaboration,

Situational AwarenessJack Thorpe, Ph.D., Colonel (USAF, retired)

738 Rosecrans StSan Diego, CA 92106Cell: (619) 459-8517

jack@thorpe.net

How did I get here.......?

Service with Volunteers in Prevention (VIP) Service with Volunteers in Prevention (VIP) program, CAL FIREprogram, CAL FIRE

Research examining intersection of military Research examining intersection of military command with fire commandcommand with fire command

Funded as an independent consultant by the Defense Advanced Funded as an independent consultant by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), MIT Lincoln Laboratory, and the Research Projects Agency (DARPA), MIT Lincoln Laboratory, and the Institute for Defense Analysis (Washington, DC)Institute for Defense Analysis (Washington, DC)

FrontlineCommanders

Intelligent, motivatedhumans

Physics of fireAdversary

As training schedules allowDailyTempo of ops in“peacetime”

ExtremeExtremePhysical exertion, lack ofsleep

~18 months~25 yearsExperience as frontlinecommander

Chaos of 4th GenerationWarfare

Can walk it every dayFamiliarity with battlefield

Unpredictability of 4thGeneration Warfare

Well documentedHistory of battlefieldbehavior

Seconds toMinutes

Seconds toMinutes

Time to assess and decide

Fire Military

Also from the DoD Side

• Terrorist Threat = potential for very large incidents

• New missions = e.g., homeland defense

• Impact of information = plethora of sensors

• DoD R&D Budget: $10B++/year

• Analytical/Doctrinal Organizations: 20+ (20,000 people)

- RAND, MITRE, CNA, IDA, MIT-LL, SANDIA, Livermore, Los Alamos, .....

• Professional Military Education

- Intermediate command & staff (1 year)

- War colleges (1 year)

- Dozens of others......

How much of this technology, analysis, and CONOPS (concepts of operations) is applicable

to the all risk response community?

Networking

Instrumentation

Command & Control

Converging

CommonInformationTechnology

Infrastructure

DistributedDistributedSimulationSimulation

Command & Command & Control (C2)Control (C2)

SystemsSystems

AutomaticAutomaticVehicleVehicleLocationLocation

Real TimeReal TimeCapture ofCapture of

Live CombatLive Combat

Living DigitalLiving DigitalHistoriesHistories 4D planning (3D + time)4D planning (3D + time)

Interactive TrainingInteractive Training

Dynamic OpsDynamic Ops

Web 2.0 and Other Trends

Long Tail - able to reach broad spectrum of users

Data - The real value.....own the data!!!!

Architecture of participation - users add value

Perpetual beta - service is always being improved

“Cooperate, don’t control”

Browser - common interface - OS neutral

Net Effect - the more participants, the greater the value

Lower cost of development & fielding

Technology is getting cheaper.....easier to use...harder to make “proprietary”

But for maximum benefit, new technology must co-evolve with new concepts of operation

(CONOPS)

Small devices (resolution test) Small devices (resolution test)

Technology Examples

iPod TouchiPod TouchiPhoneiPhone

Rugged LaptopsRugged Laptops

Technology Examples

One Laptop Per Child - $200One Laptop Per Child - $200

Intelligent Pens & PaperIntelligent Pens & Paper

Technology Examples

www.Adapx.com

Mark on paperMark on paper

Dock penDock pen

Markings transfered Markings transfered to laptopto laptop

Delivery of Training & Educational Material and everything else.....FREE

Technology Examples

Works on PCs, Macs

It is Free!- Application- Subscription to

PodCasts

Delivery of Training & Educational Material and Delivery of Training & Educational Material and everything else else

Technology Examples

Delivery of Training & Educational Material and Delivery of Training & Educational Material and everything else else

Technology Examples

Delivery of Training & Educational Material and Delivery of Training & Educational Material and everything else else

Technology Examples

Knowledge generation & management Knowledge generation & management

Technology Examples

Command, Control, CollaborationCommand, Control, Collaboration

Fundamental Methods of human Fundamental Methods of human communication: communication: Speech, Gesture, Sketch

Technology Examples

2D mapPasteboardWork area

Work areas ofothers -Shared

3D mapAnimation Area

What you are thinking What others are thinking

Must co-evolve new concepts of operation along with new technologies

Dynamic C2 vs. static C2•Leave fixed, outdated PowerPoint charts for streaming presentation of current situation

Break command briefing cycles•Networks allow people to stay where they are needed

Move from linear, sequential, turn-taking voice comm to integrated, shared speech-gesture-sketch

Draft a Vision. Iterate. Simulate/game. Refine

DoD Lessons Learned

A Starting Vision:

Every response vehicle is a WIFI Internet node.......

References

“What is Web 2.0?” Paper by Tim O’Reilly

•www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/ tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html

Technology/Internet Trends - Mary Meeker, Morgan Stanley

•http://www.morganstanley.com/institutional/techresearch/

One Laptop Per Child

•http://laptop.org/

Digital Pen & Digital Paper

•Adapx: www.adapx.com

•FlyFusion Pentop Computer: www.flyworld.com

iTunes

•http://www.apple.com/itunes/overview/

Questions