Downtown Denver Commuter Survey 2013

511 16th Street, Suite 200, Denver, CO 80202 • 303-534-6161 • www.DowntownDenver.com

With support from

Downtown DenverPartnership, Inc.

RESEARCH DEPARTMENT

1

 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Two key objectives of the 2007 Downtown Area Plan are to reinforce Downtown Denver’s role as the Rocky Mountain region’s transportation hub and to expand and improve Downtown Denver’s transportation amenities. To this end, the Downtown Denver Partnership surveys employees working in Downtown Denver each fall to examine the commuting trends and habits of Downtown commuters.

This year, the Partnership received a record 4,485 valid responses to the 2013 Downtown Denver Commuter Survey. Transit and driving alone are the two most commonly used ways Downtown Denver commuters travel to work. When asked how they commuted to work on the day of the survey, 46% reported using transit, 38% drove alone, 5% carpooled, 5% biked, 4% walked and smaller numbers teleworked, vanpooled, or used a motorcycle, scooter or moped.

Survey respondents have an average one-way commute of 14 miles and a majority (54%) work in the Commercial Core neighborhood of Downtown Denver. Commuters traveling to Downtown Denver use transit more and drive alone less than the average American commuter. Almost 60% of Downtown Denver commuters reported receiving a fully or partially subsidized transit pass from their employers, which is the most highly valued benefit by Downtown Denver employees. The Downtown Denver Commuter Survey results also revealed the following key differences between groups of commuters:

Employer-provided transportation benefits, such as providing a parking spot or transit pass, have a significant effect on employees’ commuting habits. Employees who receive a parking benefit are more likely to drive to work and less likely to use transit than the commuting population as a whole.

Commuting habits change with employee age. Younger commuters have shorter commutes and are more likely to walk and bike to work. Transit use increases with age and driving alone peaks when commuters are in their 30s.

Males and females have different commuting habits. Male commuters are significantly more likely to bike to work, more likely to walk to work, and less likely to drive alone than female commuters.

Office location affects employees’ commuting choices. For example, those who work in the Cultural Core neighborhood are more likely to bike to work, while those who work in the Auraria neighborhood are less likely to bike to work (see page 13 for a map of Downtown Denver neighborhoods).

Commute length has a strong effect on the way commuters choose to travel to work. Unsurprising, those with the shortest commutes are more likely to walk or bike to work. Commuters who drive alone have a shorter commute than those who use transit, and commuters who vanpool have the longest commutes.

Weekend workers have dramatically different commuting patterns than weekday workers. Weekend workers are much more likely to walk, bike or drive alone and less likely to use transit.

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INTRODUCTION

Each fall, the Downtown Denver Partnership (the Partnership) surveys employees working in Downtown Denver to examine the commuting trends and habits of Downtown commuters. The Downtown Denver Commuter Survey measures a sample of the Downtown Denver employee population to analyze commuting patterns, explore the attractiveness of transportation benefits and determine how commuters currently travel to their Downtown offices. Understanding the commuting preferences, options and trends of Downtown employees plays a critical role in the management and planning of Downtown Denver.

In September and October 2013, the Partnership received 4,729 completed commuter surveys. Partnership researchers determined that 4,485 surveys met the criteria for a valid response. While the Downtown Denver Commuter Survey aims to be as objective, reliable and valid as possible, it is important to note that it is not a scientific survey. For a detailed description of Survey methodology, conditions during the time of the survey and survey limitations, please see Appendix A.

Executive Summary………………………………………………………………… 1

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 2

How Downtown Denver commuters travel to work…………………….……… 3

How Downtown Denver commuters compare to other commuters….……… 4

Use of alternative modes………………………………………………………… 4

Characteristics of survey respondents……………………….………………… 5

Access to employer-provided transportation benefits………………………… 6

In-depth Analysis……………………………………………………….…….…… 6

Impact of employer-provided transportation benefits……..……...…………… 7

Impact of Age and the Millennial generation…………….……..……………… 8

Impact of Gender………………………………………………....…….………… 9

Impact of Office location…………………………...…………………..………… 10

Impact of Commute length……………………………………..…………...…… 11

Weekend vs. weekday commutes……………………….……………………… 11

2012 vs. 2013 survey results……………………………………………………. 12

Conclusion…………………………………………………………..……………… 12

Appendix A……………………………………………………..…………………… 13

Methodology…………………..…………………………..…………………...….. 13

Conditions………………………..………………………………………….…….. 13

Limitations………………………..……………………………………….……….. 14

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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0.5%

1.5%

1.5%

3.7%

4.6%

5.4%

38.2%

44.6%

Vanpooled

Teleworked

Moped/scooter/motorcycle

Walked

Bicycled

Carpooled

Drove alone

Used transit

Mode used on day of surveyn=4464

How Downtown Denver commuters travel to work

The 2013 Downtown Denver Commuter Survey (the Survey) measures the mode commuters use to travel Downtown in three ways: how the respondent traveled to work the day they completed the survey, how the respondent travels to work most days, and how the respondent traveled to work every day in the previous week. In each measure, transit and driving alone were the most commonly used modes.

While each measure has its strengths and weaknesses and communicates different information about individuals’ commuting habits, the Partnership research team primarily uses the measurement of how the respondent traveled to work today for survey analysis. The research team feels this measure most accurately reflects commuting habits because it has a lower potential for self-report bias than asking commuters how they typically travel to work. Visit www.downtowndenver.com for full results of each mode measure.

Mode* split of downtown commuters Mode Today Most days Average all days Average M-F

Used transit 44.6% 48.3% 36.9% 44.4% Drove alone 38.2% 34.8% 40.6% 37.0% Carpooled 5.4% 5.3% 5.5% 5.5% Bicycled 4.6% 5.8% 6.0% 5.3% Walked 3.7% 3.9% 5.5% 3.7% Moped/scooter/motorcycle 1.5% 1.3% 1.9% 1.5% Teleworked 1.5% 0.2% 3.2% 2.2% Vanpooled 0.5% 0.5% 0.3% 0.4% n (sample size) 4464 4481 varies varies

note: does not include “did not work today” or blank responses

*the transportation method used by a commuter

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2.8%

0.6%

9.7%

76.3%

5.0%

2.4%

1.1%

9.1%

75.6%

4.4%

5.0%

2.9%

8.7%

68.6%

7.2%

3.7%

4.6%

5.4%

38.2%

44.6%

Walked

Bicycled

Carpooled

Drove alone

Used transit

Geographic mode split comparisonSources: 2013 Downtown Commuter Survey and

2012 U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates

Downtown Denver City of Denver Denver-Aurora-Broomfield Metro Area United States

How Downtown Denver commuters compare to other commuters

Commuters who work in Downtown Denver have different commuting habits than the population as a whole. Downtown Denver commuters reported significantly higher transit and biking use than those in the Cty of Denver, the Metro Area and the United States as a whole. Individuals who commute to Downtown Denver are nine times as likely to use transit, seven times as likely to bike and half as likely to drive to work as the average U.S. commuter. When comparing Downtown Denver commuting habits to City of Denver or Metro Area commuting habits, it is important to note that the Downtown Denver Commuter Survey measures commuting habits of individuals working in Downtown Denver, while Census data for other geographic areas measures the commuting habits of those living in a geographic area.

Use of alternative modes of transportation

Results of the Survey highlight the strong use of alternative modes by Downtown Denver employees, with only 38.2% of commuters driving alone to work. While these single-occupancy vehicles are certainly a significant portion of the Downtown Denver commuting population, the majority of commuters use modes other than driving alone. The 2007 Downtown Area Plan places a large focus on improving the transportation options to, from and within Downtown Denver to lessen the environmental and economic impacts of vehicular congestion.

Downtown Denver commuters are nine times as likely to use transit as the average

U.S. commuter

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1. 80211 (Highland) 2. 80203 (Capitol Hill/Uptown) 3. 80209 (Wash Park/Cherry Creek) 4. 80205 (Five Points/Whittier/Cole/Clayton) 5. 80210 (Wash Park/DU)

6. 80202 (Downtown Denver) 7. 80206 (Cherry Creek/City Park) 8. 80015 (Aurora) 9. 80127 (Littleton) 10. 80220 (Montclair)

Characteristics of survey respondents The average one-way commute for survey respondents was 13.95 miles, with 25% having a commute of 5 miles or less. Respondents commute to Downtown Denver from 157 different home zip codes. The top ten home zip codes of survey respondents were:

The majority of survey respondents work in the Commercial Core neighborhood, with the Central Platte Valley (CPV) Commons and Cultural Core neighborhoods also having significant representation. See page 13 for a map of Downtown Denver neighborhoods. Over 50% of survey respondents are between 30 and 50 years of age and 56% are female.

The Partnership compares the demographics of survey respondents to Census data to determine how closely survey respondents match the actual characteristics of the Downtown Denver employee population. While the age and industry of Survey respondents roughly match the age and industry of Downtown Denver employees, gender breakdown is significantly different between the two groups. 56% of Survey respondents are female, while 47% of all Downtown Denver employees are female. For further discussion about this gender discrepancy, see the limitations section on page 14.

Office location of survey respondents, n=4481

Neighborhood Percent

Arapahoe Square 0.0%

Auraria 7.1%

Commercial Core 53.8%

CPV Commons 14.4%

CPV Prospect 0.0%

Cultural Core 12.9%

Golden Triangle 2.8%

LoDo 9.0%

Ballpark 0.0%

3.8%

12.3%

14.5%

13.7%

12.6%

12.0%

11.7%

10.8%

6.2%

2.5%

0% 5% 10% 15%

Under 25

25 to 29

30 to 34

35 to 39

40 to 44

45 to 49

50 to 54

55 to 59

60 to 64

65 or older

Age of survey respondents

56%

47%44%

53%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Survey Respondents All Downtown Employees

Gender of survey respondents vs. Downtown Denver employee population

Female Male

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Access to and value of employer-provided transportation benefits

Employers often provide transportation benefits and services to employees. In the 2013 Commuter Survey, the Partnership asked employees which of the common transportation benefits they choose to receive from their employer, as well as which benefits their employer offers, because sometimes employees are able to choose which benefits they want to receive from their employer. The most commonly offered and utilized benefit is a transit pass. Almost 60% of Downtown Denver commuters receive a fully or partially subsidized transit pass from their employers, while 25% receive a fully or partially subsidized parking space.

The survey also asks respondents which employer-provided transportation benefits they value the most. Of the eight most common benefits measured, employees value four benefits highly and four benefits less highly. Sixty to seventy percent of respondents rated the benefits in the highly-valued group as very valuable, while only twenty-five or fewer percent of respondents rated benefits in the less-valuable group as very valuable.

4%

10%

41%

36%

77%

1%

3%

10%

25%

59%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Carshare Membership and/or Usage Fees

B-cycle Membership and/or Usage Fees

Secure Bicycle Parking

Parking Space

Transit Pass

Access to employer-provided transportation benefits

Employee RECEIVES from employer Employer PAYS FOR/OFFERS

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Carshare Membership & Usage Fees

Preferred Parking for Carpools or Vanpools

B-cycle Membership & Usage Fees

Secure Bicycle Parking

Parking Space

Telework Options

Flexible Work Hours

Transit Pass

Value of employer-provided transportation benefits

Very Valuable Somewhat Valuable Valuable Not Valuable or of Interest

Highly valued

benefits

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IMPACT OF EMPLOYER-PROVIDED TRANSPORTATION BENEFITS

Downtown Denver employers often provide their employees with transportation-related benefits such as parking, bike storage or a transit pass. Results of the Survey show that employees are more likely to use a certain transportation mode for their commute if their employer provides a related benefit.

If employees receive a subsidized transit pass from their

employer, they are almost 6 times more likely to use transit than employees who do not receive a transit pass from their employer.

If employees receive a subsidized transit pass from their

employer, they are 73% less likely to drive alone than employees who do not receive a transit pass from their employer.

If employees receive subsidized parking from their employer, they

are 220% more likely to drive alone to work than employees who do not receive a parking space from their employer.

If employees receive subsidized parking from their employer, they

are 87% less likely to use transit to commute to work than employees who do not receive a parking space from their employer.

The transit-related benefits an employee receives from their employer also has an effect on how that individual travels to Downtown Denver outside of their normal commute. Individuals who receive a transit pass from their employer are almost 40% more likely to use transit and slightly less likely to drive when traveling to Downtown Denver outside of their regular commute. Individuals who receive a parking space from their employer are almost 20% more likely to drive and over 50% less likely to take transit when traveling to Downtown Denver outside of their regular commute.

18%

67%68%

12%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Commuters who receive transitpass from employer

Commuters who DO NOTreceive transit pass from

employer

Impact of employer-provided transit pass

Drove alone Used transit

79%

25%

7%

57%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Commuters who receive parkingspace from employer

Commuters who DO NOTreceive parking space from

employer

Impact of employer-provided parking space

Drove alone Used transit

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IMPACT OF AGE

Commuter age has a strong effect on mode choice. Biking and walking, the most active transportation modes, decrease with age. Driving alone peaks when commuters are in their 30s and declines as commuters get older. Transit use increases with age.

Transportation habits of the Millennial generation

The Millennial generation is moving to Denver in record numbers. Research indicates that these 25-35 year olds are looking to live and work in walkable and bikeable communities and are owning fewer cars (Downtown Denver Partnership, 2012). Results from the commuter survey reflect these preferences.

The average commute for respondents under 30 is 10.3 miles, while the average commute for those over 30 is 14.6 miles.

Of those who have a commute of five or fewer miles, 63% are under 40. Commuters under 30 are over three times as likely to walk to work than commuters as a whole. Commuters under 30 are almost twice as likely to bike to work than commuters as a whole. Among males age 25-29, 15% bike to work. Twenty-five percent of commuters under 30 are either annual B-Cycle members or have used the system,

while only sixteen percent of commuters over 30 have used B-Cycle. When coming to Downtown Denver outside of their regular commute, respondents under 30 are over twice

as likely to bike or walk than respondents over 30.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Under 30 30-39 40-49 50-59 Over 60

Impact of age on commuting habits

Bicycled Walked Drove alone Used transit

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IMPACT OF GENDER

Results from the Downtown Denver Commuter Survey reveal that males and females have different commuting habits, which mirrors national trends. Both U.S. Census data and Commuter Survey data show that bike commuters have the biggest gender gap. In Downtown Denver, males are 167% more likely to bike to work than females, and in the U.S., males are 116% more likely to bike to work. Additionally, in Downtown Denver, males are also more likely to walk to work and females are more likely to drive alone. As discussed on pages 5 and 14 of this report, the survey respondents were more female than the true breakdown of Downtown Denver employees, potentially affecting survey results.

Interesting trends emerge when examining how mode choice changes with age among male and female commuters. Commuting by bike decreases with age in a similar pattern in both males and females, although females bike less than males. While both males and females drive alone most in their 30s, the increase among females in their 30s is larger than the increase for males. Transit use among females in their 30s drops dramatically, while transit use among males steadily increases with age. This trend aligns with national research showing that people drive the most during their 30s and 40s, prime child-rearing and career-building years (source: US PIRG, 2013).

Mode Female Male

Bicycled 3.1% 6.7%

Carpooled 5.6% 5.1%

Drove alone 40.3% 35.4%

Moped/scooter/motorcycle 1.3% 1.7%

Teleworked 1.8% 1.0%

Used transit 44.3% 45.1%

Vanpooled 0.4% 0.5%

Walked 3.1% 4.4%

0%

5%

10%

15%

Under 29 30-39 40-49 50-59 Over 60

Bike mode share by age and gender

Female Male

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

Under 29 30-39 40-49 50-59 Over 60

Drive alone mode share by age and gender

Female Male

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

55%

Under 29 30-39 40-49 50-59 Over 60

Transit mode share by age and gender

Female Male

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IMPACT OF OFFICE LOCATION

The Partnership used work addresses to determine the office neighborhood of each survey respondent according to the neighborhoods outlined in the 2007 Downtown Area Plan (see map on page 13). The majority (54%) of survey respondents work in the Commercial Core area. The commuting habits of Commercial Core employees were most representative of the Survey as a whole because workers in this neighborhood are such a large percentage of survey respondents. However, for Auraria, LoDo, Cultural Core and CPV Commons neighborhoods, the survey revealed interesting trends.

Auraria commuters are MORE LIKELY to carpool and drive alone, and LESS LIKELY to bike than commuters as a whole.

CPV Commons commuters are MORE LIKELY to bike and use transit, and LESS LIKELY to carpool and drive alone than commuters as a whole.

Cultural Core commuters are MORE LIKELY to bike, carpool and walk, and LESS LIKELY to use transit than commuters as a whole.

LoDo commuters are MORE LIKELY to bike, carpool, use transit and walk, and LESS LIKELY to drive alone than commuters as a whole.

Percent change between commuters in neighborhood and commuters as a whole

-60%

-30%

0%

30%

60% Auraria

-60%

-30%

0%

30%

60% CPV Commons

-60%

-30%

0%

30%

60% Cultural Core

-60%

-30%

0%

30%

60% LoDo

MORE LIKELY

LESS LIKELY

MORE LIKELY

LESS LIKELY

MORE LIKELY

LESS LIKELY

MORE LIKELY

LESS LIKELY

Bike Carpool Drive Alone

Use Transit

Walk Bike Carpool Drive Alone

Use Transit

Walk

Bike Carpool Drive Alone

Use Transit

Walk Bike Carpool Drive Alone

Use Transit

Walk

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IMPACT OF COMMUTE LENGTH

Unsurprisingly, commute length has an impact on mode choice. Commuters who walk have the shortest commute and commuters who vanpool have the longest commute. Also, those who drive alone have a shorter commute than those who use transit.

While the average one-way commute for respondents was 13.95 miles, 25% have a commute of 5 miles or less. Of these short distance commuters, 29% walk or bike to work. However, 33% still drive alone. Commuters with a commute under five miles are also less likely to use transit. Encouraging more biking, walking and transit use for short distance commutes can reduce the number of commuters who drive alone to work.

WEEKEND vs. WEEKDAY COMMUTERS

Commuting habits of weekday commuters are very different than commuting habits of weekend commuters. Weekend commuters are less likely to take transit and more likely to walk, bike and drive alone. In fact, weekend commuters are almost three times as likely to walk to work than weekday commuters.

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Moped/scooter/motorcycle

Walked

Bicycled

Carpooled

Drove alone

Used transit

Short distance commuters vs. all commuters

Commute under 5 miles

All commuters

Commute length by mode

Mode Ave. one-way commute

Walked 1.4 miles

Bicycled 4.7 miles

Moped/scooter/ motorcycle 8.5 miles

Drove alone 14.4 miles

Carpooled 14.6 miles

Used transit 15.2 miles

Teleworked 16.3 miles

Vanpooled 47.2 miles

Mode Weekday Weekend Percent Change

Used transit 44.4% 18.4% -59%

Drove alone 37.0% 49.5% 34%

Bicycled 5.3% 7.7% 45%

Walked 3.7% 10.0% 167%

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2012 vs. 2013

While the Downtown Denver Partnership has been conducting a commuter survey for seven years, changes in methodology have made it challenging to track commuter data year-over-year. However, in 2012, the Partnership solidified their methodology, making 2013 the first year researchers were able to accurately compare current year survey data to data from previous years. Survey results in 2012 were very similar to 2013, reinforcing the accuracy of this survey. The Partnership looks forward to tracking long-term changes in commuting habits through this survey in future years.

CONCLUSION AND NEXT STEPS

Lessons learned from the 2013 Downtown Denver Commuter Survey will inform the Downtown Denver Partnership’s efforts to implement the Downtown Area Plan and to support Downtown Denver businesses and employees. The Partnership will continue to advocate for policies, projects and programs outlined in the Downtown Area Plan, study commuting patterns, and educate employees and employers about commuting options.

The opening of Denver Union Station in 2014 will bring major changes to Downtown Denver commuters. Market Street Station will close on May 9th and buses will be re-routed to Union Station. A new Downtown Denver commuter shuttle, the Free MetroRide, will also begin operations in May. This shuttle will circulate commuters from Denver Union Station to Civic Center Station via 18th and 19th streets.

ABOUT THIS REPORT

The Downtown Denver Commuter Survey report is created by the Downtown Denver Research Department. Staff contributors and editors include: Emily Brett, Aylene McCallum, Aneka Patel, John Desmond and Jim Kirchheimer. Questions concerning the report, including requests to participate in the 2014 survey, should be directed to Emily Brett at ebrett@downtowndenver.com or 303-571-8216. The Partnership will provide customized reports to companies with significant participation in the 2014 Survey.

Unless otherwise noted, the source of the data in this report is the 2013 Downtown Denver Commuter Survey.

Mode used on day of survey, 2012 vs. 2013

Mode 2013 2012 % change

Used transit 44.6% 44.6% 0%

Drove alone 38.2% 38.7% -1%

Carpooled 5.4% 5.6% -4%

Bicycled 4.6% 4.3% 7%

Walked 3.7% 3.8% -4%

Teleworked 1.5% 0.8% 93% Moped/scooter/motorcycle 1.5% 1.8% -17%

Vanpooled 0.5% 0.5% -6% n 4464 3077 45%

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APPENDIX A

Methodology

In September and October 2013, Partnership staff distributed the Downtown Denver Commuter Survey through e-newsletters such as the Partnership Member Advisory, Urban Eye, Skylines and The Connector; social media outlets like Facebook and Twitter; and through direct emails to top Downtown Denver employers requesting they distribute the Survey to their employees.

With the Downtown Denver employee population estimated at 115,020 employees (as of September 2013), the Partnership set out to receive at least 2,315 (2%) valid responses to the Survey. Researchers at the Partnership received 4,729 completed surveys. Of these completed surveys, 4,485 were valid responses, representing 3.9% of the Downtown Denver employee population. The Partnership counts a survey as valid if the respondent works 20 or more hours per week in Downtown Denver, as defined by the 2007 Downtown Area Plan (DAP). This DAP definition of Downtown Denver includes the following neighborhoods: Auraria, Arapahoe Square, Ballpark, Central Platte Valley (Auraria, Commons and Prospect), Cultural Core, Golden Triangle, and LoDo. While the zip code 80202 covers much of central Downtown Denver, other zip codes are also included in the DAP. Thus, the Partnership conducted a detailed check of respondents’ work addresses to determine if the survey was a valid response.

Conditions

Respondents completed the Survey from September 6th – October 7th, 2013. During this time period, the Denver Metro area experienced extremely heavy rainfall. Of the 34 days the survey was open, 10 days had more than a trace of precipitation, with some days having very heavy rainfall. A total of 7 in. of rain fell in the City of Denver during the days the survey was open, which is almost six times the average precipitation for this time of year. Many communities surrounding Denver experienced even more rainfall and extreme flooding. While the Partnership is unable to definitively determine if this historic rainfall influenced 2013 Commuter Survey results, analysis of the data reveals a potential downward affect on bike mode share numbers reported by survey respondents.

Map of Downtown neighborhoods, 2007 Downtown Area Plan

14

 

Unlike precipitation, temperature during this time period was average. The average high during the time period was 72° and the average low was 47°, roughly the same as the historical average high and low for this time period of 71° and 43°. The highest recorded temperature during this survey was 95° and the lowest recorded temperature was 24° (source: weather.com and wunderground.com).

The average price for regular gasoline in Denver during the time period respondents completed the survey was $3.55 per gallon, slightly lower than the United States average of $3.58 (source: www.eia.gov).

Limitations

While the Downtown Denver Commuter Survey aims to be as objective, reliable and valid as possible, it is not a scientific survey. Limitations include the issue of self-reporting, reliance on only an online survey and the challenge to reach a representative sample of Downtown Denver employees from a variety of organizations.

One way the Partnership measures the validity of the Survey is by comparing the demographic information of survey respondents to demographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) program. The industry and age of survey respondents roughly matches the industry and age of all Downtown Denver employees as reported by the LEHD program. However, the gender of survey respondents (56% female, 44% male) does not match the gender of Downtown Denver workers as a whole (47% female, 53% male; source: LEHD). Because gender influences commuting habits, this is a significant limitation of the survey. National research shows that males are much more likely to bike to work than females. Recent Census data shows that males are 167% more likely to commute to work by bike than females in the U.S. and 220% more likely to bike to work in the Denver Metro area. Thus, Partnership researchers believe the number of commuters who bike to work is slightly higher than this survey shows due to the gender discrepancy of survey respondents.

However, the fact that Survey results are incredibly stable from year-to-year, despite changes in respondents’ employers, helps to validate the Survey’s accuracy. While it is not fully generalizable to the commuting population as a whole, the Partnership believes the Survey accurately represents commuting habits of Downtown Denver employees.

Visit www.DowntownDenver.com for full survey results

$3.59 $3.60 $3.59 $3.51

$3.46

$3.68 $3.66

$3.62

$3.57

$3.50

$3.44 $3.40

$3.45

$3.50

$3.55

$3.60

$3.65

$3.70

09/02 09/09 09/16 09/23 09/30 10/07

Weekly regular conventional retail gasonline prices

Denver

United States

511 16th Street, Suite 200, Denver, CO 80202 • 303-534-6161 • www.DowntownDenver.com