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A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Dr Lee Hock Siang
Director (OSH Specialists)
Occupational Safety and Health Division
Singapore’s Approach to implementing
the Globally Harmonized System of
Classification and Labeling of Chemicals
© 2010 Government of Singapore 1
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Scope
• Hazardous Chemicals
• Globally Harmonized System
• Singapore’s Approach
© 2010 Government of Singapore 2
• Singapore’s Approach
• Key Success Factors
• Challenges
• Summary
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
• Two men were injured when a chemical spill occurred in a cargo lift
• 7 July 2011
© 2010 Government of Singapore 3Source ST
• 7 July 2011
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
© 2010 Government of Singapore 4
Worker accidentally mixed
sodium hypochlorite into
hydrochloric acid tank
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceHazard Communication is a Key Element in the
Safe Use and Handling of Chemicals
Labeling
© 2010 Government of Singapore 5
Safety DataSheets (SDS)
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
1. Policy & strategy
2. Procurement & procurement
3. Register and Safety DataSheet
4. Labelling and Warning Signs
5. Storage and Transportation
6. Risk assessments and control
7. Safe work procedures and Personal
1. Policy & strategy
2. Procurement & procurement
3. Register and Safety DataSheet
4. Labelling and Warning Signs
5. Storage and Transportation
6. Risk assessments and control
7. Safe work procedures and Personal WSH guidelines on Management of
Hazard communication
is an integral part of
Management of
Hazardous Chemical
Programme
© 2010 Government of Singapore 6
Protective Equipment
8. Workplace Monitoring and
Surveillance
9. Information and Training
10. Emergency planning & first-aid
11. Waste disposal
12. Contract work (where applicable)
13. Programme review & audit
Protective Equipment
8. Workplace Monitoring and
Surveillance
9. Information and Training
10. Emergency planning & first-aid
11. Waste disposal
12. Contract work (where applicable)
13. Programme review & audit
WSH guidelines on Management of
Hazardous Chemicals Programme ,
2011
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Life cycle of a Chemical
© 2010 Government of Singapore 7
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Key Stakeholders
Chemical Manufacturers
Chemical Suppliers
Singapore Chemical
Industrial Council
© 2010 Government of Singapore 8
Industrial Council
Trade Associations
Chemical users
Service providers
Others
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Main Competent Authorities
• MOM (Ministry of Manpower)
safety & health aspects of hazardous chemicals at work
• NEA (National Environment Agency)
regulates prescribed hazardous substances of environmental concerns
SCDF
© 2010 Government of Singapore 9
• SCDF (Singapore Civil Defence Force)
regulates petroleum & flammable substances
• SPF (Singapore Police Force)
regulates explosives
• MPA (Maritime & Port Authority)
controls dangerous goods in ports
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
What is the GHS ?
� A common and coherent approach
• To define and classify hazards
• To communicate information on labels
Introduction to GHS
© 2010 Government of Singapore 10
• To communicate information on labels
and Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
Objective of GHS
� To enhance the protection of human
health and the environment.
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
• Enhances protection of humans and the environment
around the world.
• Facilitates international trade in chemicals,
Benefits of GHS
© 2010 Government of Singapore 11
• Facilitates international trade in chemicals,
whose hazards have been properly assessed and
identified on an international basis
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
• Hazard classification
• Labels
What is harmonised?
© 2010 Government of Singapore 12
• Labels
• Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
• Assignment to a chemical of both:
– Hazard Class (nature of hazard); and
– Hazard Category (degree of hazard).
What is Hazard Classification?
© 2010 Government of Singapore 13
– Based on hazards: intrinsic properties.
– Does not require additional testing
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
1. Explosives
2. Flammable gases
3. Flammable aerosols
4. Oxidizing gases
5. Gases under pressure
9. Pyrophoric liquids
10. Pyrophoric solids
11. Self-heating substances
12. Substances which, in contact with
water, emit flammable gases
Physical Hazards
© 2010 Government of Singapore 14
5. Gases under pressure
6. Flammable liquids
7. Flammable solids
8. Self-reactive substances
water, emit flammable gases
13. Oxidizing Liquids
14. Oxidizing Solids
15. Organic peroxides
16. Corrosive to metals
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
1. Acute toxicity2. Skin irritation / corrosion3. Eye irritation / serious eye damage 4. Respiratory / skin sensitisation5. Germ cell mutagenicity6. Carcinogenicity7. Reproductive toxicity8. Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT)- single exposure
Health Hazards
© 2010 Government of Singapore 15
8. Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT)- single exposure9. STOT -multiple exposure10. Aspiration hazard
Environmental Hazard
• Hazardous to the aquatic environment
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Explosives
Self-reactive substance
Organic peroxide
Flammable substance
Self-reactive substance
Pyrophoric and self-
heating substance
Organic peroxides
Oxidizing substance
GHS (9) Pictograms
© 2010 Government of Singapore 16
Compressed gas Corrosive to metal
Skin corrosion
Serious eye damage
Environmental
hazard
Acute toxicity Acute toxicity
Skin irritation
Eye irritation
Sensitization (Dermal)
Target organ toxicity
Sensitization (Respiratory)
Mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity
Reproductive toxicity
Target organ toxicity
Aspiration hazard
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Container Package Labelling
© 2010 Government of Singapore 17
For more information, please refer to SDS
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
1) Identity of the substance
2) Safety and health information
pertaining to the substance
3) Composition of and ingredients
8) Exposure controls and
personal protection needed
9) Physical and chemical
properties
~ the main hazard communication tool between the chemical suppliers
and the end users.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
© 2010 Government of Singapore 18
3) Composition of and ingredients
used in the substance
4) First aid measures
5) Fire fighting measures
6) Accidental release measures
7) Precautions to be taken for safe
handling
properties
10) Stability and reactivity of
the substance
11) Toxicological information
12) Ecological information
13) Disposal considerations
14) Transport information
15) Regulatory information
16) Other information
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Summary of Spore’s GHS JourneySummary of Spore’s GHS Journey
2002 2005 2006 2007 2008
AlignAlign--
ment of ment of
Law Law
Launch Launch ofof
SS 586 SS 586
Endorsement Endorsement
by APECby APEC
2009 2010
GHS GHS Poster Poster
Transfer of Transfer of
custody of custody of
GHS TF to GHS TF to
MOMMOM
GHS GHS
WebpageWebpage
2011
ACOP of ACOP of
SS SS 586586
© 2010 Government of Singapore 19
Formation of Formation of
GHS GHS
TaskForceTaskForce by by
MTIMTI GHS GHS
GuidebookGuidebook
GHS Road GHS Road
mapmap
GHS GHS
LeafletsLeaflets
GHS GHS Poster Poster
& Post card& Post cardLaunched Launched
MHCP MHCP
(GHS as an (GHS as an
element)element)
GHS Awareness Seminars
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Endorsement of GHS
….Ministers encouraged APEC members to work towards implementing the globally harmonized system (GHS) on hazard classification and
APEC Chemical Dialogue
© 2010 Government of Singapore 20® All Rights Reserved
system (GHS) on hazard classification and labelling of chemicals and safety data sheets by 2006, including through capacity building….
14th APEC Ministerial Meeting, 2002
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
1. Inter-agency Collaboration
Multi-agency government-industry collaboration in
a taskforce on GHS implementation
Multi-agency government-industry collaboration in
a taskforce on GHS implementation
Lead by
© 2010 Government of Singapore 21® All Rights Reserved
Lead by Co-chaired by
Initially 2005, Ministry of Trade & Industry
(MTI)
Now (Sep 2010) Ministry of Manpower
(MOM) Singapore Chemistry
Industry Council (SCIC)
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Ministry of Trade and Industry [MIT]
National Environment Agency [NEA]
Singapore Civil Defence Force [SCDF]
Ministry of Manpower [MOM]
Singapore Chemistry Industry Council [SCIC]
National GHS Implementation Task Force
© 2010 Government of Singapore 22
Singapore Civil Defence Force [SCDF]
Singapore Police Force [SPF]
Maritime and Port Authority [MPA]
Standards Productivity and Innovation Board [SPRING]
Health Science Authority [H S A]
Workplace Safety and Health Council [WSHC]
Singapore Institution of Safety Officers [SISO]
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
• Oversee the adoption of GHS developed by the United Nations.
• Develop strategies and action plan(s), and coordinate the implementation of GHS through capability building, engagement, promotional activities, and compliance assistance.
Functions of Task Force
© 2010 Government of Singapore 23
capability building, engagement, promotional activities, and compliance assistance.
• Provide advice to the Competent Authorities to align relevant legislation with GHS.
• Monitor the progress of GHS implementation.
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
An official body representing the chemical industry of Singapore in the private sector.
Affiliated to the ASEAN Chemical Industries Club (ASEAN-CIC)
Participates actively in WSHC committees
2. Industry – led Approach
© 2010 Government of Singapore 24
Participates actively in WSHC committees
Co-chairs the National GHS Implementation Task Force
Organises seminars and training workshops on GHS
Publications include Guidebook on GHS
Materials, pamphlets, announcements on GHS seminars found on website: www.scic.sg
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
• Classify chemical products according to GHS
• Prepare GHS safety data sheets (SDSs) for
classified chemical products,
• Prepare GHS labels for classified chemical
products and
Strategic Role of Chemical Manufacturers
© 2010 Government of Singapore 25
products and
• Ensure proper hazard communication of chemical
products down the supply chain
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
3. National Implementation Strategy
1. Promoting GHS
2. Building capability in GHS
3. Engaging stakeholders
4. Establishing an effective regulatory
framework
1. Promoting GHS
2. Building capability in GHS
3. Engaging stakeholders
4. Establishing an effective regulatory
framework
5 5 StrategiesStrategies
© 2010 Government of Singapore 26
5. Developing strong partnerships locally
and internationally
5. Developing strong partnerships locally
and internationally
Strategic Outcome:
Implementation of GHS for effective hazard
communication through labeling and safety data sheets
Vision: Safe use of chemicals
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
4. Engagement of Stakeholders
• Information and Promotion
• Capability Building
© 2010 Government of Singapore 27
• Consultation in standard setting and
implementation
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
© 2010 Government of Singapore 28
www.wshc.sg/ghs
GH
S
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
GHS LeafletsGHS Leaflets
1. Fact Sheet
2. Classification
3. Labelling of Chemical
Guidance materials for GHS on
Hazard Communication
© 2010 Government of Singapore 29
3. Labelling of Chemical
Containers
4. Safety Datasheet (SDS)
http://www.siso.org.sg/www/
http://www.wshc.sg/ghs
http://www.scic.sg/•• GHS PosterGHS Poster
•• PostcardPostcard
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Guidelines and Courses
• GHS Courses: User and
Classifier
• GHS Guidebook
© 2010 Government of Singapore 30
• GHS Guidebook
• Incorporating GHS into
existing training courses
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Seminars, Forums and
Workshops
• Licensees of hazardous substances & flammable materials
• GHS Awareness Seminars target audiences
© 2010 Government of Singapore 31
• GHS Awareness Seminars target audiences
- chemical manufacturers & suppliers
- users of chemicals
- others
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Phase Deadline Target Industry Requirement
1A Feb 2012 All Chemical
Manufacturers &
Suppliers
Preparation of GHS
SDSs & Labels for
Single Substances
2A End 2012 All Users of Chemicals GHS Labelling of
5. Phased Implementation Plan
(supported by Industry )
© 2010 Government of Singapore 32
2A End 2012 All Users of Chemicals GHS Labelling of
Containers for Single
Substances
1B Mid 2015 All Chemical
Manufacturers &
Suppliers
Preparation of GHS
SDSs & Labels for
Mixtures
2B Mid 2015 All Users of Chemicals GHS Labelling of
Containers for
Mixtures
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Section 16 (Duties of manufacturers / Suppliers of
Hazardous Substances)
Provide information about the safe use of hazardous
substances
Singapore’s6. Supported by legislation and standards
Workplace Safety and Health Act 2006
© 2010 Government of Singapore 33
substances
(i) the precautions to be taken;
(ii) the health hazards associated with the substance;
(iii) the information relating to any tests or
examinations of the substances
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Meaning of Hazardous Substances is
in line with GHS classification
1. Corrosive substances
2. Flammable substances
3. Explosives
4. Oxidising substances
5. Pyrophoric substances
6. Gases under pressure
7. Organic peroxides
8. Self heating substances
© 2010 Government of Singapore 34
8. Self heating substances
9. Self-reactive substances
10. Substances which in contact with water, emit flammable gases
11. Toxic substances
12. Mutagens
13. Carcinogens
14. Teratogens
15. Sensitizers
16 Irritants
17. Substances hazardous to aquatic environment
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
WSH (General Provisions) Regulations
Regulation 42 (Warning labels)
Factory occupier shall ensure that every container of
hazardous substance is affixed with one or more labels that
© 2010 Government of Singapore 35
(a) are easily understood by all persons at work
(b) warn of the hazards involved with the hazardous substance; &
(c) specify the precautionary measures to be taken when dealing with the hazardous substance
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
WSH (General Provisions) Regulations
Regulation 43 (Safety Data Sheet)
(1) Where any hazardous substance is used, handled or stored in a factory, the occupier shall:
(a) obtain a SDS of the substance;
© 2010 Government of Singapore 36
(a) obtain a SDS of the substance;
(b) assess the information in the SDS & take precautionary measures to ensure the safe use of the substance;
(c) make available the SDS to all persons at work who
are liable to be exposed to the substance
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Regulation 43 (Safety Data Sheet)
(2) Where any hazardous substance is sold to any person for use
in a factory, the seller or any agent of the seller who caused or
procured the sale shall provide the buyer with a SDS for the
WSH (General Provisions) Regulations 2006
© 2010 Government of Singapore 37
procured the sale shall provide the buyer with a SDS for the
substance, giving accurate & adequate information on the
substance.
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
SDS information items are in line with GHS SDS
1 Identity
2 Safety and health hazard
3 Composition& ingredient
4 First – aid measures
5 Fire – fighting measures
6 Accidental release measures
7 Precautions for handling and storage
© 2010 Government of Singapore 38
7 Precautions for handling and storage
8 Exposure control & personal protection
9 Physical & chemical properties
10 Stability and reactivity
11 Toxicological information
12 Ecological information
13 Disposal considerations
14 Transport information
15 Regulatory information
16 Other relevant information
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Other Requirements under WSHA’s
subsidiary legislation
• Competent person to take charge of hazardous substances
• Proper storage, usage, handling & disposal
• Workers shall be warned of the hazards & precautions
• Warning notices indicating the nature of danger
© 2010 Government of Singapore 39
• Measures to control exposure & to protect workers vs toxic dust,
fumes & other contaminants
• Regular monitoring of workplace where toxic substances are
used, handled or given off.
• Measures to ensure workers are not exposed to toxic substances
exceeding the PEL
• Risk assessment before commencement of work
• Periodic medical examinations for exposure to certain chemicals
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Environmental Protection and Management Act
EPM (Hazardous Substances) Regulations
Requirements on 110 prescribed Hazardous Substances
• A licence is required to import, sell or export any hazardous
substance.
• A permit is required to purchase, store or use any hazardous
© 2010 Government of Singapore 40
• A permit is required to purchase, store or use any hazardous
substance controlled under the Regulations.
• A licence is required to transport any hazardous substance
in quantities exceeding those specified in Regulations before
applying for transport approval.
• Containers, tankers and vehicles must be properly labelled
and carry appropriate hazard warning panels.
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Fire Safety Act
Fire Safety (Petroleum & Flammable Materials)
Regulations• A licence is required to import, transport & store petroleum & flammable
materials above the exemption quantity.
• Petroleum (flash point below 61C), diesel & 237 flammable chemicals & their
mixtures are subjected to licensing control.
© 2010 Government of Singapore 41
mixtures are subjected to licensing control.
• Vehicle transporting, container containing & premises storing regulated
petroleum & flammable materials must be labelled in accordance with SS
586 for hazard communication
• SS 586 requires individual container (e.g. drum, package) for transportation &
storage of hazardous chemicals be labeled in accordance with GHS; vehicle
transporting & premises storing hazardous chemicals be provided with
Emergency Information Panel.
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
Approved Code of Practice on hazard
communication for hazardous chemicals and
dangerous goods
© 2010 Government of Singapore 42
Included in WSH (Singapore Standards
and Code of Practices) Notification,
effective 15 Feb 2011
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
1. Strong Government and Industry Commitment
2. Good collaboration among competent authorities
3. Lead agency to champion or drive GHS
4. Strong industry support
Key Success Factors
© 2010 Government of Singapore 43
5. A clear GHS implementation strategy and plan
6. Supported by codes of practice and legislation
7. Phased implementation
8. Engagement and consultation of stakeholders
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
1. Classification of mixtures
2. Implementation particularly by SME
3. Lack of service providers
4. Keeping up with dynamic changes
5. Small bottle and temporary container labelling
Challenges
© 2010 Government of Singapore 44
5. Small bottle and temporary container labelling
6. Consumer products
A Great Workforce A Great WorkplaceA Great Workforce A Great Workplace
1. Recognise the key role of good hazard communications
in chemical safety
2. Work as a coordinated team with full industry
participation and consultation
3. Learn from one another particularly from other
Summary
© 2010 Government of Singapore 45
3. Learn from one another particularly from other
countries’ practices as well as international experts
4. Flexibility in adapting to changes, local conditions and
implementation approaches and timelines
5. GHS implementation is a journey together