Dr. Volker Rachold Alfred Wegener Institute M.S. and PhD, Geochemistry (Goettingen, 1991, 1994) Research Interests: Coastal and Offshore Permafrost Nutrient

Dr. Volker RacholdAlfred Wegener InstituteM.S. and PhD, Geochemistry (Goettingen, 1991, 1994)

Research Interests: • Coastal and Offshore Permafrost • Nutrient and Carbon Cycles • Sedimentation Processes • River Geochemistry Arctic Land-Ocean Interactions

The Role of Coastal Processes

in the Arctic System

The Role of Coastal Processes

in the Arctic System

Volker Rachold, AWIArctic ForumWashington DC13-14 May 2004

• Hydrodynamic system

• Atmospheric system

• Erosion and accretion

• Thaw consolidation

• GHG

• Organic carbon

• Bathymetry and morphology • Human systems

• Biology and ecosystems

Processes

Impacts

• Sediment transport by waves, currents and ice

• Permafrost degradation

Environmental forcing

Coastal responses

Feedback


Coastal Dynamics as a function of environmental forcing and coastal geology and

morphology


Rachold, Eicken, Gordeev, Grigoriev, Hubberten, Lisitzin, Shevchenko and Schirrmeister (2003)

Terrigenous Organic Carbon Input to the Arctic Ocean


Current Status of the Arctic Coastal Dynamics (ACD) Coastal Segmentation and Classification

(prototype GIS with completed segmentation is anticipated by

October 2004)

Coastal Subdivisions by Arctic Shelf Seas

*based on World Vector Shorelines, excluding islands

Sector Shoreline length* (km)

CS Chukchi Sea 5,203

ES East Siberian Sea

3,500

LS Laptev Sea 7,931

KS Kara Sea 10,790

BS Barents Sea 6,176

GSCA Greenland Sea/Canadian Archipelago

4,378

CBS Canadian Beaufort Sea

3,787

USBS US Beaufort Sea

1,958

total 43,723


field entry options

primary_contact_person provide name and email

regional_sea Chukchi Sea=CS, East Siberian Sea=ESS, Laptev Sea=LS, Kara Sea=KS, Barents Sea=BS, Greenland Sea/Canadian Archipelago=GSCA, Beaufort Sea=BS

onshore (direction landward from the sea)

onshore_form delta=d, lowland(<10m)=l, upland(10-500m)=u, highland(>500m)=h, wetland=w

backshore (upper part of the active beach above the normal reach of the tides (high water), but affected by large waves occurring during a high water)

backshore_formbackshore_elevationbackshore_material_1backshore_material_2backshore_comment

cliff=c, slope=s, flat=f, ridged/terraced=r, anthropogenic=a, complicated=xin meterslithified=l, unlithified=umud-dominated=m, sand-dominated=s, gravel-dominated=g, diamict=d, organic=o, mixtures= e.g mg, sgtext to be added if backshore_form=r or backshore_form=x

shore (strip of ground bordering the sea which is alternately exposed, or covered by tides and/or waves)

shore_formbeach_formshore_material_1shore_material_2shore_comment

beach=b, shore terrace*=t, cliff=c, complicated=xfringing=f, barrier=b, spit=s (to be filled if shore_form=b)lithified=l, unlithified=umud-dominated=m, sand-dominated=s, gravel-dominated=g, diamict=d, organic=o, mixtures= e.g mg, sgtext to be added if shore_form = x

offshore

depth_closure**distance_2m_isobathdistance_5m_isobathdistance_10m_isobathdistance_100m_isobathoffshore_material

in meters (if available)in meters (if available)in meters (if available)in meters (if available)in meters (if available)mud-dominated=m, sand-dominated=s, gravel-dominated=g, diamict=d, organic=o, mixtures= e.g mg, sg

ACD Coastal Classification Template

Jerry Brown, Volker Rachold and the ACD Group

Arctic Science Summit WeekReykjavik, Island April 2004


field entry options

general

ground_ice_1ground_ice_2ground_ice_commentchange_ratechange_rate_intervaldynamic_processdry_bulk_densityorganic_Csoil_organic_C

low(2-20)=l, medium(20-50)=m, high(>50)=hin % total volume of shoreline (best guess!)text to be added if ground ice template was filled outin meter/year (erosion=minus, accumulation=plus)in years (years of observation, e.g. 1956-1999)erosive=e, stable=s, accumulative=a (interpretation, only to be filled out if change rate is not available)in t/m3 (if no data available use: clay=1.3, silt=1.5, sand=2, or mixtures, e.g. silty sand=1.8)in weight % (best guess!)in kg/m2 (if available)

environmental

(not included here, will be available as separate GIS layer)

data_sources text (provide the sources or references(citation) of used information, i.e. published, unpublished observations or reports)

comments text (space for additional comments)

ACD Coastal Classification Template (2)



Jorgenson and Brown (in press)







Sampling for organic geochemical analyses in the Laptev Sea


Net coastal change in the Canadian Beaufort Sea from 1972 to 2000 overlain on a Landsat image mosaic 1998-1999 (provided by

Environment Canada).


Solomon (in press)

V-5 profile

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

L, m - distance from the base

H, m

- a

sl.

he

igth

1987

2000

high tide level

Amount of shoreline retreat between 1987 and 2000 at Varandei settlement (Barents Sea)


Ogorodov (in press)

Analyses of Environmental Data: Storm counts 3

5

7

1

2

4

6


Atkinson (in press)

R2 = 0.7

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Total wave energy, m 2 days

Ret

reat

rat

e, m

/yea

rCliff edge retreat rate versus the total wave energy

R2 = 0.4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Number of storm's days

Ret

reat

rat

e, m

/yea

r

Coastal retreat rate versus the number of days with storms

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

1978 1983 1988 1993 1998 2003

Years

Ret

reat

rat

e, m

/yea

r

Temporal changes in the retreat rate of cliff edge


Vasiliev, Kanevskiy, Cherkashov and Vanshtein

(in press)

Monitoring of coastal retreat rates at the key site Marre Sale

(Kara Sea)

Model of the sub-sea permafrost table relief at the Marre Sale key site (Kara Sea)


Rekant, Cherkashov, Vanshtein and Krynitsky (in

press)

Transition of Onshore to Offshore Permafrost in the Arctic Coastal Zone

Concept of a Coastal Drilling Program in the Western Laptev Sea – German-Russian Expedition COAST 1 (Rachold, 2003)


Coastal Permafrost Drilling Profile at „Mammontovy Klyk“ (Western Laptev Sea) –

Pilot Study by M.N. Grigoriev, April 2003



Schematic map of relic offshore ice

bearing permafrost thickness on the

East Siberian Arctic Shelf (Simulation for

geothermal heat flux of 45 mW/m2)

Ice bearing permafrost thickness [m]

1- discontinuous, 100 and less2- 100-2003- 200- 3004- 300-4005- 400-600

6- 100-600 in rifts with open taliks7- open taliks following large tectonic fractures8-coastal permafrost thickness9- Arctic Shelf boundary

Romanovskii, Hubberten, Gavrilov, Eliseeva and Tipenko (in press)

ACD Products Circum-Arctic Coastal

Photo Collection

http://www.awi-potsdam.de/www-pot/geo/acd.html)


Metadata Information for key

sites

Bibliography of Russian Literature

ACD Publications

Reportson Polar and Marine Research

Berichtezur Polar- und Meeresforschung

413

2002

Arctic Coastal DynamicsReport of an International WorkshopPotsdam (Germany) 26-30 November 2001

Edited by Volker Rachold, Jerry Brown and Steve Solomon



443

2003

Arctic Coastal DynamicsReport of the 3rd International WorkshopOslo (Norway), 2-5 December 2002

Edited by Volker Rachold, Jerry Brown, Steve Solomon and Johan Ludvig Sollid




in press

2004

Arctic Coastal DynamicsReport of the 4th International WorkshopSt. Petersburg (Russia), 10-13 November 2003

Edited by Volker Rachold and Georgy Cherkashov

ACD Publications (2)Arctic Coastal Dynamics – Special Issue of GeoMarine Letters V. Rachold, F. Are, J. Brown, G. Cherkashov, M. N. Grigoriev, H.-W. Hubberten, J.L.

Sollid and S. Solomon - Preface and overview of the IASC/IPA-Project Arctic Coastal Dynamics (ACD)

F. E. Are, M. N. Grigoriev, H.-W. Hubberten and V. Rachold - Using thermoterrace dimensions to calculate the coastal erosion rate

D. E. Atkinson - Environmental forcing of the circum-Polar coastal regimeD. Drozdov and F. Rivkin - A Geo-Information System (GIS) to display and analyze

coastal dynamics of the Russian ArcticT. Jorgenson and J. Brown - The U.S. Beaufort Sea coast: regional classification and

estimation of sediment and carbon inputs from erosionG.K. Manson, S.M. Solomon, D.L. Forbes, D.E. Atkinson, and M. Craymer - Spatial

Variability Of Factors Influencing Coastal Change In The Western Canadian Arctic

S. L. Nikiforov, Yu. A. Pavlidis, V. Rachold, N. A. Aibulatov, M. N. Grigoryev, F. M. Rivkin, N.V.Ivanova and M.M.Koreisha - Morphogenetic classification of Arctic coasts

S. A. Ogorodov - Coastal dynamics in the Pechora Sea under human impactS. A. Ogorodov, A. M. Kamalov, G. K. Zubakin and Yu. P. Gudoshnikov - The role of

sea ice in coastal and bottom dynamics in the Pechora Sea V. Ostroumov, V. Rachold and Sorokovikov - Coastal erosion sediment and organic

carbon input to the East Siberian SeaN. Romanovkii, H.-W. Hubberten, A. Gavrilov, V. Tumskoy and V. Romanovsky -

Recent Offshore Permafrost State and Processes of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf

A. Sharov - Studying changes of ice coasts in the Russian ArcticA. Vasiliev, M. Kanevskiy, G Cherkashov and B. Vanshtein -Permafrost and coastal

dynamics at the Barents and Kara Sea key sitesS. Solomon - Spatial and temporal variability of shoreline change in the Beaufort-

Mackenzie region, Northwest Territories, CanadaB. Vanshtein, G. Cherkashov, P. Rekant and P. Krinitsky - Permafrost characteristics

and dynamics of the southern part of Kara Sea coastal zone

coming soon...


Integration of Geophysical and Biological Integration of Geophysical and Biological StudiesStudies

Biological and Ecological AssessmentsMarine and Coastal Biodiversity

Geological Coastline CharacterizationSediment and Organic Carbon InputEnvironmental Forcing

Human Interactions (Anthropogenic Stressors) Risk AssessmentSustainable Development



Arctic Coastal Biodiversity AssessmentArctic Coastal Biodiversity Assessment

Ecoregional Analysis

Species Habitat Models

Restoration Areas

Local Special Features

Lan

dscap

e P

att

ern

An

thro

pog

en

ic

Stre

ssors

Model Results

ACD Coastal Data

Source: Cogan 2001

• Arctic Coastal Biodiversity (ACBio) – Development of a Science and Implementation Planfor a new IASC project

• 5th Arctic Coastal Dynamics (ACD) Workshop –Montreal (Canada), 13-16 October 2004

• 2004 AGU Fall Meeting – Special Session on Arctic Permafrost Coasts

• International Conference on Arctic Planning (ICARP II) - Copenhagen (Denmark), Autumn 2005 Coastal Working Group Theme

Near-future Activities


Financial support by the following organizations is highly appreciated:

• International Arctic Sciences Committee (IASC)

• International Permafrost Association (IPA)

• Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT): Canada-Germany agreement

• INTAS (International Association for the promotion of co-operation with scientists from the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union): project numbers INTAS Open Call 2001-2329 and INTAS Open Call 2001-2332

• International Arctic Research Center (IARC): grant “Analysis of Coastal Meteorological and Oceanographic Forcing in the Arctic Basin”

• German Ministry for Education and Research / Russian Ministry for Research and Technology: grant: “Permafrost Dynamics in the Laptev Sea”

Financial support by the following organizations is highly appreciated:

• International Arctic Sciences Committee (IASC)

• International Permafrost Association (IPA)

• Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT): Canada-Germany agreement

• INTAS (International Association for the promotion of co-operation with scientists from the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union): project numbers INTAS Open Call 2001-2329 and INTAS Open Call 2001-2332

• International Arctic Research Center (IARC): grant “Analysis of Coastal Meteorological and Oceanographic Forcing in the Arctic Basin”

• German Ministry for Education and Research / Russian Ministry for Research and Technology: grant: “Permafrost Dynamics in the Laptev Sea”

Acknowledgements Acknowledgements


Documents

Dr. Volker Rachold Alfred Wegener Institute M.S. and PhD, Geochemistry (Goettingen, 1991, 1994) Research Interests: Coastal and Offshore Permafrost Nutrient