Draft Chemistry Practical Book Sinhala

7/26/2019 Draft Chemistry Practical Book Sinhala

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ridhk oHdj m%dfhda.sl

ls%hdldrl ika;;sh

12 iy 13 jk fYa%Ks

^2012 jif isg ls%hd;aul f&

oHd" fi!LH yd Ydl wOHdmk fomd;fka;=joHd" fi!LH yd Ydl wOHdmk fomd;fka;=joHd" fi!LH yd Ydl wOHdmk fomd;fka;=joHd" fi!LH yd Ydl wOHdmk fomd;fka;=j

oHd yd ;dlaIK mSGhoHd yd ;dlaIK mSGhoHd yd ;dlaIK mSGhoHd yd ;dlaIK mSGhcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh


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mlaIK wxlh ( 01 ksmqK;d ugu 1'1

lef;dav lsrKj, .=K ykd .ekSu ^.=re wdoYkhls&

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' lef;dav lsrK k


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rEmh 1 (a) ( lef;dav lsrK k< lsysmhla

rEmh 1 (b) ( lef;dav lsrK k< i|yd

fhdod .; yels mm: lsysmhla

(iv) (v)

(vi)

fm%arK o`.rh

lmlh

n, iemhq tallh

fldm m;%h


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mlaIKh I( ^iv& mm: rEm igyfkys fydav& mm: rEm igyfkysoelafjk mos WmlrK ilid

.kak' fuys fhdod we;af;a ^i& rEmfha oelafjk lef;dav lsrK k


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oHq;apqnl jKdj,sfhys oDYH mrdifha ixrpl kslaIKh lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (

1 W; Wml%u Nd; lrkaoDYH mrdih kslaIKh lr tysiajNdjh jd;d lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK (

re m%siauhla

iq wdf,dal lonhla ,nd fok wdf,dal m%Njhla

;srhla

mlaIKhg wod, ia;r yd ls%hdmmdh ( m%siauhla wdOdrfhka iq wdf,dal lonhlafNaokh ug i,iajd ;srhlau;g

,nd .kak' tys jK fNaokh we;s wdldrh kslaIKh lsug isiqkag

wjia:dj ,nd fokak'


wdlD;s ieliSu u.skayev wjfndaO lr .ekSu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' ir, wKqyd whk LKavlj, mrudKq nkaOkh we;s wdldrh yd mrudKq

;s%udK wjldYfhaYdk; we;s wdldrh wjfndaO lr .kshs'

2' wKql wdlD;s ilia lsf yiqre l=i,;d m%oYkh lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK ( mrudKql wdlD;sieliSf lg,h

mrudKql wdlD;s ieliSug fhdod .; yels l,am jH ^foys" brgq" neka&

mlaIKhg wod, ia;r yd ls%hdmmdh (

2012 jif isg ls%hd;aul miquiq l< .=reudf.damfoaY ix.%yfha msgq wxl 23yd 24 ysi|ykaiSudjkag wh;a ir, wKqyd whk ldKav isiqkag bm;alrkak'

ridhkd.drfha ;sfnk mrudKql wdlD;s ilia lsf lg, fydaiqiq l,am

jH Nd; lr ksoiqkla f,i bm;a l< wKqyd whk ldKavj, wdlD;silia

lr tajd m%oYkh lsug isiq ldKavj,g mjrkak'

idlPdj ( ilia lrk ,o wdlD;s yd ienE jHqyh w;r mj;akd iudkl yd wiudkl

idlPd lrkak'

wdlD;s u.ska ienE jHqyh 100] id:lj ksrEmKh lsu wiSre nj fmkajd

fokak'


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(aq)Nd;fhka djKhl idkaKh ksKh lsu

jdoh( c,Sh i,af*a whk fh whk iu tl;= c,fha wdjH

wjlafIamh idohs'

idudkH ldur WIaK;ajfhaoSfh i,af*a ys djH;dj >k fvisgrhg ,s .%E 3lamuK fjhs' kuq;awd,sl udOHfhaoSfh i,afma ysdjH;dj ie,lsh hq;=m%udKhlska

by< hhs'

Wod( 2 moldm-3HCl djKhl ys djH;dj 100 mgdm-3muK fjhs'

flfia fj;;a fh whk iu fmdiaf*a whk" ldnfka whk iy lafrdaf whk

wjlafIam u je,elau i|yd mlaIKh n, wd,sl ;;a;aj hgf;aoS is lrhs' fuys oS

o fh i,af*aj, djH;dj wvq lr .ekSu i|yd fh whkj, idkaKh byk fvisgrhlg i,af*a whk .%E 4lamuK jk djKhla ^c,h

>k fvisgrhlg fidah i,af*a .%E 6lamuK& idod .kak' by; djKfhka yhg

u 50'00 cm3la 400 cm3lrhlg msfmgqjlawOdrfhka tlalrkak' fuhg idka HCldjKfhka0'5 cm3 la tlalrkak' miq j djKh 250 cm3 la olajd wdi%e; c,h tlalr

;kql lrkak' djKh keug wdikak jk f;lar;alrkak' kuq;akeug bv fkdfokak'oeka fuu djKhg fmr idod .;a 5% BaCl

2djKh msfmgqjla wdOdrfhka x jYfhka

tlalrkak' fufia tla lrk w;r;=r djKh fyd|ska l,;kak' fh laf,darhs

djKh tljr fydaf.fhkatlalsu fkdl< hq;=h' fufial


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wjlafIamh iEfokjd k ;j;aBaCl2

3 cm3la muK tla lr kej; mlaId lrkak'

fufia kej; wjlafIamh fkd,efnk ;=re BaCl2

tla lr wjlafIamh i|yd

mlaId lrkak' wjlafIamh iEoSu imQK jQ miqyd ;j;a 2 cm3la muK tla lr

djKfhajemqr idkaKhlamj;ajd .kak' djKh Trf,daiqrejlska jid keug

bv fkdoSks;a;= 30la muK r;a lrkak'

wjlafIamh ;ekam;a ug bv yer kej; by< we;s meyeos,s u djKh wjlafIamh i|yd

mlaId lrkak' kej; wjlafIamh fkdiEfokafka k djKh fmu i|yd iQodk h'

msis h


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jdhqjl ujq,sl mudj mlaIKd;aul j ksKh lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' jdhq mud uekSf l%u msk fmdgEish m'uex.fka iaj,amhla ^r;alrkafkawehs@&

he


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igyk (

mlaIKfha fodaI" tajd wju l< yels wdldr yd .Kkfha is lrkq ,nk

Wml,amk ms


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mlaIK wxlh ( 06 ksmqK;d uglu 4'2

ue.akSishj, idfmalaI mrudKql ialkaOhmlaIKd;aul j ksKh lsu


1' ldur WIaKa;jfha yd mSvkfha okakd MgialkaOhlska uqla; l< yhsrcka

jdhq mudj ksKh lrhs'

2' uqla; jQyhsrcka jdhq ujq, m%udKh weiqfrka Mg j, idfmalaI mrudKql

ialkaOh .Kkh lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK ( 0'02-0'04 gue.akSish m 3'5 cm muK&

hqfrgqjla

;kql 2 moldm-3)HCl

c,h

lrhla


ue.akSish m 3'5 cm muK& lene,a,la f.k je,slvodishlska ueo" msis lr

.kak' miqj tysialkaOh ksje/ j uek .kak' ;kql yhsfrdlaf,dala 25 cm3

hqfrgqjlg mqrjd .kak' hqfrgqf ;a;sh f.a my


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hqfrgqj isria j r|jd .ekSug wdOdrlhl i lrkak' jdhq nqnq by


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w,hl$Niauhl WodiSklrK tka;e,amsh mlaIKd;aul j ksKh lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M,(

1' ridhksl m%;sl%shd is f we;sjk WIaK;aj mhdi uekSf l=i,;dj ,nd

.kshs'

2 w,-NiAu WodiSklrK m%;sl%shdj, tka;e,amsmhdih mlaIKd;aul j ksKh

lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK (

2.0 mol dm-3fidah yhsfrdlaihs 50 cm3

2.0 mol dm-3fmdgEish yhsfrdlaihs 50 cm3

2.0 mol dm-3khsla w,h 50 cm3

2.0 mol dm-3yhsfrdlaf,dalaw,h 50 cm3

100 cm3 lr lsysmhla

250 cm3 lrhla fyda 100 cm3 lrh nyd,sh yels mjdrl nkla

100 cm3 kq ird

WIaK;ajudkhla

mjdrl jH

re l+rla$uka:hla


lrhg 2 mol dm-3 NaOH 50 cm3 uek f.k tu djKfha WIaK;ajh igyka

lr .kak' fjk;a lrhlg 2 mol dm-3yhsfrdlaf,dala w,h 50 cm3 uek

f.k tys WIaK;ajh igyka lrkak' ^Niau djKfha WIaK;ajh uekSfuka miq

w, djKfhaWIaK;ajh uekSug fmr WIaK;ajudkh fidaod .kak'& tlalrhl

we;sdjKh wfklg tl jr tl;=lr Y%Kh


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fyiakshuh mlaIKd;aul j ;yjqre lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' tlsfklg fjkia ud. follska" tla moaO;shla fjk;a moaO;shlg mj;kh

lrhs'2' ridhksl m%;sl%shd is f oS we;s jk WIaK;aj mhdi uekSf l=i,;dj ,nd

.kshs'3' is jQ tka;e,ams mhdih tka;e,ams rEm igyklau`.skaolajhs'4' tka;e,ams rEm igykla u`.ska ud. folla Tiafia is jk tka;e,amsmhdi

iudk nj fmkafuka fyia kshuh ;yjqre lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK (

2 mol dm-3yhsfrdlaf,dalaw,h 250cm3la

fidah yhsfrdlaihs 20 gla

400 cm3lr 4 la

250 cm3kq irdjla

WIaK;ajudkhla ^0 - 200 0C mrdih we;s&


fuu mlaIKfha oSfidah yhsfrdlaihs okakd ialkaOhla Bg wkqrEm c,Sh

fidah laf,darhs njg ud. folla Tiafia mj;kh flf'

I l%uh

2 mol dm-3yhsfrdlaf,dalaw,h 125 cm3 lalrhg uek f.k tysWIaK;ajh

igykalr .kak' c,h 125 cm3 lauek f.k tyso WIaK;ajh igyka lr .kak'

w,h 125 cm3 la c,hg tl;=lr fyd|skal,;d kej; WIaK;ajh igyka lr

.kak' ^fuu ;kqllrKfhaoSwe;sjk WIaK;aj fjki fkd .sKsh yels;r nj

Tng fmfkkqwe;'&

1 mol dm-3yhsfrdlaf,dala w,h 250 cm3 ys WIaK;ajh T1& igykalr .kak'

>k fidah yhsfrdlaihs 10'0 glafjk;a lrhlg blaukska lsrd f.k 1mol dm-3 yhsfrdlaf,dala w,h fuu lrhg oud" osh u blaukajk fia

fyd|ska l,;kak' djKh


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lrhg 2 mol dm-3 yhsfrdlaf,dala w,h 125 cm3 la uek f.k tys

WIaK;ajh ^T5& igykalr .kak'

by; oSidod .;afidah yhsfrdlaihs djKfhaWIaK;ajh T6& kej; igykalr f.k jyd u thg yhsfrdlaf,dala w, djKh tl jr u tlalrkak'

djKh fyd|ska l,;katys Wmu WIaK;ajh ^T7& ,nd .kak'

Il%ufha oS iy II l%ufha oS is jk m%;sl%shd my; oelaf'

W; .Kkh ls u`.skam%;sl%shdj wdY%s; tka;e,ams mhdi ksKh lrkak'

wod< tka;e,amsmhdi tka;e,amsigyklskaolajd fyiakshuh ;yjqre lrkak'

NaOH 10 g .Kkhg we;=k NaOH10 g

wjidk jHwdrNl jH

H3

H2

H1

fuys is jk tka;e,amsmhdi b;d u l=vd h'

Il%uh

IIl%uh

rEmh 8 (a)


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c,h iy w, iu`. f,day is lrk m%;sl%shd ieieu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' syd pf.dkqj, f,day

^w& jd;h ^wd& c,h ^we& ;kql w, iu`. olajk m%;sl%shd kslaIKh lrhs'2' wdj; Tiafiabhg hEf oS;a" ldKav Tiafiamy


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s yd

p

f.dkqj, uQ,jH idok ,jKj, c,fha djH;dj mlaId lsuwfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (

1' syd pf.dkqj, ,jKj, c,fhadjH;dj mlaId lr ii|hs'jH yd WmlrK (

Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba yd Al idok c,fha djH ,jK I ldKavfha uQ,jH idok j.=f i|ykaNa,jK ^K,jK jqj o fhdod .; yels h'& mlaId kk fidah laf,darhs wefudakshd djKh >k fidah fn%dauhs ;kql khsla w,h >k fidah whvhs msIaG djKh ^fuu fya,hs whk wvx.= kE u laf,daka oshr

,jKhla Nd; l< yels h'& lelEre k< is,aj khsf djKh mlaId k< idka i,a*shqlaw,h re l+rla f, weisf fyda f, khsf djKh nkaika odylhla laf,dafrdf*da fyda ldnka fgrdlaf,darhs

mlaIKhg wod, ia;r yd ls%hdmmdh ( laf,darhsv" fn%dauhs iy whvhs i|yd my; i|yka mlaIK fjk fjk u

lrkak' kslaIK ixikaokh lrkak'mlaIKh I

>k fya,hsvfhka iaj,amhla f.k idka i,a*shqla w,fhkaiaj,amhla tl;=lrkak' mlaId k


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mlaIK wxlh (16 ksmqK;d ugu 6'4

Tlai,sla w, djKhla Nd; lr fmdgEish uex.fka(VII)djKhl idkaKh kSKh lsu'

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M,(

1' m%d:l iu; hkq l=ulaoehs ia;r lrhs'

2' m%d:l iu;hla f,i fidah Tlaif,a fydaTlai,sla w,h fhdod .kska

m%d:l m%dudKsl djKhla Primary standard solution& ms


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igykigykigykigykigyk Wla; wkqudmkh i|yd m%d:l m%dudKsl djKh ms


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mlaIK wxlh (17 ksmqK;d ugu 6'5

wd,sl fmdgEish muex.fka djKhlaNd; lr f*riawhkdjKhl idkaKh ksKh lsu'

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M,(

1' iajhx oYl wkqudmkhla ms


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fldfnda,a(II)" ksl,a(II)

yd fldm(II),jK yhsfv%dlaf,dala w,hiy wefudakshd iu`. olajk m%;sl%shd kslaIKh lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M,(

1' df.dkqf uQ,jH ixlSK whk idok nj m%ldY lrhs'

2' ixlSK ixfhda. lsysmhla iEoSf l=i,;dj ,nd .kshs'

3' tu ixlSK ixfhda.j, ic, whk jKj;a nj m%ldY lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK (

;kql fldm i,af*a djKhla

ksl,a ^II& whk wvx.=djKhla

fldfnda,a^II& whk wvx.= djKhla

idka yhsfv%dlaf,dala w, djKhla

yhsv%cka f*frdlaihs djKhla

;kql iy idka wefudakshd djK

mlaIKhg wod< ia;r yd ls%hdmmdh (

my; j.=j, oelafjk wdldrhg tla tla whk djKj,g m%;sldrl tl;= fldg

is jk mhdi kslaIKh lrkak'

Co2+(aq)

Ni2+(aq)

Cu2+ (aq)

by; tlatlawjia:djg wod< jK ,nd fok Co2+" Ni2+ yd Cu2+idok ixlSK

whkj, iQ;%bm;a lrkak'

djKfhajKh

;kqlwefudakshddjKhla xjYfhka tl;=lsu'

idkawefudakshddjKhla xjYfhkatl;=lsu'

idka HClx jYfhka

tl;= lsu'

H 2O2 xjYfhka

tl;= lsu'

j.=j 18


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TlaislrK wxl+2, +4, +6 yd+7gwod< uex.kSia whkj, jK kslaIKh lsu


1' O TlaislrK wjia:dj, we;suex.kSia whkj, jK ksCIKh lrhs'

2' h TlaislrK wjia:djl mj;sk uex.kSia whk fjk;aTlaislrK wjia:djlg

mj;kh lsf l=i,;dj ,nd .kshs'

jH yd WmlrK (

;kql c,Sh fmdgEish uex.fka^VII& djKhla

;kql i,a*shqla w, djKhla

idka fmdgEish yhsfrdlaihs fydaidka fidah yhsfrdlaihs djKhla

yhsrcka fmfrdlaihs djKhla

idka yhsfrdlaf,dalaw, djKhla

mlaIKhg wod< ia;r yd ls%hdmmdh (

;kql c,Sh fmdgEish uex.fka^VII& djKfhka2 cm3 muK lelEre k


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whka III& whk iu`. ie,sis,sla w,fham%;sl%shdj^jK;sh- oDYH l%uh&


1' ixlSKfhys jKfha ;Sj%;dj whka III& idkaKhg iudkqmd; jk nj m%ldY

lrhs'

2' ixlSKfhys jKfha Wmu ;Sj%;dj u; m%;sl%shdf iafgdhslsfhda;sh ksKh

lrhs'

3' t u`.ska wod< ixlSKfha iQ;%h ,nd .kshs'

4' kE u jKj;a ixfhda.hl c,Sh djKhl oSidkaKh jK;sl WmlrK

Nd; fldg myiqfjka fih yels nj m%ldY lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK (

wefudaksh f*la i,afma ,jKh

^0.001 mol dm-3 Fe3+djKhlska 250 cm3&

0.001 mol dm-3ie,sis,sla w,h 250 cm3

fu;fkda,a50 cm3

mqkS," hqfrgq" kq ird" mud;sl ma,dial=

yrialv fCIa;%M, iudk mlaId k< kjhla

mlaIKhg wod< ia;r iy ls%hdmmdh (

hqfrgqj Nd;fhka" j.=j 1 yd 2 ys oelafjk m" k


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mlaId k< wxl 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0.001 mol dm-3

Fe3+ 5'0 5'0 5'0 5'0 5'0 5'0 5'0 5'0 5'0

djK mudj$cm3

0.001 mol dm-3

ie,sis,slaw, 1'0 2'0 3'0 4'0 5'0 6'0 7'0 8'0 9'0

djK mudj$cm3

c, mudj/ cm3 9'0 8'0 7'0 6'0 5'0 4'0 3'0 2'0 1'0

j.=j 1 yd 2 wkqj djK Y% l< miq ta ta mlaId k


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mlaIKhg wod< djK ms


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mlaIK wxlh ( 21 ^a& ksmqK;d ugu 6'8

mykais mlaIdj

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' ksjeros l%u Ys,am Nd; lr O f,day ,jK myka is mlaIdjg fhduq lrhs'2' myka is mlaIdf f,day ,jK oe,a,g ,nd fok jKh whk Yaf,aIKh

i|yd fhdod .; yels nj ms


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mlaIK wxlh ( 21 ^b& ksmqK;d ugu 6'8

wjlafIamk l%ufhka f;dard .;a legdhk i|yd mlaId lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' c,Sh udOHfhaMg2+, Ca2+,Ba2+,Al3+,Pb2+,Fe2+, Fe3+,Ni2+,Cu2+, Zn2+whk ykd

.ekSug ir, mlaId is lrhs'2' whk ykd .ekSf oStajdfha we;e ixfhda.j, djH;d ixikaokh lsu fhdod

.; yelsnj m%ldY lrhs'3' we;e legdhkj,ska djH ixlSK iEfok nj m%ldY lrhs'

4' d- f.dkqf legdhkj, jK ksCIKh lr tajd k lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK ( ue.akSish" le,aish" fh" weksh" f," whkaÎI&" whka III&" ksl,a" fldm

yd iskala hk f,dayj, c,fha djH ,jK ^fuu ,jK wdiQ; c,fha osh lr 0.1

mol dm-3muK idkaKhlskahq;a djK idod .kak'&

H2SO

4c,Sh djKh ^2 mol dm-3muK jk&

N H4OH c,Sh djKh ^4 mol dm-3muK jk&

NaOHc,Sh djKh ^4 mol dm-3muK jk&

mlaId k< lsysmhla

ie'hq'whkaÎI& iy whkaÎII& djK ms


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wd' Fe2+, Fe3+,Ni2+,Cu2+ydZn2+c,Sh djKj,ska 1 cm3ne.ska mlaId k< fjk

fjk u f.k" 4 mol dm-3 NH4OH djKh x jYfhka tl;= lrkak'

wjlafIamhla,enqKq miq j o m%;sldrlh jemqr tl;= lrkak' kslaIK igykalrkak'

igyk (

mlaIdj I w& ys oS M g2+djKfhka wjlafIamhlafkd ,ef' Ca2+djKfhka" ;=kS

j


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f;dard .;a wekdhk i|yd mlaId lsuwfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (

1' c,Sh djKfha fya,hsv whkj, m%;sl%shd wkdjrKh lr .kshs'2' is,aj fya,hsv u; ;kql khslaw,fha l%shdj ia;r lrhs'3' ;kql c,Sh wefudakshdys is,aj fya,hsvj, djH;dj mlaId lrhs'

4' c,Sh djKfhawe;s ,S2-yd whk wkdjrKh lr .kshs'

5' c,Sh udOHfhawe;s yd whk wkdjrKh lr .kshs'

6' uqla; jk ldnka vfhdlaihs jdhqj ykd .kshs'

7' icl k< Nd;fha l=i,;dj ,nd .kshs'8' wjlafIamKh u`.ska f*diaf*a whk wkdjrKh lr .kshs'

fya,hsv whk ykd .ekSujH yd WmlrK (

c,Sh Cl-, Br- yd I-whkj, 0.10 mol dm-3djK ^wkqrEm fidah" fmdgEishfyda wefudaksh ,jK jKh lsfuka ms


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yd S2-whk ykd .ekSu

wjYH jH yd WmlrK (

Na2SO4, Na2SO3, Na2S2O3yd Na2S^fyda wkqrEm fmdgEish ,jK& ;kql c,Sh NaOHdjKh ;kql yhsfrdlaf,dala w,h ;kql khsla w,h is,aj khsf% djKh 0.01 mol dm -3 Ba2+(aq)djKh 0.01 mol dm -3 Ni2+(aq)yd Cu2+(aq) djK mlaId kk;ajh 20 - 50 m A cm-2

wefkdavh ( ;U f,dayh

is,aj oHq;af,daydf,amkhNiSO

4.7H

2O 250 g" NiCl

2 45 g"fndala w,h ^H

2BO

3&30 g yd ielka

iaj,amhlac,h 1 dm3 ysjKh lrkak'iqiqWIaK;ajh 40 - 70 0C

Odrd >k;ajh 20 - 50 m A cm-2wefkdavh ( ksl,a f,dayh


rEm igyfka oelafjk mm:h ilia lr .kak'

oHq;afoHh lrhg f.k oHq;af,daydf,amkhg ,lalrk NdKav lef;davh

jYfhka i lrkak'

W; Odrdjla yd iqiqWIaK;ajhla imhkaoHq;a fokh is lrkak'

rEmh 40 (a)


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oHq;a ridhksl l%shdj,shla f,i u, neu mlaIKd;aul jwOHhkh lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' fidah laf,darhs wvx.= WodiSk fc, udOHfha hlv f,dayfha Ldokh

flfrys ue.akSish" iskala" fldm yd f, hk f,day we;s lrk n,mEmlaIKd;aul j wOHhkh lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK ( fm ismyla je,s lvodis ta.d 5 cm muK . hlv weK myla

fidah laf,darhs idka yhsfrdlaf,dalaw,h fmdgEish f*ihkhs djKh *sfkd,ama;e,ska 4 cmla muK . ue.akSish" iskala" fldm yd

f, hk f,dayj, isyska ;Sre tl ne.ska

mlaIKhg wod< ia;r iy ls%hdmmdh ( idka yhsfrdlaf,dalaw,fhys.s,ajk ,o hlv weK u| f,djlar;alrkak' tu weK isis,ac,fhka fydka fidaod hk fidah laf,darhs 7 glayd ta.d .a? 5 gla ^muK& lsrd .kak' c,h

250 cm3lamuK lrhlg oud r;alrkak' lrfhac,h r;a jQ miq lsrd .kakd,o fidah laf,darhs yd ta.d th ;=


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67


lvodis jKf,aL Ys,amh Nd;fhkajKl fjka lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' lvodis jKf,aL Ys,amh Nd;fhka Y%Khl ixrpl fjka l< yels nj m%ldY

lrhs'2' ixrpl fjkau" ixfhda.j, ip, yd wp, l,dmj, Nd. ix.=Klj, fjki

u; / mj;sk nj m%ldY lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK (

lelEre k


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68

igyk ( flaYdlIKh lrK fldg djlh lvodish f.a by


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69


jeis c,fha wd,sl;dj uYkh lsu

wfmalaIs; bf.kq M, (1' mlaIKh i|yd jeis c,h tl;=lr .kakd wdldrh ykd.kS'2' jeis c,fhapH w.h kslaIKh lrhs'

jH yd WmlrK (

Nd; lr bj;alrk ,o ug .kakd ma,dial c, fnda;,hla ^1l &

msis ma,dialafyda fmd,s;skanE.hlaZip - closing freezer bag&

rn mhla


ma,diala fnda;,fha by


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70

igyk

jeis c, idm, tl;=lsu - jeis c,h fjk;awmjH tl;= ulska f;drj tl;=lr.; hq;= h' tfuka u c,h tl;=lr.;a .i pH w.h uekSu isl< hq;= h'

isoaOdka;h

jeisc,h idudkH jYfhka wd,sl f' fuhg fya;=j jkafkajeisc,h C O2h

we;s ksid h' g wu;rj jeis c,fha ;j;a wd,sl jdhQkajk NO, NO2,SO

2, SO

3

jeks jdhqka h h yelsh'

N Ojdhqj TlaislrKh u.ska N O2iEfoa'

SO2jdhqj TlaislrKh u.ska SO3iEfoa'

fuu wfklajdhQka ksid jeis c,fha pH w.h my< w.hla .ekSug yelshdjla we;'


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71


kala, l%uh u.ska d; Tlaisckaugu ksKh lsu


1' c,fha osh jQTlaiscka idkaKh m%udKd;aul j fidhd .kshs'

2' idkaKh o< jYfhka okakd fidah ;fhdai,af*a djKhla whfvd;sl

wkqudmkhla u`.skam%dudKSlrKh lsf l=i,;dj ,nd .kshs'

3' whvhsvhlska ksoyiaflfrk whka" fidah ;fhdai,af*a u`.skam%udKd;aul

j fif l=i,;dj ,nd .kshs'

jH yd WmlrK (

uex.kSiai,af*a djKhla

^uex.kSia i,af*a 4 gla muK c,h 10 cm3 osh lsfuka&

laIdh fmdgEish whvhs djKhla fidah yhsfrdlaihs 5 gla muK iy

fmdgEish whvhs 1'5 gla muK c,h 10 cm3 l osh lsfuka&

msIag djKh ^msIagh 1 gla muK WKq c,h 10 cm3l osh lsfuka&

0'01 mol dm-3 fidah ;fhdai,af*a djKhla ^ Na2S

2O

3.5H

2O 2.48 g c,h

1000 cm3l osh lsfuka& fuu djKhg >k Na2CO

3iaj,amhla fyda CHCl

3

iaj,amhla fyda tl;= lrkak' tg djKfha is jk i,am wjlafIamKh

j


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1 mol dm-3 i,a*shqlaw,fhka5 cm3tlalrkak' idod .;afidah ;fhdai,af*a

djKh hqfrgqjg oud" wkqudmk ma,dial=f we;sdjKh iu`. wkqudmkh

lrkak' fuysoSwkqudmk ma,dial=j ks;r u fyd|ska fid,jkak' djKh


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fuu uex.kSiavfhdlaihs u`.ska wd,sl udOHfha oSwhvhs whk" whka njg

TlaislrKh flf'

fuu whka" fidah ;fhdai,af*a iu`. wkqudmkh lrhs'

by; m%;sl%shdj, iafgdhslsfhda;sh wkqj 2 mol la I

21 mol g o" I

21 mollaMnO

21 mol g o" MnO

21 molla O

21$2

molg o ;=,H f'

tu ksid 2 mol la O21$4 mol g ;=,H f'

^ 2 mol O21$4 mol)

hqfrgq mdGdxlj, idudkHh V k" jeh jQ m%udKh }

tu ksid 50 cm3c,fha we;sO2m%udKh }

c,h 1000 cm3 we;s O2m%udKh }

Documents

Draft Chemistry Practical Book Sinhala