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1
© 2
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Bak
er H
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corp
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ed. A
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© 2014 BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF USE: BY ACCEPTING THIS DOCUMENT, THE RECIPIENT AGREES THAT THE DOCUMENT TOGETHER WITH ALL INFORMATION INCLUDED THEREIN IS THE
CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PROPERTY OF BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED AND INCLUDES VALUABLE TRADE SECRETS AND/OR PROPRIETARY INF ORMATION OF BAKER HUGHES (COLLECTIVELY " INFORMATION"). BAKER HUGHES RETAINS ALL RIGHTS
UNDER COPYRIGHT LAWS AND TRADE SECRET LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND OTHER COUNTRIES. THE RECIPIENT FURTHER AGREES TH AT THE DOCUMENT MAY NOT BE DISTRIBUTED, TRANSMITTED, COPIED OR REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR
IN PART BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC, MECHANICAL, OR OTHERWISE, WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF BAKER HUGHES, AND MA Y NOT BE USED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN ANY WAY DETRIMENTAL TO BAKER HUGHES’ INTEREST.
Drilling & Drilling Fluid Developments
Brian Teutsch June 6, 2016
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Bak
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Safety Moment—Tire life
Structural integrity degrades over time May not be visually detectible Replace every 6 years (10 years max)
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Deepwater • ECD & weighting agents • Wellbore strengthening
materials (think “LCM”)
Silver; Solution in need of a problem; You
Fry; Problem in need of a solution; Me
Unconventionals • Challenges &
opportunities
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Bak
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Barite’s role in ECD
Fluid’s Static Density + Cuttings
Equivalent Static Density
“drag”
■ Control formation pressures
■ Promote wellbore stability
ppge
de
pth
Pore Pressure = 12.0 Frac Gradient = 13.0
Pressure “felt” by the Formation
ESD = 12.3 ECD = 12.8
Operating Window
+ Friction = Equivalent Circulating Density
ECD
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Bak
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Barite’s role in ECD
X µ
Less drag… But more sag
Less sag... But more drag
Fluid’s Static Density + Cuttings + Friction = Equivalent Circulating Density
Equivalent Static Density
“drag”
Pressure “felt” by the Formation
Viscosity can fix sag! I know that, dummy, but viscosity
increases drag and hurts ECD!
Buddy boy, just keep it thin and we can use velocity to carry those cuttings and
get ECD even lower! Oh yeah, well viscosity carries cuttings better and that helps ECD, too!
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Bak
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ed. A
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Barite’s role in ECD
Fluid’s Static Density + Cuttings + Friction = Equivalent Circulating Density
Equivalent Static Density
Is this Fact or Friction?
“drag”
Do the engineering and economics and see which is best for a given application!
Pressure “felt” by the Formation
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LCM vs. wellbore strengthening materials
LCM to clog up fractures
WBSM to immediately fill & seal new fractures
* Calcium carbonate * Synthetic graphite
* Barite * Nut plug
* Proprietary sealing agents
■ A rose by other names
■ Prevention instead of reaction
■ Mostly used in synthetic-based mud (SBM)
■ Preferred characteristics
– High compressive strength
– Resilient
– Wide range of sizes; TINY to HUGE
■ Good fluid properties (better than ever)
■ PPH vs. PPB ($)
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■ High focus on economics & efficiency
– Product cost
– Logistics
■ Relatively low focus on ECD
■ Solids tolerance of OBM
■ What about lubricity?
Grade Shift
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Lubricants in U.S. land
Product sales as a % of total sales, indexed to a base year
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD05
Lubricants as % of non Svc Revenue
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD05
Graphite Non-mineral
Product sales as a % of total lubricant sales, indexed to a base year
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0%
10000%
20000%
30000%
40000%
50000%
60000%
70000%
80000%
90000%
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Graphite Non-mineral Your big idea…
Product sales as a % of total lubricant sales, indexed to a base year …and extended into your imagination
Thank you!