11

DROUGHT MANAGEMENT

IN SPAIN

22

INDEX

1. Characterization2. Drought Management3. Next Steps

33

1. Characterization

4

Europe

Spain1. Characterization- Dry Spain Characteristics

Surface (km2) Average rainfall(mm) PET (mm) Natural Resources

(hm3/year)Ratio per

inhabitant

Segura RB 18.870 (3.7%) 365 827 803 (0,7%) 442 m³/hab/año

Spain 506.474 711 842 111.186 2.460 m³/hab/añoSource: Digital Book of Water /SRB Report 2008

55

1. Characterization- Segura River Basin, key figures

POPULATION Year 2009 1,969,370 (> 2,500,000 in summer)TOTAL LENGHT OF CHANNEL NETWORK (Km) 1,470IRRIGATION SURFACE (ha) 269,029SOURCES OF WATER RESOURCES (Hm3) Surface waters : 640, Groundwater: 220

Reutilization:110, TAJO-SEGURA WATER TRANSFER: 540

• AGRICULTURE: high productivity (average value production of 1.93 €/m³ and a net margin of 0,72 €/m³) but intensely water-consuming (it accounts for the 80% of the demand in the basin, 1.662 hm³/año)

• Reuse and Desalination

• High Pressure on resources.

• Water Scarcity & Droughts

Irrigated Surface in the Segura River Basin

66

0100200300400500600700800900

1.0001.1001.2001.3001.400

1930

-31

1935

-36

1940

-41

1945

-46

1950

-51

1955

-56

1960

-61

1965

-66

1970

-71

1975

-76

1980

-81

1985

-86

1990

-91

1995

-96

2000

-01

Vol

ume

(Hm

³)

Average of the long time series = 471,42 Hm³

Average of the short time series = 296,03 Hm³

1. Characterization: Segura RB-Water Scarcity and Droughts

-2,50

-2,00

-1,50

-1,00

-0,50

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

40/4

141

/42

42/4

343

/44

44/4

545

/46

46/4

747

/48

48/4

949

/50

50/5

151

/52

52/5

353

/54

54/5

555

/56

56/5

757

/58

58/5

959

/60

60/6

161

/62

62/6

363

/64

64/6

565

/66

66/6

767

/68

68/6

969

/70

70/7

171

/72

72/7

373

/74

74/7

575

/76

76/7

777

/78

78/7

979

/80

80/8

181

/82

82/8

383

/84

84/8

585

/86

86/8

787

/88

88/8

989

/90

90/9

191

/92

92/9

393

/94

94/9

595

/96

96/9

797

/98

98/9

999

/00

00/0

101

/02

02/0

303

/04

04/0

505

/06

06/0

707

/08

SPI EN LA DHSaños hidrológicos 1940/41 - 2007/08

Interannual accumulated runoff between

September 1931 and September 2009

77

2. Drought Management

88

LEGAL BACKGROUNDDrought Management Plans Origin: the National Hydrological Plan Law, released in 2001.

Drought Management Plans for all Spanish River Basins were endorsed in march, 2007.

2. Drought Management

MAIN OBJECTIVES of Drought Management Plans:

• ¿When?: It is very important because taking measures in advance is much more efficient than facing the drought effects.

• ¿How?: A sequence of measures activation should be established according to state of indicators, natural resources and expecteddrought evolution.

• ¿Who are the ones responsible for drought management?:Responsibility for the establishment, execution and monitoring of defined measures, as well as the coordination with stakeholders,should be assigned.

9

Marzo 06Septiembre 06

Fuente: http://www.marm.es

Marzo 07September 07 March 08

March 09September 08

September 09

1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

Normality (v>0,50)

Pre-warning (0,35<v<0,50)

Warning (0,20<v<0,35)

Emergency (v<0,20)

State index. Threshold Values

Emergency (v<0,50); Warning (0,20<v<0,35); Pre-warning (0,35<v<0,50); Normality (v>0,50)

DROUGHT ACTION PLANS-DROUGHT INDICATORS

1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

Normality (v>0,50)

Pre-warning (0,35<v<0,50)

Warning (0,20<v<0,35)

Emergency (v<0,20)

State index. Threshold Values

Emergency (v<0,50); Warning (0,20<v<0,35); Pre-warning (0,35<v<0,50); Normality (v>0,50)

DROUGHT ACTION PLANS-DROUGHT INDICATORS

2. Drought Management- INDICATORS

March 10July 10

1010

DROUGHT ACTION PLANS-DROUGHT INDICATORS

Updated information can be checked at:https://www.chsegura.es/chs_en/cuenca/sequias/gestion/index.html

2. Drought Management- Segura River Basin Drought Indicator

Evolución del Índice de Estado del Sistema Cuenca

00,05

0,10,15

0,20,25

0,30,35

0,40,45

0,50,55

0,60,65

0,70,75

0,80,85

0,90,95

11-

mar

-05

1-m

ay-0

51-

jul-0

51-

sep-

051-

nov-

051-

ene-

061-

mar

-06

1-m

ay-0

61-

jul-0

61-

sep-

061-

nov-

061-

ene-

071-

mar

-07

1-m

ay-0

71-

jul-0

71-

sep-

071-

nov-

071-

ene-

081-

mar

-08

1-m

ay-0

81-

jul-0

81-

sep-

081-

nov-

081-

ene-

091-

mar

-09

1-m

ay-0

91-

jul-0

91-

sep-

091-

nov-

091-

ene-

101-

mar

-10

1-m

ay-1

01-

jul-1

01-

sep-

10

Índi

ce d

e es

tado

Sistema Cuenca

Límite normalidad - prealerta

Límite prealerta - alerta

Límite alerta - emergencia

Alerta

Prealerta

Normalidad

Emergencia -2,50

-2,00

-1,50

-1,00

-0,50

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

40/4

141

/42

42/4

343

/44

44/4

545

/46

46/4

747

/48

48/4

949

/50

50/5

151

/52

52/5

353

/54

54/5

555

/56

56/5

757

/58

58/5

959

/60

60/6

161

/62

62/6

363

/64

64/6

565

/66

66/6

767

/68

68/6

969

/70

70/7

171

/72

72/7

373

/74

74/7

575

/76

76/7

777

/78

78/7

979

/80

80/8

181

/82

82/8

383

/84

84/8

585

/86

86/8

787

/88

88/8

989

/90

90/9

191

/92

92/9

393

/94

94/9

595

/96

96/9

797

/98

98/9

999

/00

00/0

101

/02

02/0

303

/04

04/0

505

/06

06/0

707

/08

SPI EN LA DHSaños hidrológicos 1940/41 - 2007/08

11

2. Drought Management- Other parameters

The Spanish Ministry of the Environment and Rural and Marine Affairs publishes weekly Drought reports (pdf format) where the following parameters, among others, can be checked: (http://www.mma.es/portal/secciones/aguas_continent_zonas_asoc/ons/mapa_informe_ons/informes_cuenca.htm)

• 1. Drought indicator (assessed monthly)

• 2. Soli Moisture

• 3. Precipitation

• 4. Water in reservoirs

• 5. Normalized Surface Drought Index

12

3 4 5

12

2. Drought Management- MEASURES

Several measures are defined in the Drought Management Plans of the river basins. Some of them are listed below: Weekly monitoring System

New desalination plants were constructed

OPERATION OF THE WELL STRATEGIC NETWORK

Emergency investments in new infrastructures to increase water resources or to improve demand management.

Water rights transfer, using water transfer infrastructure (up to70 hm3/year)

Restrictions to irrigation supply, up to 50%

Improving installations and networks to reduce water losses.

Modernization of irrigation systems

Economic measures to compensate farmers for water supply restrictions.

Administrative measures, including a drought decree to improve water resource management

1313

Abstracted volume at the end of the Hydrological year.

Total Volume (2004/09) = 492,44 Hm3

43,582

105,8390,66

128,96 123,5

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009

Hm

32. Drought Management- MEASURES

WELL STRATEGIC NETWORK

200210220230240250260270280290300

02/07 06/07 10/07 02/08 06/08 09/08 01/09 05/09 09/09 01/10

Peralejo III

Peralejos Wells:• 1. Abstraction• 2. Water level in wells

12

1414

3. Next Steps

15

3. Next steps

Expert Network on Water Scarcity & Drought:•MAIN TASKS (among others):

• Support the definition of commonly accepted indicators for water scarcity and for droughts in Europe.• Support the creation of Drought Risk Maps, through commonly agreed methodology and scales.

• Lead countries: Spain, France and Italy

The Segura River Basin has been selected by the Spanish Ministry of the Environment and Rural and Marine Affairs as the SPANISH PILOT RIVER BASIN, within the Expert Network on Water Scarcity and Droughts.

Revision of Drought Management Plans:After the last drought period, a revision of all Drought Management Plans is been carried out at National level

1616

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

For further information, please visit: http://www.chsegura.es

Contact information:Adolfo Mérida Abril

Confederación Hidrográfica del Seguraadolfo.merida@chsegura.es