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D
rug
Disc
over
ySt
eve
Blo
om
Impe
rial
’s m
issi
on
Impe
rial C
olle
ge d
eliv
ers e
duca
tion
and
rese
arch
in sc
ienc
e,en
gine
erin
g, m
edic
ine
and
busi
ness
, with
par
ticul
ar re
gard
to th
eir
appl
icat
ion
in in
dust
ry, c
omm
erce
and
hea
lthca
re.
Th
e ide
a
D
IAG
NOST
ICS,
DRU
GS,
EQ
UIP
MEN
T,
SOFT
WAR
E
Focu
sing
on
Dru
g D
isco
very
Uni
vers
ities
rare
ly to
set o
ut to
dis
cove
r a d
rug
Practicalities
D
rug
Idea
W
hat i
s“e
nabl
ing”
?
Wha
t are
Inte
llect
ual
Prop
erty
Rig
hts
(IPR
)
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
W
hy a
nd h
ow to
pate
nt
Pa
tent
ing
cost
sm
oney
Wha
t nex
t?
Pers
onal
exa
mpl
e: ◦Fo
und
a ho
rmon
e in
hum
an g
ut -
rele
ase
insu
lin a
fter
mea
ls an
d re
duce
d ap
petit
e.
◦Fo
und
anot
her
horm
one
rele
ased
by
food
whi
ch in
crea
sed
ener
gy e
xpen
ditu
re
◦C
ombi
ning
thes
e ga
ve v
ery
good
wei
ght l
oss i
n an
imal
s and
man
◦Problem: t
he h
orm
ones
onl
y la
st 1
0 m
inut
es
◦IF
we
coul
d m
ake
them
last
a w
eek
wou
ld b
e pr
actic
al fo
r w
eigh
t los
s.◦
Low
risk
◦N
atur
ally
rel
ease
d af
ter
mea
ls th
ree
times
a d
ay◦
Rai
sed
leve
ls ar
e pr
obab
ly h
ow b
ypas
s sur
gery
wor
ks
Dru
g Id
ea –
cur
e ob
esity
by
givi
ng sa
tiety
gut
horm
ones
H
ow to
mak
e a
ten-
min
ute
horm
one
last
aw
eek?
Had
idea
in 1
990,
wor
king
on
it ev
er si
nce
◦Hor
mon
es a
re 3
0 am
ino
acid
pep
tides
◦We
mad
e lo
ts o
f ana
logu
es (c
irca
6,00
0)
◦Big
MR
C g
rant
s to
do se
vera
l pha
se 1
firs
t tim
e in
man
tria
ls
◦Ini
tial a
ppro
ach
of sl
ow re
leas
e fr
om a
subc
utan
eous
dep
ot n
otad
equa
tely
effe
ctiv
e
◦Cur
rent
app
roac
h of
stic
king
to a
lbum
in w
orks
wel
l
Current
progress
◦Now
hav
e pe
ptid
es w
ith b
ig w
eigh
t los
s, la
st o
ver
a w
eek,
help
dia
bete
s and
pai
nles
s inj
ectio
n.◦T
hey
are
also
“dr
ugga
ble”
ie c
heap
to m
ake,
ver
y st
able
and
fully
pat
ente
d◦A
gro
up o
f us d
ecid
ed to
set u
p a
com
pany
“Zihipp”
◦Fun
ding
agr
eed
but k
nee
deep
in b
urea
ucra
cy◦S
econ
d sp
inou
t so
do h
ave
expe
rien
ce (fi
rst w
as “
Thia
kis”
and
was
sold
ver
y pr
ofita
bly)
Ham
mer
smith
Cam
pus
in W
est L
ondo
n
•3
Bill
ion
obes
e pe
ople
nee
d tr
eatm
ent
•80
0 ob
esit
y de
aths
eve
ry d
ay in
US
A•
No
med
icat
ion
wor
ks w
ell a
t pr
esen
t
•C
irca
1 b
illio
n w
ealt
hy o
bese
•M
arke
t pe
netr
atio
n of
, say
, 5%
•M
arke
t pr
ice,
say
, $60
per
wee
kly
inje
ctio
n•
Ann
ual c
ost
$3,0
00•
Ann
ual s
ales
$15
0,00
0,00
0,00
0•
Ove
r te
n ye
ar li
fe $
1.5
Trill
ion
licen
ce f
ees
to I
mpe
rial
Exci
ting
mar
ket p
oten
tial
28
Wha
t doe
s £3m
illio
n bu
y yo
u?
29
Dis
cove
ry
Dru
gabi
lity
Synt
hesi
sto
GM
P(£
0.5M
)B
ottle
-de
fined
cont
ent
and
stab
ility
(£ 0
.4M
)
Iden
tify
impu
ritie
s
Two
spec
ies
anim
alPa
thTo
x(£
0.6M
)If
safe
,su
bmit
toM
HR
Aan
dEt
hics
for
Phas
e 1
in m
an
SAD
(£0.
6M)
1 m
onth
MA
D (£
0.6M
)
Dev
elop
ava
lidat
edas
say
(£0.
3M)
30
●Im
peria
l Col
lege
Lon
don’
s job
is to
wor
k w
ith In
dust
ry
●W
e ha
ve a
long
his
tory
of c
omm
erci
aliz
ing
(lice
nses
, cop
yrig
ht a
nd sp
inou
ts)
●G
ener
ates
REF
impa
cts a
nd is
in li
ne w
ith g
over
nmen
t stra
tegy
●D
rug
disc
over
y is
a b
enefi
t to
UK
Ltd
●B
ig fi
nanc
ial b
enefi
t to
Col
lege
and
Fac
ulty
thro
ugh:
1) sh
ares
2) m
ilest
one
paym
ents
3) li
cenc
e fe
es
Conclusion
1.D
rug
disc
over
y in
dust
ry is
in Im
peri
al’s
miss
ion
2.Im
port
ant m
oral
cal
l is t
o am
elio
rate
suffe
ring
3.Ed
ucat
ion
in e
ntre
pren
eurs
hip
and
drug
dev
elop
men
tis
also
a U
nive
rsity
teac
hing
miss
ion
4.
Futu
re Im
peri
al fi
nanc
ial r
etur
n –
coul
d m
ake
the
Uni
vers
ity in
depe
nden
t of g
over
nmen
t fina
nce
5.N
ote
that
tim
e is
of th
e es
senc
e1.
Rac
e w
ith c
ompe
titor
s2.
Pate
nts o
nly
last
20
year
s
31
