Drug Unit Bellringer Chris is very excited for the weekend to begin. The new sequel to his favorite...
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Drug Unit
Drug Unit Bellringer Chris is very excited for the weekend to begin. The new sequel to his favorite video game is being released today. As he walks down
Bellringer Chris is very excited for the weekend to begin. The
new sequel to his favorite video game is being released today. As
he walks down the block toward the video game store, he hears
someone call his name. His new friend, Eric, is hanging out in the
alley with some students from school that Chris has heard are into
drugs. You want to try something new? asks Eric. Chris isnt sure
what to say. He likes Eric, but he doesn't want to get pressured
into doing drugs. Write a paragraph that describes three ways Chris
could avoid getting involved with drugs in this situation.
Slide 4
Substance Abuse Substance abuse includes the use of illegal
substances, as well as the misuse of legal substances. Medicines
cure and prevent disease. Sometimes medicines are accidentally used
in an improper way. At other times, medicines are intentionally
abused. Substance abuse is any medical unnecessary or improper use
of chemical substances for non-medical purposes. It includes the
overuse, or multiple use of a drug, use of an illegal drug or use
of a drug with alcohol.
Slide 5
Substance Abuse Some abused substances are illegal drug use,
chemical substances that people of any age may not lawfully
manufacture, possess, buy or sell. Using illegal drugs is a crime
called illicit drug use, the use or sale of any substance that is
illegal or otherwise not permitted. This includes the sale of
prescription drugs to those for whom the drugs are not
intended.
Slide 6
DEFINITIONS A drug is a chemical substance that has a direct
effect on the body. Drug abuse Taking drugs in ways not medically
intended. Drug use- Use of a legal drug. Dependence- A state
arising from the repeated administration of a drug, in which the
body relies on the effect produced by the drug. Physical
Dependence- The need to use a drug to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
Addiction. Another serious consequence is addiction, a
physiological or psychological dependence on a drug. An addict is
someone who requires persist compulsive use of a substance known by
the user to be harmful.
Slide 7
DEFINITIONS Psychological Dependence- Condition in which user
relies on a drug for a sense of well-being. Tolerance- The bodys
adjustment to the effects of a drug; results in the need for
increased dosages to achieve the same effects. Withdrawal- physical
and psychological symptoms that occur when users dependent on a
drug stop taking it. Rehabilitation- is the process of medical and
psychological treatment for physiological or psychological
dependence on drug or alcohol. Overdose- a strong, sometimes fatal
reaction to taking a large amount of a drug. Flashbacks- unwanted
recurrences of the drug's effects weeks or months after use.
Slide 8
Why people abuse drugs Boredom Availability Conformity = Peer
Pressure Curiosity Rebellion Escape Fun Family members Media
messages Perceptions of drug behavior Misleading information A
belief that drugs solve personal, social, or medical problems Role
models
Slide 9
How Drugs Enter the Bloodstream Swallowed Inhaled Smoked
Applied to the skin Injected Snorted
Slide 10
Patterns of Use Experimental Curiosity Social events Often not
repeated Occasional Social use Low risk Not integrated
Situational/recreational Certain activities Used for coping Intense
High does over time Habitual use for coping Dependence developing
Compulsive Out of control Dependence Interferes with family and
work
Slide 11
Drugs take a Heavy Toll In addition to the physical risks to a
persons health, substance abuse can damage all aspects of your
life. Consequences for the individual. Teens who use illegal drugs
may stop pursuing their interests and goals. Taking drugs lower
inhibitions, engage in sexual behavior which increase the risk of
STIs or acting recklessly. Drug use is also the leading factor in
teen depression and suicide. Teens who are involved in drug use are
more likely to be arrested are involved in crime, increased
violence, and accidental death.
Slide 12
Drugs take a Heavy Toll Consequences for Family & Friends
Teens who use illegal drugs may lose interest in healthy
activities. They may stop spending time with friends who value a
drug-free lifestyle. Family member who feel responsible for their
loved ones feel the burden of the emotional and financial cost of
drug abuse. Consequences for others. unborn baby Consequences for
Society. Crime violence, jobs, accidents death, and insurance. Drug
abuse costs the U.S. economy $180 billion per year.
Slide 13
Review Sect. 1 1.What is an overdose? 2.What are six ways drugs
enter your body? 3.Why might a person choose to try drugs? 4.Why
might an addiction to a drug become more expensive as the body
develops a tolerance to the drug? 5.Distinguish between substance
abuse and illicit drug use. How are these terms similar? How are
they different? 6.What is the difference between an experimental
user and a compulsive user?
Slide 14
Chapter 12 Section 2
Slide 15
Bellringer List some other common names for marijuana,
inhalants, and steroids.
Drug Chart Drug Classification Drug Name Slang Name How the
drug enters the body Short-term Effects Long-Term Effects Marijuana
Inhalants Anabolic Steroids
Slide 18
MARIJUANA
Slide 19
Marijuana is one of the most widely used illegal drugs.
Hashish, or hash is a stronger form of marijuana. Marijuana is
considered a possible gateway drug, a drug that may lead to the
user to try other, more dangerous drugs. All forms of marijuana are
mind-altering and can damage the users health. They all contain THC
(delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol), the main active chemical in
marijuana. They also contain more than 400 other chemicals.
Marijuana has been found to contain more cancer- causing agents
than is found in tobacco.
Slide 20
MARIJUANA Marijuana has some features of both depressants and
stimulants. Marijuana is used in some federally funded research
studies to treat cancer patients for nausea or experimentally for
glaucoma; in these uses, it is classified as a narcotic. THC can be
found in the fatty tissue of users and can remain in the body up to
a month after use.
Slide 21
MARIJUANA Drug Names: Cannabis Sinsemilla Hashish Hash oil
THC
Slide 22
MARIJUANA Slang Name Pot Grass Weed Chronic Reefer Joint Dope
Mary Jane Ganga Maui Wowee Roach
Slide 23
MARIJUANA How it enters the bloodstream Marijuana is a plant
whose leaves, buds, and flowers are usually smoked for their
intoxicating effects. Marijuana may also be included in some foods
and eaten to gain its intoxicating effects. Marijuana might also be
mixed in food or brewed as a tea. As a more concentrated, resinous
form it is called hashish and, as a sticky black liquid, hash
oil.
Slide 24
MARIJUANA Short-term Effects: Problems with memory and
learning; Distorted perception (sights, sounds, time, touch)
Trouble with thinking and problem-solving; Loss of coordination;
and Increased heart rate, anxiety. Mood changes Decreased
initiative and ambition Bloodshot eyes, dry mouth Weakened immunity
Increased appetite Mild euphoria or depression
Slide 25
MARIJUANA Long-Term Effects Increased risk of chronic pulmonary
disorders Decrease in testosterone levels for men Chronic
bronchitis Lung Cancer Psychological dependence requiring more of
the drug to get the same effect
Slide 26
INHALANTS
Slide 27
Some commercially available products produce fumes that can
make people high when inhaled. The body develops tolerance to
inhalants but no physical dependence. Repeated exposure to solvents
can cause serious damage to the body.
Inhalants Slang Name Snappers Poppers Locker room Rush Laughing
gas Whippets Bullet Climax Bolt
Slide 30
INHALANTS How the drug enters the bloodstream Bagging: Sniffing
or inhaling fumes that have been sprayed inside a paper or plastic
bag Huffing: Absorbing fumes from an inhalant-soaked rag that's
stuffed in the mouth Inhaling: gas such as helium or nitrous oxide
from a balloon
INHALANTS Long-term Effects: Damage to the heart, lungs, liver,
and kidneys Blindness Brain damage Paralysis Cardiac arrest Death
Poor memory, dementia Extreme mood swings Tremors Seizures
Slide 33
Signs of INHALANT ABUSE A sweetish, chemical smell on the
clothes or body Inflammation of the nostrils, frequent nosebleeds,
or a rash around the nose and mouth Poor appetite and loss of
weight Pale, bluish skin Watery, bloodshot eyes with dilated pupils
Slow, slurred speech Clumsy, staggering gait, and drunken
appearance.
Slide 34
ANABOLIC STEROIDS
Slide 35
Anabolic-androgenic steroids the class of drugs is androgenic
(promoting masculine characteristics- testosterone) anabolic
(tissue building) steroids (the class of drugs). Steroid use can
result in unnatural muscle growth. When combined with physical
conditioning, steroids can increase muscle strength, but the
tendons and ligaments do not get stronger which can lead to
injury.
Slide 36
ANABOLIC STEROIDS Anabolic steroids are synthetic drugs that
can simulate the male hormone testosterone. Doctors occasionally
prescribe anabolic steroids in low doses for patients who suffer
from cancers and anemias that do not respond to usual treatments,
but special attention is given to minimize the side effects.
STEROIDS How the drug enters the body Anabolic steroids can be
taken orally injected intramuscularly rubbed on the skin when in
the form of gels or creams. Many steroid users take two or more
kinds of steroids at once. Called stacking, this way of taking
steroids is supposed to get users bigger faster.
Slide 40
STEROIDS Side effects (males) Acne Baldness Roid Rage
Aggressive behavior may suffer from paranoid jealousy, extreme
irritability, delusions, and impaired judgment stemming from
feelings of invincibility. Gynecomastia- female breasts Kidney,
liver, immune Impotence High blood pressure Bloating Heart disease
Jaundice Insomnia Shrinking of testes Growth deficits
Headaches
Slide 41
STEROIDS Short-Term Effects (FEMALE) Reduced breast size
Enlarged clitoris (a very sensitive part of the genitals) Increase
in facial and body hair Deepened voice Menstrual problems "Roid
rage" - severe, aggressive behavior that may result in violence,
such as fighting or destroying property Severe mood swings
Hallucinations - seeing or hearing things that are not really there
Paranoia - extreme feelings of mistrust and fear Anxiety and panic
attacks Depression and thoughts of suicide An angry, hostile, or
irritable mood Liver, kidney, cardiovascular disease
Slide 42
Long-Term Effects of Steroids for Men and Women Cardiovascular
disease (heart attack & stroke) Increases LDL and lowers HDL
which increases the risk of atherosclerosis
Slide 43
Review 1.What is the main ingredient found in marijuana? 2.What
are inhalants? 3.Why does using steroids for increasing muscle
strength often result in injury? 4.What does the term huffing mean?
5.How do the effects of steroids differ in males and females?
6.What does the term roid rage mean?
Slide 44
Chapter 12 Section 3
Slide 45
Psychoactive Drugs Drug Classification Drug name Slang Name How
it is taken Short- term Effects Long- Term Effects Stimulants
Depressants Opiates/ Narcotics Hallucinogens
Slide 46
PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS The central nervous system (CNS) is
amazingly complex. Every human activity, from bending a finger to
solving complicated problems involves the CNS. Psychoactive drugs,
chemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity
in the brain, change the functioning of the CNS.
Slide 47
STIMULANTS
Slide 48
Stimulants are a class of drugs that elevate mood, increase
feelings of well-being, and increase energy and alertness.
Stimulants often produce a feeling of euphoria in users. Users are
exhausted and often depressed after use. Examples of stimulants
include:Cocaine,Crack, Meth, Caffeine, Ritalin,Amphetamines
STIMULANT Slang Names Uppers Speed Meth Crank Bumble bees Nose
candy ICE Black beauties Coke Rock Hearts White crosses Crystal
Toot
Slide 51
Stimulants How the drug enters the body Swallowed in pill form
"Snorted" in powder form, through the nostrils, where the drug is
absorbed into the bloodstream through the nasal tissues Injected,
using a needle and syringe, to release the drug directly into a
vein Heated in crystal form and smoked (inhaled into the
lungs).
Slide 52
STIMULANTS Short-term Effects Talkativeness and sociability.
Extreme mental alertness. Nervousness and jumpiness. Anxiety,
especially about being caught using. Irritability. Paranoia.
Diminished decision-making ability. Insomnia. Tremors and
dizziness. Muscle twitches and spasms. Violent behavior. Dry mouth.
Constricted blood vessels. Dilated pupils. Decreased appetite.
Abdominal pain and nausea. Blurred vision. Fever. Increased heart
rate and blood pressure. Lost self-control. Heavy sweating
Performing repetitive, meaningless tasks
Slide 53
STIMULANTS Long-Term Effects Gangrene (rot) of bowels and other
body parts from lack of blood flow. Irritability and mood
disturbances. Auditory hallucinations (imaginary sounds that seem
real.) Formication - The sensation that insects are crawling under
the skin. Headaches. Convulsions. Seizures. Coma. Heart Disease,
Altered heart rhythm, Chest pain. Very high or very low blood
pressure Heart attack Tooth decay Brain damage similar to
Alzheimers disease or Parkinsons disease Death Auditory
hallucinations and delusions Burns in mouth and on hands from
smoking. "Tracks" - puncture marks on arms or wherever injections
are made. Infections and sores associated with injection tracks.
Incontinence (inability to control urination and/or bowel
movements.) Brain infections - both bacterial and fungal, sometimes
leading to abscesses. Weight loss and malnourishment due to
decreased appetite for food. Confusion, paranoia, Lung disease
Kidney damage Liver damage Seizures, convulsions
Slide 54
Stimulants Cocaine Cocaine is a rapidly acting powerful and
highly addictive stimulant. Cocaine is a white powder extracted
from the leaves of the coca plant. It is widely cultivated in
Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and Columbia, currently the source of some
80 percent of the world's cocaine. Cocaine is the world's most
powerful naturally occurring stimulant. Crack is a dangerous form
of cocaine, also called rock or freebase rock. Crack reaches the
brain in 10 seconds after being smoked or injected.
Slide 55
Stimulants Methamphetamine Meth is a white, odorless powder
that easily dissolves in alcohol or water. In addition,
methamphetamine is more widely available, at lower prices, than
most other illicit drugs. Unlike cocaine or heroin, methamphetamine
can be purchased easily in small towns and large all across the
United States, especially in the West and Midwest. Plus, it costs
about 1/4 as much as cocaine and its high lasts 12-20 times as
long. People who use meth can stay up for days without thinking
they need sleep
Slide 56
Stimulants Meth
Slide 57
Depressants
Slide 58
DEPRESSANTS Depressants, or sedatives lower inhibitions by
depressing the central nervous system. They can induce sleep and
slow down most body functions, such as breathing, muscular
coordination, speech, movement and manual dexterity. All
depressants are physically addictive. Withdrawal can be extremely
difficult and even life threatening if not supervised by medical
experts. The use of alcohol and barbiturates together causes more
deaths than any other combination of drugs.
DEPRESSANTS Slang Names Yellow Jackets Reds Blues Purple hearts
Ludes Barbs R2 Roofies Downers Booze Qs Phennies Rainbow Blue
Heaven Georgia Home Boy Liquid ecstasy Roach
Slide 61
Depressants How drug enters the body Injected Swallowed
Slide 62
DEPRESSANTS Short-term Effects Slowed breathing Poor
coordination Slower reactions Slurred speech Blurred vision
Dizziness Drowsiness Poor thought process Loss of consciousness
Loss of reflexes
Slide 63
Depressants Long-Term Effects Unconsciousness up to four hours
Seizures Coma Death Amnesia Depression addiction
Slide 64
Depressants Date Rape drugs Rohypnol, or roofies, are
depressants that are colorless, odorless, and tasteless. It is a
surgical anesthetic or sleeping pill used legally by doctors around
the world. It is about 10 times more potent than most common
prescription sleeping pills. Rohypnol is illegal in the U.S. and
Canada, but is smuggled in from other countries. Because victims
are likely to suffer amnesia, it is often impossible for the victim
to tell the details of a rape or assault. Victims are often aware
that they have been sexually assaulted, but they can't explain how
it happened. The newer version of Rohypnol will turn blue when it
is put in a drink, and it will take longer to dissolve.
Slide 65
Depressants Date Rape drugs GHB is another CNS depressant. It
is available as a clear liquid, a white powder, and in a variety of
tablets and capsules Effects kick in about after 10 minutes, and
last about 4 hours.
Slide 66
Opiates/Narcotics
Slide 67
OPIATES/NARCOTICS Opiates or narcotics, are drugs such as those
derived from the opium plant that are obtainable only by
prescription and are used to relieve pain. They depress or slow
down the central nervous system. They provide pain relief without
loss of consciousness. Narcotics have a high potential for physical
addiction.
Slide 68
NARCOTICS Drug Names: Opium Morphine Codeine Heroin Percocet
Demerol Fentanyl
Slide 69
Narcotic Slang Names Junk Smack Downers Barbs Horse Mud
Hillbilly Heroin Oxy 80s M Scag Black Tar Brown sugar Miss Emma
School boy Percs
Slide 70
Narcotics/Opiates How the drug enters the body Injected
Swallowed Snorted smoked
Slide 71
Narcotics/Opiates Short-term Effects One-to-two minute "rush."
Warm flushing of the skin. Dry mouth. Heavy feeling in arms and
legs. Nausea. Vomiting. Severe itching. Drowsiness and confusion
for up to six hours. Slowed heart rate. Slowed breathing rate.
hallucinations
Slide 72
Narcotics/Opiates Long-term Effects Addiction Coma Death
Tolerance dependency AIDS Endocarditis hepatitis from contaminated
syringes
Slide 73
Hallucinogens
Slide 74
HALLUCINOGENS Hallucinogens are drugs that alter moods,
thoughts, and sense perceptions, including vision, hearing, smell,
and touch. Some cause short-term euphoria, a feeling of intense
well- being or elation. Unlike stimulants and depressants, which
have many well-researched counterparts, most hallucinogens, or
psychedelics, are manufactured or grown illegally. Extended
scientific testing has not been done on these drugs. Although some
users do not hallucinate, others report seeing music or smelling a
sound.
HALLUCINOGENS Slang Names Angel dust PCP Acid LSD Purple haze
White lightning Love Drug Disco biscuits Super grass Hog Buttons
microdot Special K Adam Shrooms XTC Hug Sunshine Magic
mushrooms
Slide 77
Hallucinogens How the drug enters the body Snorted Smoked
Swallowed Put on the tongue to dissolve injected
Slide 78
HALLUCINOGENS Short-term Effects unconsciousness hallucinations
amnesia agitation violence confusion difficulty hearing
understanding or speaking Distorted sense of time Poisoning
(shrooms) Delusions Illusions Flashbacks numbness Tremors Loss of
appetite Panic Nausea Inability to feel pain
Slide 79
HALLUCINOGENS Long-Term Effects: Flashbacks Coma Death Memory
loss Difficulty speaking Impaired thinking ability Depression
Unwanted weight loss Mood disorder Psychological dependence
Anxiety
Slide 80
Drug Use and Pregnancy Many drugs are toxic to the fetus,
especially in early pregnancy. Even common drugs such as aspirin,
antibiotics, and birth control pill can affect the fetus.
Slide 81
Drug Use and Pregnancy Women who use drugs during pregnancy can
cause the following: miscarriage still birth Premature birth Low
birth weight hyperactivity Addiction and withdrawal symptoms
Learning disabilities Deformities Mental retardation
Slide 82
Chapter 12 Section 4
Slide 83
Drug Abuse Affects the Individual Many drug users would like to
think the consequences of drug use wont affect them. Drug use can
lead to: Car accidents Accidental injury or death Violence &
other criminal activity Unplanned pregnancy Sexually Transmitted
Diseases
Slide 84
Drug abuse and crime Making or selling drugs Addiction is
expensive so they steal or sell drugs to ge money to buy drugs
2/3-3/4 of people arrested for violent crimes were on drugs when
their crimes were committed. 83
Slide 85
Drug Abuse Affects the Family Affects trust Warning signs of a
user Unusual emotional reactions to situations Withdraws from
family activities Repeatedly breaks household or school rules Hangs
out with different friends Starts to dress differently 84
Slide 86
Drug abuse & Violence 25-50% of all family violence is drug
related. 75% of female victims of domestic violence are attacked by
someone who was high or drunk. 85
Slide 87
Drug Abuse and Pregnancy Drugs dangerous to mother and unborn
child Premature birth Low birth rate Variety of developmental
problems Newborn could be physically dependent on that drug
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: drug withdrawal that occurs in
newborn infants whose mothers were frequent drug users during
pregnancy 86
Slide 88
Drug Abuse Affects Society Statistics: 1962: 4 million
Americans had tried an illegal drug 2002: 90 million Americans have
tried an illegal drug Drug Abuse & Economics Economic costs:
$181 billion in 2002 Loss of productivity at work Accidental
injuries Car crashes Suicide Overdose Healthcare costs: $16 billion
in 2002 87
Slide 89
Drug Abuse and Crime Statistic: 2002: Cost of drug-related
crime was $108 billion 2002: Money that all 50 states spent on
state-supported colleges: $108 billion 1983: Ratio 1-11 prisoners
were jailed for drug related crime. 2002: 1-4 prisoners were jailed
for drug related crime. 88
Slide 90
Drug Abuse Affects Everyone Physical, mental, emotional
injuries from drug-related domestic violence. Health problems in
babies born to mothers who abused drugs. Injury resulting from
drug-related car accidents. Loss of job productivity resulting from
drug use. Diseases caused by drug abuse. 89
Slide 91
Treatment for Drug Addiction Recovering: the process of
learning to live without drugs. Need support 12-step programs
Outpatient counseling Residential communities 90
Slide 92
Principles That Describe Effective Drug Abuse Treatment No
single treatment works for everyone Should be available & easy
to access Addresses other problems that the abuser has, not just
the addiction. The longer the abuser stays in treatment, the more
effective it is. Group therapy is useful Medications can be an
important part in the treatment.
Slide 93
Treatment continued Mental illness should be treated with the
addiction. Intervention: Confronting a drug user about the abuse
problem to stop him/her from using drugs. Monitor for continued
drug use. Treatment programs for HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B & C
Watch for relapse: Return to using drugs while trying to
recover.
Slide 94
Saying No to Drugs Practice saying NO Be firm, calm, and
confident Buy yourself time: find a place where you can be alone
& think about what you can do to get out of the situation,
(i.e. go to the bathroom) Give good reasons why you choose not to
do drugs 93
Slide 95
Saying No continued State the consequences..I dont want to get
arrested like Mary. Suggest an alternate activity. Walk away Live
Drug Free MADD SADD These organizations provide a safe place to
have fun without having to face the pressure of using drugs.
Slide 96
Activities for Drug Unit Choose a partner or work alone. 12
verse rap or poem Editorial pertaining to drugs 10 Question
Interview Article in the Newspaper pertaining to drugs What is
expected: Rap, poem, editorial, interview, or newspaper article
given to teacher before you present to the class
Slide 97
Rap Decide how you want to present the rap. Speak loudly enough
and clearly enough for the class to hear. May play music with your
rap, no profane words
Slide 98
Editorial What is the main idea of the editorial? What drugs
are mentioned in the editorial? Who is involved? What were the
consequences of being involved with drugs? When did the incident in
the editorial happen? Where did the incident happen?
Slide 99
Interview From the perspective of: Examples: Pregnant mother on
drugs Police officer to drug offender Teenager to teenager
Parent/adult to teenager Someone who does drugs/someone who has
never done drugs
Slide 100
Newspaper Article What is the main idea of the article? What
drugs are mentioned in the article? Who is involved? What were the
consequences of being involved with drugs? When did the incident in
the article happen? Where did the incident happen?