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13th DELHI SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUMMIT

The Global Challenge of Resource-Efficient Growth and Development

D S D S 2 0 1 3

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1DSDS 2013 PROCEEDINGS



D S D S 2 0 1 3

Contents

Foreword 5

Acknowledgements 6

BackgroundNote 7

Agenda 8

InauguralSession 16

SustainableDevelopmentLeadershipAward 20

LeadershipPanels 21

MinisterialSessions 27

KeynoteAddressesandConversations 33

PlenarySessions 39

ThematicTracks 53

ReceptionsandLaunches 69

ValedictorySession 74


Thepopulationoftheworldatthebeginningofthe20thcenturywas2billion.Today,wehaveaglobalpopulationofover7billion,andinthenextfewdecadeswemaybeaddinganother2to3billiondependingonthelevelatwhichstabilizationofthepopulationtakesplace.Atthesametimeincomeshavegrownandconsumptionpatternshavechangedsubstantially.Modernscienceandtechnologyhasmadeitpossibleforgoodsandservicestobeproducedatincreasinglylowercostsinthemarketplace.However,inseveralcasesthisincreasecomeswithasubstantial increaseincostsimposedontheenvironment,theecosystemsofthisearth,andthenaturalresourcesthatweutilizeforproductionandconsumptionactivities.Asaresult,severalnaturalresourcesacrosstheglobehavebeendamagedordegradedtoanextentthattheservicesthattheyprovidearebeingaffectedadversely.Therearealsochallengesforsomerelatedtoaccessandavailabilityofalargerangeofresourcessuchasfossilfuels,minerals,metals,andbio-resourcesofvariouskinds.Competitionbetweencommunitiesandnationsforaccesstotheseresourcesoftenleadstoconflictandtension.

Againstthisbackgrounditisimperativethathumansocietycomesupwithappropriatesolutionsformeetingtheglobalchallengeofresource-efficientgrowthanddevelopment.Responsetothischallengewouldrequirethedevelopmentanddeploymentofappropriatetechnologies, policies that aim to internalize the cost of negative externalities imposed on the environment, the strengtheningof the institutions thatwouldenable someof thesemeasures tobe implementedeffectivelyandchanges in lifestyles towards thesameobjectives.

The13thDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummitwhichwasheldinNewDelhifrom31Januaryto2February,2013focusedonarangeof these issues,so that theglobalsocietycancome togripswithmeasuresandmethodologiesbywhichwecanattain resource-efficientgrowthanddevelopment.TheSummitwasattendedbysomeofthemostenlightenedleadersfromvariouswalksoflifeandfromdifferentpartsoftheglobe.AfusionofthoughtcomingfromsuchalargerangeofenlightenedindividualsandrepresentativesofinstitutionsofexcellencehasresultedintheproceedingsoftheSummitwhicharesynthesizedinthefollowingpages.Thereisnoweveryreasontoensureadherencetothedefinitionofsustainabledevelopment,whichwhilemeetingtheneedsofthepresentgenerationshouldalsoensurethattheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneedsisnotcompromised.Indeed,resource-efficientgrowthanddevelopmentwouldensurethattheearth’sscarceresourcesarenotplunderedanddamagedtocompromiseonthewelfareoffuturegenerations.Theresponsibilityisoursandthesolutiontothismonumentalchallengeisarticulatedinthefollowingpages.

ForewordDr R K PachauriDirector-General, TERI

6 DSDS 2013 PROCEEDINGS

TheDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummit(DSDS)servesasavitalplatformfornationsoftheworldtodiscussanddebatestrategiesintherealmofsustainabledevelopmentandexploreavenuesforsynergy.TheSummitallowsrepresentativesfromdifferentwalksoflife;namely,polity,economy,academics,andcivilsocietytocontributetotheformulationofeffectivepoliciesthatwouldbenefitboththepeopleandtheplanet.

The13theditionofTERI’sflagshipeventwasinauguratedbytheHon’blePrimeMinisterofIndia,DrManmohanSingh,forthefourthtimeinarow.TheSummitwasgracedbythepresenceofcurrentandformerHeadsofState,ministersfromfourteencountries,overonehundredeminentspeakersfromacrosssectorsandcountries,andoverathousanddelegates.HEMrJamesAlixMichel,PresidentofSeychelles,wasconferredtheninthSustainableDevelopmentLeadershipAwardforhisoutstandingcontributionstowardssustainabledevelopmentinSeychellesandplacingtheissuesofsmallislandstatesontheglobalagenda.

Thedebatesatthe13theditionofDSDSwillhelpfurthertheresolutionsoftheRio+20Conferencedelineatedinthedocumententitled–The Future We Want,whichdesiresinclusiveandequitableeconomicgrowth,greateropportunitiesandreductionofinequalitiesacrosstheglobe. The theme ‘TheGlobalChallengeofResource-efficientGrowthandDevelopment’providedan ideal setting fordebateanddiscussionwithadiversearrayofdisciplinesandcountries.TheSummitwitnessedrelevantstakeholders,includingthescientificcommunity,deliberatethewayforwardonthepathofresource-efficiency,bothfordevelopingaswellasdevelopedcountries.

Wearegratefultoallthehigh-leveldignitaries,speakers,participants,anddelegatesforcontributingtotheengagingdiscussionsandmakingtheSummitasuccess.Theirviewsandinsightswillhelptakeusallfurtheralongthepathofsustainabledevelopment—‘TowardstheFutureWeWant’.

The‘InConversation’sessionswereinspiringandcaptivatedtheaudience.NobellaureateProf.CarloRubiafocusedonstrengtheningthescience–policyinterface,whilemediamogulMrThomasFriedmanspokeofcapitalism,MotherNature,andtheinter-dependenceoftheworld.

TheSummitintroducedanewfeature,ThematicTracks—asetofparallelbreak-awaysessionstoenablegreaterinteractionandin-depthdiscussiononnichetopicsrelatingtotheoverallSummittheme.Theresponsefromtheparticipantswasheartening,encouragingustocontinuethisfeatureatthenexteditionoftheSummit.TheThematicTrackpartnersdeserveaspecialmentionfortheirgreatsupport,ideas,andencouragementinmakingthesesessionsasuccess.

DSDS 2013 would not have been possible without the magnanimous support of all our Summit partners, from across governments,bi- andmulti-lateralorganizations,andcorporates.Notonlydid theyprovide theSummitwith thenecessary financial support tomakeourplansareality,theirencouragementandcontinuousguidancegaveustheimpetustostriveforgreaterambitionsandfurtherimprovethe quality and success of the Summit. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) deserves special mention for their continuedsupport.TheDSDSSecretariatandcolleaguesfromacrosstheInstitutedeservecreditfortheiruntiringefforts,cooperation,andsupport.

AcknowledgementsDr Annapurna VancheswaranDirector, Sustainable Development Outreach Division, TERI


Over thepast50years, voicesofwisdomhavebeenwarningall ofus that the inexhaustibilityof theearth’s resourcescannotbetaken forgranted. In1968,GarrettHardin, abiologist,whohad the talentand insight tocomprehendwhathumanactivitiesweredoingtotheearth’scommons,cameupwiththeterm,“TheTragedyoftheCommons”.Theinterpretationofthecommonsappliesasmuchtotheresourcesatthelocalandnationallevelsasitdoestocommonresourcesthatwederivebenefitsfromglobally.Also,inthe1960s,thepioneeringanddaringworkofRachelCarsonbroughttothesurfacethedangersofexternalitiesthatexcessiveuseofchemicals,pesticides,andtoxicmaterialscancausetoourecosystems,theresultsofwhichwereharmful tohumanhealthandeventothesuccessfulconductofeconomicactivities.RachelCarson’sworkassumedrelevancenotonlyinNorthAmerica,butalsoacrosstheglobe,suchasbroughtoutbytheMinamataprobleminJapanandunacceptablyhighlevelsofpollutionasaresultofrapidindustrializationinthecountry.

Inthedevelopedworld,pollutionlevelsatthelocallevelhavebeenmanagedsuccessfully,butanimportantproblemremainsandhasevenbecomeincreasinglyserious.Thisrelatestothecontinuinguseofvariousfiniteresources,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsandtheireffectsontheearth’sclimate,thestabilityofthechemicalcompositionoftheoceans,thepollutedundergroundwaterstreaminseveralpartsoftheworld,andthreatstotheearth’srichbiodiversity.Withapopulationof7billionpeopleandamajorityofhumanslivingintownsandcities,humansocietyisoftenunmindfuloftheimpactsofitsconsumptionandproductiondecisionsontheearth’sresources,which includecleanair, cleanwater,unpollutedoceans,healthysoil, andmineral resources, including fossil fuels.Therealizationhasdawnedonallofusthatunlesswecomeupwithapatternofgrowthanddevelopment,whichusesalltheseresourcesefficiently,wearelikelytoreachtippingpointsbeyondwhichresultswouldbeunacceptablynegativeandwouldcompromiseontheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneedswhileofcourse,adverselyaffectingtheabilityofthepresentgenerationtomeetitsneeds.Suchanoutcomewouldgoagainsttheverybasicdefinitionofsustainabledevelopment,andcouldplungehumansocietyintoadeclineofitsoverallwell-being,withsomeofthepoorestcommunitiesintheworldsufferingtheworstimpactsofthesetrends,whichhavenowbecomeapartofbusinessasusual.

Stakeholdersrepresentingeverysectionofhumansocietymustthereforecomeupwithdirections,strategies,andpoliciesbywhichthehumanracemovestowardsfarmoreefficientandsustainablemanagementofitsnaturalresources.Tothatend,DelhiSustaintableDevelopmentSummit(DSDS)2013providedauniqueplatformtothoughtleadersandthoseresponsiblefordecisionmakingineverysectionofthesocietytodeliberateonanddesignasetofdirectionsandpoliciesbywhichwereachalevelofresourceefficientgrowthanddevelopment,whichwouldservetheoverall,long-terminterestsofalllivingbeingsonthisplanet.Theunderlyingrealitythatwefacetodayclearlyemphasizesthefactthatwehaveonlyoneplanetanditsresourcescannotbedepleted,damagedordegradedwithoutadverseimplicationsforpeopleandtheplanet.Knowledgeandenlightenmentcanshowustheway,andthatiswhatwehopeDSDS2013hasprovidedinamplemeasure.

Background Note


AgendaDay 1: January 31, 2013

10:00–10:30am Inauguration by Dr Manmohan Singh,Hon’blePrimeMinisterofIndia

Inthepresenceof:HE Mr Donald Ramotar,PresidentofGuyanaHE Mr Anote Tong,PresidentofKiribatiDr Farooq Abdullah,Hon'bleMinisterofNewandRenewableEnergy,IndiaMs Jayanthi Natarajan,Hon’bleMinisterofState(I/C)forEnvironmentandForests,India

10:35–11:50am Leadership Panel 1: Defining the Future We Want

The Rio+20 Summit resulted in a document entitled ‘The Future We Want’. This has a large menu of activities and possible changes that the world is presented with for adoption and implementation. How can the current leadership pick up the relevant elements of this Agenda for implementation?

Chair:Ambassador C Dasgupta,DistinguishedFellow,TERI,IndiaSetting the Theme:Dr R K Pachauri,Director-General,TERI,India

HE Mr Donald Ramotar,PresidentofGuyanaHE Mr Anote Tong,PresidentofKiribatiHE Mr James Alix Michel,PresidentofSeychelles(videomessage)

12noon–1:00pm Lunch

1:00–2:15pm Ministerial Session 1: Ensuring Energy, Water, and Food Security

Ministers from around the globe will discuss the importance of good governance of rapidly depleting natural resources as well as best practices and policies for the future.

Chair:Mr Nitin Desai,DistinguishedFellow,TERIandFormerUnder-SecretaryGeneraloftheUnitedNations,India

HE Dr Mariyam Shakeela,MinisterofEnvironmentandEnergy,MaldivesMr Arvinn Eikeland Gadgil,Hon’bleDeputyMinisterforInternationalDevelopment,NorwayHE Mr Marcin Korolec,MinisteroftheEnvironment,PolandThe Hon’ble Jean-François Lisée, Minister of International Relations, La Francophonie and ExternalTrade,QuébecHE Dr Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs and Special Envoy for Energy andClimateChange,MinistryofForeignAffairs,UAE

Concluding Remarks:Dr Robert D Hormats, UnderSecretary,EconomicGrowth,EnergyandEnvironment,USDepartment ofState,USA


2:15–3:30pm Leadership Panel 2: Defining the Future We Want

The Rio+20 Summit resulted in a document entitled ‘The Future We Want’. This has a large menu of activities and possible changes that the world is presented with for adoption and implementation. How can the leadership share their experiences and pick up the relevant elements of this agenda for implementation?

Chair:Ambassador C Dasgupta,DistinguishedFellow,TERI,India

HE Ms Tarja Halonen,FormerPresidentofFinlandHE Mr Bharrat Jagdeo,FormerPresidentofGuyanaThe Hon’ble Jean Charest,FormerPremierofQuebecThe Rt Hon’ble Lord John Prescott,FormerDeputyPrimeMinisterandMemberofParliament,HouseofLords,UKThe Hon’ble Charles Crist,FormerGovernorofFlorida,USA

3:30–3:45pm Tea

3:45–5:00pm Corporate Perspectives on Resource-efficient Growth and Development

Multinational corporations and industries use large amounts of natural resources for production of goods and services. Acknowledging that businesses cannot afford to ignore social responsibility, eminent personalities will stress on the need to usher in resource-efficiency in business.

Moderator:Ms Bahar Dutt,EnvironmentEditor,CNN-IBN,India

Mr Michael Christiansen,ChairmanoftheBoard,DanishCulturalInstitute,DenmarkMr Krishan Dhawan,ChiefExecutiveOfficer,ShaktiSustainableEnergyFoundation,IndiaMr William Hammink,MissionDirector,USAID,IndiaMr Zubin Irani,SeniorManagingDirector–CommercialCompanies,UnitedTechnologiesCorporation(UTC),IndiaMr Mahesh Makhija,Director,BusinessDevelopment(Renewables),CLPIndiaPvt.Limited,IndiaMr Peter Bakker,President,WorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopment,SwitzerlandProf. Godfrey Boyle,ProfessorofRenewableEnergy,TheOpenUniversity,UK

5:00–6:15pm Accelerating the Transition to a Sustainable Economy

Senior representatives, including the Presidents, of the multilateral development banks (MDBs) will address the audience on the transition to a Sustainable Economy and the role of MDBs

Chair: Mr Roland Lance Ignon,Co-Director,NewYorkOffice,SitrickandCompany,USA

Keynote Addresses:

Mr Haruhiko Kuroda,President,AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippinesMr Donald Kaberuka,President,AfricanDevelopmentBank,Tunisia

Panelists:

Mr Rémi Genevey,ExecutiveDirector,AgenceFrancaisedeDeveloppement(AFD),FranceProf. François Mancebo,FullProfessor(PlanningandSustainability),RheimsUniversityandHeadof theInternationalResearchCenteronSustainability(IRCS)ofRheims,RheimsUniversity,France


Mr Dipak Dasgupta,PrincipalEconomicAdviser,MinistryofFinance,GovernmentofIndiaMr Seethapathy Chander,DirectorGeneral,RegionalandSustainableDevelopmentDepartmentconcurrentlyChiefComplianceOfficer,AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippinesMs Mary Barton-Dock,Director,ClimatePolicyandFinance,TheWorldBank,USA

6:15–6:45pm Creating a Sustainable Asia through Disaster Resilience and Green Growth

Building disaster resilience and achieving green growth continue to challenge the region. ADB introduces two studies. “Investing in Resilience” recommends solutions for achieving disaster resilience and “Low-Carbon Green Growth in Asia: Policies and Practices” examines opportunities for countries to meet demands for low carbon development.

Mr Haruhiko Kuroda,President,AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippinesDr Bindu N Lohani, Vice President, Knowledge Management and Sustainable Development, AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippines

6:45–7:30pm Reception and Launch of the 'Asia Leadership Programme on Sustainable Development & Climate Change'

Venue:Shahjahan

7:30pmonwards Dinner of Hope

InsupportofTERI’scommitmenttolightingabillionlives.

Guests of Honour:

Mr Digvijaya Singh,FormerChiefMinisterofMadhyaPradesh&GeneralSecretary,Congress(I),IndiaMs Chandresh Kumari Katoch,Hon’bleMinisterofCulture,India

Venue:Durbar

Day 2: February 1, 2013

9:00–10:15am Sustainability Challenges across Sectors

Representatives from various sectors of industry and organizations will deliberate on the challenges faced in implementing sustainability measures as well as possible solutions to be adopted.

Chair:Mr Roland Lance Ignon,Co-Director,NewYorkOffice,SitrickandCompany,USA

Mr Finn Andersen,SecretaryGeneral,DanishCulturalInstitute,DenmarkMr Glenn Schmidt,HeadofSteeringGovernmentAffairs,BMWAG,GermanyMr Bittu Sahgal,Editor,SanctuaryAsiaandSanctuaryCubMagazines,IndiaMr Venkatesh Valluri,Chairman&President,IngersollRand,IndiaMr Ali Tauqeer Sheikh,DirectorAsia,ClimateandDevelopmentKnowledgeNetwork,PakistanSir Jonathon Porritt,Co-Founder,ForumfortheFuture,UK

10:15–11:15am ‘In Conversation’ with Mr Thomas L Friedman

Chair: Mr Nitin Desai, Distinguished Fellow, TERI & Former Under-Secretary General of the UnitedNations,India

Mr Thomas L Friedman,ForeignAffairsColumnist,TheNewYorkTimes,USA


11:30am–1:00pm Thematic Tracks Venue

MakingIndividualMobilityLowCarbonandSustainable Shahjahan

ThematicConsultationonEnergy:Post-2015DevelopmentAgendaandtheEnergyFutureWeWantforAll(By invitation only)

Mumtaz

GlobalTrendsinSustainableProduction,Procurement,andSourcingofEdibleOils

Jehangir

1:00–1:45pm Lunch

1:45–3:00pm Ministerial Session 2: Ensuring Energy, Water, and Food Security

Ministers from around the globe will discuss the importance of good governance of rapidly depleting natural resources as well as best practices and policies for the future.

Moderator:Mr Siddharth Varadarajan,Editor,TheHindu,India

Lyonpo Dr Pema Gyamtsho,Hon’bleMinisterforAgricultureandForests,BhutanThe Hon’ble Marie-Hélène Aubert,AdvisertothePresidentofFrenchRepublicforInternationalNegotiationsonClimateandEnvironment,FranceDr Ryutaro Yatsu,Hon’bleVice-MinisterforGlobalEnvironmentAffairs,MinistryoftheEnvironment,JapanThe Hon’ble Marcelo Ebrard Casaubón,FormerMayor,MexicoCityGovernment,MexicoHE Mr Jean-Paul Adam,MinisterforForeignAffairs,SeychellesMs Annika Markovic,EnvironmentAmbassador,MinistryoftheEnvironment,Sweden

3:00–4:15pm Employment and Growth Benefits of a Green Economy

There is now significant evidence of the complementarity of growth potential of green economic policies. Countries which have experience in this area can provide significant knowledge and information on the employment and growth benefits of a green economy.

Moderator:Mr Mik Aidt,Journalist,DanishCentreforArtsandInterculture,Denmark

Mr Martin Hiller,DirectorGeneral,RenewableEnergyandEnergyEfficiencyPartnership(REEEP),AustriaMr Dirk Fransaer,ManagingDirector,VITO,BelgiumMs Lise Grande,UNResidentCoordinator&UNDPResidentRepresentative,IndiaMr Heherson T Alvarez,Commissioner,ClimateChangeCommission,OfficeofthePresident,ThePhilippinesDr Bindu N Lohani, Vice President, Knowledge Management and Sustainable Development, AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippinesHE Mr Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser,Presidentofthe66thSessionoftheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyandUNHighRepresentativefortheAllianceofCivilizationsDr Richard L Sandor,Chairman&CEO,EnvironmentalFinancialProductsLLC,USA

4:15–5:45pm Thematic Tracks Venue

LowCarbonSustainableMobilityforAll Mumtaz

MindsetofGreenGrowth Jehangir

GovernanceandManagementChallengesinWater-useEfficiency SheeshMahal


5:55–6:00pm Launch

Reducing Inequalities: A Sustainable Development ChallengeAPlanetforLifeSeries

6:00–6:45pm Keynote Addresses

Moderator:Mr Chetan Sharma,SeniorJournalistandConsultant,India

Title: Regional Climate Security

Dr Larry Brilliant,President&CEO,SkollGlobalThreatsFund,USA

Title: A Global Framework for Sustainable Development

Prof. Jeffrey D Sachs,Director,Earth Institute&SpecialAdvisor to theSecretary-Generalof theUnitedNations,USA

6:45–7:15pm Danish Cultural Institute Award Ceremony

Venue:Durbar

7.15pmonwards Reception hosted by the Danish Cultural Institute

Venue:Shahjahan

Day 3: February 2, 2013

9:00–10:15am Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change and Mitigating Emissions of Greenhouse Gases and Associated Co-benefits

The Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation brought out by the IPCC highlights the increase in frequency and intensity of extreme events in several parts of the world. This adds a new dimension to adaptation measures which would have to be undertaken to deal with the challenge of climate change. As yet funding for adaptation measures at the international level for the benefit, particularly of the least developed countries, is largely deficient. So also is adequate knowledge and experience with adaptation measures. Reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases carries a large number of co-benefits such as higher energy security, health benefits due to reduced air pollution and higher agricultural output. A recent ILO study has also focused on the employment benefits of a green economy.

The session would focus on how the most vulnerable regions of the world can deal with the challenge of adapting to the impacts of climate change. The session would also develop a comprehensive rationale for measures by which these co-benefits can be fully realized while mitigating emissions of greenhouse gases.

Moderator:Mr John Vidal,EnvironmentEditor,TheGuardian,UK

Keynote Address:The Hon’ble Greg Selinger,PremierofManitoba,Canada

Dr Subho Banerjee,DeputySecretary,Adaptation,International&RegulatoryGroup,DepartmentofClimateChangeandEnergyEfficiency,AustraliaDr Ugyen Tshewang,Secretary,NationalEnvironmentCommission,BhutanDr Shuzo Nishioka,SeniorResearchAdvisor,IGES&Secretary-General,LoCARNet/LCS-RNetSecretariat,JapanDr Naoko Ishii, CEOandChairperson,GlobalEnvironmentFacility,USAMr Carl Pope,SeniorStrategicAdvisor,TheSierraClub,USA


10:15–10:30am Tea

10:30–11:45am Choices before the BRICS and a New Economic Construct

Mahatma Gandhi rightly emphasized efficient use of resources, and he also stated that growth speed is irrelevant if we are going in the wrong direction. The BRICS nations are registering, in general, high rates of economic growth, which would increase their appetite for energy and other resources to fuel development and growth. This would not only lead to constraints in supply of these resources but also problems of pollution and ecological risks. How should the BRICS nations evolve a new paradigm of growth and development by which they can avoid the pitfalls that some developed countries have fallen into?

Moderator:Ms Suhasini Haidar,SeniorEditor,CNN-IBN,India

Dr Anindya Chatterjee,RegionalDirector,Asia,InternationalDevelopmentResearchCentre(IDRC),IndiaDr Prodipto Ghosh,DistinguishedFellow,TERI,IndiaMr Peter Kenmore,RepresentativeinIndia,FoodandAgricultureOrganisation(FAO),IndiaMs Amina Mohamed,DeputyExecutiveDirector,UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme,KenyaMr Adam Koniuszewski,ChiefOperatingOfficer,GreenCrossInternational,SwitzerlandMr Khalid Malik,Director,HumanDevelopmentReportOffice,UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme,USAMr Walter Vergara,Chief,ClimateChangeandSustainabilityDivision,Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank,USA

11:45 am–1:15 pm Thematic Tracks Venue

ReducingInequalities:ASustainableDevelopmentChallenge Mumtaz

ImprovingLong-distancePassengerTransportSystems:IntroducingHighSpeedRailinIndia

Jehangir

LearningfromGreenGrowthInitiativesinAsia Shahjahan

1:15–2:00pm Lunch–hosted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), India

2:00–3:15pm Sustainable Development and a New Knowledge Economy

The 21st century is projected as evolving into a knowledge society. Rapid developments in telecommunications and various applications of electronics as well as the development and use of new material and new sources of energy require unprecedented levels of energy and innovation. How can the world create knowledge and innovation to ensure efficient use of resources and a pattern of sustainable development for global society as a whole?

Chair:Dr Leena Srivastava,Vice-Chancellor,TERIUniversityandExecutiveDirector(Operations),TERI,India

HE Dasho Paljor Jigmie Dorji,SpecialAdvisor,NationalEnvironmentCommission,BhutanMs Helen Mountford,DeputyDirector,EnvironmentDirectorate,OECD,FranceProf. Hironori Hamanaka, Chair of the Board of Directors, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies(IGES),JapanDr S Wasaka,ExecutiveDirector,NewEnergyandIndustrialTechnologyDevelopmentOrganization(NEDO),JapanDr Lee Yee Cheong,Chairman,UNESCOInternationalScience,TechnologyandInnovationCentre,MalaysiaMr Brice Lalonde,ExecutiveCoordinatorofUnitedNationsConferenceRio+20,USAProf. Stephen Mulkey,President,UnityCollege,USA


3:15–3:45pm ‘In Conversation’ with Nobel Laureate Prof. Carlo Rubbia

Chair:Dr R K Pachauri,Director-General,TERI,India

Prof. Carlo Rubbia,ScientificDirector,InstituteforAdvancedSustainabilityStudies,Germany

3:45–4:45pm Chalking the Resource-efficient Path for Africa

Leaders from Africa will discuss the importance of resource-efficiency in the development path of the continent. It is imperative to adopt resource-efficiency in the present stages of development, in order to ensure a resource-secure future.

Chair:Dr Ligia Noronha,ExecutiveDirector(ResearchCoordination),TERI,India

Dr Pradeep Monga,Director,EnergyandClimateChangeBranch,UnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganization(UNIDO),AustriaHE Prof. Daniel Samba Mukoko,VicePrimeMinister&MinisterofBudget,DemocraticRepublicofCongoMr Mahama Kappiah, Executive Director, ECOWAS Regional Centre for Renewable Energy and EnergyEfficiency(ECREEE),CapeVerde

4:45–5.30pm Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI)–TERI Initiative for Green Growth and Development in India

GGGI-TERI initiative is envisaged to be a trans-disciplinary research framework that will include three activity areas pertinent to sustainable development; these include an integrated systems modelling, rural development and green growth, and urban development and green growth. The initiative will examine issues at the national, sub-national, and local levels. The session will include the signing of an MoU between GGGI and TERI.

Signing of the MoU between GGGI and TERI will take place in the presence of HE Mr Bharrat Jagdeo, Former President of Guyana and Mr Montek Singh Ahluwalia, Hon’ble Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission, Government of India.

Guest of Honour:HE Mr Bharrat Jagdeo,FormerPresidentofGuyana

Chair:Dr R K Pachauri,Director-General,TERI,IndiaMr Suresh Kumar,PrincipalSecretary,DepartmentofScience,TechnologyandEnvironment,GovernmentofPunjab,IndiaDr S S Negi, Director, Department of Environment, Science and Technology, Government of HimachalPradesh,IndiaDr Bharathi S Sihag,PrincipalSecretary,Forests,EnvironmentandScientificTechnology,GovernmentofHimachalPradesh,IndiaDr Karan Avtar Singh, Principal Secretary, Department of Industries and Commerce, Government ofPunjab,IndiaDr Jason Eis,DeputyDirector–LondonOffice,GlobalGreenGrowthInstitute,UK


5.30pm–6.05pm Valedictory Session and Presentation of the First Georgescu-Roegen Awards

Chair:Dr V Rajagopalan,Secretary,MinistryofEnvironmentandForests,India

Special Address

Mr Salman Khurshid,Hon’bleMinisterofExternalAffairs,India

Valedictory Address

Mr Montek Singh Ahluwalia,Hon’bleDeputyChairman,PlanningCommission,GovernmentofIndia

Vote of Thanks

Dr R K Pachauri,Director-General,TERI,India


Inaugural SessionPRIME MINISTER’S ADDRESS

IamveryhappytobepresentheretodayinthemidstofsuchadistinguishedgatheringontheoccasionoftheinauguralsessionoftheDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummit2013.IwouldparticularlyliketoextendaverywarmwelcometothenumerousforeigndignitarieswhohavecometoDelhifromallovertheworldtoattendthisevent.

Since 2001, the Delhi Sustainable Development Summit has evolved into a unique gathering in the global sustainable developmentcalendar,attractingandprovidingaplatformforsomeofthebestmindsandleadersfromallovertheworldwhohaveanabidingconcernforprotectingthefragileecosystemsofourplanet.IcongratulateTheEnergyandResourcesInstituteandDrPachauriforthisinitiativeandfortheirunstintedcommitmenttosustainabledevelopment.

TheworldcommunitymetinRiolastyearontheoccasionofthe20thanniversaryofthepath-breakingRioSummitof1992.Rio+20wasapoignantreminderthattheambitiousgoalsthatwehadsetforourselvesattheRioEarthSummitin1992remainfarfrombeingrealized.Italsoservedtoremindusthatameaningfulconsensusonenvironmentalandecologicalissuesisperhapshardertoachievetodaythanitwassome20yearsago.

But,itisnotasifwehaveachievednothingduringthisperiod.Wehavewitnessedanextraordinaryandwelcomegrowthofenvironmentalconsciousness in theworldandwecantakegreatsatisfaction fromthe fact thatsustainabledevelopment today isanacceptedandintegralpartofinternationaldiscourse.Theglobalenvironmentalagendaandtheglobaldevelopmentagendaarenowcloselyinter-linked,withtheeconomic,environmental,andsocialpillarsofsustainabledevelopmentprovidingasoundframework.TheRioprinciplesof1992arestillseenasrelevantandfundamental,andwerereaffirmedatRio+20.

We,inourIndia,takeduesatisfactioninthisdevelopment.Some40yearsago,PrimeMinisterIndiraGandhiwasoneofthefewleadersofthedevelopingworldtobepresentattheStockholmConference.Eventhen,shehadmadeourcommitmenttoenvironmentalprotectionclear.Butshehadalsopointedoutthatourchallengewasensuringdevelopmentforall.Itisamatterofsomesatisfactiontousthatrecentdiscoursehasseenanimplicitunderstandingthatunlesswefindpathwaysfordevelopmentthataddresstheconcernsofall,ratherthantheinterestsofaselectfew,ourobjectiveofglobalsustainabledevelopmentwillremainelusive.

Inthiscontext,thethemeofthisyear’ssustainableSummit,“TheGlobalChallengeofResource-efficientGrowthandDevelopment”,hasaparticularresonance.Humanityhastraditionallyputitsfaithinadvancesoftechnologytoresolveproblemsofresourcescarcity.However,there is now a growing realization that there may be no easy alternatives for some resources, particularly environmental resources.Resourceefficiencyis,thus,anecessaryconditionforsustainabledevelopment,andakeyelementoftheeconomicpillarofsustainability.

Inaddition,therearegenuineconcernsthatinanunequalworld,scarcityofresourceswouldaffectthepoormoreadversely,andkeyresourcesmaybecomeaccessibleonlytoasmallsectionofpeopleonthisplanet,leadingtotheexclusionofalargenumberofpeoplewholiveinpovertyandpersistentdeprivation.Resourceefficiencyis,thus,acriticalelementofinclusivegrowthanddevelopmentagenda.Thechallengeistobuildresilientandefficienteconomies,whichwilleradicatepovertyandalsoensurethatthepoor,alreadylivingonthe

Dr Manmohan SinghHon’ble Prime Minister, India


marginsofsurvival,arenotmadeevenmorevulnerable.Asacorollary,weshouldenhanceeffortstodeveloptechnologiesthatensureefficiencygains,whichallowformoreequitabledistributionanduseoftheseavailableresources.Aglobalgrowthmodel,whichisbothinclusiveandsustainable,wouldalsoassistdevelopingcountriestopursuetheirnationaldevelopmentobjectives.

Climatechangehasbecomethefaceofmanychallengesinourpursuitofsustainabledevelopment.Thisproblemcanonlybetackledthroughcoordinatedglobalaction.Itis,therefore,crucialtolookatsustainabledevelopmentfromaglobalratherthanapurelynationalperspective.Nevertheless,giventhevaryinglevelsofdevelopmentacrosstheworld,itisimportantthatourresponsesbepredicatedontheprincipleofequityandcommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilities.IamhappythattherecentDohaclimateconferencereaffirmedtheseprinciples.Theyshouldformthebedrockoffuturearrangementspost-2020andweshouldensurethatthedevelopmentaspirationsandpovertyreductioneffortsofthedevelopingcountriesarenotconstrained.

Theadoptionofasecondcommitmentperiodtill2020undertheKyotoProtocolforemissionsreductionbytheindustrializedworldisalsoawelcomedevelopment.But,realprogresscannotbeachievedifdevelopedcountriesarenotwillingtoenhancetheirambitionlevels.

For its part, our country is committed to meeting its domestic mitigation goal of reducing the emissions intensity of our GDP by20–25percentbyyear2020comparedwith2005levels.Wehavealreadytakenseveralmajorstepsonthepathoflowcarbongrowth.Nowisthetimeforthericherindustrializedcountriestoshowthattheytooarewillingtomovedecisivelyalongthispath.IftheyfailtodothatinthecommitmentstheywillmakeundertheKyotoProtocolandotheragreements,thenitwillbedifficulttopersuadegovernments,industry,andthegeneralpublicinIndiaandotherdevelopingcountriestostepupthepaceatwhichtheyaremovingonthispath.

Whenwetalkaboutefficientuseofresources,wehavetoalsofocusonmanyotherareaswhicharecrucialinensuringthesustainabilityoftheearth’secosystems.Biologicaldiversityisanimportantenvironmentalresourcefordevelopingcountries,whichtouchesthelivesofcommonpeople.Wehavetoensurethatthisispreservedandusedcarefully,gainfully,andsustainably.Lastyear,Indiahostedthe11thConferenceofPartiestotheUNConventiononBiodiversityinHyderabad.Animportantoutcomewastherecognitionofbiodiversityasadriverofsustainabledevelopmentandenvironmentalprotectionandanagreementtocreateinstitutionalmechanismsthatwouldfacilitatefinancialandtechnologicalflowstodevelopingcountriesforprotectingbiodiversity.Wehopethatthedecisionstakenwillbefullyimplemented.

WeinIndiaarefullyconsciousoftheneedtoconserveourresourcesthroughtheirutilizationinatrulysustainablemanner.Webelievethatefficientuseofresourceshastobeginwithensuringtheefficiencyofuseofhumanresources,andthisrequiresbuildingskills,capabilities,andsystemsbywhichcountriescanensurehigherefficiencyineveryhumanendeavour.InHyderabadlastyear,Iannouncedanallocationof$50millionaspartoftheHyderabadpledgetostrengthentheinstitutionalmechanismsforbiodiversityconservationinIndia.

Inthefieldofclimatechange,ourNationalActionPlanonClimateChangeisnowanimportantpartofourdevelopmentstrategy,bothnationallyandatthelevelofstates.Oneofitseightmissionsmandatestheestablishmentof20,000MWofpowergeneratingpotentialusingsolarenergywithinthenext10years.Ialsorecalllaunchingfromthisveryplatformin2008TERI’sprogrammeon‘LightingaBillionLives’.Iaminformedthatthisprogrammehasnowbenefittedaround2,000villagesinthecountrywherefamiliesandhouseholdsareusinglanternschargedbysolarenergytoprovidethemwithclean,reliable,andpollution-freelighting.ThisprogrammehasalsobeenextendedtocountriesinAfricaandotherpartsofAsia.Theinvolvementoftheprivatesectorhashelpedinexpandingthisapproachthroughmarket-baseddisseminationofsolarlanternsandotherformsofdecentralizedlightingsystemsbasedonphotovoltaictechnology.Weinviteourinternationalpartnerstoworkwithustoexploitthetremendouspotentialofrenewableenergytechnologiesinourcountry.

OneresourceofparticularconcerntousinIndiaandinmanyotherdevelopingcountriesisthatoffreshwater.Thedepletionofgroundwaterhasalreadybecomeamajorprobleminmanydistrictsinourcountry.Meetingtherisingurbandemandforfreshwaterimpliesrisingcostsassupplieshavetocomefromgreatandgreaterdistances.Projectionsofwaterdemandandavailabilitygiveanalarmingpictureofrisingscarcities.Weneed,therefore,tofocusattentiononwaterconservationandwaterefficiencywiththesortofzealthattodaydrivesenergyconservationandefficiencyintheuseofenergy.

We have witnessed an extraordinary and welcome

growth of environmental consciousness in the world and we can take great satisfaction from the fact that sustainable

development today is an accepted and integral part of

international discourse


Welcome Addresses

MrRamachandranwelcomedthedistinguishedleadersandtheHonourablePrimeMinistertothisyear’sSummit,acknowledgingtheencouragementandinspirationthathasbeenaccordedtotheSummit,andtotheideasthatTERIstandsfor.

MrRamachandranhighlightedtheimportanceoftheSummitanditsevolutionasamajorglobaleventonissuesofcrucialimportancetohumanity.ElucidatingonthethemefortheSummit,hespokeoftheeconomic,technological,social,andpoliticalchallengesthatneedtobedefinedandtowardswhosealleviationaframeworkneedstobeconceptualized.MrRamachandranassertedhisbeliefthataresource-intensivepathofdevelopmentisnotsustainableforhumansocietyasawhole,andspokeoftheurgentneedtocurtailconsumption and change production patterns to something that is more economically and ecologically tenable in the long term.Speakingofthebenefitsofsuchadevelopmentparadigm,MrRamachandrandescribedhowahighlyresource-efficientsocietywouldhelpreduceincomeinequalities,stopenvironmentaldegradation,andassociatedproblemssuchasclimatechange,andexpressedhopethatacoordinatedapproachinvolvinggovernments,businesses,civilsociety,andtheacademiawillbeabletoelicitsuchanimpact.Heencouragedbusinessesandcivilsocietytofocusonissuesthatwillberelevanttohumansocietyfivetotenyearsinthefuture,andoftheimportanceoflayingthefoundationforthesolutionsoffutureproblemsinthepresent.

Mr Arcot RamachandranChairman, TERI

Iwouldalsoliketomentionthatprotectionoftheenvironmentandpromotingdevelopmentneednotamounttoazerosumgame.Whatisrequiredisregulatoryregimesthataretransparent,accountable,andsubjecttooversightandmonitoring.Indeed,regulatoryregimesareoftenthebasicnecessaryconditiontoensurethatenvironmentalandeconomicobjectivesarepursuedintandem.

Our experience has shown that success in sustainable development efforts is also dependent on the degree of use of innovativemechanisms.Adequateattentionshould,therefore,begiventotheimportanceandeconomicvalueofecosystemservicesindevelopmentstrategiesandpolicies,particularlywhileaddressingtheneedsofthevulnerableandpoorandmarginalizedcommunities.ConceptslikeGreenNationalAccountingareusefultoolsthatcouldhelpusensurethatgoodsandservicesareproducedwithminimalecologicalandsocialimpact.

Growingpopulations,changingconsumptionpatterns,andtheconsequentpressureonpreciousnaturalresourcesarerealchallengesthatwefaceinourpursuitofeconomicgrowthandtheameliorationofpoverty.Thepresentglobalinequitiesbuiltintotheglobaleconomicorderarepatentlyunsustainable.Atthesametime,wealsohavetosharetheecologicalandeconomicspaceofonlyoneearth.This,inturn,willdemandreengineeringoureconomiesinwaysthatarebothfrugalandinnovativeintheiruseofscarceresources.Thisiswherewemustlookforsolutionsinthefuture.Indialooksforwardtoworkingcloselywiththeglobalcommunityinthisendeavour.Withthesewords,IwishtheSummitallsuccessinitsdeliberationsandIlookforwardtospecificrecommendationsforpursuingaresource-efficientandsustainabledevelopmentstrategy.


Dr R K PachauriDirector-General, TERIDr R K Pachauri, Director-General of The Energy and Resources Institute, delivered the welcome address in the presence of theHonourable Prime Minister of India, Dr Manmohan Singh; His Excellency Dr Donald Ramotar, President of Guyana; His ExcellencyMrAnoteTong,PresentofKiribati;HonourableMinisterforNewandRenewableEnergy,DrFarooqAbdullah;andHonourableMinsterofState(IndependentCharge)forEnvironmentandForests,MsJayanthiNatarajan;amongotherdignitariesandstalwartsofindustry.

Introducingthethemeof theDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummit(DSDS)2013, theGlobalChallengeofResource-efficientGrowthandDevelopment,DrPachaurimentionedthatthecurrentpathofresource-intensivegrowthbeingfollowedandadoptedbycountriesthroughouttheworldisnotsustainable.

DrPachauridescribedthehistoryofacademicandpolicyinitiativesintostudyingresourceshortages,beginningwiththeClubofRome’slandmark 1970 publication, The Limits to Growth. The book was subject to considerable dispute, but served its purpose of sharingglobal concerns about the finiteness of key resources, and the fact that their depletion could act as a constraint on future growth.DrPachauridescribedthefirstmajoreventthathighlightedtheacuteglobalshortageofcriticalresources,the1973oilcrisis.AsignificantconsequenceofthiswasashifttowardsmoreefficientindustrialprocessesinJapanandpartsofEurope.Movingontothenextdecade,DrPachauridescribedhowsuddenincreasesincrudeoilsuppliesandreductionsindemandresultedinthe1980soilglut,whereoilpricescrashedduringthemid-1980sinatrendthatcontinuedfortheentiredecade.

DrPachauriexplainedthatresourcedepletionisnotlimitedtoenergyresourcesalone.SharingthefindingsofarecentUNIDO-commissionedstudythatlookedattheextractionofnaturalresourcesin19Asiancountries,DrPachauridescribedhowtheamountofnaturalresourcesbeingextractedinthese19countrieshasdoubledinthelast25years,especiallythoseresourcesthatplayakeyroleintheconstructionindustry.Headvocatedthatnationsconductdetailedanalysesofhowgrowingresourcescarcitiescouldprovetobethesourceofstressandconflict inthefuture.DrPachauritoucheduponanothercrucialfactorinresourceextraction,theimpactontheenvironment,fromcuttingdowntreestohighcarbonemissionsduringindustrialprocesses.Heexplainedthatextractingresourcesinecologicallyfragileareasdonotmerelynegativelyaffectthelocalecosystem;theycanhavethelivelihoodsofthenation’spoorestinaterribleway.Itwasforthesereasons,DrPachaurifelt,thatthisyear’sthemewasparticularlyprescient.

DrPachaurithenwelcomedtheleadersfromallsectionsofsocietywhohadcomefromaroundtheworldandinvitedthemtofocusonthechallengesofresourcescarcityandhelparriveatasolution.HelaidemphasisontheparticipationofleadersfromsmallislandstatesandAfrica,whoseviewsandconcernsareofgreatvalue.DrPachaurihighlightedtheworkbeingdonebyTERIinbuildingmodelsandimplementingsolutionsthatwouldensureefficientresourceuseinIndiaandacrosstheworld.

DrPachaurihighlightedsomeoftheactivitiesTERIhasbeeninvolvedinrecently,suchasdevelopingrenewableenergybasesolutionsparticularlyforruralapplicationsliketheLightingaBillionLives(LaBL)campaign,developingatwo-stagebiomassgasifierfordecentralizedelectricitygeneration,andanongoingprojecttodeveloparenewableenergybasedsolarcoolingsystem,whichpotentiallytransformtherurallandscapeindevelopingcountries.HefurtherelucidatedonTERI’sbiotechnologyprogrammes,whichhavedevelopedmycorrhiza-basedsolutionsthatsubstitutechemicalfertilizerswithbiofertilizers,andbiopesticidescalledBIALKIOLthatworkaseffectivesubstitutesforchemicalpesticides.

TERI’s activities in the construction sector were highlighted next; Dr Pachauri described the GRIHA Rating System—developed inconjunctionwith theMinistry forNewandRenewableEnergy (MNRE)andDrFarooqAbdullah—forsustainablebuildings,andstatedthatallstructuresconstructedforusebyTERIshowcasethelatestinresource-efficientsustainablearchitecture.DrPachauriinvitedtheHonourablePrimeMinistertovisitTERI’soffgridrenewableenergybasedretreatcomplexinGurgaonortheTERIUniversitycomplexinVasantKunj,NewDelhi,thatdisplaysmodelresource-efficientpractices.DrPachauristressedtheneedforpolicyinterventionstohelpfosterresource-efficientbuildingsthroughoutthecountryintheforthcomingdecades.

Inconclusion,itwasannouncedthatDSDS2014wouldbeheldon6–8February2014,withthetheme‘AttainingWater,Energy,andFoodSecurityforAll’andthatthenextyear’sSummitwouldbelargerandorganizedoverexpandedfacilities,giventhegrowingdemandforparticipationfromaroundtheworld.


Sustainable Development Leadership Award

TERIisproudtohonourHisExcellencyMrJamesAlixMichel,PresidentoftheRepublicofSeychelles,withtheSustainableDevelopmentLeadershipAward2013,inrecognitionofhisoutstandingcontributionstowardssustainabledevelopmentinSeychellesandplacingtheissuesofSmallIslandStatesontheglobalagenda.TERIcommendsPresidentMichelforhisvisionaryandstrongleadershipintheimplementationofsustainableenvironmental,economic,andsocialprogrammesduringchallengingtimes,andacknowledgestheexemplarystandardsthatthissetsforeveryoneelseintheglobalcommunity.

President Michel co-chairs the Global Island Partnership (GLISPA), which brings together world leaders to promote action on theconservationandsustainabilityof islands.Underhis leadership,GLISPAhasmobilizedpoliticalsupport for theblueeconomyandmarineprotectedareaswithinislandregionsoftheworld.SustainabledevelopmentthatreducesthevulnerabilityofSmallIslandStatestoclimatechange,food,andenergycrisesremainsattheforefrontofPresidentMichel’sagenda.Hisexemplaryleadershipappealstotheconscienceofworldleadersforthefutureofhumanity.

TheAwardwasacceptedbyHEMrJean-PaulAdam,MinisterofForeignAffairs,Seychelles,onbehalfofthePresident.

Leadership Panels


Sustainable development requires the redressal of social and

economic inequalities. Social issues are as much at the heart of sustainability as ecological

issues.

HEMrDonaldRamotarPresidentofGuyana

Leadership Panel 1: Defining the Future We WantChair: Ambassador C Dasgupta

Distinguished Fellow, TERI, India

Setting the Theme

Dr R K Pachauri Director-General, TERI, India

Panelists

HE Mr Donald Ramotar President of Guyana

HE Mr Anote Tong President of Kiribati

HE Mr James Alix Michel President of Seychelles (video message)

In its 13th year, the Delhi Sustainable Development Summit(DSDS), organized by The Energy and Resources Institute(TERI), continued to bring together the best and brightest fromacross governments, the private sector, and non-governmentalorganizations to debate, discuss, and ultimately decipher themajorissuesofclimatechange,sustainability,resourceefficiency,development, and green growth. Following the footsteps ofthe then-recently concluded United Nations Conference onSustainable Development (UNCSD), also knownasRio+20, theDSDS2013beganwithapaneldiscussiononhowpeoplefromacross the world, hailing from diverse economic, cultural, andsocialbackgroundscanarriveonaconsensusonthekindofpan-globalvisionfora future toaimtowards,as thetarget forgreengrowth and sustainability. Later, discussions during DSDS 2013delvedintothespecificsofachievingthatvision,butoneneededtrulyvisionaryleadershiptodefinethetargetbeforehand.

The first leadership panel consisted of world leaders whosenations are on the forefront of the fight against climate changeand are vanguards of the sustainable development movement.Director-GeneralofTERI,DrRKPachauri,begantheproceedingswithapresentationwhosecoremessagewasthatknowledgeandinformationshouldbethedriversofaction.ReferringtoThe Future We Want outcome document from Rio+20, Dr Pachauri statedthatpost thenearunanimousacknowledgementof the fact thatagreeneconomy,imbibedwiththecoreprinciplesofsustainabledevelopmentandpovertyeradication,wouldleadtoenvironmentalsustainabilityandbettermanagementofresources,acoordinatedapproachbetweennationsofdiversebackgrounds,experiences,andeconomiccapabilitieswouldbeneededtoachievethefutureenvisionedbysomany.HefurthersummarizedthefindingsfromastudyconductedbytheUnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganization (UNIDO), which found that material consumptionisalsocorrelated to increasingcarbonemissions, implying thatachievingthefuturewewantwouldrequireasubstantialalteringincurrentlifestylesandmodelsofdevelopment.Towardstheend,

DrPachauri highlighted theworkdonebyan initiativebetweenTERI and China’s National Centre for Climate Change Strategyand International Cooperation (NCSC) that aims to introducelow-carbondevelopmentinemergingeconomies.

ThePresidentofGuyana,HEMrDonaldRamotar,reaffirmedthepolicyofhispredecessors,stating thatclimatechangewas themostchallenging issuebeingfacedbynumerousnationsat thecurrent date and is bound to play a significant role in definingthefuturewewant.HisExcellencybroughtattentiontoGuyana’sacclaimed Low Carbon Development Strategy, which placesstrongemphasisonsavingGuyana’snaturalresources,especiallyitsecologicalresourcesintheformofitslushtropicalrainforests.ThePresidenthighlightedaveryimportantpointinthediscussion,stating that sustainable development requires the redressal ofsocial and economic inequalities, elucidating that social issuesareasmuchattheheartofsustainabilityasecologicalissues.

PresidentofKiribati,HEMrAnoteTong,reiteratedthatcooperationandbuildingaglobalcommunityisessentialtoaddressingissuessuchasclimatechange,resourceinefficiency,andsustainability,whichareby their verynature trans-national in their scopeandeffect.Talkingabouttheagendasofthenumerousworldleadersand international delegations present at DSDS 2013, PresidentTongstated that individualandnationalpriorities shouldnotbetheirsolefocus,rather,theonlywaytoaddressglobalchallengesistoresolvethemtogetherasaglobalcommunity.PresidentTongfurther highlighted Kiribati’s commitment to ecological oceanconservationthroughthe initiativeofa400sq.kmmarinezone,dedicated for ocean conservation, which is also a UNESCOWorldHeritageSite.ThePresidentofSeychelles,HEMrJamesAlex Michel, was unable to attend this year’s Summit and senthisregardsthroughavideomessage,inwhichhehighlightedthework being done in Seychelles for environmental conservationand acknowledged India’s contributions in the Convention onBiologicalDiversity.


Leadership Panel 2: Defining the Future We WantHE Ms Tarja Halonen described her roles at the forefront ofnumerous global conferences and summits on climate changeandresourceallocationoverthelasttwodecades.ShedescribedhowthewordinginsomeofthereportsthatemergedfromtheseglobalsummitswasverysoftandspokeonthetyrannyoftheGDPinsuchdiscussions.ShementionedhowideassuchasinclusivesocialjusticearesacrificedinfavourofGDP.Sheadvocatednewindicators because gross GDP is not the same as well-being.Sheexpressedthatnationsshouldaimtobalancethreemodernindicators—economy,ecology,andsocialjustice.

Speaking of the United Nations Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs), Ms Halonen spoke of the atmosphere of strongcommitmentandsenseofnewbeginningsattheUNMillenniumSummit in 2000. She noted that while the MDGs programmemaybecriticizedbysome, it isaverysubstantial step forwardfor social justice at a global level. Ms Halonen added that theMDGsprogrammedoesnotendin2015,ratherworkonsomeofthe goals, such as exterminating extreme poverty, will continuewellintothefuture.Shedescribedtheworkbeingdonebyworldleaders for a framework to solving these problems post-2015.Ms Halonen also touched upon the Sustainable DevelopmentGoals (SDGs)devisedat theRio+20Summit.Shespokeof theimportanceofecologicalconservationandstressed that itmustbeundertakenonamassivescale.

Ms Halonen identified a theme that has been underutilizedand underestimated in global summits recently, namely that ofhuman capital. She spoke of three particular demographics ofhumancapitalonwhomthe focusshouldbe; thepoor,whoaremisunderstood,underestimated,andwhoseinputisnecessaryifwearetoeliminateglobalpoverty;youngpeople,whomighthavehadaccesstothebesteducationalresourcesthatacountryhastoofferbutwhoneedtobeinspiredandintegratedintotheproblem-solvingmatrix;andfinally,women,whoconstitutehalftheglobalpopulationandwhosecapacityisyettobetappedeffectivelyinmanypartsoftheworld.

HE Mr Bharrat Jagdeo spoke of the comprehensive nature ofthe Rio+20 Summit report, and how the biggest challenge,

as outlined in that document, is that of getting environmentalexternalitiesfactoredintocalculationsofpoverty,well-being,andGDP.Hespokeofhowevenifeconomistsweretodevisecomplexcalculations for inculcating environmental factors into theseindicators, it would still not directly affect the common person.Hestressedontheneedforsolutionsthatwouldkeeptheworldgrowingwhilehelpingpeople find jobsandhelpingprotect theenvironmentandecology.

Mr Jagdeo expressed happiness at the US President BarackObama’s re-election, and specifically his appointment of JohnKerryasSecretaryofState,whichMrJagdeoheldasaportentofchangesinUSgovernmentalpolicy.HethankedthePresidentandtheSecretaryofStateforfocusingontheissueandaskedthemto lendtheirsupport in thisglobal fight.MrJagdeostressedontheimportanceofcreatingaframeworkandtargets,andbuildingan efficient organizational structure. Expressing his views onecologicalconservation,MrJagdeoadvocated theconstructionofa15-kmwide,1,000-kmlonggreenbeltinCentralAfricatostoptheadvanceof theSaharaDesert.Healsoadvisedthatclimatechange mitigation and adaptation strategies should use locallysourced sustainable resources, giving the example of usingmangrovestobuildseadefencestostopseawaterriseinhisnationofGuyana.Arecurringthemeduringhisspeechwastheideaofcreatingacentralizedglobalbodythatwouldguidenationsonthepath tosustainabledevelopmentbycreatingglobalsustainablestandards for various industries; for example, automobiles andcellphones.Heconcludedthatasingleknowledgeportalforallsustainable development information would be a more efficientuseofaresource.

The Hon’ble Charles Crist highlighted the disparity betweenIndia and Canada, the total population of the latter (34 million)iswithinthemarginoferroroftheformer(India,2ndintheworldat 1.3 billion). However, he pointed out ways in which Canadaisexperiencing the impactofclimatechangemorerapidly thanmost other nations, giving the example of new maritime routesconnectingRussiaandCanada in theArcticdue to themeltingof polar ice. Mr Charest was serving as the Canadian Minister

Chair: Ambassador C Dasgupta Distinguished Fellow, TERI, India

HE Ms Tarja Halonen Former President of Finland

HE Mr Bharrat Jagdeo Former President of Guyana

The Hon’ble Jean Charest Former Premier of Quebec

The Rt. Hon’ble Lord John Prescott Former Deputy Prime Minister and

Member of Parliament, House of Lords, UK

The Hon’ble Charles Crist Former Governor of Florida, USA

The MDG programme may be criticized by some but it is a very substantial step forward for social

justice at a global level

HEMsTarjaHalonenFormerPresidentofFinland


for the Environment during the United Nations Conference onEnvironmentandDevelopmentatRioin1992,andofferedinsightsinto the differences between the Rio and Rio+20 conferences.MrCharestnotedthattherewasalotofoptimismgoingintotheSummit in1992,whereastheRio+20Summit in2012happenedataverybadtimegeopolitically,comingontheheelsofamajorfinancial and economic crisis in recent history. He added thatsincemanymajorplayers,suchastheUS,Russia,France,andChina were in the midst of a political transition, the conferencewascomplicatedfurther.HespokeofhowtheRio+20documenthighlighted an important global problem in poverty and wenton to describe how 1 person out of 5 on Earth is in extremepoverty,1outof14isundernourished,and7outof14areover-nourished. He addressed the objectives of green growth as

defined at Rio+20, the need for developing countries to mergegrowthandsocial justice,andtheimportantroleofempoweringwomen in ensuring green growth and alleviating familiesfrompoverty.

Mr Charest addressed the institutional framework and theimpact this had on his governments, and other local, regional,sub-national states. Looking at the positives, Mr Charest notedthatitwasregionalgovernments,cities,andstates,whocarriedout the implementation of the declaration. Mr Charest pointedout that most change and accomplishments occur at asub-regional level,andmostdecisionsandlawsthat impacttheenvironmentareenactedbyregionalgovernmentsasopposedtonationalgovernments.

The need for developing countries to merge growth and social justice, and the important

role of empowering women in ensuring green growth and alleviating families in poverty

must be highlighted

TheHon’bleJeanCharestFormerPremierofQuebec


Ministerial Sessions


Ministerial Session 1: Ensuring Energy, Water, and Food Security

Chair: Mr Nitin Desai

Distinguished Fellow, TERI and Former Under-Secretary General of

the United Nations, India

HE Dr Mariyam Shakeela Minister of Environment and Energy, Maldives

Mr Arvinn Eikeland Gadgil Hon’ble Deputy Minister for International Development,

Norway

HE Mr Marcin Korolec Minister of the Environment, Poland

The Hon’ble Jean-François Lisée Minister of International Relations,

La Francophonie and External Trade, Québec

HE Dr Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs and Special

Envoy for Energy and Climate Change, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, UAE

Concluding Remarks

Dr Robert D Hormats Under Secretary, Economic Growth, Energy and

Environment, US Department of State, USA

Mr Nitin Desai introduced the theme for the session, ‘Energy,Water, and Food Security’, and highlighted its central role insustainabledevelopment.Hehighlighted thatenergyandwaterare essential basic resources and regulating and maintainingthem requireahost of other administrativecapabilities suchasland management and biotic resource management, includinghumansettlementmanagement.Hestatedthatinthissense,theyare strategic resources. He pointed out the essentiality of foodsecurity,thatisbeforeprovidinganationwithotherresources,itiscriticaltoensurethattheyarefed.He,thus,highlightedthatfoodsecurityiscentraltothegoalofsustainabledevelopmentandisintimatelyconnectedwithwater,energy,andtheecology.

HEDrMariyamShakeelahighlightedthenumerousproblemsbeingfacedaroundtheworldbynationsbecauseofclimatechangeandsustainabledevelopment,givingspecial reference toher islandarchipelagooftheMaldivesintheIndianOcean,whichisatthefrontlines of the battle against climate change, facing imminentdisaster from risingsea levels.Sheelaborated that the time forscepticismandindecisionhaspassed,andsaidthatthechangesbeingwitnessedhadneitherbeenforeseennoranticipatedbyourancestors.Sheaddressedtheissueofdepletingglobalresources,andfood,water,andenergysecurityandtheirroleinlocal,national,andglobalstability.Sheadvocatedfortheprovisionofaffordablefood and inexpensive water and decreasing dependence onunsustainable fossil fuels based energy, believing that it wouldinstigatelarge-scaleenvironmentalandsocialchange.Shestatedthat believing that a strong economy or geography and terrainwill leaveanation immune to theeffectsofclimatechange isamistakennotion.Sheurged thepeoplepresent toembrace thephilosophy of common but differentiated responsibilities. Sheadvocatedcross-sectoralandcross-culturalpartnershipsamongbusinessleaders,policy-makers,legislators,andexpertstodriveintegratedplanningandpolicyinteractions.HerExcellencyaddedthatenhancedresourceefficiencycouldbeeffectivelyachievedthroughconsumereducation.Sheadvisedthateveryregionhasits ownuniqueopportunitiesandchallenges, and therecanbe

nopanaceatoaddressingthesemultipleanddiversechallenges.She also highlighted that in a globally connected society, theimpactsofclimatechangeinoneregionwillaffectthesecurityandprosperityofothersaroundtheworld.SheelucidatedtheissuesfacedbytheMaldivesbecauseofclimatechangeintheareasoffood,water,andenergysecurity.HerExcellencythenoutlinedtheplansbeingimplementedtowardsmakingtheMaldivesacarbonneutralcountryby2020,whichincludesinitiativestoreducetheconsumptionoffossilfuelsandtohavetheislandsdesignatedaUNESCObiospherereservewithinthenextfiveyears.Sheurgedadministrationsandpeoplewhoarescepticalofclimatechangeto realize that the effects are already palpable, stating that theproblemisuniversalandrequiresacollectiveefforttosolve.Sheconcluded her speech by thanking the delegates present andDr Pachauri for creating this global platform for variousstakeholderstointeractandexchangeideas.

MrArvinnEikelandGadgilelucidated the ideaof thedifferencebetween theory and practice, describing theory as when oneunderstandseverythingbutnothingworksandpracticeaswheneverythingworksandnobodyunderstandswhy.Thestatusquointheglobalclimateagenda,MrGadgilstatedisacombinationoftheoryandpractice,nothingworks,andnobodyunderstandswhy.Heexplained that thepurposeof thisSummitought tobefinding a link between theory and practice. He described theissue of energy deficiency for 400 million people in India andexpressed optimism at the willingness of entrepreneurs andadministratorstotakeonthechallenge.Hespokeoftheneedforgood and fair governance, one that repairs the damaged trustbetweenpeople that risesoutof rising inequalities inacountry.Hespokeofbridgingthegapbetweenthosewhoconsumenatureandthosewhotendtoit,andaddedthatfairgovernancewouldinvolvepoliticianswhocanplanforthelong-termasopposedtothinking in election cycles. He described the work being doneby the Norwegian government for helping developing nationsmanage their natural resources efficiently and in a way thatprevents increasing inequality.MrGadgil furtheradded that the


havocwreakedbyeconomicpoliciesinthelasttwodecadeshavenecessitatedfurtherdiscussionsaboutredistributingwealth,andendedbystatingthatfairgovernanceisgoodgovernance.

HE Mr Marcin Korolec began by stating that the goal of agovernmentissetnotjusttodeveloptheeconomy,butalsoimproveliving standards. Increases in global population necessitate thecreation of jobs. He added that a new paradigm of social andeconomicdevelopmentwouldinvolveeconomicgrowthbasedonavaluechainofrealproductsandservices.Healsoadvocatedthe preservation and utilization of indigenous knowledge withthe latest technology. Speaking of energy, Mr Korolec statedthatPoland reduced theirgreenhousegasemissionsby30percentusingnewefficiency-orientedsystems.Heurgedallnationsto take their responsibilities towards climate change seriously,stating that the Polish government is taking strides in reducingpollution and has implemented numerous programmes to helpwastewatermanagementandwatermanagement.SpeakingoftheUNClimateSummittobeheldinWarsawin2014,MrKorolecsaidthat itwashisambition tomakesignificantprogresswithanewglobalinstrumenttoimplementclimatemitigationwithlegalforceby2020.Hethenaddedthataccesstotechnologiesisnecessaryfor ensuring the survival of 7 billion people. He concluded bydescribingtheleadershiprequiredtoactualizethisvision.

The Hon’ble Jean-François Lisée focused his talk on energyand climate change, describing that many feel it is too late topreventclimatechangeandthediscourseshouldbeadaptation-oriented. Speaking of his experiences with Québec, he spokeof the bipartisan willingness present there, and described it asagreenprovinceinabrowncountry.Hespokeofhowprovincesand states in the US and Canada have implemented climatechangemitigationpoliciesincludingloweringemissionstandardsforcarsandstartingacap-and-tradesysteminNorthAmerica.Healsoadvocatedtheelectrificationoftransportsystems,statinghisobjectiveofhaving95percentofQuebec’spublictransitsystemelectricby2030andareductioninemissionsby25percentby2020.Heconcludedbystatingthatevenifitdoesnotwork,thereis the satisfaction of having done everything we could have tomitigateit.

HE Dr Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber began by stating that the closerelationship among water, energy, and food can no longer beunderestimated. He advised addressing surges in these needs

withincreaseinpopulationsinthefuture.Hesaidthatwhilemuchisbeingspokenandwritten,therehavebeenfewcomprehensive,holisticinitiatives.DrAlJaberadvocatedtreatingwater,food,andenergyasoneinterconnectedentityasawaytoaddresstheissuein a viable way. He said that maintaining the balance betweenexpandingeconomiesandlimitedresourcesiscrucialtoachievingsustainablegrowth.Hesaidthatbyaddressingtheseissuesasasingle one will help human development and improve resourcesecurity,whichwilleasegeopoliticaltensions,statingthatdisparatesystemsintheworldarealllinkedandconnected.Headdedthatin order to achieve sustainable growth and balance betweenlimited resources and economic growth will require enablers,suchasaframeworkthatbuildsrelationshipsbetweenthepublicand private sector, and investments to deliver such active andaction-orientedsolutionsthatcanbeappliedonamassivescale.He said that while some might find the scale of the solutiondaunting,theUAEisviewingitasanopportunitytodiversifytheireconomy.HedescribedinitiativesbytheAbuDhabigovernmentto address energy, water, and sustainability issues in January2013 through which the government policy-makers, scientists,businesspersons, and financiers would address the challengesand provide action-oriented solutions. He also addressed theneedforfor-profitorganizationstohavestrongCSRprogrammes,giving the examples of the UAE government’s support of ruralprogrammesinTonga,theSeychelles,andAfghanistanandtheireffortsataddressingtheproblemsofwaterdesalination.

DescribinghowtheMiddleEastaccountsfor20percentofglobaloil supply and 50 per cent of the world’s desalination capacity,Dr Jaber expressed that the UAE understands the crucialrelationshipbetweenenergyandwater.Hefinallyexpressedtheneed tomaintain frameworks thatwould incubate,support,andcreatetherightenvironmentandapproachforinnovation.

Dr Robert D Hormats acknowledged the complexity of theproblems at hand and summarized them into three points, (i)urgencytoactimmediatelyinthefactofimpendingclimatechange,(ii)increasingcreativityinpoliciesandincentives,and(iii)actinglocallyanddecisively.Heelucidatedthatinternationaleconomicpolicieshavetofocusandlearnfromoneanother,andfocusoncitiesorprovincesthroughoutastateratherthanjustthecapital.Anotherarea,DrHormatssuggesteddeliberatingonduring theSummit was, infrastructure and transportation. In places suchas China and India, there are many buildings that have not

Every region has its own unique opportunities and challenges,

and there can be no panacea to addressing these multiple and

diverse challenges. In a globally connected society,

the impacts of climate change in one region will affect the

security and prosperity of others around the world.

HEDrMariyamShakeelaMinisterofEnvironmentandEnergy,

Maldives


beenbuiltuptostandardandhavenoenvironmentalstandards.Implementingbetterenvironmental standards todaywillmakeabigdifference20or30years fromnow.DrHormatsalsoraisedthe issue of resource efficiency in terms of labour productivity,in the triple bottom-line, and in other areas. Another areaof improvement, particularly, is the brand image. While talkingabout the relationship between food, water, and energyDrHormatsmentionedhowtheagriculturesectorconsumesover

70percentoftheplanet’sextractionoffreshwater—40percentofthisiswastedandisnotutilizedatall.Hethenbrieflytouchedupon the issue of post-harvest food losses, and advocatedgreatercoldchainstorage,efficient,andbetter infrastructure tohelppreventthis.Heconcludedbyencouragingstakeholderstocontributetogoodenvironmentalpractices,companiescanviewtheimpactoftheiractionsandrealizethatsustainablebusinessisindeedgoodbusiness.

In places such as China and India, there are many

buildings that have not been built up to standard

and have no environmental standards. Implementing better environmental standards today will make a big difference 20

or 30 years from now

DrRobertDHormatsUnderSecretary,EconomicGrowth,

EnergyandEnvironment,USDepartmentofState,USA

Ministerial Session 2: Ensuring Energy, Water, and Food SecurityChairedbyMrSiddharthVaradarajan,EditorofoneofIndia’smostrespectedEnglish-languagenewspapersandaleadingexpertonforeignpolicyandgovernance,thesecondministerialsessionoftheDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummit(DSDS)2013focusedon the need to ensure global food, water, and energy security.The panel for this ministerial session consisted of prominentgovernmentrepresentativesfromnationsthatcoveredtheglobalspectrumofsocio-economictopographies,allofwhomwillneedtofindwaystoadaptandgrowinthefaceofclimatechangeandensure food, water, and energy security for their denizens. Thepanel set out to identify best practices that would help definethe need for resource efficiency on a global dimension. Therepresentativesofvariousnationsbroughtinsightsandpracticesfrom their own various and unique governance experience tohighlightways inwhichenergy,water,andfoodsecuritycanbeachievedacrosstheboard.

Lyonpo Dr Pema Gyamtsho of Bhutan highlighted his country’ssuccess at providing 95 per cent clean water and 80 per centclean electricity to its population and emphasized the need foradiversifiedenergyportfolio.Hesuggestedamixtureofcopingmechanisms for water-saving measures, investment in waterstoragecapabilities,mixofrenewabletechnologicaloptions,andfundingmechanismstoconserveandpreserveforestareasasameansofclimateprotectionandenergysecurity.

The Hon’ble Marie-Helene Aubert highlighted the need to raiseglobal awareness to follow a sustainable path and renew the

greenrevolutioninitiativetohelppeopleinpoorcommunities.Sheemphasizedthatlifestylechangesneedtobemoresustainable.

Dr Ryutaro Yatsu said that there is a need for a low-carbonleapfrog development pathway. Japan faced a severe energycrisisduetotherecentFukushimanucleardisaster,butsincethenhasbeentryingtowidenthescopeofrenewableenergyoptionsin the country through Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action(NAMA) and Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM). He focused oncollaboration and partnerships between institutes, companies,andtheacademiaasawaytowardssustainabledevelopment.

The Hon’ble Marcelo Ebrard Casaubón proposed the need forglobally effective action and focused on transfer of resourcesandtechnologiesbetweencitiesasameasuretobridgethegapbetweendevelopedanddevelopingnations.MsAnnikaMarkovicfocusedoneducation,internationalcooperation,andpoliticalwillto resolve issues related to resource security. She stressed oncapacitybuilding, integratingsustainability intosmall-and large-scale farming, and developing market-based mechanisms askeyaspects.

HE Mr Jean-Paul Adam gave a small island perspective ofclimatechangeandspokeoftheimpactofactionintheseareas,highlighting the need for wider renewable energy options insmall islands through knowledge sharing. He focused on theBlue Economy—protecting the oceans, which is otherwise aneglectedresource.

Moderator: Mr Siddharth Varadarajan Editor, The Hindu, India

Lyonpo Dr Pema Gyamtsho Hon’ble Minister for Agriculture and Forests, Bhutan

The Hon’ble Marie-Hélène AubertAdviser to the President of French Republic for

International Negotiations on Climate and Environment, France

Dr Ryutaro Yatsu Hon’ble Vice-Minister for Global Environment Affairs,

Ministry of the Environment, Japan

The Hon’ble Marcelo Ebrard Casaubón Former Mayor, Mexico City Government, Mexico

HE Mr Jean-Paul Adam Minister for Foreign Affairs, Seychelles

Ms Annika Markovic Environment Ambassador

Ministry of the Environment, Sweden

Today, there is great need for a Small Island perspective in terms

of climate change

HEMrJean-PaulAdamMinisterforForeignAffairs,Seychelles


Keynote Addresses

andConversations


Keynote Addresses

DrLarryBrilliantsharesanintimaterelationshipwithIndiaandtothecauseofsustainabledevelopmentinthenation.HefirstvisitedIndia40yearsago,livedinvariouscitiesforover10yearsandiswellversedinIndianculture;heisevenafluentHindispeaker.InhisthirdappearanceattheDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummit(DSDS),DrBrilliant chose toelucidate the issues that have thepotentialtocripplehumanity,despiteits impressivetrackrecordofachievementsinthelastcenturyorso,suchasclimatechange,water security, and pandemics. Dr Brilliant spoke of the needforgoodglobalgovernancethatcanactagainstthechallengesposed by these problems, and of the numerous organizationsthatarespending their timeand resourcesonbringingaboutasafe resolution to these issues, usually by communicating theimportance of action to as large as an audience as possible.AnotherwayDrBrilliantspokeofassistingpeoplewhohavebeenaffectedbyissuescausedbyoneormoreofthefactorsmentionedwasthroughsocialentrepreneurship.

Dr Brilliant illustrated his personal experiences of dealingwith the effects of climate change in 1970, when he first cameto India tohelp inoperationsduring theaftermathof theBholaCyclone,anaturaldisaster thatsawnearlyhalfamilliondeathsandremainsthedeadliesttropicalcycloneinrecordedhistory.DrBrilliantspokeofabandoningarock-and-rolldocumentaryhewasworkingon,andgoingas fastashecould fromGlastonbury toBholaIslandwithgoodsandmoneyhehadcollectedforassistinginreliefoperations.FollowinghisworkattheBholaCyclonereliefcentres in India,DrBrilliantsetoff forNepalandspent thenext10years living in thesubcontinent.ForDrBrilliant,BholaIsland

would always hold an important place in his life as it was thebeginning of a series of catastrophic events around the world.FollowingtheBholaCyclonereliefoperations,DrBrilliantworkedwiththeWHOoneradicatingSmallPoxacrossIndia.DrBrilliantstated that the Small Pox eradication programme was a tributetoIndia’stenacityandabilitytoaddresstheissueinthemidstofsomanyothercrises.DrBrilliantencounteredBholaIslandagainwhile working on water conversation and climate change. Heusedtheislandasanexampleof largerissuesthatcouldaffecttherestof thesubcontinentand therestof theworld.Speakingof climate change induced sea-level rise and glacier melt, hesaid that the island’s slow disappearance is a canary in thecoalminemomentforthenationsofthesubcontinent.Highlightingthe threats of global climate change in the region, Dr Brilliantremindedeveryonepresentof thehorrorsvisiteduponPakistanby thedevastating floodsof2010,andelaborated that floodingHimalayanriverscombinedwithasea-level riseof20metres isenough to completely submerge the nation of Bangladesh andthe150millionpeoplewholivethere.DrBrilliantpointedouttheconsequentproblemofclimaterefugees,theconditionstheymayhavetoface,andhowtheirmigrationintoneighbouringIndiamighthaveasubstantialimpactonthesocialandpoliticalstructureinIndia.

Speakingontheneedforeffectivegovernanceatboththeglobalandregionallevel,DrBrilliantspokeoftheneedforcooperationand the importance of communicating the need for caution indealingwiththeEarthtoasmanypeopleaspossible.DrBrilliantconcludedbystronglyadvocatingpeople towork togetherandbuildastrongcommunitythatcouldbetheretohelpintheeventoffutureclimateeventsandcatastrophes.

Moderator:Mr Chetan SharmaSeniorJournalist and Consultant, India

Regional Climate Security

Dr Larry BrilliantPresident and CEO, Skoll Global Threats Fund, USA

A Global Framework for Sustainable Development

Prof. Jeffrey D SachsDirector, Earth Institute, and Special Advisor to the

Secretary-General of the United Nations, USA

Regional Climate SecurityDr Larry BrilliantPresident & CEO, Skoll Global Threats Fund, USA

The need of the hour is for good global governance that can act against the challenges posed

by these problems, and assist numerous organizations that are

spending their time and resources on bringing about a safe resolution

to these issues

DrLarryBrilliantPresidentandCEO,

SkollGlobalThreatsFund,USA


A Global Framework for Sustainable DevelopmentProf. Jeffrey D SachsDirector, Earth Institute, and Special Advisor to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, USA

Prof. Jeffrey D Sachs started the session with a comparisonbetweenafrogandthehumanrace.Quotingstudies,hesaidthata frogwas likely to jumpoutof thewater ifheatedfastenough.However, through gradual increase in the temperature of water,itwaspossibletokillthefrog.Hisquestionthenwas—howfastwillbethehumanracejump?Thisanalogyformedthebasisofhissession.UsinganexampleoftheUSA,hepointedtotheweatherextremitiesandnaturaldisastersexperiencedinjustthelastyear.However,thepoliticianshavebeenslowtorespond.Hepointedout that the three landmark treatiesaddressingclimatechange,

biodiversity,anddesertification,whilebrilliantlycraftedhavefailedinbeingimplemented.

Highlightingtheparadoxoftechnologicalinnovations,Prof.Sachsmentioned that the problem contains within itself the solutionsto those problems. Risks are the counterparts of technologicalknow-how.UsingtheexampleofMillenniumDevelopmentFloods(MDGs),heemphasizedontheneedforclearplansofactionanddefinedgoalstoaddresstheproblemofclimatechangewiththeactiveparticipationofcivilsociety.

The three landmark treaties addressing climate change,

biodiversity, and desertification, while brilliantly crafted have failed

in being implemented.The paradox of technological

innovations is that the solutions are hidden with the problems

themselves

Prof.JeffreyDSachsDirector,EarthInstitute,andSpecial

AdvisortotheSecretary-GeneraloftheUnitedNations,USA


In Conversation with

Mr Thomas L Friedman spoke of the interconnectednessof commerce in the modern world as the current impact ofglobalization.UsingtheGreekcrisisasanexample,hehighlightedtheinfluencethatseeminglyunimportanteventsinfarawaylandscanhaveonus.Hecalledthisinterdependenceandstatedthatthe world has gone from being connected to hyper-connectedand from inter-connected to inter-dependent. He spoke of theevolutionoftheIndianmiddleclass,andthechangeshehasseeninthemiddleclass inIndia inthe20yearshehasbeenvisitingthiscountry.Heattributesthesechangestoeducation,andnotesthat a similar process is being followed in China. He mentionsthe disenchantment with politics of people in the middle class.HedrewcomparisonsbetweensomeoftheproblemsbeingfacedbytheUnitedStatesandIndia,particularlyintheareaofpoliticaldiscourse,whichhasbeenhijackedbyradicalelementsonbothsidesofthepoliticalspectrum.Thishaspreventedanydecision

taking, as radicals do not have the incentives to work towardstakingrightdecisions.

Mr Friedman described the two major forces that shape theworldtodayaremarketsandmultinationalcorporations.However,he describes the lack of empathy towards the natural world.Describingthesubprimecrisisthateventuallysnowballedintotherecession, he displayed how we cared more about maintainingtheequilibriumofthemarketthanthatoftheplanet.HedescribedhowvariousgenerationsinAmericanandworldhistoryhadtofightfor certain values and against possible futures. Noting that thisgenerationhashadrecreationalvalueasopposedtosustainablevalue,headvocatedthatpeopleshouldbringsustainablevaluebackintotheplanet.TheconsequencesofnotdoingthiscanbeworsethanwhatwouldhavehappenedhadtheUSAlosttheColdWarortheSecondWorldWar.

Mr Thomas L FriedmanForeign Affairs Columnist, The New York Times, USA

Chair: Mr Nitin Desai Distinguished Fellow, TERI, and Former Under-Secretary

General of the United Nations, India

Mr Thomas L Friedman Foreign Affairs Columnist, The New York Times, USA

The Greek crisis can be taken as an example for understanding

how seemingly unimportant events in faraway lands can

have an affect on us

MrThomasLFriedmanForeignAffairsColumnist,TheNewYorkTimes,USA


AftersharingtheNobelPrize inPhysics in1984withSimonvander Meer for their work that led to the discovery of the W andZBosons,whichare thecarriersofoneof thefour fundamentalforces of the universe (in their case, the Weak Nuclear Force),Prof. Carlo Rubbia turned his attention towards climate changeandthechallengeofsustainabledevelopment.Inordertogleanhis invaluable thoughtson theseandother topics,Prof.RubbiawasinterviewedbyDrRKPachauriduringtheDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummit2013.

Dr R K Pachauri began by emphasizing the advantages of aninterdisciplinaryapproachinthefieldofsustainabledevelopment.Hehighlightedthattheresultsfromanamalgamationofanumberofdisciplineswouldbebettersuitedtoeffectivelytackleproblemsbeing facedby theworld,which tend to transcendboundaries.Hepointedoutthatdevelopmentorganizationsandgovernmentdepartments are today functioning in thought-based silos.Prof.CarloRubbiaprovidedaninsightfulanalysisof theoptionsavailable to tackle a multiplicity of challenges that hinder the

path of sustainable development. He mentioned a number oftransformationaltechnologiesthatcanhelpnationsandindustriesreduce their greenhouse gas emissions. Amongst the majoroptionshighlightedweretechniquessuchasCarbonCaptureandSequestration (CSS), hydrogen-based fuels, andscaling-up theuseofrenewableenergyresources.

Prof. Rubbia further highlighted cost, availability, and storageaskey issuesthatneedtobeaddressedforscaling-uptheuseof renewableenergy resources.Hestressedon the importanceof finding immediate solutions to store various forms of energy,especially solar energy. He also advocated the introduction ofcoherentenergypoliciestoreconcile thesustainabilitypath.Onbeingaskedaboutthefutureofnuclearenergy,hementionedthatnuclearenergybasedonuraniumisnotalong-termsolution.Weneedtoensurethegenerationofnuclearenergythroughthoriumasit leadstolesswasteandismoreefficient.Heconcludedbyhighlightingtheneedtocatalyseinnovationintheareaofscienceandtechnologytofuelresource-efficientgrowthanddevelopment.

Prof. Carlo RubbiaScientific Director, Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Germany

In Conversation withChair: Dr R K Pachauri

Director-General, TERI, India

Prof. Carlo RubbiaScientific Director, Institute for Advanced

Sustainability Studies, Germany

....development organizations and government departments

are today functioning in thought-based silos.

Prof.CarloRubbiaScientificDirector,

InstituteforAdvancedSustainabilityStudies,Germany

Plen

ary

Sess

ions


As large multinational corporations grow to become largerthan some nations, the resources they own and their judicioususe of those resources have the potential to alter the patternof development and growth for millions, even billions of peopleon the planet. The session on ‘Corporate Perspectives onResource-efficient Growth and Development’ looked at ideasand viewpoints from people in diverse industrial sectors andexploredtherolethattheprivatesectorwillplayintheemergingyears in ensuring resource-efficient growth and development.Thesessionemphasizedtheimportanceofbusinessesadoptingresource-efficientpracticesthatwouldultimatelyhaveapositiveimpactonthebusiness’triplebottom-lineandengendergreaterconsumer loyaltyasaconsequence.Akeyrefrain,oft repeatedin theSummit in2013wasaquote fromGandhi,whosaid thatwhile the Earth has enough to provide for everyone’s need,there is not enough for a single man’s greed. This ideal wasreferenced by many of the speakers during the session as thecategorical changes required to achieve sustainable growthwereelaborated.Thespeakersagreed that the transitionwouldinvolveareductioninemissions,developingnewmicroeconomicsystems, and substantial knowledge and technology sharing.Theroleofbusinessesin leadingthischangewasalsotouchedupon as many speakers suggested that due to the ideologicalconflictsthathaveresultedinalackofconcentratedpoliticalwill

forgreengrowth,ithasbecomenecessaryforbusinessestoleadbyexample.Thesustainabledevelopmentmovementwillrequirecontributions from the middle class, especially in developingeconomies such as India, who, as the biggest consumer ofgoods inaneconomy,need tobeeducatedabout theneed forsustainable development and importance of reducing, reusing,and recycling products as much as possible. Instances werementioned where the determination to make a positive impactresultedincorporateeffortsthatsawgreengrowth.Thespeakershighlighted the fact that a transition towards green growth anddevelopment models makes business sense, as the economicbenefitsofsucha transitionarenumerous.Theopportunities inthe renewable energy sector in a nation of 400 million peoplecurrently inenergypovertyneednotbehighlighted.Therewasaconsensusthatthetransitiontowardsgreengrowthwillrequireinputs from all vertices of the golden triangle, governments,corporations, and consumers. Synergizing the common goalsofthesethreedisparatestakeholdersisultimatelyforthebenefitof everyone. The role of businesses in this process would beinvaluable.ItwasalsohighlightedthatthemeasureofsuccessinIndiabusinesshousesneedstobemodifiedasthenaturalcapitalandsocialgainsofacorporationshouldalsobefactoredintotheevaluationofitsperformance.

Moderator:Ms Bahar Dutt,EnvironmentEditor,CNN-IBN,India

• Mr Michael Christiansen,ChairmanoftheBoard,DanishCulturalInstitute,Denmark• Mr Krishan Dhawan,ChiefExecutiveOfficer,ShaktiSustainableEnergyFoundation,India• Mr William Hammink,MissionDirector,USAID,India• Mr Zubin Irani,SeniorManagingDirector–CommercialCompanies,UnitedTechnologiesCorporation,India• Mr Mahesh Makhija,Director,BusinessDevelopment(Renewables),CLPIndiaPvt.Limited,India• Mr Peter Bakker,President,WorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopment,Switzerland• Prof. Godfrey Boyle,ProfessorofRenewableEnergy,TheOpenUniversity,UK

A key refrain, oft repeated in the Summit in 2013 was a quote from Gandhi, who said that while the Earth has enough to provide for

everyone’s need, there is not enough for a single

man’s greed

Plenary Sessions

Corporate Perspectives on Resource-efficient Growth and Development


The session on accelerating the transition to a sustainableeconomyemphasizedtheneedforeconomicgrowthcoupledwithinclusivedevelopment.Thekeynotespeakersspokeabout theirregions’perspectiveonsustainabledevelopmentandhighlightedsomeofthekeychallengesfacingtheirrespective.

Mr Haruhiko Kuroda highlighted the need for a transition toamoreresource-efficienteconomy,whichwouldnotonlyimprovethe environment, but also lead to spillover effects in termsof job creation. He also highlighted the need to buildinstitutionalcapacity.

MrDonaldKaberuka,while lamentingover the fact thatnothinghaschangedinthelast21yearssincetheEarthSummit inRio,highlighted thatAfrica,with the lowest carbonemissionaswellasthelowestadaptivecapacity,isthemostvulnerablecontinent,especiallywithregardtoissuesrelatingtoagriculture,land,andbiodiversity.Heproposedastructure,whichfocusedoninclusionandresiliencebuildingtoaddresssomeofAfrica’schallenges

MsMaryBarton-Dockhighlighted theneed tocreate incentivesanddisincentivesthatleadtoachangeinthebehaviourofboth

consumersandprivatecompaniestobeabletotransitiontowardsagreenereconomy.

MrDipakDasguptaspokeabouttheneedtohaveacross-purposeconversationbetweentheconcernsofdevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Hespokeabouttheneedforcollectivepublicactiontofundtruepublicgoodsandgovernancethatfocusedonreducinginequality.

Mr Rémi Genevey spoke about official development aid andexplained how it has outlived its usefulness in the context ofMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs).

Prof. François Mancebo said that environmental and socialobjectivescannotbeattainedviatheinvisiblehandofthemarket,andthatinsteadtheywouldrequiremorepolycentricapproachesthatincludeinformalinstitutions.

Mr Seethapathy Chander highlighted the need for translatingwords intospecificactions foraddressingglobalchallengesbychannelizingresourcestowardsrenewableassets.

Accelerating the Transition to a Sustainable Economy

There is need for a transition to a more resource-efficient

economy, which would not only improve the environment, but also lead to spillover effects in

terms of job creation

MrHaruhikoKurodaPresident,AsianDevelopmentBank,

ThePhilippines

Chair: Mr Roland Lance Ignon, Co-Director,NewYorkOffice,SitrickandCompany,USA

Keynote Addresses • Mr Haruhiko Kuroda,President,AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippines• Mr Donald Kaberuka,President,AfricanDevelopmentBank,Tunisia

Panelists:• Mr Rémi Genevey, ExecutiveDirector,AgenceFrancaisedeDeveloppement(AFD),France• Prof. François Mancebo, FullProfessor(Planning&Sustainability),RheimsUniversityandHeadoftheInternationalResearch

CenteronSustainability(IRCS)ofRheims,RheimsUniversity,France• Mr Dipak Dasgupta, PrincipalEconomicAdviser,MinistryofFinance,GovernmentofIndia• Mr Seethapathy Chander, Director General, Regional and Sustainable Development Department concurrently Chief

ComplianceOfficer,AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippines• Ms Mary Barton-Dock, Director,ClimatePolicyandFinance,TheWorldBank,USA


The session focused on the prospects for emerging Asianeconomies maintaining their current growth trajectories whilesimultaneously reducing their carbon emissions. The sessionstressed on the necessity for Asian economies to make thetransition in the immediate rather than distant future cautioningthatadelayedshiftcouldexacerbatemitigationcosts,makingtheprocessanywherebetweentwotofivetimesasexpensive.

MrHaruhikoKurodadiscussedthenecessityofmulti-governmental,multi-sectoral, and multi-disciplinary collaborations as a pre-requisiteforachievingastateofdisaster-resistanceatanationallevel.HefurtherelaboratedthatmanyAsianeconomiesarealreadyadopting development models that utilize competitive greenindustriesandgreen technologies,and that thesedevelopmentmodelsandexperienceshavethepotentialtobereplicatedandadaptedonalargerscalethroughouttheAsianregion.DrBinduN

Lohaniexploredwhethermeasurestostrengthendisasterrelianceareactuallybeingimplemented.Hehighlightedthemagnitudeoftheproblem,stating thatAsia recordedover1.7millionhazard-related deaths between 1970 and 2010. With the widespreadeconomic growth prevalent in the Asian region, disaster lossesarerisingmorerapidlythantheregionisexpandingeconomically.Factors such as the demographic pressures of urbanization,informal settlements, and climate change are additional forcesthatwillcontinuetostraintheregion’slimitedresourcesandmakedisasterresiliencedifficulttoattain.DrLohaniaddedthatpricingcarbonisinitselfaninsufficientmeasureanditwillnotengendertheflowoffinanceandtechnologyacrossnationalborderswithinAsia. Asian economies must be willing to cooperate and aligntheir goals in order to make low-carbon products and servicescost-effective.

• Mr Haruhiko Kuroda, President,AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippines• Dr Bindu N Lohani, VicePresident,KnowledgeManagementandSustainableDevelopment,AsianDevelopment

Bank,ThePhilippines

Creating a Sustainable Asia through Disaster Resilience and Green Growth

Pricing carbon is in itself an insufficient measure and it will not engender the flow of finance and

technology across national borders within Asia

DrBinduNLohaniVicePresident,Knowledge

ManagementandSustainableDevelopment,

AsianDevelopmentBank,ThePhilippines


The problem statement presented to the panelists was thequestion,arewe,asconsumers,fullyawareofsustainability?Thepanelistsattemptedtoaddressthequestionwhilealsodiscussingchallengesandopportunitiesfromacrossthevarioussectorstheyrepresented,rangingfromlargemultinationalcorporationstothemediatogovernmentalandintergovernmentalorganizations.Thesessionchair,MrRonaldLanceIgnon,respondedthatwhilelargeswathes of people are often reduced to the simplistic categoryof consumers, sustainability requires the adoption of a broaderperspective. Mr Finn Andersen demonstrated the necessityof cross-cultural influences and collaboration in sustainabledevelopment. He presented Copenhagen as a case study andprovided numerous examples of the measures being taken bythecityas itaimstobethefirstcarbon-neutralcity in theworldby2025.MrBittuSahgalspokeofinter-generationalcolonization,drawing parallels with the geographic colonization of Indiain the past, and the ill-effects of environmental damage andspecies loss. He emphasized the current lack of a mechanismtocalculateecosystemcostinthecontextofresourceefficiency,intergenerational equity, and happiness, and urged immediateaction.MrAliTauqeerSheikhspokeaboutthesevenchallengesof

sustainability—carbonbudget,physicalimpact,economiccosts,timeframes,moreadaptationandlessmitigation,andpeopleandinstitutions.Hestressedontheneedforstudiestobeconductedacrossvariousindustrysectorsatnationalandsub-nationallevels.

MrGlennSchmidtfocusedonhowsustainabilitycouldbelookedatintermsofnewrevolutionswithregardtotechnologies.Hepointedouthowfrom1995to2012BMWhadbeenabletoreduceitscarbonoutputbyover30percentensuringsustainableandlow-carbongrowthwhilestillmaintainingahigh-standardofexcellenceandproducinghigh-qualityproducts.MrVenkateshVallurielaboratedonthreegeneralaspectsofsustainability—theconvergenceoftechnology; innovation and industry; and collective ownership.Healsoemphasizedontheneedforbusinessesandorganizationsto perform by creating value by finding climate solutions thatdeliver.SirJonathonPorrittstatedthatgovernmentsplayacriticalrole in enabling businesses and engaging people towardsadopting undertakings that aim to increase sustainabledevelopment.He also stated that the sum effect of civil societyandgovernmentisnotsufficientandinnovativemeasuresneedtobeundertaken.

Chair: Mr Roland Lance Ignon, Co-Director,NewYorkOffice,SitrickandCompany,USA

• Mr Finn Andersen, SecretaryGeneral,DanishCulturalInstitute,Denmark• Mr Glenn Schmidt, HeadofSteeringGovernmentAffairs,BMWAG,Germany• Mr Bittu Sahgal, Editor,SanctuaryAsiaandSanctuaryCubMagazines,India • Mr Venkatesh Valluri, Chairman&President,IngersollRand,India• Mr Ali Tauqeer Sheikh, DirectorAsia,ClimateandDevelopmentKnowledgeNetwork,Pakistan• Sir Jonathon Porritt, Co-Founder,ForumfortheFuture,UK

Sustainability Challenges across Sectors

Sustainability should be looked at in terms of new revolutions with regard

to technology

MrGlennSchmidt,HeadofSteeringGovernment

Affairs,BMWAG,Germany


Oneof themostodiousmythspromulgatedaboutsustainabilityis that it would involve sacrificing economic growth for betteroverall lifestyles across the planet and that sustainabledevelopment would lead to the loss of hundreds, eventhousands of jobs that are currently dependent on the existingglobal carbon-fuel based economy, particularly in a variety ofindustrial and manufacturing sectors. This, however, is not anentirelyaccuratepictureof theprojectedchanges in theglobaleconomy following the implementationofsustainablemeasures.Adiscussionabouthowthetransitiontoagreeneconomywouldaffectemploymentandeconomicgrowthwasconductedat theDelhi Sustainable Development Summit (DSDS) 2013 featuringpaneliststhatrepresentedthespectrumofprivate,governmental,non-governmental,andbilateralandmulti-lateralintergovernmentalorganizations. The panel discussed how to recognize and takeadvantageofbusinessopportunitieswhiletacklingthechallengesofclimatechangeandachievinggreengrowth.

Strategic initiatives in India that displayed the traits of greengrowthanddevelopment,suchasimprovedsocialequityamongstpeople in rural India and greater job opportunities in industrialsectorsthathaveasmallercarbonfootprint,werehighlighted.Theimportanceoftransparentandeasilyaccessibledata,specifically

from governmental sources, was stressed upon, as were thebenefits of such transparency and accessibility, viz., morecomprehensiveanalysisof theenergysectorwiththepossibilityof path-breaking insights. The Open Government Partnershipwas highlighted as a project worth noting. Panelists elaboratedthat rapid transformations in the energy market will encouragenew players to get involved and make a difference. There wasunanimity in thepanel that technologywillplayacrucial role inhelpingsocietiesachievegreengrowth.Itwasalsodeclaredthatgreateropportunitieslieintherealmofresourceefficiency.Thekeychallengeof the future, thepanelnoted, involves improving theenergyefficiencyofolderindustriesandthecreationofnewjobsinsustainableindustries.Towardsthisend,initiativesundertakenbythegovernmentofthePhilippinestofacilitateemploymentandthecreationofagreeneconomywereshowcased,particularlyinthecontextofclimate-smartagriculture.Oneofthechallengestofacilitatetheshift toemployment inagreeneconomyis theskillgapthatneedstobeaddressedviareformsintheeducationsector.

Thesessionconcludedwiththepanelagreeingthatfinancingholdsthekeytogreengrowth.Theyadvocatedamixbetweenoptimismandrealismwhileevaluatingexistingandfutureopportunities.

Moderator: Mr Mik Aidt, Journalist,DanishCentreforArtsandInterculture,Denmark

• Mr Martin Hiller, DirectorGeneral,RenewableEnergyandEnergyEfficiencyPartnership(REEEP),Austria• Mr Dirk Fransaer, ManagingDirector,VITO,Belgium• Ms Lise Grande, UNResidentCoordinatorandUNDPResidentRepresentative,India• Mr Heherson T Alvarez, Commissioner,ClimateChangeCommission,OfficeofthePresident,ThePhilippines• Dr Bindu N Lohani, VicePresident,KnowledgeManagementandSustainableDevelopment,AsianDevelopment

Bank,ThePhilippines• HE Mr Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser, PresidentoftheSixty-SixthSessionoftheUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly

andUNHighRepresentativefortheAllianceofCivilizations• Dr Richard L Sandor, ChairmanandCEO,EnvironmentalFinancialProductsLLC,USA

Employment and Growth Benefits of Green Economy

One of the challenges to facilitate the shift to employment in a green

economy is the skill gap that needs to be

addressed via reforms in the education sector


Forty-one years after the United Nations Conference on theHumanEnvironment inStockholmbrought the issuesofcarbonemissions to the forefront of intergovernmental discussions, thequestion of mitigating harmful emissions and adapting to thechanges inglobalclimate thatensue from theseemissionshasbeenavitaldiscussiontoensurethehealthandwell-beingoftheglobal human population. The panel at the DSDS 2013, whichhadtheresponsibilityofdebatingthevariousnuancesofclimatechangeandfindingwaystomitigatetheeffectsofgreenhousegasemissions,consistedofeminentexpertsonclimatechangeandsustainabilityfromawidecross-sectionofhumansocietywhobringwiththemadiversesetofpersonalandprofessionalexperiencesonissuesofclimatechangeandsustainabledevelopment.

MrJohnVidalelaborated the fact that toomuch timehasbeenwastedwithoutmakingconcreteprogresstowardsaddressingtheissuesofclimatechange.Consequently, theproblemofclimatechangeisnolongerfaraheadinthefuture,aspeoplethink;ratherit is happening right now. He emphasized that adapting to thebravenewworldofachangingglobalclimateisnottheprerogativeof developing countries alone; rather it is a responsibility thateven rich countries must address. The Hon’ble Greg Selingerhighlighted the need for adaptation approaches to be cateredspecifically to the regionwhere theyare tobeadopted,and tobuildresilienceamonglocalcommunities.TheroleofenvironmenteducationasameanstogenerateawarenessamongtheyoungpeopleofManitobawasdiscussedandMrSelingerhighlighted

the importance of involving the local community in sustainablepracticesbyprovidingthemwithjobsindevelopmentprojects.

Dr Subho Banerjee elucidated the importance of the rightbaselinewhereclimatechangeisincludedinthebaselineitself,highlightingtheneedforpolicy-makersandcaptainsof industryto takethe lead inmitigationandadaptationstrategies.Healsohighlightedthenecessitytomapanewpaththatwouldintegratecostsandbenefits inbothadaptationandmitigationmeasures.As the world’s only climate sink, Bhutan plays an invaluablerole inmitigatingclimatechangeandlimitingcarbonemissions.However,thefutureisfraughtwithperilforthelandofthethunderdragon,asDrUgyenTshewangpointedoutwhenhehighlightedBhutan’s particular vulnerability to climate change due to itsdependenceonglacier lakebasedhydropowerand livelihoodsbasedonagriculture.DrTshewangspokeaboutthepoliciesandlegislationsbeingframedtoprotecttheenvironmentbyBhutan’snewdemocraticparliament.Heunderlinedhismessage,statingthat all countries have to take a moral responsibility towardsabsorbing their own carbon emissions, rather than leaving it tosomeoneelseinafarawayland.

DrShuzoNishiokadescribedhowthreekeydevelopment-relatedefforts—theintroductionoftheTokyoMetro,cleanengines,andrapidinfrastructureinvestments—havehadasubstantialeffecton the carbon emission levels in Japan. Dr Nishioka asked thepanel toconsider the ideaof futurecompactcitieswithmoderninfrastructure and accessible public transport based on lower

Moderator: Mr John Vidal, EnvironmentEditor,TheGuardian,UK

Keynote Address: The Hon’ble Greg Selinger, PremierofManitoba,Canada

• Dr Subho Banerjee, DeputySecretary,Adaptation,International&RegulatoryGroup,DepartmentofClimateChangeandEnergyEfficiency,Australia

• Dr Ugyen Tshewang, Secretary,NationalEnvironmentCommission,Bhutan• Dr Shuzo Nishioka, SeniorResearchAdvisor,IGES&Secretary-General,LoCARNet/LCS-RNetSecretariat,Japan• Dr Naoko Ishii, CEO&Chairperson,GlobalEnvironmentFacility,USA• Mr Carl Pope, SeniorStrategicAdvisor,TheSierraClub,USA

Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change and Mitigating Emissions of Greenhouse Gases and Associated Co-benefits

Adapting to the brave new world of a changing global climate is not the

prerogative of developing countries alone; rather it’s a responsibility that

even rich countries must address.

MrJohnVidalEnvironmentEditor,TheGuardian,UK


GHG emissions. Dr Naoko Ishii discussed the current status ofinformationonadaptation,lessonslearned,andthewayforward.Shepointedouttheneedforasystemicresponsetomainstreamclimaterisksandadaptationandalsostressedontherequirementof an ecosystem or community-based adaptation model.MrCarlPopestressed thathumansneed touseecosystems tobuild resilience. He cited several examples of extreme climateconditionsfromaroundtheworld,andprovidedecosystem-basedmitigationmeasurestoprotectcommunities.

Asvariousspeakersexpressedtheiropinions,whichdivergedinsomeareasandwereunanimous inothers, itwasclear that theimpactsofclimatechangeand resourceefficiency isnotgoingtobelimitedtodevelopingnationsaloneandasaconsequenceallnations,NorthandSouth,willhavetofacesevereeconomic,social, and perhaps even political hardship as they try to stayabreastwiththesechangesimposedontheireconomyandsocialorderbyclimatechangeandresourceefficiency.


The citizens of the BRICS — Brazil, Russia, India, China, andSouthAfrica—acollectionofemergingeconomicsuperpowers,who thanks to their large populations and eagerness to provethemselves theequal toanyof thedevelopednations,hold thefutureeconomic,social,andecologicalwell-beingof theplanetin theirhands.As thesediverseanddisparatenationsbegin toenjoy their time in the limelighton theglobalgeopoliticalstage,they will be faced with difficult questions that will require themto take tough decisions in trying situations. During the DelhiSustainable Development Summit 2013, representatives ofnumerousinternationalorganizationsonclimatechange,finance,development, foodsecurity,and theenvironmentdiscussed thevarious and uncertain paths that have been laid out before theBRICSandhowtheirchoicesaregoingtohaveapivotalimpactondecidingthekindofworldthe21stcenturyisgoingtobe.Itisgoingtobenecessary forhumanityand for theglobalcivilization thatBRICSadopttheidealsofsustainabledevelopmentandquicklydeveloprenewableenergysourcesthatwillhelpcuretheplanet.ItwillalsobevitalforBRICStofindamodelofdevelopmentthatismoresociallyinclusivewhilebeinglessintrusiveandharmfultotheenvironment.Whilethismaysoundlikeanimpossibleseriesoftaskstothrustuponnationsthatareonlyslowlyemergingfromtheshadowsofoppression,poverty,isolation,orsomecombinationofthethree,thesenationshavechosenacriticaltimeinthehistoryofhumanitytoflowerandreachfortheirfullpotential.

During the session, the speakers elaborated upon the crucialissues facing the BRICS as they stride into the 21st century.

The persistent and ever-increasing economic divides andsocial inequalities prevalent in the BRICS is one of the biggestproblemsfacingthesenationsanditisimpossibletoexpectanyof the BRICS nations to truly achieve global superpowerdomwhile large swathes of their population die of famine or thirst.The solution to this, the panel believed, was innovation; theinnovative uses of energy, innovation in development to ensuresustained growth, and technological developments that alterpatterns of production and consumption. It is critical for thedifferences inBRICSnations tobeaddressedaseachof themposeaseriesofdauntingchallenges to thenation thatwill restresolve.TheBRICS,withtheirhighlevelsofGDPandpopulationgrowth,haveasignificantsayinachievingasustainablecollectivefuture.Theemphasiswasanthecurrentlevelsofdevelopmentarenotatthescalethatcouldreversetheenvironmentalchangesthathavealreadyoccurred.Therewasunanimousagreementamongpanelists that the core of the solution to making these nationssustainable was a synthesis between solutions of environmentand resource-related challenges. The distinguished speakersalsodrewclearparallelsbetweenenvironmentaldegradationandits impact on human societies either directly on those societieswhodependonnatural resources for their livelihoodor throughindirectmeans.Therewasafinalconsensusthatintergenerationalchangeatafundamental,systemiclevelwasessentialtoimprovehumansociety. Inconclusion, thepaneldiscussedthemeritsofthe ‘Three Zeros Strategy’, i.e., zero deforestation, zero carbonpowergeneration,andzerocarbontransportsystem.

Choices before the BRICS and a New Economic Construct

Intergenerational change at a fundamental, systemic level is essential to improve human society

Moderator: Ms Suhasini Haidar, SeniorEditor,CNN-IBN,India

• Dr Anindya Chatterjee, RegionalDirector,Asia,IDRC,India• Dr Prodipto Ghosh, DistinguishedFellow,TERI,India • Mr Peter Kenmore, RepresentativeinIndia,FAO,India• Ms Amina Mohamed, DeputyExecutiveDirector,UNEP,Kenya• Mr Adam Koniuszewski, ChiefOperatingOfficer,GreenCrossInternational,Switzerland• Mr Khalid Malik, Director,HumanDevelopmentReportOffice,UNDP,USA• Mr Walter Vergara, Chief,ClimateChangeandSustainabilityDivision,Inter-AmericanDevelopmentBank, USA


Building a green economy through a sustainble process wouldrequire a substantial revision in the way the global economyworks, along with significant alterations in the approaches andmethodologyimplementedindevelopment.Thetransitiontothisnew knowledge economy would require considerable amountof inertia from public and private organizations. The role ofsustainable development and how humanity can move to thenext phase of civilization, a pan-Earth sustainable knowledgeeconomybuiltusingcleanenergyandtheprinciplessustainabledevelopment was discussed by delegates who personified thewide spectrum of organizations and agencies present at theDelhi Sustainable Development Summit 2013. They will be thestakeholdersofthisnewglobalknowledgeeconomy.Thesessionbeganwithdeliberationsonhowanewknowledgeeconomy isessentialforsustainabledevelopment,inthelightofthenumerousproblems being faced by nations and individuals around theworldatpresentandtheproblemsthatlieaheadintheshortandlong-termfuture.Withcrisesonfood,water,andenergysecurityalreadycroppinguparoundtheworld,itwascriticalforthevastrepositoryofhumanlearningandwisdombeappliedtotheissuesofsustainabledevelopment.Beforewecanconsidertacklingtheseproblems,thereweresomeepistemological issuesthatrequiredclarification,includingtheissueofthefragmentation,andeventhepotentialbalkanizationofvariouskindsoflearning,whichmakesthe creation, dissemination, and application of multidisciplinarysolutions and ideas difficult. This transformational change, thepanelbelievedwouldhavetobeimplementedbyyoungpeople,

usinggrassrootlevelmovementsinordertospreadtheidealsofsustainabledevelopmentandattempttoactualizegreengrowth.

Another issuediscussedduringthesessionwasthatof fundingthistransformationalchange.Membersofthedistinguishedpanelbelieved thatbyeliminating fuelsubsidies,governmentswillbeabletogeneratethekindoffundsthatarenecessarytostimulateresearch in alternative fuels and other important aspects insustainabledevelopment.Theissue,thespeakerselucidated,wasnotthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies,whichwashappeningabundantly—andatapaceunlikeanythingeverseenatanypointin human history—rather it was applying these technologies tosolving the problems of climate change and resource security.One of the biggest benefits of a sustainable, green knowledgeeconomy would be the further growth it would spur with large-scaleprivateandpublicinvestmentsintechnologyandlearning.

The easiest way to achieve this knowledge economy of coursewould be by combining the best skills available throughout theworldintheformofcollaborations.Collaborationsandknowledgeexchange is an essential part of the process of sustainabledevelopmentasitwouldallowpeoplefromdisparatecornerstobeabletogaintheexperiencesandexpertiseoftheirfellowsfromallpartsoftheplanetandwillabletodisseminatethisknowledgeand learning to governments, civil society organizations, andotherstakeholdersinvolved.Apointraisedduringthesessionwasthatmostinnovationsarespurredonmycompetition,ratherthancooperation,apractice that themembersof thepanelbelieved

Chair: Dr Leena Srivastava, Vice-Chancellor,TERIUniversityandExecutiveDirector(Operations),TERI,India

• HE Dasho Paljor Jigmie Dorji, SpecialAdvisor,NationalEnvironmentCommission,Bhutan• Ms Helen Mountford, DeputyDirectorandEnvironmentDirectorate,OECD,France• Prof. Hironori Hamanaka, ChairoftheBoardofDirectors,InstituteforGlobalEnvironmentalStrategies(IGES),Japan• Dr S Wasaka, ExecutiveDirector,NewEnergyandIndustrialTechnologyDevelopmentOrganization(NEDO),Japan• Dr Lee Yee Cheong, Chairman, UNESCOInternationalScience,TechnologyandInnovationCentre,Malaysia• Mr Brice Lalonde, ExecutiveCoordinator,UnitedNationsConferenceRio+20,USA• Prof. Stephen Mulkey, President,UnityCollege,USA

Sustainable Development and a New Knowledge Economy

One of the biggest benefits of a sustainable,

green knowledge economy would be the further growth it would spur with large-scale

private and public investments in technology

and learning


was ultimately detrimental to the process of technologicalinnovation.Withgreater cooperation in innovating technologicalsolutionsforadaptingtoclimatechange,resourceshortages,andotherglobalissues,thecreationofanewgreenglobalknowledgeeconomy will be considerably hastened. Transformationalchangesinknowledgealsoneedtobeappliedepistemologically,astheacquiringanddisseminationofmultidisciplinaryknowledgeshould be encouraged and channels for the dissemination ofmultidisciplinary knowledge need to be created, especiallyamongacademicians. In thepedagogical realm, it is important,

thepanelbelieved,formanagementtraining,verbal,andwrittencommunicativeefficiency,andsynergybuildingtobeintegratedinto the education system. In order to bring about a change inthewaypeoplethink,especiallyyoungpeople,thepanelstronglybelievedthataparadigmshiftinthewaypeopleperceivesuccessandfailureneedstooccurandbychangingthepedagogyoftheeducation system, it will be possible to educate young peopleabout theproblemsofconsumptionandover-consumption,andhelpinspirethemtoapathtowardsgreengrowth.


Home to some of the world’s most economically backwardcountriesthatarealsoextremelypronetotheimpactsofclimatechange, it is crucial for Africa to forge a path towards climatechange adaptability, resource-efficient growth, and sustainabledevelopment.Thepanelandaudienceforthesessiononchalkinga resource-efficientpath forAfricaconsistedof leadingexpertsfrom non-governmental organizations, members of governmentfromAfricannations,andmembersofglobalpublicpolicy thinktanks. Dr Ligia Noronha began the session with a presentationonthecurrentstatusofcommodityextraction,resourcepotential,energy access, and climate change in Africa. The presentationhighlightedkeyproblems thatcontinue toplague thecontinent,such as low per capita energy consumption, water scarcity,and deforestation. The issue of physical trade imbalances andthe extremely low Human Development Index (HDI) rating ofnumerousnationswerealsodiscussed.Panelistswerenot onlyrequestedtofocustheirdiscussiononreducingdependencyonnatural resources forgrowth, rather theywereasked to thinkofsuitablewaysthatcanincreaseproductivity,andtofindwaystoeffectivelychoosetherightattributesforaresource-efficientpath.Illegal exploitation of land and prominent use of biomass andcharcoalasmajorsourcesofenergywereotherconcernsraisedduringthediscussion.

HE Prof. Daniel Samba Mukoko in his presentation mentionedthat mining, forestry, and oil will be the main industrial sectorsthatwilldriveeconomicgrowthintheregioninthecomingyears.He also highlighted the importance of focusing on reducingcarbon emissions, improving the quality of urban transportwithout increasing carbon emissions drastically, improvingwaste management, and generally improving energy efficiencyas the means to effect sustainable, regional development. DrPradeepMongadiscussedtheever-increasingroleoftheUnitedNationsIndustrialDevelopmentOrganisation(UNIDO)inAfrica’sdevelopment. Elucidating on UNIDO’s role in the continent,Dr Monga focused on UNIDO’s contributions in laying thefoundations for green industry, providing energy access to thepoor,helpingdevelop indigenouscarbonefficient technologies,and UNIDO’s flagship programme for building local capacitiesandmarket transformation forpromotingrenewableenergy.ThetargetofUNIDO’sefforts includesthepreparationofRenewableEnergy(RE)andEnergy-Efficient(EE)programmes.ThepanelistsconcludedthatthoughitmaybeearlyforAfricatothinktowardsreducing resource consumption, it could still continue to worktowardsinstitutionalcapacity-buildingalongwithhumancapacity-buildingforthebettermentofthecontinent.

Chair: Dr Ligia Noronha, ExecutiveDirector(ResearchCoordination),TERI,India

• Dr Pradeep Monga, Director,EnergyandClimateChangeBranch,UNIDO,Austria

• HE Prof. Daniel Samba Mukoko, VicePrimeMinisterandMinisterofBudget,DemocraticRepublicofCongo

• Mr Mahama Kappiah, Executive Director, ECOWAS Regional Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE),CapeVerde

Chalking the Resource-efficient Path for Africa

It may be early for Africa to think towards reducing resource consumption, it could still continue to

work towards institutional capacity-building along with human capacity-

building for the betterment of the continent


DrRKPachauriopenedthesessionbyintroducingtheinitiativeforgreengrowthanddevelopmentinIndiabetweenTERIandtheGlobal Green Growth Institute (GGGI). Dr Pachauri describedthesteps thatwouldbe taken inorder toachievegreengrowthin India, starting with a sector-level assessment across allstates thatwould identifyopportunitiesandeventually lead toasustainabledevelopmentpathway.Acountry likeIndianeedstoadapttochangingrealitiesandmovetowardsaresource-efficientpatternofdevelopment.TheGuestofHonour,MrBharratJagdeo,memberoftheGoverningCouncilofGGGI,appreciatedtheworkbeingdonebyTERIattheforefrontofdevelopingpathsforgreengrowthinIndia.Hementionedtheneedforvariousgreengrowthstrategiestobetailoredtolocalcircumstancesandconsistentwithknowledgeofthatregion.DrJasonEistalkedabouttheworkdoneby the GGGI in developing strategies towards a green growthparadigm.Accordingtohim,thepolicydesignforthesestrategiesneedstobeappropriatedatthenational,state,andlocallevels.

MrSureshKumarspokeabouttheMemorandumofUnderstanding(MoU) that theGovernmentofPunjabhassignedwithTERI.DrBharathi S Sihag mentioned the various steps that have beentaken by the Government of Himachal Pradesh to facilitategreen growth in the state. Dr Karan Avtar Singh emphasizedmicroeconomic perspectives of investment policy in Punjab

and elaborated that in order to facilitate green growth in thestate the government is taking steps to increase the accessto technology and markets for green growth. The sessionconcludedwiththesigningofanMoUbetweenTERIandGGGIin presence of Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission,MrMontekSinghAhluwalia.

Guest of Honour: HE Mr Bharrat Jagdeo, FormerPresidentofGuyana

Chair: Dr R K Pachauri, Director-General,TERI,India

Panelists:• Mr Suresh Kumar, PrincipalSecretary,DepartmentofScience,TechnologyandEnvironment,GovernmentofPunjab,India• Dr SS Negi, Director, DepartmentofEnvironment, ScienceandTechnology,GovernmentofHimachalPradesh,India• Dr Bharathi S Sihag, Principal Secretary, Forests, Environment and Scientific Technology, Government of Himachal

Pradesh,India• Dr Karan Avtar Singh, PrincipalSecretary,DepartmentofIndustriesandCommerce,GovernmentofPunjab,India• Dr Jason Eis, DeputyDirector–LondonOffice,GlobalGreenGrowthInstitute,UK

Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI)–TERI Initiative for Green Growth and Development in India

There is need for various Green Growth strategies

to be tailored to local circumstances, which

are consistent with knowledge of that region

HEMrBharratJagdeoFormerPresidentofGuyana

Them

atic

Tr

acks


DrRKPachaurideliveredthewelcomeaddressforthisthematictrack, where he broadly outlined the fact that the currenttransportationparadigmisboth,highlypollutingandresponsibleforsignificantamountsofgreenhousegasemissionsthatleadtoclimate change. Dr Pachauri advocated technologies that canalter individual mobility patterns to make them environmentallybeneficialandsustainable.MrMFFarooqui,Secretary,MinistryofHeavyIndustriesandPublicEnterprises,spokeofhoweconomicgrowth and an increase in the number of vehicles are closelyinterlinked,andoutlinedthechallengesthatthistrendhasposedhistoricallyaroundtheworldandwillpose in the future in India.StoppingtheeconomicgrowthofIndiancitizensisnotanoption,thusMrFarooquipresentedafour-prongedapproachthatinvolvedimprovementsinurbanplanning,infrastructure,softenablers,andindividual mobility. Urban planning, Mr Farooqui felt, plays themostimportantroleinthelotasitdeterminestheeffectivenessofthe remaining three factors.Cities in Indiaare ill-plannedurbansprawlsthatmakemobilityextremelydifficult.Newurbandesignswillhave to take individualmobilityand lowpollution levels intoconsideration. Infrastructure would be important, as the qualityof efficiency is dependent on numerous factors that are withinthe purview of infrastructure planning. Speaking of fossil fuels,

MrFarooquistatedthatdependenceonfossilfuelsfortransportneeds to change and that renewable energy powered electricmobilityisthewaveofthefuture.Helinkedthiswiththeneedtodevelophighlyskilledmanufacturingcapabilitywithinnovationasacornerstoneof India’smanufacturingvaluechain.Heoutlinedthescopeforthesession,suggestingthatpeoplediscusswaysto limitcarbondioxideemissions, increaseefficiency,andbringaboutashifttoelectricmobility.

Thesessionchairpersonconductedaquickpolltomeasurethemeansoftransportmembersoftheaudiencehadusedtoarriveatthevenue,mostofwhomhadarrivedinacar.ComparingthistotheresultofasimilarpollatasummitinLondonin2012,theresulthighlightedhowfarIndiaisfromlowcarbonmobilityinitsurbanzones.MrDrewKodjakspokeprimarilyonregulations,governmentpolicy,andsystemicresponsestoissuesofclimatechangeandoil security in international markets. Mr Kodjak described howsuccessful some policies have been to stop carbon emissionsby illustratingthefact thatefficiencyregulationshavealsobeenplacedonships.HeexploredthebiggestmarketsforautomobilesintheworldandIndia’splaceintherankings.MrKodjakdisplayedenergy consumption as a function of vehicle type and then

Chair: Mr M F Farooqui, Secretary(HI),MinistryofHeavyIndustriesandPublicEnterprises,GoIModerator: Mr Martin Wright, Editor-in-Chief,GreenFutures

Panelists:• Mr Drew Kodjak, ExecutiveDirector,InternationalCouncilonCleanTransportation • Mr Vishnu Mathur, DirectorGeneral,SocietyofIndianAutomobileManufacturers • Mr Sohinder Gill, ChiefExecutiveOfficer,GlobalBusinessforHeroEcoGroupandDirector-CorporateAffairs,

SocietyofManufacturersofElectricVehicles• Mr Glenn Schmidt, MBA,HeadofSteeringGovernmentAffairs,BMWGroup

Thematic TracksMaking Individual Mobility Low Carbon and SustainableIn partnership with BMW

Urban planning and new urban designs will have to incorporate individual mobility and low pollution levels into consideration

MrMFFarooquiSecretary(HI),Ministryof

HeavyIndustriesandPublicEnterprises,GoI


exploredthefleetofvehiclesinanationbytype.AfactorthathelpsIndia’svehicleefficiencyisthatIndiancarsaremuchlighterandhavesmallerengines,whichplaceIndiawithJapanandEuropeas one of the most fuel-efficient automotive markets worldwide.Mr Kodjak’s study also showed that regulatory practices havehelpedleveloffglobalgreenhousegasemissionsdespiterisingvehicle sales, and with new regulations, better mass transitsystems and efficient vehicles greenhouse gas emissions areprojectedtofall.MrVishnuMathurhighlightedstatisticsregardingthe sales of vehicles in India and highlighted the spectaculardecrease in particulate emissions. Passenger cars and SUVscontribute around 2 per cent of India’s total carbon footprint,MrMathurpointedout.Despitetheimprovementsinthelastdecadeortwo,therearestillmanythingsasyetleftundoneintheIndianautomobile industry; such as lead-time to adjust to regulations,or regulations that leave the industry bearing heavy costs andinfrastructurethatsupportshighfuel-efficiencycarsontheroad,aswellashigher-gradefuels.MrSohinderGillspokeaboutthesheervolume of two-wheelers in India and the introduction of electrictwo-wheelers,aneventinIndianautomobilehistory.Hedescribedthemaintriggerbehindthehighgrowthofelectrictwo-wheelersas thepurportedpriceadvantage,butprimarily the incentive isdemand.Healsodescribedtheissuesfacedbythemanufacturerswith electric two-wheelers: the batteries are unreliable since

they have been designed for European conditions where heat,humidity,anddustlevelaremuchlower.Thus,MrGill,explained,Hero Electric is doing better internationally than in India. AnadditionalreasonthatMrGillfeltwasthattheelectrictwo-wheelerhasnotreachedtheapexofitsdevelopmentinIndiaduetotheintermittentsupplyofelectricitytoruralIndia.MrGillhighlightedthatthesolutionforthisisindevelopingsolar-poweredchargingstations in the city. He pointed out that extensive research anddevelopment inbatteries is required to improve thequality andlongevityofthebatteries.MrGlennSchmidtspokeaboutthelifecycleof technologyadoption,beforedescribing theworkbeingdone at BMW to improve efficiency using the technique knownas“efficientdynamics”.MrSchmidtspokeofhowanytechnologytakesawhile tobeadopted,maturesas the industrystandard,andiseventuallyusurpedbythenextbigthing.Speakingoftheoption of electric mobility, Mr Schmidt spoke about becomingawareand learningabout the impactsof youraction.BMW’s i3electriccarwasshowcasedaswell,asMrSchmidtspokeofthebenefitsofBMW’snewelectricmobilityvehicles,anddescribedhowtheintendeduseofsuchavehicle istorunquickintra-cityjourneys, as opposed to the long-distance journeys of a fossilfuelcar.MrSchmidtendedwithaninterestingstatisticaboutthechangedopinionofpeopleinJapantowardselectricmobilityaftertheFukushimadisaster.


Low Carbon Sustainable Mobility for All

The session commenced with welcome remarks by Dr R KPachauri.DrPachaurihighlightedtheneedtopromotetransportsolutions which suit the societal needs and promoted thewell-beingforall.Heemphasizedthatinordertoeliminatepoverty,itisimportanttoprovidemobilitychoicestoall.MrBISinghalemphasized that therewasaneed toprobehowlow carbon mobility for all could be achieved. He highlightedthatcurrently theCMPspreparedby thecitiesarenot inclusiveandcompletely ignore theneedfor lowcarbonandsustainablemobility.The reviewofCMPsofselectedcitiesbroughtout thatimplementation of the suggested strategies would not maketoo much of a difference from the business-as-usual scenario.Therefore,hesuggested that therewasaneed toadoptanewapproachandchangethewaysCMPsarecurrentlydesigned.

MrDrewKodjakemphasizedontheneedtoimproveandpromotepublictransportasasustainablemodeoftransportinIndiancitiesasalargeproportionofthepoorpopulationisdependentonpublictransport(PT)fortheirdailytravel.Hesaidthatthemodalsharesin India were in favour of PT and therefore the main challengeforourcitieswastoretainthesesharesinfuture.Hehighlighteddifferentpolicy optionsunder theAvoid-Shift-Improveapproachthat could help in promoting the use of PT in Indian cities. Heemphasized on three key strategies including infrastructuralimprovements,introductionoffiscalpoliciestodiscouragevehicle

ownership(highparkingcharges,fueltaxes,etc.)andintegratedland use and transport planning as possible solutions to retainandincreasetheshareofPT.

Next,Prof.DineshMohanmentionedtheneedtopromotesafetyinIndiancityroads,whichhesaidwascommandedbystreetdesignandcitystructure.Designinterventionssuchasnosetbacksinfrontofbuildings,accommodatingstreetvendors/hawkersonstreets,lowspeedzones,etc.,wouldhelpachievebettersafetylevelsandwouldpromotewalkingandbicycling,hesaid.Hehighlightedthatsolely promoting PT was not a solution and that non-motorizedtransport(NMT)modessuchaswalkingandbicyclingshouldalsobegivenequal importanceinordertobuildcompact,safe,andlivablecommunities.

Prof.GeetamTiwarisecondedtheissuesraisedbyProf.Mohananddiscussedthereasonsfor lackofpriority toNMTs in Indiancities. She said that currently projects and investments in thetransportationsectoraredominatedbymotorized transportandconstructionprojects.NMTSandinformalmodesoftransportarethemostneglectedmodesatalllevelsofpolicymaking,planningaswellasinvestments.SheemphasizedthattherewasaneedtoplanIndiancitiesdifferentlyandsignificantreformsarerequiredattheplanningaswellasdesignlevels.Shealsosaidthatitwascrucialthatinvestmentsareadequatelyplanned.

Moderator: Mr Martin WrightChair: Mr B I Singhal, DirectorGeneral,InstituteofUrbanTransport,India

Panelists: • Mr Drew Kodjak, ExecutiveDirector,InternationalCouncilonCleanTransportation • Ms Stephanie Draper, ExecutiveDirector,ForumfortheFuture • Prof. Dinesh Mohan, VolvoChairProfessorEmeritus,IITDelhi • Mr Glenn Schmidt, HeadofSteeringGovernmentAffairs,BMWAG• Prof. Geetam Tiwari, DepartmentofCivilEngineering,IITDelhi

In Partnership with BMW

There is need to improve and promote public transport as a sustainable mode of transport

in Indian cities as a large proportion of the poor population is dependent on public transport

for their daily travel

MrDrewKodjakExecutiveDirector,InternationalCouncil

onCleanTransportation


Mr Glenn Schmidt made a presentation on innovative mobilitysolutionswhichincludedvariousinnovativeproductsandservicesoffered by BMW that promoted car sharing, fleet management,parkingservices,andmobilitymanagement.

MsStephanieDraper inherpresentationdiscussedthemobilitychallenges facedbymegacitiesandhighlighted that innovationwasrequiredatall levels including technological,systematicaswellasbehaviouralchanges.Shealsosuggestedcertainstrategicmeasures that could help move towards sustainable mobility infuture. These include integrated development, priority to more

sustainable modes of transport, use of appropriate technology(IT networks), discouraged use of cars, etc. She emphasizedthat the problems had to be solved together and there was ahugeopportunityaroundbuildingCMPstherightwayinordertoachievesustainablemobilityforall.

At theend, themoderatorasked thepanelists to list the issueswhichtheysawaskeybarrierstosustainablemobilityandwouldwanttodealwithonaprioritybasis.Discussionswiththepanelistsbrought forward the fact that there was a need to integrateinvestmentsandinfrastructurewithpriorityonNMTinfrastructure.


Thematic Consultation on Energy: Post-2015 Development Agenda and Energy Future We Want for All

Aco-presentationbetweenTheEnergyandResources Institute(TERI)andtheUnitedNations(UN),thethematicconsultationonenergyfeaturedadistinguishedpanelconstitutedofleadingglobalexpertsintherealmofenergydevelopmentdebatingthesalientissues of what ought to constitute the post-2015 developmentagendaandwaystoachieveenergyaccessforall.Thesessionfacilitated an open exchange of ideas between concernedstakeholders on the methodology of integrating energy into thelargerdevelopmentagendaofapost-MDGworld.TheeightUNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs)werebuiltonthevaluesand principles central to the Millennium Declaration, namely,qualityandequity.Despitebeingframedwithoutcomprehensiveconsultations,nationsreadilyacceptedtheMDGsandintegratedthem in their own national policies. Consequentially, countrieslike India have made noteworthy achievements in reducingincomepovertyandHIVcases,andimprovingschoolenrolmentsand maternal and child health. A post-2015 strategy for globaldevelopmentwouldunderstandablyrequireafreshandrethoughtsetofdevelopmentgoals.

The fresh set of MDGs should be framed in a consultativeprocess,involvingmultiplestakeholders,includingthosewhoaregenerallyunheard—theyouthandthecivilsociety.Theoriginaleight Millennium Development Goals laid incomplete emphasisontwovitalfactorsinfluencingdevelopment:EnergyandClimate

Change. Acknowledging this oversight, the United Nationsannouncedtheyear2012asthe‘YearforSustainableEnergyforAllandfurtheraccounted2014–24astheDecadeofSustainableEnergy forAll’.Lackofaccess toenergy isaglobal threat toanation’seconomicgrowth,itssocialequity,andtothepreservationof theenvironmentandclimate.Thiswaselucidatedpithilywiththephrase,“NoEnergy,NoMDG”.Energywascentraltoensuringaccomplishmentofotherdevelopmentgoals,particularlyrelatedtoclimateandhealth.

Thepanelagreedthattherewastherequirementforaconsultationto emphasize the need for energy access to bolster economicprocesses. Five framing issues for the consultation for thepost-2015 development agenda with regard to energy for allwerediscussed:1. Universal access to modern energy:Thiswouldalsorequire

energyefficiencymeasuresforagriculture,small-scale,andlarge-scaleindustries.

2. Contribution of energy access to economic growth with low environmental footprint: This would encouraging nationsto utilize less energy-intensive industries and promoterenewableenergy.

3. Mobilization of resources for enabling energy access:Thiswould involve engaging the private sector through moreinvestmentsintheenergysectorandstrategicpartnershipswiththepublicsector.

Moderator: Mr Minoru Takada, SeniorPolicyAdvisoronEnergy,UN

Panelists:• Mr Arvinn Eikeland Gadgil, Hon’bleDeputyMinisterforInternationalDevelopment,Norway• Dr R K Pachauri, Director-General,TERI,India• Dr Kirit S Parikh, Chairman, Expert Group on Low Carbon Strategies for Inclusive Growth, Planning Commission,

GovernmentofIndia• Ms Jyoti Shukla, SeniorManager,SustainableDevelopment,WorldBank• The Hon’ble Marie-Hélène Aubert, AdvisertothePresidentofFrenchRepublicforInternationalNegotiationsonClimate

andEnvironment,France• Ms Lise Grande, UNResidentCoordinatorandUNDPResidentRepresentative,India

In Partnership with UN Foundation

Lack of access to energy is a global threat to a nation’s

economic growth, its social equity, and to the preservation of

the environment and climate


4. Making clean technology affordable for all 5. Policies and mechanisms for enhanced public–private

partnerships

A cricitical issue emphasized in energy development was thatevenwhensolutionsweredeveloped,thereachandaccessofthesolutionswereinequitable.Toillustratethescopeoftheproblem,it was highlighted that three billion people worldwide are stilldependantontraditionalbiomassstovesfortheircookingneeds.Itwaselucidated that fortune liesat thebottomof thepyramid;thereisasustainablemarketopportunity inruralenergyaccessin the long-term, and TERI’s Lighting a Billion Lives campaign,whichhasimpacted400,000householdsinIndia,wascitedasanexample.Thestrengthofthecampaignlayindecentralizationoftechnologytoensureitsreachtothemostneglectedsectionsoftheruralcommunity.Thereisanurgentneedforconcertedglobalaction to address the inattention that the under-privileged havebeensubjectedtoinnationalcentralizedplanningprocesses.

Energy access is critical for economic growth in any nation.Themembersofthepanelbelievedthattheoverarchinggoalofthe post-2015 development agenda should be putting an endto poverty and guaranteeing sustainability for this generationand agreed that energy access, by definition, must includeavailabilityofenergyforproductiveneeds,andnotjusttheregularconsumptive needs of a household. Of course, providing suchsustainableenergy forallwould requiresubstantial investmentsfrom the private sector; the World Bank estimates the cost ofensuringenergyaccessforallatUS$1,000billion.Thistabwillhavetobesharedwiththeprivatesector,andthatwouldrequireafairandencouragingpricingpolicy,alongwithviablemarketstoencourageprivatesectorinvestmentsintheenergysector.

Energy efficiency continues to be the most easily reachablemeasure that can be taken by governments to make energyavailable to the poorer sections of the nation. The InternationalEnergy Agency estimates that doubling energy efficiency inAsia would ensure energy access to all of its population withcurrent levels of energy consumption. It was suggested thatenergyaccessshouldbedefinedasreceivingatleast1kWhofenergyperday,whichshouldbeenoughtomeetahousehold’sconsumptiveneedsalongwithacertainextentof itsproductiveneedsandforafewactivitiesrelatedtocomfortandentertainment.

Thisdefinitionshouldencompasstheavailabilityofcleancookingfuel tohouseholds,whichwouldreduce indoorairpollutionandremovedrudgery.Gaswashighlightedasapotentialsolution,beit natural gas, biogas, liquefied petroleum gas, or wood-basedgas.Hence, theSustainableEnergy forAll agendashouldalsohave,asitssub-goals,removingindoorairpollution,encouragingrenewableenergy,promotingenergyfromnon-pollutingsources,and reducing carbon emissions. However, before sustainableenergyforallcanbeensured,nationswillhavetoaddressthreemajorchallengestoenergyaccess,namely:Technological challenges: The primary technological challengepertainingtorenewableenergyiscost,inadditiontowhichthereareproblemsrelatedtoenergyabsorption,efficiency,andstorage.Economic challenges:Despitethepositivefocusondecentralizedenergy solutions, it cannot be overlooked that the cost ofgeneration and distribution increase when energy generation isdecentralized,andtheendbeneficiariescannotbearthecostofenergyaccess.Institutional challenges:Institutionalmodelsforenergyaccessareseverelylimitedbywantofskillsandmanagerialcapacitiestorunthesystem.

Anothersubstantialroad-blocktoensuretechnologyadoptionisnotthetechnologyitself,butitthebehaviouralpatternsoftheruralcommunityit isintendedtohelp.It isessentialtochangehabitsalongwithtechnologyinnovation,toensurethatenergyreachesall through technological solutions. This effort would requirecollaborations between professionals from diverse streamsof study including, but not limited to, sociology, economics,philosophy,physics,andengineering.

TheInternationalEnergyAgencyestimatesthatensuringenergyaccesstoallacrossAfricawouldrequireaninvestmentofcloseto US$ 48 billion. A very high amount of resources would thushavetobedivertedtowardsthecauseofsustainableenergyforall.Thepanelmembersopinedthattheremustbeajudiciousmixofgrantsandloanstofundenergy-relatedprojectsindevelopingnations in the coming years. It was agreed that there is a direneed to have a regulatory framework that motivates privateinvestment inenergy.Thepaneldiscussionexhorted theglobalcommunitytobebrave,tohaveaglobalfundforenergyaccess,tobegeographicallyspecific,andtobetechnicallypreparedtoaddresslocalchallenges.


Global Trends in Sustainable Production, Procurement, and Sourcing of Edible Oils

The thematic track on global trends in sustainable production,procurement, and sourcing of edible oils witnessed numerousspeakers from across the spectrum of the edible oil industrydiscuss concrete measures that can make the supply chain ofpalmoilsustainable.Themajorchallengefacingthissectorthatwasdiscussedduringthethematictrackwasenablingsustainableprocessesalong theentiresupplychain‚ from farm to fork.Thespeakersat the thematic trackbelieved that thischallengecanbeovercomeandtheentirepalmoilsupplychaincanbemadesustainable.Someofthemeasuresproposedbythespeakerstoensure sustainability included creating sustainable and strongalliancesbetweenfarmersandprocessors,conservingthehighly

delicateandfragileoilbelts’ecologicaldiversity,anddevelopingstandards of sustainability in collaboration with sustainableagriculturenetworks.

Asoneofthelargestimportersofpalmoil,therewasunanimousconsensusamongstthedelegatespresentatthethematiceventthat it is imperativeforIndiatofocusonsustainableproduction,procurement and sourcingof thepalmoil.Other keychallengeareasdiscussedintheprocessofsecuringsustainableproductionandprocurementofpalmoil includeddeforestation, traceability,forcible land acquisition for cultivation, and connectingsustainableusersandproducers.AreporttitledPalm Oil Market and Sustainability in India–2013waslaunchedbyWWF.

Opening Remarks • Mr Nitin Desai, Former Under Secretary General of the United Nations and Distinguished Fellow, The Energy and

ResourcesInstitute,India• Mr Ravi Singh, SecretaryGeneralandCEO,WWFIndia

Keynote Address: Mr Darrel Webber, SecretaryGeneral,RoundtableonSustainablePalmOil,Malaysia

Moderator: Mr Adam Harrison, SeniorPolicyOfficer–FoodandAgriculture,WWF

Panelists: • Mr Ishteyaque Amjad, DirectorCorporateAffairs,CargillIndia• Mr Dave Challis, Director-GlobalSustainability,Environment,Health,andSafety,ReckittBenckiser• Mr Prakash Chawla, ManagingDirector,KamaniOilIndustriesPvt.Ltd• Mr Bob Norman, GeneralManager,Book&ClaimLtd• Mr Nitin Paranjpe, CEOandManagingDirector,HindustanUnileverLimited

In Partnership with Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), WWF, Consumer Goods Forum (CGF)

As one of the largest importers of palm oil, there was unanimous

consensus amongst the delegates present at

the thematic event that it is imperative for India to focus on sustainable

production, procurement, and sourcing of the

palm oil


Mindset of Green Growth

Achange inmind-setandbehaviour isessentialatall levels inorder to ensure resource efficiency and green growth. A jointsessionbyTheEnergyandResources Instituteand theDanishCulturalInstitutediscussedtheapproachthatcanbeinitiatedtoinculcatesuchachangeinthemind-setofpeopletowardsgreengrowth.Apart fromformulatingdifferentapproachesandanglesfromwhichthetopicofgreengrowthcanbeapproached,theremustbeafocusonnewmodesofthinkingandactionthatisinlinewith the aim of the international network—‘Culture/Futures: TheTransitiontoanEcologicalAge’.

Astheissueathandwasbehaviouralattitudestogreengrowth,adiverserangeoftopicssuchasgreenarchitectureasanalternativetoenergy-intensivebuildingsandtheuseofbiologicalecosystemsinthem,thedevelopmentofcleantechnology,andtrainingfuturemanagerswithafocusonbusinessandsustainability.Thepanelalsomentionedaneedtofocusonensuringexecutivetrainingonsustainabilityissuesinbusinessschoolcurriculaandconcludedwith recommendations on the use of clean technologies withaggressive targets for carbon-neutral growth based on theQuebecmodel.

In Partnership with Danish Cultural Institute

Moderator: Mr Finn Andersen, SecretaryGeneral,DanishCulturalInstitute

Panelists: • Mr Olaf Gerlach-Hansen, Culture/FuturesDirector,DanishCulturalInstitute• Ms Mili Majumdar, Director,SustainableHabitatDivision,TERI• Ms Mette Morsing, Professor,CopenhagenBusinessSchoolandCo-Director,CBSSustainabilityPlatform• Mr Kasper Guldager Jørgensen, ArchitectMAA,Partner,DirectorofGXN • Mr Denis Leclerc, PresidentandCEO,EcotechQuebec

A change in mind-set and behaviour is essential at

all levels in order to ensure resource efficiency and

green growth.


Governance and Management Challenges in Water-Use Efficiency

Thereareover700millionpeoplein43countriesintheworldwhopresently live inwater-stressedconditions.Theendowmentanddistributionoffreshwaterresourcesvariesacrosstheworld;only3 per cent of the Earth’s total water content is fresh water, andover2percentofthisislockedinicecapsandglaciers,leavingless than 1 per cent of the Earth’s water usable for a growingpopulationof7billionpeople.Thisproblemofinequitableresourceendowmentisasmuchanissueaswaterscarcity.Theinnumerablevariationsandregionalvulnerabilitiesprevalentacrosstheplanet,oftenonaccountofgeographicallocation,leadtounequalfreshwater distribution with greater runoffs in high latitudes and wettropicalregionsandlowerrunoffsinthemid-latitudes.

Ironically, nearly two-thirds of the world’s population resides inareasreceivingonlyone-quarteroftheworld’stotalannualrainfall.Waterresourceendowmentandwater-useefficiencydeterminethewatersecurityoftheregion.Resource-useefficiencyisafunctionofgoodgovernance.Indiscriminateuseofwaterbystakeholderscanbeattributedtodistortedsectoralpolicies,suchasirrigationsubsidiesandnil/lowwatertariffs.Sincemanyeconomicsectorsareheavilydependentonasteadyandconstantsupplyoffreshwater, inter-sectoral policy implications assume significance.

Policiesforinterlinkedsectorsshouldbedevisedafterevaluatingsectoralimplicationsinitsentiretyandthiscanbeachievedonlythrough good governance practices at all levels to ensure theefficientmanagementofnaturalresources.

Dr Srinivasan Iyer’s introductory remarks described India’swater resource scenario and highlighted aspects such aswaterloss,irrigationpotential,andvariabilityinspatialandtemporaldistributionofwater.DrAndreasCarlgrenofferedstrategiesfromSweden’s experience, including using system approaches andfinancialinvestments.MrRussellRollasoncomparedtheMurray-DarlingRiversysteminAustraliaandtheGangabasininnorthernIndia,statingthatbothhavemultiplestakeholdersanddiscussedwater management strategies during scarcity. Dr PradiptoGhoshexplainedNobelLaureateElinorOstrom’seightprincipleswith applicability in common property resource management.MrCrispinoLobodescribedintegratedapproachesforWatershedManagement in rain-fed semi-arid areas, recommendinggroundwaterrechargeandinvolvementofusersandtechnologies.Finally,thepanelstronglyrecommendedenhancementofwater-useefficiencythroughpartnerships,economicinstruments,bettertechnologies,education,andparticipatorymanagement.

In partnership with UNDP, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, Embassy of Switzerland

Chair:Dr Srinivasan Iyer,AssistantCountryDirector,UNDP

Panelists:• Mr Andreas Carlgren,BoardMember,StockholmEnvironmentInstitute,andFormerMinisterfortheEnvironment,Sweden• Dr Prodipto Ghosh,DistinguishedFellow,TERI,India• Mr Crispino Lobo,ManagingTrusteeofWatershedOrganizationTrust(WOTR),EmbassyofSwitzerland• Mr Russell Rollason,FirstSecretary,ClimateChangeandEnergySecurity,AusAID,AustralianHighCommission,India

Nearly two-thirds of the world’s population resides

in areas receiving only one-quarter of the world’s total annual rainfall. Water

resource endowment and water-use efficiency

determine the water security of the region


Reducing Inequalities: A Sustainable Development Challenge

The seventh edition of ‘A Planet for Life’ series — Reducing Inequalities: A Sustainable Development Challenge — waslaunched during Delhi Sustainable Development Summit(DSDS) 2013 and this track session was conducted on thetheme of the book. The book was the result of a partnershipbetween The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) andthe Institute for Sustainable Development and InternationalRelations (IDDRI). A selected passage from the book wasread and the book’s Associate Editors, Mr Raphael Jozan andMrSanjiviSundar,werefelicitatedfortheirextraordinaryworkofcompiling30contributionsfrom53differentauthorsfromaround

theworldtocreatealandmarkworkinsustainabledevelopment.Reducing Inequalities: A Sustainable Development Challengewas then launched by the esteemed panel present, featuringMr Remi Genevey, Executive Director, AFD; Ms LaurenceTubiana, Director, IDDRI; and Ms Aude Flogny, RegionalDirector for South Asia, AFD. Following the launch, MrRaphael Jozan addressed the gathering, speaking of his longassociation with TERI and the DSDS and offered his thanks toTERIPressinparticular.HethankedDrRKPachauriandDrJeffreySachs,whohadspokenpriortothissessionfortheirinsightsandlinkedittothetopicscoveredinthebook.

Welcome remarks: Dr R K Pachauri, Director-General,TERI

Panelists: • Mr Rémi Genevey, ExecutiveDirector,AgenceFrancaisedeDeveloppement(ADF)• Mr Raphaël Jozan, AssociateEditorofAPlanetforLifeSeries/SustainableDevelopmentinAction,AgenceFrancaise

deDeveloppement(ADF)• Ms Laurence Tubiana, Director,InstituteforSustainableDevelopmentandInternationalRelations(IDDRI)• Ms Aude Flogny, RegionalDirectorforSouthAsia,AgenceFrancaisedeDeveloppement(ADF)

In Partnership with AFD


Sustainable Transport System: Introduction of High Speed Rail in India (HSR)

Mr Shri Prakash welcomed all the presenters, panelists, andparticipantstothesessionandopenedthethematictrackontheHigh Speed Rail (HSR) by throwing light on how this particularsubjecthasbeendebatedinIndiaforalmost25years.Withthis,heinvitedMrSarbojitPaltomakeapresentationofthecurrentworkthatTERIhasbeenjointlyundertakingwithITPSonevaluatingtheimpactsofHSRinIndia.

Mr Sarbojit Pal in his presentation gave insights to the currentregional passenger mobility patterns across India. He pointedoutthatthepassengertrafficdensitiesareparticularlyhighalongspecific corridors across the country. One of the high densitycorridorsthatemergedwasthecorridorbetweenAhmedabadandMumbai.Thiswasoneofthecorridorsthathadbeenidentifiedbythe study as possible corridors for HSR in India. Subsequently,he took the audience through the findings of the impact studyfor this particular corridor and brought to their attention theneed to improve and encourage rail travel in India because ofits low impacts on the overall energy use and emission levels.In thiscontext,he introducedtherequirement foraHighSpeed

Rail (HSR)network in India tomeet thepassengerneedswhilemeetingenergyandenvironmentrequirements.

The following presentation was made by Mr Yosuke Takadafrom ITPS, Japan. Mr Takada emphasized the necessity andimportanceofintroducingHSRandgaveinsightsontheJapaneseperspectivesandexperiencesofrunningtheShinkansenforover40 years without a single casualty. He mentioned the primaryfactors which could enhance the benefits of HSR in the IndiancontextwhiledrawingfromtheJapaneseexperiencei.e.,locationofstationsofHSRandtheintervalsbetweenstations.

Given the presentation of the findings from the various studies,MrShriPrakash invitedMrVinayMittal toput forwardhis ideasandperspectivesonthecurrentissue.MrMittalspokeabouttheinitiativestakenupbyIndianRailwaystointroduceHSRovertheyearsandgavehistoricalperspectiveofothercountrieswhohaveimplementedHSRprojects.Heemphasized thatby introducingHSR, Indiacouldachieveawin-winsituationbycatering to thesegment of traffic which is undergoing rapid growth slowlytranslating either as increased road or air traffic with far higher

In Partnership with ITPS

Welcome Remarks:Mr Shri Prakash,DistinguishedFellow,TERI

Presentation by TERI and ITPS:• Mr Sarbojit Pal,AssociateFellow,TERI• Mr Yosuke Takada,DirectorofInternationalAffairsOffice,InstitutionforTransportPolicyStudies(ITPS)

Panel Discussion:Chair:Mr Vinay Mittal,ChairmanRailwayBoard,GovernmentofIndia

Moderator:Mr Shri Prakash,DistinguishedFellow,TERIandFormerMember(Traffic),RailwayBoard,GovernmentofIndia

Panelists:

• Mr R Sivadasan,FormerFinancialCommissioner,RailwayBoard• Dr Anupam Khanna,ChiefEconomistandDirectorGeneral (policy),NASSCOM&PrincipalAdviser,NationalTransport

DevelopmentPolicyCommittee• Mr Jitendra Sondhi,Consultant,WorldBank


pollution levels thanHSR.Hehighlighted thatdespite themanyadvantages of HSR, the highly capital-intensive system andconstraintsindrawingfundingunderthePublicPrivatePartnership(PPP)modehavebeendiscouragingattempts.Hestressedthatthe Mumbai to Ahmedabad line is under consideration by thegovernmentforbringingHSRtoIndiawithimportoftechnology.

MrRSivadasan,thenextpanelisttalkedabouthisexperiencesandtheeffortsheandhisteamhadtakenregardingHSRandraisedthequestionof India’sneed forHSR.Heemphasized thatHSRwilleventuallyhavetocomeandrepositionitselfasnewmodeoftransportandnotaspartoftherailways.HevoicedhisconcernsregardingthedifficultiesindevelopingasustainableIndia-centricbusinessmodelandsettingupanaptadministrationandpolicytoguideHSRinitiatives.HesaidthataHSRcommissionshouldbesetupwhichcanfunctionastechregulatorandaswellasabusinessmodel appraiser. He also underlined the point that we need toprove the carbon worthiness of HSR before implementation toensureitsenvironmentalbenefits.Healsoraisedtheimportanceof acquiring the right technology and then localizing it to meetIndia’sneeds.

Dr Anupam Khanna discussed the pitfalls that one could facewhile bringing HSR to the country and gave emphasis on itseconomicviability.Hetalkedaboutthelevelofridershipneededfor economic viability, construction standards, and costs. Hevoicedhisconcernsovercostandtimeoverrunsformostofthemetroprojectsandthebalancethatmustbeachievedbetweenaggregatebenefittosocietyversusaggregatecostfromfinancial

engineering.Hestressedthatdueimportanceshouldbegiventofinancialanalysiswhiletakingdecisionsbecausesuchprojectswilldeterminethespatialpatternofeconomicactivitywhichisoftenreversibleforgenerationstocome.Healsoaddedthatadequatetechnical analysis needs to be conducted to determine thespeedsatwhichHSRshouldruninIndiatakingintoconsiderationthetechnologyandexpensesinvolved.

MrJitendraSondhigavetheflavourof theChineseHSRgrowthexperiencebysharinghisexperiencesfromChina.Heemphasizedonthethree-prongedstrategyadoptedbytheChinesetoimprovelongdistancetravelbyupgradingpre-existingrailwaystoincreasetheir speed gradually to 200 km per hour, building passengerdedicated lines with trains of speeds upto 300–350 km speedper hour and building mixed traffic railways where trains couldrunupto250kmperhouralongwithfreightandcontainertrains.HehighlightedtheChinesestrategytoassimilatetechnologyfromaround the world and then come up with their own technologyto run HSR. He pointed out how the administrative setup ofthe organizations gave way to the successful setup of HSR.He also spoke about the main highlights of the HSR system inChinasuchasconnectingmedium towns toHSR,availabilityofnon-stoptrains,standardizedsystem,theuseofelevatedrailwaysinordertominimizethelandrequirement,ticketpricing,etc.Heemphasized that India too needed to create long-term 50-yearstrategiesandgenerate technicalknow-howandknowledgeonHSRifwewanttosucceed.HealsosharedhisviewsonbuildingHSRonaPPPbasisandpartnershipsthatcouldbeputforwardforimplementingHSRinIndia.

High Speed Rail in India will have to come and reposition

itself as the new mode of transport and not as part of

the railways

MrRSivadasanFormerFinancialCommissioner,

RailwayBoard


Learning from Green Growth Initiatives in Asia

The much vaunted idea of an impending Asian Century, whichmany experts believe will see the return of Asia as a globalepicentreof economic,military, andevenculturalpower,beliestheopportunitypresentforAsianeconomiestoimbibesustainablevalues in their growth models and create sustainable greengrowth. Initiatives to bring about green growth in Asia that arealready underway across the region were highlighted in thisthematic session at the Delhi Sustainable Development Summit2013.Theobjectiveoftheevent,whichwasjointlypresentedbythe Climate Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) and theAsia Low Emission Development Strategies Partnership, was tohighlight pioneering initiatives that have enabled low-emissionand climate-resilient growth and development across Asia. Thesession achieved this through the use of an interactive marketplace where displays set up by representatives from India,Vietnam, Thailand, and Nepal helped showcase the nations’experiences in designing and implementing Low EmissionDevelopmentStrategies(LEDS)aswellasgreengrowthpoliciesandprogrammes.Theparticipantsinthesessionwereorganized

into four groups that circulated between the displays, ensuringthatasmanypeopleaspossiblegot theopportunity tosee theworkbeingdisplayedbytherepresentativesofthefournations.

RepresentativesfromTheEnergyandResourcesInstitute(TERI),India, briefed the gathering about their flagship initiatives suchasthehighlysuccessfulLightingaBillionLives(LaBL)campaignand the Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment.Representatives of the Alternative Energy Promotion Centre,Nepal, spokeabout theirDistrictClimateEnergyPlans (DCEP),while representatives from the Greenhouse Gas ManagementOrganization, Thailand, elaborated about their primaryprogramme—ThaiLowCarbonCity.OfficialsfromtheMinistryofPlanningandInvestment,Vietnam,detailedtheirproposedGreenGrowth Strategy for the Southeast Asian nation and its variouscomponents.Thishighlyuniquetracksessionwaswellreceivedby participants and representatives alike, and helped manyparticipantsgainuseful,inspiring,andsoberinginsightsintothegroundrealityofimplementinggreengrowthinitiativesinAsia.

Welcome Address:

• Mr Orestes Anastasia, Co-Chair, Asia Low Emission Development Strategies (LEDS) Partnership, US Agency forInternationalDevelopmentRegionalMissionforAsia

• Dr Doddy Sukadri,Co-chair,AsiaLowEmissionDevelopmentStrategies(LEDS)Partnership,IndonesiaNationalCouncilonClimateChange

Closing Remarks:

• Mr Ali T Sheikh,AsiaDirector,ClimateDevelopmentKnowledgeNetwork(CDKN)• Dr R K Pachauri,Director-General,TERI

In Partnership with CDKN, Asia LEDS Partnership

The objective of the event was to highlight

pioneering initiatives that have enabled low-emission

and climate-resilient growth and development

across Asia

Receptions and

Launches


Receptions and Launches

‘Asia Leadership Program on Sustainable Development and Climate Change’

Dinner of Hope—in Suppport of TERI’s Lighting a Billion Lives Campaign

Thelastdecadeofthe20thcenturysawtheemergenceofAsiaasamajorglobalplayerintheeconomicfrontandthe21stcenturyis,needlesstosay,goingtowitnessrampanteconomicandsocialdevelopment among numerous Asian nations. This poses botha threat and an opportunity. With over 2 billion people in AsiastrivingtoachievelivingconditionssimilartothoseinEuropeandNorthAmerica,thereisariskofthesedevelopmentsexacerbatingresource inefficiency and eventual scarcity issues. Conversely,there is also the chance for Asia to leapfrog the developmentmodelsofthewestandadoptsustainabledevelopmentandgreengrowth programmes at the outset. In an effort to mould futureAsianleaderstotakeadvantageofsuchopportunities,theAsianDevelopmentBank(ADB)andTheEnergyandResourcesInstitute(TERI) collectively launched the ‘Asia Leadership Program onSustainableDevelopmentandClimateChange’duringtheDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummit(DSDS)2013.

The President of the ADB, Mr Haruhiko Kuroda stated thatleadership and building partnerships are the primary drivers ofthe sustainable development agenda and the programme aimsto inspire these very qualities in an effort to look for means toreduce poverty, and engender green growth. Director-GeneralofTERI,DrRKPachauri,expressedhisbeliefthatopportunitiesforsustainabledevelopmentareabundantatthecurrentmomentinAsia.HecommendedtheADBfortheircontinuedsupportforsustainable development in the region and for the forethoughtand initiative in the creation of this programmes. In conclusion,DrBinduNLohani,VicePresident,KnowledgeManagementandSustainable Development with the Asian Development Bank,advocated the need for integrating sustainable developmentas an essential cog in the Asian growth paradigm, stating thatwithsuccessfulinitiativesprovingtheeffectivenessofsuchmodels,more institutions, corporations, and individuals are bound tofollowthemodel.

Theveryfirst‘DinnerofHope’attheSummit,insupportofTERI’sLightingaBillionLives(LaBL)Campaign,witnessedascintillatingdisplayofthefinestoftheIndianperformingartsbytheMinistryofCulture,withperformancesofKathakali,Bharathnatyam,andOdissisettolivemusic.ThestudentsofDPSSharjahperformedathrillingdancedramabasedontheLaBLinitiative.Theeveningwasmuchapplauded,asweretheeffortsofthestudentsofDelhiPrivateSchool,Sharjah,whoraisedRs3.07lakhtospreadhope,lightandcheerinun-electrifiedvillagesacrosstheglobe.

Mr Digvijay Singh focused on the importance of electricity inpeople’slives.

DrRKPachauribeganbydescribinghowhehadtheprivilegeofattendingthesameschoolastheHonourableMinister,MrDigvijaySingh, and how he could discern the Honourable Minister’sleadership potential at that early stage in his life. Dr PachaurimovedontodescribethemotivationbehindtheLightingaBillionLivescampaign,statingthatoutoftheroughly1.3billionpeopleworldwide who are still deprived of access to electricity, 400millionliveinIndia.DescribingthegenesisoftheLaBLcampaign,DrPachauridescribedhowitbeganwithTERIemployeestakingthe applications of renewable energy in rural India, setting uptable fans, solar lanterns to impoverished people in rural India.


The response from the people was overwhelming, Dr Pachauridescribed;and itwasdecided tosubmitaproposal forasmallprogrammelikeLightingaBillionLivestotheClintonFoundation,whoundertheClintonGlobalInitiatives,recognizeandhighlightthreeorfourmajorinitiativesthattheyfeelcanbegamechangers.Dr Pachauri added that while submitting the proposal, heconsidered how there are hundreds of millions of people inIndia who have no access to electricity, and over a billionpeople worldwide, aiming to light a million lives appeared anunderestimation. After changing the campaign from Lighting aBillionLivestoLabourBillionLives,PresidentClintonandhisteamaccepteditasamajorinitiativedeservingofglobalrecognition.

DrPachauriacknowledgedtheworkdonebyTERI indesigningthe solar lantern,which is lightweight andefficient thanks to itsuseofLEDs,andincludesanoutletthatcanbeusedforchargingmobilephones–asalargenumberofpeopleinruralIndiaowncellphones–notingthat thedesignof the lantern isbeingconstantlyupgraded tobecomemoreefficient.DrPachauriexpressedhisthanks to the numerous organizations that supported the LaBL

campaign,statingthatwhileTERIhadtorelyonfinancialsupportfromavarietyofsourcesintheearlystages,itisnowhearteningtoseethecorporatesectorsteppinginandfindingmarketsolutions.Dr Pachauri ended by advocating that opportunities be seizedona largescaleandsocietywouldseegrowthand refinement inthefuture.

TheHonourableMinister spokeofhergreathope for thepeopleofIndiawiththistheme,andsharedherexperiencesofdarkness.ShewasmarriedandlivinginavillageinHimachalPradesh,withno electricity supply. Since then, Ms Kumari said, her state isnow 100 per cent electrified. She described how when she waselected in the constituency of Jodhpur in Rajasthan, she visitedremotevillageswherechildrenarenoteducatedduetoa lackofelectricity.ShedrewcomparisonsbetweenthehydelresourcesinHimachalPradeshandthepotentialforsolarpowerinRajasthan.ShecongratulatedDrPachauriandTERI’sprogrammetobringlightintothelivesofpeoplelivinginvillagesthatcannotbeconnectedviaelectricitylines.Sheexpressedhergratitudethatherministrycouldparticipateintheprogrammeandwisheditgreatsuccessinthefuture.

Launch of Reducing Inequalities: A Sustainable Development Challenge

The seventh edition of ‘A Planet for Life’ series Reducing Inequalities: A Sustainable Development Challengewaslaunchedduring DSDS 2013 and a track session was conducted on thethemeof thebookpost its launch.ThebookwastheresultofapartnershipbetweenTheEnergyandResourcesInstitute(TERI)and the Institute for Sustainable Development and InternationalRelations (IDDRI). Prof. Jeffrey Sachs and the Editors Mr

Rémi Genevey, Executive Director, Agence Francaise deDeveloppement(AFD);DrLaurenceTubiana,Director,InstituteofSustainableDevelopmentandInternationalRelations(IDDRI);andDrRKPachaurilaunchedthebookduringaplenarysession.Thebook focuseson the issueof reducingglobal inequalitiesasanimperativeforsustainabledevelopment.


Danish Cultural Institute Awards Ceremony

Lunch Hosted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, India

One of the guiding principles behind Delhi SustainableDevelopment Summit is the belief that young people, with theirabilitytoinnovateandbringafreshnewperspectivetoanexistingproblem, hold the key to the future of sustainability. On theseconddayoftheDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummit2013,inthepresenceofHeadsofState,governmentministers,globalbusiness leaders,andrepresentativesofnumerous internationalorganizations, the Danish Cultural Institute, in association withLarsenandToubroIndia,presentedawardstofouryoungpeoplefor their innovative solutions in different fields. The awardees’

journey began six months ago, with the announcement of acompetitionforyoungpeoplefromIndianandDanisheducationalinstitutes to come up with ideas for sustainable solutions toresource problems in India. Competing solutions were offeredacrossfourcategories;business,technology,urbandevelopment,and design/culture. After 42 candidates were shortlisted fromthousandsofentries,thefinalawardeeswereMrPriyamJohryforbusiness,MsNambuPriyaDharsini for technology,MsPriyankaRajuforurbandevelopment,andMsAnneCamillaAAuestadfordesign/culture.Areceptionwashostedduringtheevents.

Lunch on the third day of the Summit (2 February, 2013) was hosted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government ofIndia.TheMinistryhasbeenanintegralpartofthegrowthoftheDelhiSustainableDevelopmentSummitovertheyears.MsJayanthiNatarajan,Hon’bleMinisterofState(I/C)forEnvironmentandForests,gracedtheinaugurationofDSDS2013withherpresence.


Valedictory SessionThesessionstartedwiththeopeningremarksoftheChairpersonDr V Rajagopalan (Secretary, Ministry of Environment andForests,India).HewelcomedallthespeakersandcongratulatedDrRKPachaurifororganizingDSDS2013andforbringingtogetherthe international community and speakers, who are working onissues related toenergy,water, climatechange,andecologicaldevelopment. His speech mainly focused on the conservationofforestsasexploitationofforestsandnaturalresourcesleadtoecologicalimbalance.

The session then moved further to the presentation of the FirstGeorgescu-Roegen Awards. The Awards were divided into twocategories: i) Award for Unconventional Thinking–awarded toProfessorKozoMayumi;andii)AwardforBio-economicPractice–awarded to two organizations, which were Accion Ecologica,Ecuador;andTheOilwatch,Nigeria.

Mr Montek Singh Ahluwalia and Dr Pachauri also presentedthe ninth ‘Sustainable Development Leadership Award’ duringthe session. The Award was presented to HE Mr James AlixMichel,PresidentofSeychelles,inrecognitionofhisoutstandingcontributionstowardssustainabledevelopmentinSeychellesandplacingtheissuesofSmallIslandStatesontheglobalagenda.

MrSalmanKhurshid (Hon’bleMinister ofExternalAffairs, India)tookoverthesessionbycongratulatingDrPachaurifororganizingtheDSDS.HealsomentionedthatselectingDelhiastheplaceforDSDSwasawisedecisionasDelhihappenstobetheeconomic

hubofdevelopment,beingthecapitalofIndia.Focusingontheimportanceofchange,hequotedMahatmaGandhi—“Be thechangethatyouwishtoseeintheworld”.Stressingontheneedtoworkalongthefootprintsofgrowthfocusingonresource-efficientdevelopment,heinsistedthateveryoneshouldcommitthemselvestoworkforholisticsustainabledevelopment.Givingimportanceto

Chair: Dr V Rajagopalan, Secretary,MinistryofEnvironmentandForests,India

Special Address: • Mr Salman Khurshid, Hon’bleMinisterofExternalAffairs,India

Valedictory Address: • Mr Montek Singh Ahluwalia, Hon’bleDeputyChairman,PlanningCommission,GovernmentofIndia

Vote of Thanks: • Dr R K Pachauri, Director-General,TERI,India


areassuchasfood,water,andlivelihoodsecurity,healsofocusedon the importance of access to energy for everyone withoutdepleting thenatural resources.Healsoproposed thatbynextyear,therewillbealegislationon“FoodSecurity”thatwillensurefoodtoall.

The session was carried forward by Mr Ahluwalia. He startedby saying that the issues addressed in the conference werevery important for life on earth. Congratulating the three awardwinners of the First Georgescu-Roegen Award, he added thathe was happy that in recent times the issue of sustainability is

being recognized globally and international communities arecomingtogethertoaddresstheissue.Hefurtheraddedthatthisissue could be addressed through the concept of change,namely, through behavioral, regulatory, technological, andmindset changes. He also informed the guests that the sloganof the 12th Plan document is “Faster, More Inclusive, andSustainableGrowth”.

The vote of thanks was given by Dr Pachauri. He thankedthe distinguished speakers and the guests and the sponsorsfortheirsupport



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