Ductile Cast Iron

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YUAN GANG INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.

THE SUPERIORITIES OF DUCTILE

CAST IRON PIPES:

1) Ductile cast iron has excellent resistance to impacts and shocks than grey cast iron due to its spheroidal graphite

microstructure.

2) Ductile cast iron possesses about two times greater tensile strength than grey cast iron, and also has considerable

degree of ductility together since its metal matrix is ferrite as a result of heat treatment.

3) The chemical structure of ductile cast iron are same as grey cast iron, ductile cast iron has anti-corrosive properties

of cast iron products and strength similar to carbon steel.

Gray Cast Iron Steel Ductile Iron

4) By the microscopic photos as above (1) and (2) Magnification show the differences in structure between ductile cast

iron and grey cast iron.

5) Under the microscope, the structure is mainly composed of metal matrix and graphite.

6) In the grey cast iron, the graphite are spread in flake shape, thus being liable to brittle.

7) In the ductile cast iron, the graphite are spread in spherical shape, thus giving desirable strength.



8) The ductile cast iron pipes have high bursting resistance against internal pressure and ductile iron pipe has excellent

resistance to water hammer.

9) The ductile cast iron has high corrosion resistance properties and long service life than grey cast iron.

10) When installing pipe, the machinability and workability are excellent to cast iron pipes.

GENERAL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

YUAN GANG INDUSTRIAL CO., manufacture Ductile Iron pipes, fittings and accessories according to ISO 2531, EN

545 and BS 4772 but incorporating proposed amendments now being considered by the appropriate ISO, EN and BSI

technical committes.

Our Products are certified for potable water.

1. CLASS DESIGNATIONS AND CALCULATIONS OF STANDARDWALL THICKNESS OF PIPES AND FITTINGS

1) The system of class designations used in this specification follows that established in ISO 2531.

Each designation comprises:

(a) A prefix K; this initial letter of Class in German.

(b) A whole number; This is the selected coefficient inserted into the formula provided for the

calculation of mean wall thickness

2) Calculation of standard wall thickness of pipes and fittings.

(a) Except for class K9 pipes up to and including DN 200, the standard wall thickness of pipes and fittings are

calculated as a function of their nominal size by the formula.

e = K (0.5+0.001 DN) where

a. e : is the standard wall thickness in millimeters DN : is the nominal sizeb. k : is the selected whole number coefficient (9, 12 and 14 being applicable to the classes

designated K9, K12 and K14 respectively).

(b) The standard wall thickness of class K9 pipes up to and including DN 200 are calculated by the formula: e = 5.8

+ 0.003 DN

2. PIPES

1) Standard pipes with flexible joints shall be class K9.

2) Standard pipes with flanges screwed or cast-on shall be class K12.

3) Standard pipes with flanges welded-on shall be class K9.



4) The standard lengths and thickness of pipes are shown in our catalog. Lengths of pipes other than those shown

may be supplied by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer and shall be deemed to comply with

the requirements of this specification.

5) In the case of centrifugally cast pipes, the increase or decrease, in the thickness of the pipe wall shall be obtained

variation on the internal diameter only.

3. FITTINGS

1) Standard fittings without branches shall be class K12

2) Standard fittings with branches shall be class K14

3) Modifications to the thickness of the wall of fittings may be obtained by modification of the external diameter (plugs,

change pieces and flanged spigot pieces excepted) or of internal diameter.

4. TYPES OF JOINTS

1) Flexible joints

Details of flexible joints, either of the Push in type or of the Mechanical type, shall be in accordance with the

manufacturers standard dimensions and tolerances.

As the manufacturing dimensions and tolerances of individual types of joint may differ, the manufacturers guidance

should be obtained with regard to interchangeability where pipes and fittings of differing design are to be jointed.

Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the gasket shall be manufactured from elastomeric materials complying

with the requirements of BS 2494 and be compatible with the fluid to be carried. The gasket shall be of such size and

shape that, when jointed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, it shall provide a positive seal within the

manufacturers range of maximum joint deflection and withdrawal under all combinations of joint and gasket

dimensional tolerance, and in the range of pressure likely to occur in the pipeline including, where applicable, those

below atmospheric pressure.

2) Flange joints

(a) Dimensional details of flanges designated PN 10, PN 16 and PN 25 are shown in BS 4772/ISO 2531. The nominal

pressure ratings for these flanges are applicable to the temperature range 10 C to 120 C; the

manufacturers should be consulted where pressure-temperature conditions are out of this range.

NOTE: Flanges to this specification are dimensionally compatible with the corresponding flanges BS 4504.

(b) The faces of flanges of pipes shall be at right angles to, and concentric with, axis of the bore, the faces of the

flanges on fittings shall be at right angles to the directional axes. Flanges shall be faced over the

jointing surface with a tool mark finish having a pitch of 1 0.3mm; serrations may be spiral of

concentric.

(c) Bolt holes shall be drilled unless the purchaser agrees that they shall be cored. The pitch circle diameter of the

bolt holes shall be concentric with the bore. The bolt holes shall be located off the centre lines (unless

otherwise specified by the purchaser) and where there are two or more flanges, the bolt holes shall be



aligned.

(d) Ductile iron pipes having ductile iron screwed-on flanges shall be sealed at the threaded joint between the pipe

and the flange by a suitable sealing compound. The standard sealing compound applied to the joint

shall be suitable sealing for use with raw and potable water up to a temperature of 100 C, natural and

town gas and industrial effluents treated so as to be acceptable for discharge into public sewers,

alternative types of sealing compound for pipes used for other duties, such as the carrying of industrial

effluents of chemicals, shall be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the

purchaser.

(e) Ductile iron pipes with ductile iron welded-on flanges shall have a pipe to flange weld attachment of a design

proven by tests not to be the limiting factor in the integrity of the flanged pipe when subjected to

excessive hydraulic pressure, bending moments and bolting loads.

NOTE: Where this type of flange is laid underground, consideration should be given to external protecting if the soil is

aggressive.

Essential requirements of the assembly are as follows:

(i) The flanges shall be an interference fit on the end of the pipe barrel which shall have been rounded and cleaned to

ensure removal of material detriemental to the welding process and shall be attached to the pipe by fillet

weld made at the hub and of the flange. The welding shall be carried out by a proven mechanized factory

welding process, E.G. metal inert gas (Mig) Welding.

(ii) The material used as a welded filler metal shall be selected to be compatible with the ductile iron base material.

(iii) The jointing face of the flange, including the pipe end, shall be machined, if heat treatments is necessary this must

be carried out before final machining.

5. MARKING

1) Each pipe, fitting or accessory shall bear at least the following indications:

(a) The mark of manufacture

(b) An indication of the casting is ductile iron

(c) An indication of its nominal size (DN)

If necessary, each fitting shall bear an indication of its main characteristics. The pipes, fittings and accessories with

a nominal size greater than DN 300 shall also bear the year of manufacturer.

2) The marks may be cast on, painted or cold stamped.

3) Any special marks required by the purchaser shall be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the

purchaser.

6. QUALITY AND QUALITY CONTROL

1) The metal used shall be such that the pipes and fittings are of ductile iron complying with the mechanical properties

specified in Table 1.



2) The manufacturer shall carry out test to enable the quality of pipes and fittings to be controlled during manufacture to

ensure continuing compliance with requirements of this specification and shall keep records of all such tests records

of these tests, shall be available for inspection by the purchaser, or his representative.

Table 1 Mechanical Properties

Nominal Size DN

Type of casting

Tensile Strength

Min.

0.2% Proof Stress

Min.Elogation Min.

mm N/mm2 N/mm2 %

80 100 Over 1000

All sizes

Centrifugally Cast Pipes

Centrifugally Cast Pipes

Pipes Not Centrifugally Cast

and Fittings

420 420 420 300 300 300 10* 7 5

* 7% for pipes thicker class K12

The proof stress shall only be measured when specially agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser and shall

be measured under conditions which shall be specified by the purchaser on his enquiry and order.

7. HEAT TREATMENT

1) Pipes which are centrifugally cast in unlined water-cooled shall be heat treated in order to achieve the necessary

mechanical properties and to relieve casting stresses; provided the specified mechanical properties are met, pipes

cast under controlled colling conditions need not be heat treated.

2) The manufacturer may supply fittings in the As Cast conditions or alternatively subject them to heat treatment,

Whichever method is employed, the representative test results shall conform to the minimum mechanical property

requirements of Table 1 and in the case of heat treated fittings, the test pieces shall be subjected to the same heat

treatment process.

8. CONDITIONS OF PIPES AND FITTINGS

1) Pipes and fittings shall be removed from the mould with every necessary precaution to avoid warping or shrinkage

defects detrimental to their good quality.

2) Pipes and fittings shall be sound and free from surface or other defects detrimental to their functional quality.

3) Minor cavities on jointing faces may only be rectified by a process agreed between the manufacturer and the

purchaser.

Rectification of other defects shall be subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser on each

occasion except where simple dressing only is involved.

4) The quality of the casting shall be such that they can be cut, drilled, tapped and machined. Should the purchaser

consider that the casting do not comply with this requirement, hardness test shall be carried out as specified in

clause 16.

9. TESTING FOR STRAIGHTNESS AND UNIFORMITY

All pipes shall be tested for straightness and uniformity of thickness and diameter.



The deviation of the pipe from the straight shall not be more than 0.00125 times the effective length of the pipe.

10. TOLERANCES ON DIMENSIONS

External diameters of pipes and fittings

1) The tolerances for the external diameter DE of the spigots of pipes, flanged spigot pieces, and change pieces, and of

plugs, shall not be greater than those specified in Table 2 measured circumferentially using a diameter tape.

2) For nominal sizes up to and including DN300, the tolerance for the external diameter DE of pipes shall apply to the

full length of the barre of pipes.

NOTE: The spigots of pipes cut in field may require preparation in accordance with the manufacturers

recommendations prior to jointing.

3) No tolerance is specified in this standard for the external diameters of fittings (Flanged spigot pieces, change pieces

and plugs excepted,) or for pipes with flanges cast on.

4) The measured difference between the maximum and minimum axes of individual spigots shall not exceed the

appropriate value in Table 2.

NOTE: Certain types of flexible joint will accept some degree of spigot ovality. However, where the admissible spigot

ovality applicable to such joints is smaller than is detailed in Table 2, the values shall be detailed in the manufacturers

catalogue.

Table 2 Tolerance on the External Diameters of the Spigots of Pipes and (Where Applicable) Fittings

Nominal Size DNTolerance on the external diameter of

spigots and of plugs (DE)

Maximum ovality of spigots

(DE) +

mm mm mm

80 150 200 350 400 500

600 800 900 1000 1100

1200 1400 1600

+1.0 -3.0 +1.0 -3.5 +1.0 -4.0 +1.0 -4.5 +1.0

-5.0 +1.0 -6.0 +1.0 -7.0 +1.0 -8.0

5 10 20 30 40 50 55 65

Tolerance on thickness

The tolerances on the wall thickness shall be in accordance with Table 3

Table 3 Tolerances on Wall and Flange Thickness

Type of casting Dimensions Tolerance in MM

Centrifugally Wall thickness (e) - (1.3 + 0.001 DN *)

Cast pipe Flange thickness (b) + / - (1 + 0.05b)

Pipes not Wall thickness (e) - (2.3 + 0.001 DN)



Centrifugally Flange thickness + / - (1 + 0.05b)

Cast and Fittings

* For DN 80 DN 100 class K9 ductile iron pipes only, the minimum wall thickness shall be 4.8mm DN = Nominal size

in millimeters B = Thickness of flange in millimeters

Tolerance on length

1) The tolerances on the lengths of pipes shall be in accordance with Table 4.

Table 4 Tolerances on Lengths of Pipes

Type of casting DNTolerance mm

Socket and spigot centrifugally cast pipes Double

plain-ended centrifugally cast pipesAll + / - 30

Flanged pipes of up to and including 2M in length All + / - 3.0

Flanged pipes of over 2M but less than 3M in length All + / - 4.0

Flanged pipes of 3M and over in length All + / - 5.0

2) By agreement with the purchaser the manufacturer may supply pipes with flexible joints of each size on the order in

lengths shorter than the standard length.

3) The manufacturer may supply 10% of the pipes with flexible joints on any one order from which test rings have been

taken. It is permissible to supply up to 5% 150mm shorter than the minimum standard length with the balance being

no more than 100mm shorter than the minimum standard length.

11. TOLERANCES ON STANDARD MASS

1) The standard mass is dependent upon the design of the ends of pipes and fittings and shall be calculated on the

nominal dimensions taking the density of ductile iron 7050 kg / m3

2) The tolerances on standard mass are detailed in Table 5.

Table 5 Tolerance on Standard Mass

DN Type of casting Tolerances

80- 200 250-1600Centrifugally cast pipes Centrifugally cast

pipes+ / - 8% + / - 5 %

All sizes Pipes not centrifugally cast + / - 8%

All sizesStandard fittings, excepting bends and

fittings with branches+ / - 8%



All sizesStandard bends and standard fittings with

branches non-standard fittings- 12% *

* A negative tolerance only is specified

3) Each pipe DN 150 and over shall be weighed individually to ensure compliance with the tolerances specified in Table

5.

4) Fittings, and pipes below DN 150, need not be weighed individually unless otherwise specified by the purchaser on

his enquiry, or order.

12. WORKS PROOF TESTS

1) Before being coated, each pipe and fitting shall be hydrostatically tested by a proven means at the foundry to the

satisfaction of the purchaser or his representative. The outside surfaces of the pipe or fitting shall be dry before

testing.

The hydrostatic pressure shall be applied steadily and maintained for a period sufficient to facilitate adequate

inspection but in no case shall this period be less than 15 seconds.

The internal pressure imposed on the pipe or fitting shall be measured by an accurate pressure gauge and means

shall be provided for attaching the gauge of the purchaser or his representative. The pipes and fittings shall withstand

the works hydrostatic test pressure in Table 6 without showing signs of leakage, sweating or other failure of any kind.

Table 6 Works Hydrostatic Proof Test Pressures and Works Leak Tightness Test Pressures

Nominal Size

Proof test Pressure

Leak Tightness test

prssure for fittings and

for pipes with cast-on

flanges

Centrifugally cast

pipes with

Pipes with screwed or welded-on flanges

DNflexible joints PN 10 Flange

PN 16

FlangePN 25 Flange

MM Bar Bar Bar Bar Bar

80 300 350 600

700 800 900

1200 1400 160050 40 32 32 25 16 16 16 16 _

25 25 25 25

_32 32* 32 _ _ 25 16 10 10 _

2) All pipes and fittings, except those having restricted pressure ratings, shall be capable of withstand the field test

pressure specified in appendix A.

3) Pipes and fittings with flexible joints supplied for pipelines to be used for the conveyance of gas, shall, where

specified by the purchaser and agreed by the manufacturer, be tested with air to a pressure of 3.5 bar (gauge) in

addition to the hydrostatic test, while under air pressure, the fittings shall be totally immersed in water, or

alternatively, coated with a suitable foaming agent in order to check for leakage.



4) Where specially agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer, standard all flanged ductile iron fittings, and

pipes with cast-on flanges may be works hydrostatically tested to pressure up to, but not exceeding 16 bar, 25 bar

and 40 bar for casting with PN10, PN16 and PN25 flanges respectively.

NOTE: The hydrostatic test applied to fittings is a leak tightness test only. The application of high hydrostatic

pressure to fittings is precluded due to the risk of distortion resulting from the high restraining loads imposed on the

fittings by standard test apparatus.

13. SURFACE PROTECTION

1) Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser on the enquiry and / or order, all pipes and fittings shall be coated

internally and externally with, at the manufacturers option, one of the materials specified in Table 7.

2) Where specified by the purchaser on the enquiry and / or order, pipes and fittings shall be cement mortar lined in

accordance with appendix B and shall, unless otherwise specified, be coated externally with, at the manufacturers

option, one of the materials specified in Table 7.

3) Coating may be applied by dipping, brush, spray or roller

4) No coating shall be applied to any casting unless its surfaces are clean, dry and free of rust.

Table 7 Standard Coating Materials

14. MANUFACTURERS CERTIFICATE

The manufacturer shall, on request, supply to the purchaser a signed certificate, at the purchasers option, either:

(a) That the pipes or fittings comply in all respects with the provisions of this specification: or

(b) The results of all the specified tests.

15. INSPECTION

The inspector appointed by the purchaser and accredited by the manufacturer shall have access at all reasonable times

to those parts of the works engaged on the manufacture and testing of the pipes or fittings he has ordered.

If, at the time of placing the order, the purchaser states that he wishes to carry out inspection during manufacture up to

the point of dispatch, the manufacturer may inform the purchaser or his agent in advance of the manufacturing date.

Should the purchaser or his agent not be present at the agreed time, then the manufacturer will be entitled to proceed

with production and inspection and shall not be required to reinspect. Records of the inspection will be available for

examination by the purchaser or his agent at a later date.

16. PURCHASERS OPTIONAL TENSILE TEST



Selection of bar test pieces

1) If stated on the enquiry and subsequent order that the purchaser wishes to witness the tests on bar test pieces in

respect of the pipes and fittings to the order, the bar test pieces may be selected by the purchaser or his

representative during the manufacture.

2) Should the purchaser or his representative not be present at the agreed time of manufacture, then the manufacturer

shall be entitled to proceed with the selection of test pieces and testing. The results of tests will be recorded for

examination by the purchaser at a later date and the test pieces shall be retained for a minimum of 14 days.

3) For the purpose of selection and approving the bar test pieces, the pipes and fittings to that order shall be divided

arbitrarily into batches as follows.

Pipes and fittings Size Batches

Pipes centrifugally DN 80 to DN 300 100 pipes

cast DN 350 to DN 600 50 pipes

DN 700 to DN 1200 25 pipes

DN 1400 to DN 1600 10 pipes

Pipes not centrifugally cast, and

fittingsAll sizes 4 tonnes

Any pipes remaining after dividing into batches as specified, should be considered as a batch and where the total order

is less than the appropriate batch size, then the order shall be considered as a batch. The batch may contain pipes of

any size within the groups specified above.

One bar test piece shall be taken from each batch and, should the batch contain pipes of more than one size, the bar

test piece selected shall be regarded as being representative of all the pipes in the batch, irrespective of size.

Bar test pieces representative of pipes, not centrifugally cast, and fittings may be taken from a sample cast separately

but shall be cast from the same iron as that used for the manufacture of the castings they represent and, where

applicable, shall have been subjected to the same heat treatment. Alternatively, bar test pieces may be taken from a

sample cast integrally with the pipe or fittings at the manufacturers option.

Dimensions of bar test pieces

1) Bar test pieces taken from centrifugally cast pipes shall be cut from the spigot end, and when prepared

of testing, shall be representative of the metal at approximately mid-thickness, and the axis of the bar

test piece shall be paralleled to the axis of the pipe from which it was taken. Each bar test piece shall

include a cylindrical and having a diameter of 3.565 to 3.580 mm part having a gauge length of 3.54 or

5.0 times its diameter.

2) Where the sample is cast separately, its dimensions shall conform to the requirements of BS 2789.

Where sample is internally cast it shall comply with the dimensions given in Table 8.

Table 8 Dimensions of Integrally Cast Test Samples

Dimensions



Description of casting represented Length Width Thickness

MM MM MM

Non-centrifugally cast pipe and fittings, having a wall

thickness of up to and including 12.5MM55-75 45-65 12.5

Non-centrifugally cast pipe and fittings, having a wall

thickness of over 12.5MM55-75 45-65 16

3) Method of test. The method of testing shall be in accordance with that normally used for quality control

purposes by the manufacturer, unless otherwise agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

4) Results of tensile test. Each bar test piece selected in accordance with 16.1) shall be tested and shall be

considered satisfactory if the test results comply with the mechanical properties specified in Table 1.

5) Retests. Should a bar test representing any batch fail the tensile test, two further tests shall be carried

out on bar test pieces selected by the purchaser, or his agent from two other pipes of the same batch. If

either of these additional bar test pieces fail the tensile test, the batch represented shall be deemed not

to comply with this specification.

17. HARDNESS TEST

1) Should the purchaser consider that the quality of the casting does not comply with the requirements of 8.4) hardness

tests shall be carried out on the castings after slight grinding.

2) The tests shall be in accordance with BS 240: Part 1, except the period of application shall be 15 1s.

3) The results of the hardness tests shall not exceed 230 HB in the case of centrifugally cast pipes, and 250 HB in the

case of all other castings. Should the surface hardness of the casting exceed these values, the castings shall be

deemed not to comply with this standard.

Appendix A

Pressure ratings and maximum field hydrostatic test pressures for standard thickness ductile iron pipes and

fittings after installation.

Table 9 Hydraulic pressure ratings for ductile iron pipes and fittings in accordance with BS4772

Nominal size DN

Hydraulic pressure rating

Pipelines incorporating f langes

to:

Pipelines

w ithout any

f langed jointsPN 10 PN 16 PN 25

80 to 350 350 to

1200 1400 to

1600 *

bar

(gauge)

10 10 _

bar

(gauge)

16 16 _

bar

(gauge)

25 25 _

bar (gauge)

40 25 _

* Hydraulic pressure ratings for pipes and f ittings DN 1400 to DN 1600 shall be by agreement betw een the purchaser and themanufacturer.



NOTE 1. The hydraulic pressure ratings for pipes and f ittings w ith f langes are applicable to the temperature range - 10 C to 120C. the manufacturer should be consulted in connection w ith pressure ratings for temperatures outside this range.

NOTE 2. Attention is draw n to CP 2010: Part 2, w hich provides guidance on the f ield testing of pipelines.

Table 10. Maximum field hydrostatic test

pressures for ductile iron pipes and fittings in

accordance with BS 4772

Nominal size DN

Maximum f ield hydrostatic test pressure

Pipelines incorporating f langes

to:

Pipelines

w ithout any

f langed jointsPN 10 PN 16 PN 25

80 to 300 350 to

600 700 to 1200

1400 to 1600 *

bar

(gauge)

16 16 16

_

bar

(gauge)

25 25 25

_

bar

(gauge)

40 30

30 _

bar (gauge)

45 30 30 _

* Field hydrostatic test pressures for pipes and f ittings DN 1400 to DN 1600 shall be by agreement betw een the purchaser andthe manufacturer.

40 bar for pipelines having all joints f langed.

Higher pressures may be agreed betw een the purchaser and the manufacturer, but f ittings may, depending on operating

conditions, require strengthening.

NOTE. These field test pressure should be applied only to ductile iron pipelines w hen the pipeline and its fittings

are properly anchored. This explains w hy field test pressures for ductile iron pipelines m ay be greater than the

factory test pressures for fittings since the test rig at the factory does not allow proper anchoring under high

pressures w ithout distortion of the casting. For further inform ation relating to field testing of pipelines see CP

2010: Part 3.

Appendix B

Specification for cement mortal lining

C.1 Materials

C.1.1 Cement. The cement used shall be ordinary Portland cement in accordance with BS 12, except that,

where specified by the purchaser, or at the manufacturers option, sulphate-resisting cement in accordance

with BS 4027 or Portland blast furnace cement in accordance with BS 146: Part 2 may be used.

C.1.2 Sand. The sand shall consist of inert, granular material having hard, durable uncoated grains. The

sand shall comply with the requirements of zone 4 of table 2 of BS 882, 1201: Part2:1973 when sampled

and tested in accordance with BS 812.

C.1.3 Water. The water shall be obtained from the public water supply and shall contain no constituent that

adversely affects the quality of the cement or, in the case of potable water, the water flowing through the

main. The presence of solid inorganic particles is, however, admissible, providing they do not contain any

constituents that impair the curing of the cement mortar or cause deterioration of water quality in the case of

potable water mains.

C.2. Cement mortar mix

C.2.1 The cement mortar mix shall comprise cement, sand and water which shall be thoroughly mixed and

be of such consistency as to provide a dense and homogeneous lining. Any additive shall be agreed

between the purchaser and manufacturer.

C.2.2 The cement mortar mix shall contain at least one part by mass of cement to 3.5 parts by mass of

sand.

C.3 Application of lining

C.3.1 Pipes shall be lined centrifugally or by a centrifugal applicator head. Fittings shall be lined by any

process that produces linings having a surface finish comparable with that of the pipes.



C.3.2 The surface on to which the coating is to be applied shall be free from all loose scale, foreign bodies,

or any other material that could be detrimental to good contact between the metal and the coating.

C.3.3 The process of lining shall be so controlled as to ensure that a continuous layer of cement mortar is

produced over the bore of pipe or fitting.

C.3.4 The inside of the sockets and the faces of flanges shall be free from cement mortar.

C.4 Repair of damaged lining by the manufac turer.

Small areas of damaged linings may be repaired by cutting back the lining to the metal surface, by

thoroughly wetting the exposed surfaces of the

metal and of the adjacent lining, and by patching with fresh, stiff cement mortar worked in thoroughly to

ensure a good bond with the exposed surfaces. The repaired area shall be cured in accordance with C.5.

C.5 Curing of lining

C.5.1 Curing of the lining shall be conducted in such a manner as to produce a properly hydrated cement

mortar lining that is both hard and durable. Curing shall be carried out at not less that 4 C.

C.5.2 Curing shall be effected under controlled atmosphere conditions. Curing by the application of bitumen

coating shall be by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

C.5.3 The bitumen coating shall comply with the requirements of BS 3416 for type 2 material applied by

spray or brush while the lining is still moist. The bitumen coating shall not impart colour, taste or odour to

potable water drying for 48h.

C.6 Thickness of lining

C.6.1 The thickness of linings shall be as specified in Table 11.

Table 11. Thickness of linings

Nominal

Thickness

size Minimum Individual

DN Nominal arithmetical minimum

mean value

80 to 300 mm mm mm

350 to 600 3.0 2.5 1.5

350 to 600 5.0 4.5 2.5

700 to 1200 6.0 5.5 3.0

1400 to 2000 9.0 8.0 4.0

C.6.2 The thickness of linings may be tested by spear measurement or by gauge. Where spear

measurement is used, the lining shall be pierced using a hardened steel point, not larger than 1.5mm

diameter; immediately after application of the lining to the bore of the pipe, or fitting, and before the cement

mortar has set. The thickness shall be measured at each end of the pipe in at least one section

perpendicular to the pipe axis. At each section which, for pipes DN 200 and above, shall be at least 200mm

from the pipe end, measurements being taken in four places at 90 intervals. The arithmetical mean value

and the individual minimum values of the four measurements in each section shall be not less than those in

Table

11.

C.7 Surface condition of linings

The surface condition of lining shall be substantially smooth but the fine crazing associated with cement rich

surfaces shall be permitted. Isolated shrinkage cracks shall be acceptable provided their width does not

exceed 0.8mm. The surface shall be substantially free from laitance and any sand segregation present shall

be minimal.



C.8 Identification

Where cement mortar lined pipes have been bitumen coated, or coated internally they shall carry a means

of identification to distinguish them from pipes that have coated internally and externally, in accordance with

16.1. This identification shall appear on the barrel of the pipe but otherwise the position shall be at the

manufacturers option.

Appendix C.

Cutting of existing pipelines

Where existing pipes are cut, the outside diameter, as measured circumferentially by diameter tape, may

differ in size from the diameter and tolerances specified in Table 2. Pipe manufacturers state that the large

majority of pipes so cut generally have diameters in the range shown in Table 12. Manufacturers of slip-on

couplings, split couplings, wrap around fittings, or similar fittings and equipment that depend on the outside

diameter of the pipe of their location and effective installation, who claim that such items are compatible with

the pipes specified in this standard, are advised to note these diameters. Furthermore it is recommended

that their catalogues should (a) specify the extent to which their products will meet these requirements, and

(b) make recommendations for fitting where necessary.

Table 12. Diameters of the barrels of cut pipes.

Nominal

size Minimum Maximum

DN diameter diameter

mm mm

350 374.5 379.0

400 425.0 431.0

450 476.0 483.0

500 527.0 538.0

600 630.0 640.0

700 732.5 743.5

800 836.0 848.0

900 940.0 948.0

1000 1043.0 1051.0

1100 1146.0 1155.0

1200 1249.0 1258.0

NOTE 1. For sizes above 1200mm the manufacturer should be consulted. NOTE 2. Diameters are measured circumferentially w ith

a diameter Tape.

BS 4772/ISO 2531 Ductile Cast Iron Pipes and

Fittings

BS 4772 / ISO 2531



SpecificationHydrostatic Test Pressure

PIPES . STANDARD K = 9

FITTINGS STANDARD K = 14 for Tees

K = 12 for other fittings

Pipes, DN 450, DN 1100 are according to the extension of ISO

Requirements.

Diameter Pipes Fittings

DN 80 to DN 300 50 bar 25 bar

DN 350 to DN 600 40 bar 16 bar

DN 700 to DN 1000 32 bar 10 bar

DN 1100 to DN 1200 25 bar 10 bar

DN 1400 to DN 1600 25 bar 10 bar

DN 1800 to DN 2000 25 bar 10 bar

DN 2100 to DN 2600 18 bar 10 bar

Tensile Strength, Elongation & Proof Stress

PipeFittings

80 to 1000 1100 to 2600

Tensile Strength Min. 420 N/mm2 Min. 400 N/mm2

Elongation Min. 10%Min. 7% Min. 5%

Proof Stress Min. 300 N/mm2 Min. 300 N/mm2

* The proof stress shall only be measured upon special agreement and order conditions w hich shall be specif ied in the order.

** 0.102 kgf/mm2 = 1 N/mm2

Coating and Lining Materials Tolerance

1. Thickness: + No limit

- (1.3 + 0.001 ND) mm (ND: Nominal Diameter)

2. Weight: 200mm and under: 8% 300mm and over: 5%



Pipe Fitting

Outside (External)

Zinc Rich Coating Black Bituminous (Coal-tar

Coating) Tar-Epoxy Coating

Zinc Rich Coating (Optional) Black Bituminous

(Coal-tar Coating) Tar-Epoxy Coating

Inside (Internal) Black Bituminous (Coal-tar Coating) Tar-

Epoxy Coating Sulphate-Resisting

Cement Mortar Lining Cement

Mortar Lining With Seal Coating

Fusion Bonded Epoxy Lining (Any

Colour)

Black Bituminous (Coal-tar Coating) Tar-Epoxy

Coating Sulphate-Resisting Cement

Mortar Lining Cement Mortar Lining With

Seal Coating Fusion Bonded Epoxy

Lining (Any Colour)

BS 4772 / ISO 2531 / BS -EN 545

TYTON STYLE

PUSH-ON FLEXIBLE JOINT TYPE

DN 80 to DN 1200

NOMINAL LAYING LENGTH



DN 1400 TO DN 2000


Standard K-9

Dimension in millimeters

Nominal

Diameter D N

Thickness

Outside

Diameter D E

Nominal

Laying

Length

Total Mass (kg)

e e

Pipe

Cement Mortar Lining

BS ISO BS ISO

80 6.0 5 3 98 6000 64.5 14.0 8.5

100 6.1 5 3 118 6000 80.0 17.4 10.5

125 6.2 5 3 144 6000 100.0 22.2 13.5

150 6.3 5 3 170 6000 121.0 26.3 16.0

200 6.4 5 3 222 6000 163.0 35.3 21.0

250 6.8 5 3 274 6000 215.0 44.2 26.0

300 7.2 5 3 326 6000 323.0 63.6 37.8

350 7.7 5 5 378 6000 403.0 73.8 73.8

400 8.1 5 5 429 6000 482.0 84.0 84.0

450 8.6 5 5 480 6000 571.0 94.9 94.9

500 9.0 5 5 532 6000 669.0 105.0 105.0

600 9.9 5 5 635 6000 882.0 125.4 125.4

700 10.8 6 6 738 6000 1123.0 175.8 175.8

800 11.7 6 6 842 6000 1394.0 200.4 200.4

900 12.6 6 6 945 6000 1691.0 225.6 225.6

1000 13.5 6 6 1048 6000 2017.0 250.2 250.2

1100 14.4 6 6 1152 6000 2372.0 278.0 278.0

1200 15.3 6 6 1255 6000 2758.0 300.0 300.0

1400 17.1 9 9 1462 6000 3563.0 525.6 525.6

1500 18.0 9 9 1565 6000 4015.0 567.5 567.5

1600 18.9 9 9 1668 6000 4517.0 600.6 600.6

1800 20.7 9 9 1875 6000 5591.0 675.0 675.0

2000 22.5 9 9 2082 6000 6784.0 750.0 750.0



BS 4772 / ISO 2531 / BS -EN 545 MECHANICAL

JOINT TYPE

DN 80 to DN 350


DN 400 to DN 2600


Standard K-9Dimension in millimeters

Nominal Thickness Outside Nominal Total Mass (kg)

Diameter D Ne e Diameter D E

Laying

Length PipeCement Mortar Lining

BS ISO BS ISO

80 6.0 5 3 98 6000 66.2 14.0 8.5

100 6.1 5 3 118 6000 81.6 17.4 10.5



125 6.2 5 3 144 6000 103.0 22.2 13.5

150 6.3 5 3 170 6000 124.0 26.3 16.0

200 6.4 5 3 222 6000 166.0 35.3 21.0

250 6.8 5 3 274 6000 218.0 44.2 26.0

300 7.2 5 3 326 6000 329.0 63.6 37.8

350 7.7 5 5 378 6000 408.0 73.8 73.8

400 8.1 5 5 429 6000 487.0 84.0 84.0

450 8.6 5 5 480 6000 579.0 94.9 94.9

500 9.0 5 5 532 6000 671.0 105.0 105.0

600 9.9 5 5 635 6000 880.0 125.4 125.4

700 10.8 6 6 738 6000 1119.0 175.8 175.8

800 11.7 6 6 842 6000 1381.0 200.4 200.4

900 12.6 6 6 945 6000 1672.0 225.6 225.6

1000 13.5 6 6 1048 6000 1996.0 250.2 250.2

1100 14.4 6 6 1152 6000 2338.0 278.0 278.0

1200 15.3 6 6 1255 6000 2708.0 300.0 300.0

1400 17.1 9 9 1462 6000 3547.0 525.6 525.6

1500 18.0 9 9 1565 6000 3992.0 567.5 567.5

1600 18.9 9 9 1668 6000 4476.0 600.6 600.6

1800 20.7 9 9 1875 6000 5535.0 675.0 675.0

2000 22.5 9 9 2082 6000 6699.0 750.0 750.0

2100 23.4 9 9 2164 5000 6143.0 655.7 655.7

2200 24.3 12 12 2288 5000 6807.0 917.5 917.5

2400 26.1 12 12 2495 4000 6526.0 800.0 800.0

2600 27.9 12 12 2702 4000 7628.0 866.4 866.4

BS 4772 / ISO 2531 / ISO 10804-1 RESTRAINED

JOINT PIPES (t-Type)



Standard K-12Dimension in millimeters

DN D2 T t L L1 P V M

MASS (kg)

PipeCement

Mortar Liming

80 98 8.5 3 6000 90 84 2.5 15 72.5 6.8

100 118 8.5 3 6000 94 88 2.5 15 110.0 10.5

125 144 8.5 3 6000 88 91 2.5 15 135.0 13.5

150 170 8.5 3 6000 100 94 2.5 15 160.0 16.0

200 222 8.5 3 6000 105 100 2.5 15 210.0 21.0

250 274 9.0 3 6000 110 105 2.5 15 279.0 26.0

300 326 9.6 3 6000 115 110 3.0 17 427.0 37.8

350 378 10.2 5 6000 115 110 3.0 17 523.0 73.8

400 429 10.8 5 6000 115 110 3.0 17 630.0 84.0

450 480 11.4 5 6000 115 120 3.0 17 746.0 94.9

500 532 12.0 5 6000 125 120 4.0 22 871.0 105.0

600 635 13.2 5 6000 130 120 4.0 32 1144.0 125.4

700 738 14.4 6 6000 155 150 4.0 32 1470.0 175.8

800 842 15.6 6 6000 165 160 4.0 32 1822.0 200.4

900 945 16.8 6 6000 180 175 4.0 32 2214.0 225.6

1000 1048 18.0 6 6000 190 185 5.0 32 2632.0 250.2

1100 1151 19.2 6 6000 205 200 5.0 32 3111.0 278.0

1200 1255 20.4 6 6000 220 215 5.0 32 3618.0 300.0

1400 1462 22.8 9 6000 250 245 5.0 32 4724.0 525.6

1500 1565 24.0 9 6000 265 260 6.0 37 5338.0 567.5

1600 1668 25.2 9 6000 280 275 6.0 37 6017.0 600.6

1800 1875 27.6 9 6000 310 305 6.0 37 7383.0 675.0



2000 2082 30.0 9 6000 340 335 6.0 37 8955.0 750.0

DUCTILE IRON RESTRAINT JOINT

RESTRAINT GLAND

Dimension in millimeters

DN DE D1 D2 D3 D4

T Bolts

L1 L2Locks

NO. of

APPX.

Mass.

kgNos. E

80 98 103.4 127 165 205 4 -19 38 70 2 3.0



100 118 123.5 147 190 235 4 -23 38 70 2 3.5

125 144 149.6 174 215 260 4 -23 38 70 2 4.2

150 170 175.6 200 245 290 6 -23 38 70 3 4.8

200 222 227.8 252 300 345 6 -23 39 70 3 6.0

250 274 279.8 305 355 400 8 -23 40 70 4 8.0

300 326 332.0 359 410 460 8 -23 42 70 4 8.8

350 378 384.1 412 465 515 10 -23 43 74 5 14.0

400 429 435.3 464 520 570 12 -23 44 74 6 15.0

450 480 486.4 516 575 625 12 -23 45 74 12 24.6

500 532 538.8 569 630 680 14 -23 46 74 14 27.5

600 635 641.8 674 740 790 14 -23 47 74 14 32.0

700 738 754.0 779 850 900 16 -27 48 87 16 55.0

800 842 849.3 885 960 1010 20 -27 49 87 20 62.0

900 945 952.5 990 1075 1125 24 -27 50 112 24 108.0

1000 1048 1055.8 1095 1190 1250 24 -27 51 112 24 119.0

1100 1152 1160.0 1201 1308 1368 28 -27 51 112 28 133.0

1200 1255 1263.0 1306 1382 1442 28 -33 51 112 28 140.0

1400 1462 1470.0 1498 1598 1658 28 -33 52 113 28 160.0

1500 1565 1573.0 1601 1711 1770 28 -33 54 115 28 185.0

1600 1668 1676.0 1710 1800 1860 30 -33 54 115 30 193.0

1800 1875 1883.0 1917 2020 2080 34 -33 57 118 34 235.0

2000 2082 2090.0 2124 2235 2300 36 -33 59 120 36 375.0

2100 2164 2172.0 2206 2322 2388 38 33 61 122 38 296.0

2200 2280 2288.0 2322 2441 2507 40 -33 63 124 40 319.0

2400 2458 2466.0 2500 2626 2692 44 -33 65 126 44 372.0

2600 2684 2692.0 2736 2862 2928 48 -33 68 129 48 445.0

All Socket Dimension

T -TYTON JOINT K -MECHANICAL JOINT KP -

EXPRESS JOINT JOINT ACCESSORIES



EN 545, ISO 2531 and NFA 48 870

T-TYTON Joint Socket pipes

and fittings

Dimension in mm

DN DE D d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 F G P P1 P2Mass

(kg)

80 98 152 101 124 113 122 105 13 38 84 8.0 12 5.5

100 118 170 121 143 133 140 124 13 38 88 8.0 12 7.1

150 170 240 173 194 183 192 176 14 40 94 8.0 12 11.5

200 222 294 225 249 239 246 228 15 40 100 8.0 12 16.8

250 274 350 277 297 285 295 280 15 42 105 9.0 12 22.9

300 326 404 330 352 340 349 332 15 50 110 9.0 12 29.8

350 378 463 382 406 394 404 385 17 52 110 7.0 12 37.3

400 429 515 432 460 447 458 435 18 54 110 9.5 12 46.3

450 480 568 484 515 502 513 495 19 55 120 9.5 12 55.7

500 532 624 536 570 554 567 540 20 60 120 10.0 12 66.0

600 635 724 640 675 660 672 644 20 62 120 11.0 12 89.3



EN 545, ISO 2531 and NFA 48-840K- Mechanical Joint Socket pipes and fittings

Nominal

Size DN

Dimension (mm) Socket

Mass

(kg)D Cd1

Toleranced2

Toleranced3

p p1 p2 EHole

No.K h

80 205 165 130 2 103.4 1.3 107 65 11 24 18 4 24 11.0 6.0

100 235 190 150 2 123.5 1.3 127 65 11 24 23 4 25 11.5 7.1

125 260 215 177 2 149.5 1.3 153 66 11 25 23 4 26 12 8.6

150 290 245 203 2 175.6 1.3 180 66 11 25 23 8 27 13 9.9

200 345 300 256 2 227.8 1.4 232 67 12 25 23 8 28 14 13.7

250 400 355 309 2 279.9 1.4 285 68 12 26 23 8 30 15.5 18.5

300 460 410 363 2 332 1.4 337 70 12.5 27 23 8 31 16.5 23.5

350 515 465 416 2 384.1 1.4 390 72 13 28 23 12 33 18 28.6

400 570 520 468 2 435.3 1.5 441 75 13 28 23 12 34 19 34.0

450 625 575 520 2 486.4 1.5 492 79 13.5 29 23 12 35 20.5 41.4

500 680 630 573 2 538.5 1.5 545 82 14 30 23 16 36 21.5 49.8

600 790 740 678 2 641.8 1.6 649 90 15 32 23 16 38 24 69.0

700 900 850 783 2 745.0 1.6 753 97 16 34 23 20 40 26.5 92.9

800 1010 960 889 2 849.3 1.7 858 105 17 36 23 24 42 29 120.2

900 1125 1075 995 2.5 952.5 1.7 962 112 18 38 23 24 44 31.5 151.2

1000 1250 1190 1100 2.5 1055.8 1.8 1055 120 19 40 27 24 46 34 202.4



EN 545, ISO 2531 and NFA 48-860

KP Express Joint Socket pipes and fittings

Nominal Size

Dn

External DIA.

DE

Dimension (mm)Socket Mass

(kg)d2 D C P Hole No.

80 98 103.4 174 204 65 3 4.0

100 118 123.5 195 225 65 3 4.8

125 144 149.5 222 252 66 3 5.9

150 170 175.6 250 280 66 4 7.4

200 222 227.8 304 334 67 5 9.9

250 274 279.9 360 390 68 6 13.4

300 326 332.0 414 444 70 6 16.7

350 378 384.1 471 501 72 8 21.6

400 429 435.3 524 554 75 10 26.2

450 480 486.4 578 608 79 10 31.8

500 532 538.5 633 663 82 12 38.4

600 635 641.8 743 773 90 14 54.5

700 738 745.0 862 892 97 16 73.5

800 842 849.3 957 987 105 20 85.4

900 945 952.5 1061 1095 112 20 101.5

1000 1048 1055.8 1169 1203 120 22 122.6

1100 1152 1163.0 1277 1311 130 22 143.2



1200 1255 1263.3 1384 1418 135 22 168.4

EN 681 1, ISO 4633 and NF EN681 1

T-TYTON TYPE ACCESSORIES

Rubber Gasket

Dimension in mm

DN a b c d e

80 100 150 200 250

300 350 400 450

500 600

126 146 200 256

310 366 420 475

528 583 692

10.0 10.0 10.0 11.0

11.0 12.0 12.0 13.0

13.0 14.5 15.5

26 26 26 30 32 34

34 36 38 44 47

15.0 16.0 16.0 18.0

18.5 19.5 19.5 21.0

21.5 24.0 26.0

6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5

7.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 9.0

10.0

K & KP MECHANICAL & EXPRESS

ACCESSORIES Rubber Gasket

Dimension in mm

DN D M h1 h2 h3 N r1 r2

80 97 14.0 31.0 12.0 3.0 4.0 1.7 2.0

100 117 14.0 31.0 12.2 3.5 4.5 1.7 2.0

25 143 14.0 32.0 12.2 4.0 5.0 1.9 2.0



150 169 14.5 32.0 12.2 4.5 5.5 2.1 2.0

200 220 15.0 32.0 13.0 5.0 6.0 2.3 2.0

250 272 15.5 33.0 13.0 5.5 6.5 2.5 2.0

300 323 16.0 33.5 13.3 6.0 7.0 2.7 2.0

350 375 16.5 34.0 13.3 6.5 7.5 2.9 2.0

400 425 17.0 34.0 13.6 7.0 8.0 3.1 2.0

450 476 17.5 34.0 14.1 7.5 8.5 3.3 2.0

500 527 18.0 36.0 14.4 8.0 9.0 3.5 2.0

600 629 19.0 38.0 15.2 8.5 9.5 3.7 2.0

700 731 20.0 40.0 16.0 9.0 10.0 3.9 2.0

800 834 21.0 42.0 16.8 9.5 10.5 4.1 2.0

900 936 22.0 44.0 17.6 10.0 11.0 4.3 2.0

1000 1038 23.0 46.0 18.4 10.5 11.5 4.5 2.5

1100 1142 25.5 50.0 20.0 11.0 12.0 4.7 2.5

1200 1242 26.5 53.0 20.2 11.5 12.5 4.9 2.5

EN 545, ISO 2531

K MECHANICAL JOINT ACCESSORIES Ductile Iron Gland

Nominal

Size DN

Dimension (mm)

Hole No.

Socket

Mass

(kg)d1 Tolerance d2 Tolerance d3 d4 g K E

80 103.4 1.3 127 +-2 165 205 46.5 24 18 4 4.9

100 123.5 1.3 147 +-2 190 235 47 25 23 4 5.9

125 149.6 1.3 174 +-2 215 260 47.5 26 23 4 7.0

150 175.6 1.3 200 +-2 245 290 48.5 27 23 8 8.0

200 227.8 1.4 252 +-2 300 345 50 28 23 8 10.8

250 279.8 1.4 305 +-2 355 400 51.5 30 23 8 14.2

300 332 1.4 359 +-2 410 460 53 31 23 8 17.8

350 348.1 1.4 412 +-2 465 515 54.5 33 23 12 21.4

400 435.3 1.5 464 +-2 520 570 56 34 23 12 26.1

450 486.4 1.5 576 +-2 575 625 57.5 35 23 12 30.6

500 538.8 1.5 569 +-2 630 680 59 36 23 16 35.1

600 641.8 1.6 674 +-2 740 790 62 38 23 16 45.2

700 745.0 1.6 779 +-2 850 900 65 40 23 20 57.6



800 849.3 1.7 885 +-2 960 1010 68 42 23 24 70.4

900 952.5 1.7 990 +-2 1075 1125 71 44 23 24 88.1

1000 1055.8 1.8 1095 +-2 1190 1250 74 46 27 24 114.9

K Bolts and Nuts

Nominal Size

DN

Dimension (mm)Bolt No.

C E A B F G H

80 100 60 38 16 16 16 26 4

100 100 60 40 20 24 24 36 4

125 100 60 40 20 24 24 36 4

150 100 60 40 20 24 24 36 8

200 110 60 40 20 24 24 36 8

250 110 60 40 20 24 24 36 8

300 120 60 40 20 24 24 36 8

350 120 60 40 20 24 24 36 12

400 120 60 40 20 24 24 36 12

450 120 60 40 20 24 24 36 12

500 120 60 40 20 24 24 36 16

600 120 60 40 20 24 24 36 16

700 120 60 40 20 24 24 36 20

800 140 60 40 20 24 24 36 24

900 140 60 40 20 24 24 36 24

1000 150 75 47 24 29 27 41 24

EN 545, ISO 2531 and NFA 48-860KP EXPRESS JOINT ACCESSORIES Ductile Iron

Gland



Nominal Size

Dn

Dimension (mm)

Hole No. Mass (kg)

D1 d h E C

80 103.4 30 75 234 204 3 4.2

100 123.5 30 75 255 225 3 4.9

125 149.5 30 75 282 252 3 6.1

150 175.6 30 75 310 280 4 7.0

200 227.8 30 75 364 334 5 8.8

250 279.9 30 75 420 390 6 12.5

300 332.0 30 75 474 444 6 14.1

350 384.1 30 77 531 501 8 15.3

400 435.3 30 78 584 554 10 16.1

450 486.4 30 79 638 608 10 18.3

500 538.5 30 80 693 663 12 20.0

600 641.8 30 82 803 773 14 26.5

700 745.0 30 84 922 892 16 37.5

800 849.3 34 87 1025 991 20 41.0

900 952.5 34 91 1128 1095 20 50.0

1000 1055.8 34 94 1236 1203 22 60.0

1100 1160.0 34 105 1344 1311 22 77.0

1200 1263.3 34 110 1451 1418 22 90.0

KP Bolts and Nuts

Nominal Dimension (mm) Bolt Mass

Size DnNo.

Per Joint (kg)D L M A B

80 25 85 25 40.5 20 3 2.34

100 25 85 25 40.5 20 3 2.34

125 25 85 25 40.5 20 3 2.34

150 25 85 25 40.5 20 4 3.12

200 25 85 25 40.5 20 5 3.90

250 25 85 25 50.5 20 6 4.68

300 25 85 25 50.5 20 6 4.68

350 25 105 25 50.5 20 8 6.24

400 25 105 25 50.5 20 10 7.80

450 25 105 25 50.5 20 10 7.80

500 25 105 25 50.5 20 12 9.36

600 25 105 25 50.5 20 14 1092



700 25 105 25 51.0 20 16 12.48

800 28 125 28 51.0 20 20 20.40

900 28 125 28 51.0 20 20 20.40

1000 28 125 28 51.0 20 22 22.44

1100 28 125 28 51.0 20 22 22.44

1200 28 125 28 51.0 20 22 22.44

Documents

Ductile Cast Iron