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Duke Energy Emerging Technology Office
Unlocking new Grid Automation Use-Cases with Distributed Intelligence and Precision Timing
Stuart Laval
page 1Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy Corporation. All rights reserved.
Different Control Paradigms and Data Models
IEC 61850
Common Information Model(CIM)
Open Field Message Bus(OpenFMB)
What is Distributed Intelligence?• Distributed Intelligence (DI) is a multi-layer, federated
architecture that supports active coordination between multiple devices/systems to solve a common problem.– DOE refers to as “Laminar Coordination”– Can occur at head-end, node, and grid-edge layers.– Location of decision can be optimized based on
sensitivity, timeframe, system updates.
• Differences over traditional approaches– Supports stacked business use-cases– Enables edge interoperability and enhanced resiliency– Exception-based processing, distributed computing– Does not rely on back office connectivity
• DI standard: NAESB’s Open Field Message Bus (OpenFMB)
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy Corporation. All rights reserved.
Viable Distributed Intelligence (DI) Frameworks
page 4
NAESB RMQ.26 Version 3.1Please contact [email protected]
PNNL-25480 (Courtesy of JD Taft)Available at http://gridarchitecture.pnnl.gov/
DOE PNNL’s Grid Architecture 2.0:Laminar Coordination Framework (LCF)
Open Field Message Bus (OpenFMB): Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) Interoperability Framework
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy All rights reserved.
Co-Existence of Legacy and Future Controls
Centralized Command and Control (Hub-n-Spoke)
Distributed and Coordinated Functions (Layered)
Tertiary (mins-hours)
Secondary(secs-min)
Primary(msecs)
Cap-bank
Voltage Reg
P&C Relay
DER Plant Controller
DER #1 DER #2 DER #3 P&C Relay
DI / OpenFMB
Cap-bank
DER #1 DER #2
DA App
DERApp
Published Schedules
PollingSCADA
Setpoints
EMS or ADMS
DERMS or DRMS/VPP
DOE PNNL’s Laminar Coordination Framework (LCF)
TimingApp
Limited time precision Time precision ~1us
GPSClock
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy All rights reserved.
Traditional ApproachConventional deployed assets support a single use case and outcome
3/25/2019 page 6
Strategies
Demand Response
DER Forecasting
Volt-VarManagement
Remote Device
Configuration
Capacity Management
DER Management
Voltage Management
Utility Operations
Use Cases
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy All rights reserved.
Future ApproachDistributed Intelligence (DI) deployed assets support multiple
use cases and outcomes leading to stacked benefits
3/25/2019 page 7
Strategies
Capacity Management
DER Management
Voltage Management
Utility Operations
Use Cases
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10 11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18
19 20 21
22
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Stacking of Distributed Intelligence (DI) Use-cases
Use Case Capacity Management Voltage Management DER Management Utility Operations
DER Circuit Segment Management
Baseload Storage Monitoring/Mgmt. Peak Power Management DER Forecasting w/ Meters
DER Forecasting w/ Weather Stations
DER Optimization (Cust. Inverter)
DER Optimization (Utility Inverter)
Demand Response Optimization
PCC Mgmt/Optimization (Utility µgrid)
PCC Mgmt/Optimization (Cust. µgrid)
Volt/VAR Management
Grid Connectivity Discovery
Remote Device Configuration
SCADA Point Aggregation
Enhanced COMS Network Ops. Status
Improve Asset Maint. Practices
Localized Protection Alarms & Events
Self Healing Radial Network
Solar Smoothing
Solar Smoothing (+Battery)
Inadvertent Island Detection
DER Integration & Interconnection
Of the 51 identified DI use-cases, 22 could be associated with a set of four deployment scenarios.
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy All rights reserved.
DI Node Location: Network Connectivity Domains
RTU
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OpenFMBNode HW
In-Flight DI/OpenFMB Industry Efforts:• 5+ Investor-Owned Utilities initiating OpenFMB pilots
– Microgrid islanding operation & optimization– Integration of DERs (grid-scale PV/Storage) into Distribution system– Voltage & Outage Management with High-Penetration DERs– Decentralized FLISR with DERs/Microgrids & centralized DMS
• OpenFMB Adoption by Leading Utility Technology Providers – Distribution automation (DA) manufacturers– 4G LTE gateway supplier– OT/IT Integrators & Middleware providers– DOE National Labs
• New Open-source DI Capabilities– VM/Container Platforms (e.g. Docker, Kubernetes)– Protocol translators to legacy SCADA (e.g. DNP3, Modbus, GOOSE, etc)– High-precision (<1us) time synchronization (e.g. GPS/PTP)– Local Historians (e.g. Time-series Databases)
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy All rights reserved.
Rankin Substation with Energy Storage System
Mount Holly Microgrid
Customer1.2 MW Solar PVVoltage
Regulator
Duke Energy DER Pilot: Rankin Feeder
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy Corporation. All rights reserved.
Recloser
Duke Energy Microgrid Test Site: Mount Holly, NC
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy All rights reserved.
Solar PV Installations
Microgrid Islanding Switch
Battery Energy Storage Systems
Duke Energy Microgrid T&D World Publications
page 13
tdworld.com/march-2017
T&D World March 2016 issue T&D World March 2017 issue
tdworld.com/grid-opt-smart-grid/duke-develops-true-interoperability/
Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy Corporation and T&D world. All rights reserved.
Thank You!
For more information contact:
Stuart Laval, Duke [email protected]
page 14Copyright © 2019 Duke Energy All rights reserved.
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