DYNAMIC FAcADE PROTOTYPE Tanvi Dhar | Ryan Fiebing | Fall 2014

MEASURE TWICE - CUT ONCE : PERFORMANCE OF DYNAMIC FACADESABSTRACTThe essential roles of the building facades—providing shelter, form, and image—can be expanded to significantly improve building performance, including major reductions in energy use. Rather than a static enclosure, the building facade has the potential to redirect daylight, integrate natural ventilation, manage radiant heat transfers, generate energy, and provide visual and physical connections between inside and out. High performance, dynamic facade design can be realized in new construction and in strategic retrofits of existing buildings. Supported by HiPE lab and Oregon BEST, this project is intended to guide students/young professionals in a year-long investigation of a dynamic facade component leading to a scaled prototype construction and testing of this component. Objectives for the design of this component are:

1. Enhancing transparency and aesthetics from the outside in as well as inside out.

2. Harvesting and redirecting daylight deeper into the building

3. Managing glare and brightness patterns for occupants’ visual comfort

4. Solar control management for improved thermal comfort

5. Provide opportunities for ventilation and control heat gains/losses

6. Improved materiality/details and opportunities for scaling to multiple applications

DESIGN CONCEPTS

IES - VE DIGITAL ANALYSIS

CONSTRUCTION

PERFORMANCE TESTING

5’

2’ 6”

8’

INITIAL ITERIATIONS FACADE DETAIL OPTIONS

Option 1 - Only LouversOptimal Overhang forSouth Facing Facade

Divide Overhang into Louvers

Organize Louvers Based on View Angles

Option 2 - Double Facade(Glass and Perforated Panel)

Option 3 - Double Facade, Mechanical Intake, and PV Panels

View Portal

Moveable PV Panels

Warm Air Exhaust

Exterior Glass Panel

Louver Type 1

Louver Type 2

Intake Fan

Perforated AluminumPanels

Mechanical Space

QUANTITYVALUES

MIN. AVE. MAX.

UNIFORMITY(MIN./AVE.)

DIVERSITY(MIN./AVE.)

Daylight Factor

Daylight Illuminance

Daylight Factor

Daylight Illuminance

WITH SHADING DEVICE

0.7% 11.5% 49.6% 0.06 0.01

0.3% 5.0% 18.4% 0.07 0.02

0.06 0.015.05 fc 88.90 fc 382.26 fc

0.07 0.022.49 fc 38.13 fc 141.41 fc

QUANTITYVALUES

MIN. AVE. MAX.

UNIFORMITY(MIN./AVE.)

DIVERSITY(MIN./AVE.)

Daylight Factor

Daylight Illuminance

Daylight Factor

Daylight Illuminance

WITH SHADING DEVICE

0.3% 7.4% 43.0% 0.05 0.01

0.2% 2.8% 15.7% 0.06 0.01

0.05 0.012.88 fc 62.45 fc 361.00 fc

0.06 0.011.40 fc 23.60 fc 131.82 fc

QUANTITYVALUES

MIN. AVE. MAX.

UNIFORMITY(MIN./AVE.)

DIVERSITY(MIN./AVE.)

Daylight Factor

Daylight Illuminance

Daylight Factor

Daylight Illuminance

WITH SHADING DEVICE

1.5% 15.0% 48.2% 0.10 0.03

0.8% 7.7% 20.4% 0.10 0.04

0.10 0.038.14 fc 84.19 fc 269.94 fc

0.10 0.044.27 fc 43.41 fc 114.34 fc

INSTALLATION

ANALYSIS

GLARE CALCULATIONS FOR VARIOUS OPEN CONDITIONS ILLUMINANCE LEVELS AT FOR SELECTED LOUVER PATTERN

DAYLIGHT FACTORGlare: 51

Glare: 49,42,36

Glare: 49,40,32

Glare: 44

Glare: 50

Glare: 55,51,33

JUNE 21 SEPTEMBER 21 DECEMBER 21

View From Interior View From Exterior

DETAILS AND PROCESS VIEWS

SENSOR DATA

Without Prototype Without Prototype

Without PrototypeWithout Prototype

With Prototype With Prototype

With PrototypeWith Prototype

ILLUMINANCE LEVELS INTERIOR SILL(Photometric Sensor Klux)

ILLUMINANCE LEVELS CORRIDOR(Photometric Sensor Klux)

ILLUMINANCE LEVELS EXTERIOR SILL(Photometric Sensor Klux)

SURFACE TEMP WINDOW EXTERIOR(Thermal Ribbon Celsius)

SOLAR RADIATION(Pyranometer Sensor Watt/SqM)

SURFACE TEMP WINDOW INTERIOR(Thermal Ribbon Celsius)

05

101520253035404550

TS 93:9 4102/52/11 11/2

5/20

14 1

2:50

11/2

5/20

14 1

6:01

11/2

6/20

14 8

:42

11/2

6/20

14 1

1:53

11/2

6/20

14 1

5:04

11/2

7/20

14 7

:45

11/2

7/20

14 1

0:56

11/2

7/20

14 1

4:07

11/2

8/20

14 6

:48

11/2

8/20

14 9

:59

11/2

8/20

14 1

3:10

11/2

8/20

14 1

6:21

11/2

9/20

14 9

:02

11/2

9/20

14 1

2:13

11/2

9/20

14 1

5:24

11/3

0/20

14 8

:05

11/3

0/20

14 1

1:16

11/3

0/20

14 1

4:27

12/1

/201

4 7:

0812

/1/2

014

10:1

912

/1/2

014

13:3

012

/1/2

014

16:4

112

/2/2

014

9:22

12/2

/201

4 12

:33

12/2

/201

4 15

:44

12/3

/201

4 8:

2512

/3/2

014

11:3

612

/3/2

014

14:4

712

/4/2

014

7:28

12/4

/201

4 10

:39

12/4

/201

4 13

:50

12/5

/201

4 6:

3112

/5/2

014

9:42

12/5

/201

4 12

:53

12/5

/201

4 16

:04

12/6

/201

4 8:

45

05

101520253035404550

TS11

/25/

2014

9:3

411

/25/

2014

12:

4011

/25/

2014

15:

4611

/26/

2014

8:2

211

/26/

2014

11:

2811

/26/

2014

14:

3411

/27/

2014

7:1

011

/27/

2014

10:

1611

/27/

2014

13:

2211

/27/

2014

16:

2811

/28/

2014

9:0

411

/28/

2014

12:

1011

/28/

2014

15:

1611

/29/

2014

7:5

211

/29/

2014

10:

5811

/29/

2014

14:

0411

/30/

2014

6:4

011

/30/

2014

9:4

611

/30/

2014

12:

5211

/30/

2014

15:

5812

/1/2

014

8:34

12/1

/201

4 11

:40

12/1

/201

4 14

:46

12/2

/201

4 7:

2212

/2/2

014

10:2

812

/2/2

014

13:3

412

/2/2

014

16:4

012

/3/2

014

9:16

12/3

/201

4 12

:22

12/3

/201

4 15

:28

12/4

/201

4 8:

0412

/4/2

014

11:1

012

/4/2

014

14:1

612

/5/2

014

6:52

12/5

/201

4 9:

5812

/5/2

014

13:0

412

/5/2

014

16:1

012

/6/2

014

8:46

010203040506070

TS 03:9 4102/52/1123:21 4102/52/1143:51 4102/52/11 11

/26/

2014

8:0

611

/26/

2014

11:

0811

/26/

2014

14:

1011

/27/

2014

6:4

211

/27/

2014

9:4

411

/27/

2014

12:

4611

/27/

2014

15:

4811

/28/

2014

8:2

011

/28/

2014

11:

2211

/28/

2014

14:

2411

/29/

2014

6:5

611

/29/

2014

9:5

811

/29/

2014

13:

0011

/29/

2014

16:

0211

/30/

2014

8:3

411

/30/

2014

11:

3611

/30/

2014

14:

3812

/1/2

014

7:10

12/1

/201

4 10

:12

12/1

/201

4 13

:14

12/1

/201

4 16

:16

12/2

/201

4 8:

4812

/2/2

014

11:5

012

/2/2

014

14:5

212

/3/2

014

7:24

12/3

/201

4 10

:26

12/3

/201

4 13

:28

12/3

/201

4 16

:30

12/4

/201

4 9:

0212

/4/2

014

12:0

412

/4/2

014

15:0

612

/5/2

014

7:38

12/5

/201

4 10

:40

12/5

/201

4 13

:42

12/5

/201

4 16

:44

12/6

/201

4 9:

16

0100200300400500600700800900

1000

TS11

/25/

2014

10:

0111

/25/

2014

13:

3411

/26/

2014

6:3

711

/26/

2014

10:

1011

/26/

2014

13:

4311

/27/

2014

6:4

611

/27/

2014

10:

1911

/27/

2014

13:

5211

/28/

2014

6:5

511

/28/

2014

10:

2811

/28/

2014

14:

0111

/29/

2014

7:0

411

/29/

2014

10:

3711

/29/

2014

14:

1011

/30/

2014

7:1

311

/30/

2014

10:

4611

/30/

2014

14:

1912

/1/2

014

7:22

12/1

/201

4 10

:55

12/1

/201

4 14

:28

12/2

/201

4 7:

3112

/2/2

014

11:0

412

/2/2

014

14:3

712

/3/2

014

7:40

12/3

/201

4 11

:13

12/3

/201

4 14

:46

12/4

/201

4 7:

4912

/4/2

014

11:2

212

/4/2

014

14:5

512

/5/2

014

7:58

12/5

/201

4 11

:31

12/5

/201

4 15

:04

12/6

/201

4 8:

07

Looking at the Photometric sensor data it can be determined that for large portions of the day, both bays perform essentially equal. However there are times of the day when the bay with the prototype shows much higher illuminance levels than the unshaded bay. This shows that the shading device is successful at providing more day light into the space. The highly reflective surfaces of the louvers play a part in elevating these illuminance levels. Similarly the Pyranometer data set shows an increase of solar energy in almost the same pattern as the illuminance data set.

The Thermal Ribbon (PRT) data set shows that there is a significant decrease in the temperature when comparing the bay with our shading device with an unshaded bay. This would prove to be beneficial during summer months when heating loads are high; however, not as advantageous during the winter months. These data sets show a limited evaluation on the performance of the shading device. In order to get a more complete understanding of the device’s performance, more data would need to be gathered. For example, these measurements were only taken when the shading device was locked in the intermediate position (20 deg). Taking measurements when the device is completely closed (0 deg) and completely open (45 deg) would provide greater insight into the performance of the system. Recording data during different times of the year would also improve the analysis.

45 ° Bevels

Fabric

1/4” Plywood