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DURABLE STRUCTURESLNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY BUILDINGS REFURBISHMENT The need for developing a decision model tool

Ana Brando de Vasconcelos, PhD Student LNEC / ISTManuel Duarte Pinheiro, Assistant Professor IST

Armando Costa Manso, Principal Research Officer LNEC


SUMMARY

> Introduction

> Characterization of the Portuguese construction needs and

opportunities

> Decision model tool

> Conclusions

ICDS12 International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

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INTRODUCTION

> EU energy-climate package (also called the 20-20-20 plan) set three objectives to be achieved by 2020:

to reduce greenhouse gases emissions by 20% compared to 1990 levels

to increase the level of renewable energies in the EUs overall mix to 20%

to increase energy efficiency by 20%

> Directive 2010/31/UE - It was requested for the Member States to define measures to improve the energy performance of buildings


CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PORTUGUESE CONSTRUCTION

> New Construction vs. Buildings Refurbishment Despite of the decline in the construction of new buildings the

proportion between buildings refurbishment and new buildings construction for family housing is increasing

Source: INE (2011)


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> New Construction vs. Buildings Refurbishment Portugal has one of the most recent building stocks

Poor investment in refurbishment of buildings, which had led to the massive construction of new buildings

Source: Euroconstruct (2010)



> Buildings conservation 3% of the total housing stock are very degraded 38% have repair needs (59% respect to minor repairs and 14%

to major repairs) 59% have no needs of repair

Source: INE


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> Technical buildings regulation 1958 - Portuguese Seismic Safety Building Regulation (RSCCS) 1961 - Portuguese Buildings and Bridges Regulation (RSEP)

1990 - Portuguese Regulation of Thermal Behaviour Characteristics in Buildings (RCCTE)

The first earthquake-resistant regulations in the 60s decade and the first code in thermal behaviour characteristics of buildings in the 90s

constituted historical boundaries in the evolution of housing stock in Portugal (between which 50% of the total housing stock was built)



> Buildings energy efficiency More than 85% of buildings constructed before 1990 are classified

as a C or less energy label, which evidences the need for an energetic performance improvement

Source: ADENE (2011)


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> Buildings energy consumption Between 80% and 90% of the energy consumed during the

lifecycle of buildings is associated with the operation phase of the buildings

In Portugal, 21,5% of the energy consumed during the operation phase relates to heating

The implementation of energy improvement measures during the operation phase of buildings will allow achieving better energy

efficiency and a better energy sustainable construction


DECISION MODEL TOOL

What exists?

> There are a variety of systems and tools in the construction market: to support the development of sustainable design to evaluate and certificate sustainable construction in the inspection and diagnosis applied to residential

buildings to estimate the energy consumption of building standards, guidelines and reports (which include the use of

life cycle cost analysis)


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DECISION MODEL TOOL

What is requested?

> The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union have requested the Member States to set minimum requirements for the energy performance of buildings and building elements

> They request to define a methodology that allows those requirements to be set with a view to achieve the cost-optimalbalance between the investments involved and the energy costssaved throughout the life-cycle of the building


DECISION MODEL TOOL

What is needed?

> To define a decision model tool for calculating cost-optimal levels of minimum energy performance requirements in buildings in order to achieve an optimal economic balance

This methodology should help on deciding how to intervene in existing residential buildings in order to improve the energy performance

achieving this cost-optimal balance


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DECISION MODEL TOOL

Useful to whom?

> To designers for choosing the most appropriate solutions in terms of sustainability (for new buildings and refurbishment of existing buildings)

> To legislators for setting the minimum energy requirements to be imposed on buildings

> To homeowners> To professionals responsible for the management of housing stock> To specialists in the refurbishment of buildings> To architects, to engineers, to economists and to other experts

involved in the construction sector


CONCLUSIONS

> From both legally and technically perspectives, we are being lead to buildings refurbishment and its energy efficiency improvement

> It is necessary to decide when, where and how to carry out such refurbishment, in order to optimize investments and products and construction solutions choice

> A decision model tool would be helpful to assist construction stakeholders in their decision of where and in what building components should they be focused, in order to establish an optimal balance between the investments made and the energy costs saved throughout the life cycle of the building


LNEC

ICD

S12


SUSTAINABLE ENERGY BUILDINGS REFURBISHMENT The need for developing a decision model tool

Ana Brando de Vasconcelos, PhD Student LNEC / ISTManuel Duarte Pinheiro, Assistant Professor IST

Armando Costa Manso, Principal Research Officer LNEC


LNEC

ICD

S12

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E 1 ABVasconcelos