E-BUSINESS INFRASTRUCTURENEED FOR STANDARDIZATION

Rakesh VermaAdditional Director GeneralBureau of Indian Standards

e-business Infrastructure

e-business infrastructure is the collection of platforms, networks, products, applications, databases and the business rules governing the flow of data and work among them, both internally and to external systems.

e-business Infrastructure

Integration of components into cohesive systems is achieved with customization, pre-built adapters and gateways, programme to programme inter-operation technologies, web services, distributed object protocols, cross platform development tools and languages.

e-business Infrastructure Objective

• Comprehensive integration of enterprise partners to streamline business processes and to develop effective collaboration amongst them for utilizing the extended trading network to add value.

‘For effective collaboration, interoperability is the theme for standardization.’

e-business Infrastructure Interoperability

• Technical interoperability consists of the common methods and shared services for the communication, storage, processing and presentation of data.

• Semantic or business interoperability includes discovery and collaboration aspects, including work flow and decision-making transactions.

• Process interoperability. Interoperability is a prerequisite for devices and platforms

that ‘talk to one another’ and services that are ‘portable from platform to platform’.

e-business InfrastructureStandardization

‘Effective e-business infrastructure can only be created by standardization of interoperable solutions.’

e-business InfrastructureStandardization

• To enhance the deployment of services that are interoperable and platform-independent.

• To make e-business interactions more secure.

• To facilitate e-business solutions that are adaptable to user needs.

e business Infrastructure Components

e-Bu

siness R

equ

iremen

ts

Scen

ario mod

elling

Legal and commercial eg CPPA, DDR, IPR

Process models, modeling tools and templates

User vieweg STEP ARM

Information in context

Eg STEP AIM, BIE

Aggregated resources eg STEP

ARs,Aggregate CC

Core informationEg STEP IR, TDED

core componentsBSR, ISO 15418

Reference data

repositories

Naming conventions

Code listsDictionariesCatalogues

Terminology

Product classification

Object identifiers eg Shipping Labels, UID

EDI Text encoding

Other encodingeg ASN.1

Language bindings

Mark up Languages

Web services

Tech docs Conformance testing

security ConfidentialityAuthentication

Integrity

Non-repudiationAccess control

Availability

Guidance eg MIG, PLCS DEX

Core ICT standards, eg RFID, AIT, telecoms, character sets

Need for Standardization to Create

e-business Infrastructure for

Marble Enterprise

Value Chain

SUPPLY OF DIAMOND BITS

PROCESSINGMINING

SUPPLY OF SPARES

SUPPLY OF HANDLING EQUIPMENT

ACQUIRING LEASE

SUPPLY OF MANPOWER

MARKETING

POLLUTION CONTROL

CUSTOMERS

SUPPLY OF FUEL

EXPORT OF MARBLE

RESELLERSTILING PLANT

SALE OF UNPROCESSED BLOCKS

WATER & ELECTRICITYFINANCING

TRANSPORTATION

MARBLE FIXING & SETTING

EXPORT HANDLING

MINING REGULATION

Value Creation

INDUSTRY BECOMING INFORMEDINDUSTRY BECOMING INFORMED

COMPONENTS REASON TOGETHER INFORMED

COMPONENTS REASON TOGETHER INFORMED

MAKING COLLABORATIVE PLANS MAKING COLLABORATIVE PLANS

TAKING COLLABORATIVE ACTIONTAKING COLLABORATIVE ACTION

VALUE CREATION AND ADDITION FOR THE

CONSUMER

VALUE CREATED FOR THE ENTERPRISE AND THE CONSUMER

VALUE CREATED FOR THE ENTERPRISE AND THE CONSUMER

Power & Water suppliers

Send bills

Bills

Send requirement

Supply from manufacturer

Tile unit

Export enquiries

Government Departments

Send requirement

Use for mining operations

Store in warehouse

Collect information

Dispatch material

Suppliers

Indent forms

Supply order

Bills

Material use records

Receipts

Apply for licenses

Issue of licenses

Send mandatory reports

Report forms

License forms

Transporter

Processing Plant

ArrangeTransport

DispatchRequirement

Material reconciliationDocuments

Dispatch marble blocks

DestinationDocuments

Plant wise dispatch records

Agreement done

Fixing export agency

Agreement documents

Quotations

Dispatch by ship

Importer

Exportdocuments

ResellersSearch for fixers

Requirementdetails

consumer

Rich Picture-I

Industry Drivers

Mining

Processing

Marketing

We Aim At…

PROCESSINGPLANTMINESCUSTOMERS SUPPLIERS

TILING PLANT

OTHER COLLABORATORS

MARBLE FIXING UNITS

Supply from manufacturer

Rich Picture-II Online search for fixers

Marble fixing unit

Resellers

DIRECT CONSUMER

Tile unit

Export enquirieson web

Dispatch marble blocks

Dispatch by ship

Importer

Government Departments

Send

requirement on line

Dispatch material

Suppliers

Apply for licenses on line

Issue of licenses

Send mandatory reports on line

Power & Water suppliers

Send bills online

ExportAgency

Financial Institution

On line loan & repayment

Plan for Integration

• Resources and their availability

• e-business integration in phases

• Incremental growth of linkages

Short term Medium term Long term

PROCESSING PLANT

INTERNETINTERNET

EXTRA-NET

EXTRA-NET

SUPPLY CHIAN

MINES

INTRA NETINTRA NET TRANSPORT

CHAIN

EXTRA-NET

EXTRA-NET

GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS

RESELLERS & TILE PLANTS

Data server Application server

ISP

E-HUB INTERNET

INTERNET

END ONSUMER

Web server

OFC

CARRIER

CARRIER

PAYMENT SYSTEMS

BANKSBANKS

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

CARRIER

TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURE

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

ERP

CRM

HRM & procurement

Finance & Management

Supply Chain Management

Selling Chain Management

StakeholdersEmployees

Collaborators

Customers and resellers

BI EAI

Product requirements

Programmerequirements

Technical requirements

Business requirements

Application requirements

Operational requirements

Implementation architecture

Technical architecture

Business Model

Application architecture

Operational architecture

IT ModelDeployed

Application

Architecture Development Process

Technology for Information Assimilation

SENSE MAKING PROCESS

COURSE OF ACTION

DEVELOPMENTALTERNATIVE EVALUATION

CAUSES FOR MARBLE DEMAND

VARIATION

WHICH CAUSES BE ATTENDED

SEARCH ENGINE

SENSE ENGINESENSE ENGINE

INTRINSIC INFORMATION

Application Infrastructure

UserPresentation View controller Activity

controllerProcess controller

Application adapter

Application developer

Infrastructure

Resource adapter

Entity component

Profile framework of long-term bulkConsumers/users

External sources

Application adapter

Legacy system

Packaged application

SERVICES

EnterpriseUser

B2B Controller

Standardization in Technical Architecture

E-Commerce & Web Designs

ASP Enablers

Mobile Computing

Computer Hardware

Business Applications

Hosting & Connectivity

e-business Infrastructure for Open Connectivity!!

MARBLE ENTERPRISEE-BUSINESS

INFRASTRUCTURE

COLLABORATORS

COLLABORATORS

OTHER ENTERPRISES

Directory and security servers

WebPresentatio

n Servers

WebApplication

servers

CUSTOMERS

BUSINESSPARTNERS

SUPPLIERS

EMPLOYEES

CUSTOMERS

BUSINESSPARTNERS

SUPPLIERS

EMPLOYEES

TransactionServers

Data servers

Responsiveness Flexibility Scalability

Reliability Manageability Interoperability

Infrastructure: Generic ModelEdge Servers

What is required?

• Stakeholders’ consensus on the key e-business infrastructure standards.

• Efficient infrastructure to maintain selected standards for local needs.

• Higher level of stakeholders’ participation in standardization and utilization of standards.

• Accessibility and use of e-business infrastructure standards.

BIS Plan of Action

• Identify opportunities for the activities to work in harmony, avoiding conflicts in developments.

• Find ways to use what others have developed.

• Identify a common desired subset rather than lowest common denominator of objects and related mappings between objects.

• Work towards common single flexible solutions except which are truly different from industry to industry.