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主题:个人与社会(Theme: Individual and society)
日常起居 (daily routines)
• 在家中 (at home)
起床 qichuáng to get up
洗澡 xizao to take a shower/bath
刷牙 shua yá to brush teeth
洗脸 xi lian to wash face
吃饭 chifàn to eat (meal)
喝茶 he chá to drink tea
上厕所 shàng cèsuo to go to toilet
睡觉 shuìjiào to go to bed
有时候 youshíhou sometimes
经常/常常 jingcháng / chángcháng often
几点 jidian what time
点 dian o’clock
分 fen minute
刻 kè a quarter of an hour
小时 xiaoshi hour
玩 wán to play
洗碗 xi wan to clean dishes
洗衣 xi yi to wash clothes
照顾 zhàogu to look after
帮 bang to help
上午 shàngwu morning
中午 zhongwu noon
下午 xiàwu afternoon
晚上 wangshang evening
• 在学校 (at school)
同学 tóngxué classmate
上学 shàngxue to go to school
放学 fàngxue school finishes
上课 shàngke class starts
下课 xiàke class finishes
迟到 chídào late
准时 zhunshi on time; punctual
请假 qingjià to ask for leave
运动 yùndòng to do sport
锻炼 duànliàn to train; to exercise
休息 xiuxi to take a break
• 在工作单位 (in the workplace)
工作单位 gongzuò danwèi workplace 同事 tóngshì colleague
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上班 shàngban to go to work 下班 xiàban work finishes
• 社交;问候;餐桌礼仪 (social interaction: greetings, table manners)
你好 nihao hello
再见 zàijiàn goodbye
对不起 duìbuqi sorry
没关系 méiguanxi It’s ok
谢谢 xièxie thanks
不客气/不谢 búkèqi/ buxie You are
welcome
请问 qingwèn Excuse me (prior to a
question)
贵姓 guìxìng What is your surname (polite)
叫 jiào to be called
什么 shénme what
名字 míngzi name
多大 duodà How old
最近 zuìjìn recently
您身体好吗 nín shenti hao ma How is
your health
你好吗 ni hao ma How are you
怎么样 zenmeyàng What’s up
忙吗 máng ma Are you busy
很好 hen hao Very well
不错 bú cuò Not bad
一般 yìban So so; not bad
还可以 hái keyi Not too bad
欢迎 huanyíng Welcome
打扰您 darao nín Sorry for bothering
you
介绍 jièshào to introduce
祝贺 zhùhè to congratulate
恭喜 gongxi to congratulate;
Congratulations
请客 qingkè to invite someone
做客 zuòkè to be a guest
客人 kèren guest
来 lái to come
去 qù to go
看朋友 kàn péngyou to visit a friend
信 xìn letter
条子 tiáozi note
出去 chuqù to go out
有空 you kòng being free
有事 you shì busy; occupied
晚会 wanhuì evening party; ball
聚会 jùhuì gathering
见面 jiànmiàn to meet
送行 sòngxíng to see off
3
接 jie to collect (someone)
请慢用 qing màn yòng Enjoy your meal
请坐 qing zuo Please take a seat
• 星期 (week)
年 nián year
月 yuè month
日/号 rì /hào date
每天 meitian everyday
今天 jintian today
昨天 zuótian yesterday
明天 míngtian tomorrow
后天 hòutian the day after tomorrow
前天 qiántian the day before
yesterday
星期一 xingqiyi Monday
星期二 xingqièr Tuesday
星期三 xingqisan Wednesday
星期四 xingqisì Thursday
星期五 xingqiwu Friday
• 周末 (weekend)
星期六 xingqiliù Saturday
星期日/天 xingqirì / tian Sunday
周末 zhoumo weekend
教育 (education)
• 衣着 (clothes)
校服 xiàofú school uniform
制服 zhìfù uniform
大衣 dàyi coat
毛衣 máoyi sweater
雨衣 yuyi raincoat
长裤 chángkù trousers/pants
短裤 duankù shorts
裙子 qúnzi skirt
鞋子 xiézi shoes
皮鞋 píxié leather shoes
运动鞋 yùndòng xié sneakers
运动服 yùndòng fú sport suit
外套 wàitào blazer
衬衫 chènshan shirt
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T 恤衫 T xùshan T shirt
领带 lingdài tie
袜子 wàzi socks
手套 shoutào gloves
围巾 wéijin scarf
帽子 màozi hat
• 教育体制 (educational systems)
幼儿园 yòuéryuán kindergarten; nursery
小学 xiaoxué primary school
中学 zhongxué high school; secondary
school
初中 chuzhong junior high school
高中 gaozhong senior high school
大学 dàxué university
学院 xuéyuàn college
私立 silì private
公立 gonglì public; state
年级 niánjí grade
班 ban class
小组 xiaozu group
• 器材 (equipment)
课本 kèben textbook
笔 bi pen
毛笔 máobi brush
铅笔 qianbi pencil
铅笔盒 qianbi hé pencil box
纸 zhi paper
本子 benzi notebook
尺子 chizi ruler
橡皮 xiàngpí eraser
作业本 zuòyè ben workbook
录音机 lùyinji tape recorder
字典/词典 zìdian / cídian dictionary
复印机 fùyìn ji photocopier
地图 dìtú map
电脑/计算机 diànnao / jìsuànji
computer
开(关)机 kai (guan) ji to turn on (off)
computer
打印 dayìn to print
上网 shàngwang to surf the net
下载 xiàzài to download
互联网 hùliánwang internet
网页 wangye webpage
网址 wangzhi website
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文件 wénjiàn document
存 cún to save
电子邮件 diànziyóujiàn email
垃圾邮件 laji yóujiàn junk mail
病毒 bìngdú virus
回复 huífu to reply
传真 chuánzhen fax
• 考试 (examinations)
考试 kaoshì examination
及格 jígé to pass exam
复习 fùxí to revise
练习 liànxí to practise
进步 jìnbù to make progress
取得 qudé to obtain
成绩 chéngji grade
压力 yali pressure
懂 dong to understand
知道 zhidao to know
注意 zhùyì to pay attention
完成 wánchéng to complete
• 课外活动:创造,行动,服务 (extra curricular activities: creativity, action, service)
社区服务 shèqu fúwù community service
实习 shíxí work placement
服务 fúwù service
作业/功课 zuòyè / gongke homework
课外活动 kèwài huódòng extra curricular
参加 canjia to participate
运动会 yùndònghuì Sport’s day
夏令营 xiàlìngyíng summer camp
旅游 lu yóu to travel; to visit
参观 canguan to visit
• 设施 (facilities)
校园 xiàoyuán campus
教室 jiàoshì classroom
桌子 zhuozi desk
椅子 yizi chair
黑/白板 hei / bái ban writing board
实验室 shíyànshì laboratory
图书馆 túshuguan library
教学楼 jiàoxué lóu teaching block
食堂 shítáng dinning hall
礼堂 litáng assembly hall
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操场/运动场 caochang / yùndòngcháng
sports ground
体育馆 tiyu guan gym hall
游泳池 yóuyong chí swimming hall
篮球场 lánqiú chang basketball court
足球场 zúqiú chang football pitch
布告栏 bùgào lan notice board
宿舍 sùshè dormitory
• 校历(school calendar)
放假 fàngjià to start a holiday
寒假 hánjià winter holiday
暑假 shujià summer holiday
假期 jiàqi holiday
开学 kaixué to start term
学期 xuéqi term, semester
期中 qizhong midterm
期末 qimò end of term
• 学生 (students)
小学生 xiao xuésheng primary school student
中学生 zhong xuesheng middle school student
大学生 da xuésheng university student
男(女)学生 nán (nu ) xuésheng male (female) student
家长 jiazhang parents
• 学科:认识论、专题论文 (subjects: theory of knowledge, extended essay)
学科 xué ke subject
语言 yuyán language
数学 shùxué Maths
外语 wàiyu foreign language
中文 Zhongwén Chinese
汉语普通话 Hànyu putonghua Mandarin
物理 Wùli Physics
化学 Huàxué Chemistry
生物 Shengwù Biology
科学 Kexué Science
音乐 Yinyuè Music
美术 Meishù Fine art
历史 Lìshi History
地理 Dìli Geography
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政治 Zhèngzhì Politics
经济 Jingjì Economics
信息技术 Xìnxi jìshù I.T.
法律 Falu Law
工程 Gongchéng Engineering
心理学 Xinlixué Psychology
医学 Yixué Medicine
有用 youyòng useful
有意思 youyìsi interesting
有趣 youqù interesting
无聊 wúliáo boring
容易 róngyì easy
难 nán difficult
认为 rènwéi to think; to believe
同意 tóngyì to agree
反对 fanduì to object
第一,第二 dìyi , dièr firstly, secondly
其次 qícì secondly
最后 zuìhòu the last
一方面 yi fangmiàn on one hand
另一方面 lìng yi fangmiàn on the other
hand
总之 zongzhi in conclusion
• 老师 (teachers)
校长 xiàozhang headmaster
老师 laoshi teacher
班主任 banzhurèn class teacher
• 课程表 (timetable)
课程表 kèchéng biao timetable
点名 dianmíng to have roll call
上课 shàngkè class starts
下课 xiàkè class finishes
休息 xiuxi to take a break
午休 wu xiu lunch break
上学 shàngxué to go to school
放学 fàngxué school finishes
课堂活动 kètáng huódòng class activity
小组活动 xiaozu huódòng group
activity
开会 kaihuì to hold a meeting
问 wèn to ask
回答 huídá to answer; answer
讨论 taolùn to discuss; discussion
解释 jieshì to explain; explanation
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听 ting to listen
说 shuo to speak
读 dú to read
写 xie to write
字 zì word; character
句子 jùzi sentence
• 制服(uniform) See ‘clothes’ in ‘education’
• 大学:课程,生涯规划 (university: course, career)
打算 dasuàn to plan
希望 xiwàng to hope
文科 wénke Arts subjects
理科 like Science subjects
工科 gongke Engineering subjects
医科 yike Medicine
系 xì department
学位 xuéwèi degree
学士 xuéshì Bachelor degree
硕士 shuòshì Master degree
博士 bóshì PhD
研究 yánjiu to research; research
毕业 bìyè to graduate
饮食(food and drink)
• 烹饪指导(cooking instructions)
做 zuò to make
切 qie to cut; to slice
炒 chao to fry
烤 kao to bake
炸 zhá to deep fry
煮 zhu to boil
煮开 zhukai to reach to the boil point
煎 jian to shallow fry
先 xian firstly
然后 ránhòu then
放进 fàngjìn to put in
等 deng to wait
大火 dàhuo high heat
小火 xiaohuo low heat
分钟 fenzhong minute
9
• 烹饪传统:配料,特色菜,特殊活动(culinary traditions: ingredients, special dishes, special
events )
油 yóu oil
盐 yán salt
糖 táng sugar
醋 cù vinegar
酱油 jiàngyóu soy sauce
葱 cong spring onion
姜 jiang ginger
蒜 suàn garlic
胡椒粉 hújiao fen pepper powder
辣椒 làjiao chilli
西红柿酱/
番茄酱 xihóngshì jiàng / fanqié jiàng
tomato sauce
咸 xián salty
淡 dàn bland
甜 tián sweet
酸 suan sour
辣 là spicy
苦 ku bitter
红烧 hóng shao braised in soy sauce
糖醋 tángcù sweet and sour
• 食品杂货 (groceries)
米 mi rice (raw)
面条 miàntiáo noodles
肉 ròu meat
猪肉 zhuròu pork
牛肉 niúròu beef
羊肉 yángròu lamb
鸡肉 jiròu chicken
鸭肉 yaròu duck
鱼 yú fish
虾 xia shrimp
海鲜 haixian seafood
蔬菜/青菜 shucài / qingcài vegetable
凉菜 liángcài cold vegetable dish
豆腐 dòufu tofu
白菜 báicài Chinese cabbage
点心 dianxin light refreshment
饮料 yinliào drinks
矿泉水 kuàngquán shui mineral water
果汁 guozhi juice
牛奶 niúnai milk
可乐 kelè cola
汽水 qìshui lemonade
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茶 chá tea
咖啡 kafei coffee
水果 shuiguo fruit
苹果 píngguo apple
香蕉 xiangjiao banana
橙子/桔子 chéngzi / júzi orange
梨 lí pear
草莓 caoméi strawberry
零食 língshí snack
蛋糕 dàngao cake
饼干 bing gan biscuit; cookies
糖果 tangguo sweetie
巧克力 qiaokèlì chocolate
花生 huasheng peanut
冰淇淋 bingqílín ice cream
• 保健与日常饮食:素食 (health and diet: vegetarianism)
素食 sùshí vegetarian diet
素食餐厅 sùshí canting vegetarian
restaurant
吃素的 chisù de vegetarian
节食 jiéshí on diet
• 厨房电器与用具(kitchen appliances and utensils)
厨房 chúfáng kitchen
冰箱 bingxiang fridge
洗碗机 xiwan ji dish washer
微波炉 weibo lú microwave
吸尘器 xichén qì vacuum cleaner
炉子 lúzi cooker
锅子 guozi pot
炒菜锅 chaocài guo wok
碟子/盘子 diézi / pánzi plate
碗 wan bowl
筷子 kuàizi chopsticks
刀子 daozi knife
叉子 chazi fork
勺子/调羹 sháozi / tiáogeng spoon
• 市场 (market)
市场 shìchang market
超级市场 chaoji shìchang supermarket
菜市场 cài shìchang traditional food
groceries market
11
夜市 yeshì night market
小吃街 xiaochi jie snack street
摊贩 tanfàn stall seller
• 餐饮(meals)
汤 tang soup
(米)饭 (mi)fàn (cooked) rice
面条 miàntiáo noodles
饺子 jiaozi dumpling
包子 baozi bun
凉菜 liángcài cold vegetable dish
三明治 sanmíngzhì sandwich
汉堡包 hànbaobao hamburger
意大利饼/比萨饼 yìdàlìbing / bisàbing
pizza
中餐 zhongcan Chinese food
西餐 xican Western food
早餐/早饭 zaocan /zaofàn breakfast
午餐/午饭 wucan/ wufàn lunch
晚餐/晚饭 wancan/wanfàn dinner
请 qing please
好吃 haochi delicious
干杯 ganbei to drink a toast
• 数量(quantity)
个 gè most general measure word
瓶 píng bottle
盒 hé box
盘 pán plate
碗 wan bowl
杯 bei glass; cup
包 bao pack
袋 dài bag
斤 jin pound
• 餐馆 (restaurants)
中餐馆 zhongcan guan Chinese food
restaurant
西餐馆 xican guan Western food
restaurant
风味餐馆 fengwèi canguan local
cuisine restaurant
快餐馆/快餐店 Kuàicanguan /
kuàicandiàn Fast food restaurant
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饭馆 fànguan restaurant
外賣店 wàimài diàn takeaway
面店 miàndiàn noodle bar
菜单 càidan menu
订(桌) dìng (zhuo) to reserve
叫菜/点菜 jiào cài / dian cài to order food
服务员 fúwùyuán waiter/waitress
付钱/结帐/买单 fùqián / jiézhàng /
maidan to pay the bill
顾客 gùke customer
小费 xiaofèi tip
• 商店的类型 (types of shops)
商店 shangdiàn shop
商场 shangchang shopping mall
杂货店 záhuò diàn grocery store
超级市场 chaoji shìchang supermarket
水果店 shuiguo diàn fruit store
冰店 bing diàn ice store
个人资料(personal details) 、外貌(appearance) 、性格 (character)
姓名 xìngmíng name 性别 xìngbié gender
• 住址(address)
住址 zhuzhi address
国 guó country
省 sheng province
市 shì city
区 qu district
街 jie street
路 lù road
号 hào number
村 cun village
邮编 yóubian post code
电话号码 diànhuà hàoma telephone
number
城市 chéngshì city; urban
郊区 jiaoqu suburb
乡村/农村 xiangcun / nóngcun
countryside
出生地点 chusheng dìdian place of
birth
13
• 年龄 (age)
年龄 niánlíng age
岁 suì years old
多大 duodà How old
一 yi one
二 èr two
三 san three
四 sì four
五 wu five
六 liù six
七 qi seven
八 ba eight
九 jiu nine
十 shí ten
十一 shíyi eleven
十七 shíqi seventeen
二十 èrshí twenty
四十五 sìshí wu forty-five
九十九 jiushí jiu ninety-nine
百 bai hundred
• 出生日期(date of birth)
出生日期 chusheng rìqi date of birth
年 nián year
月 yuè month
日/号 rì /hào day
几月 ji yuè which month
几号 ji hào which day
一九九五 yi jiu jiu wu 1995
二零一二 èr líng yi èr 2012
一月 yiyuè January
二月 èryuè February
三月 sanyue March
四月 sìyuè April
五月 wuyuè May
六月 liùyuè June
七月 qiyuè July
八月 bayuè August
九月 jiuyuè September
十月 shíyue October
十一月 shíyiyuè November
十二月 shíèryuè December
一号 yihào 1st (day)
二号 èrhào 2nd (day)
八日/号 ba rì / hào 8th (day)
十三日/号 shísan rì / hào 13th (day)
14
二十六日/号 èrshíliù rì / hào 26th (day) 三十日/号 sanshí rì / hào 30th (day)
• 房子:房间,家具(house: rooms, furniture)
房子 fángzi house
家 jia home
住在 zhù zài to live in...
大 da big
小 xiao small
房东 fángdong landlord
房客 fángkè tenant
租房子 zu fángzi to rent a house
房租 fángzu rent
搬家 banjia to move house
房间 fángjian room
客厅 kèting living room
饭厅/餐厅 fàn ting / can ting dining room
厨房 chúfáng kitchen
书房 shufáng study
睡房/卧房/卧室 shuìfáng / wòfáng / wòshì
bedroom
浴室/洗澡间 yùshì / xizao jian bathroom
厕所/卫生间/洗手间 cèsuo / wèisheng jian
/ xishou jian toilet
三房两厅 sanfáng liangting three
bedrooms and two public rooms
车库/车房 chekù/chefáng garage
花园 huayuán garden
花 hua flower
草 cao grass
树 shù tree
阳台 yángtái balcony
楼梯 lóuti stairs
楼上 lóushàng upstairs
楼下 lóuxià downstairs
一楼 yilóu first floor
三楼 sanlóu third floor
墙 qiáng wall
窗户 chuanghu window
门 mén door
家具 jiajù furniture
床 chuáng bed
桌子 zhuozi table
椅子 yizi chair
沙发 shafa sofa
餐桌/饭桌 canzhuo / fànzhuo dinning
table
书桌 shuzhuo desk
衣柜 yiguì wardrobe
电视 diànshì TV
15
冰箱 bingxiang fridge
冷气/空调 lengqì / kongtiáo air-
conditioner
• 语言 (languages)
语言 yuyán language
中文/汉语 zhongwén/hànyu Chinese
汉语普通话 hànyu putonghua Mandarin
英语/英文 yingyu / yingwén English
日语/日文 rìyu / rìwén Japanese
韩语/韩文 hán yu / hán wén Korean
法语/法文 fayu / fawén French
德语/德文 déyu / déwén German
西班牙语/
西班牙文
xibanyáyu / xibanyáwén Spanish
外语 wàiyu foreign language
会 huì to know how to
不会 bù huì not know how to
说 shuo to speak
几种 ji zhong How many (languages)
• 国籍 (nationality)
国籍 guójí nationality
中国人 zhongguo rén Chinese
台湾人 táiwan rén Taiwanese
新加坡人 xinjiapo rén Singaporean
美国人 meiguo rén American
加拿大人 jianáda rén Canadian
澳大利亚人 Aodàlìya rén Australian
新西兰人 xinxilán rén New Zealander
日本人 rìben rén Japanese
韩国人 hánguó rén Korean
英国人 yingguo rén British
法国人 faguo rén French
德国人 déguó rén German
西班牙人 xibanya rén Spanish
外国人 wàiguo rén foreigner
东方人 dongfang rén Oriental
西方人 xifang rén Westerner
• 身体(body)
头 tóu head 头发 tóufa hair
16
脸 lian face
眼睛 yanjing eye
鼻子 bízi nose
嘴 zui mouth
耳朵 erduo ear
皮肤 pífu skin
手 shou hand
脚 jiao foot
腿 tui leg
胳膊 gebo arm
腰 yao waist
个子 gèzi height
体重 tizhòng weight
• 衣着(clothes)
衣服 yifu clothes
大衣 dàyi coat
毛衣 máoyi sweater
雨衣 yuyi raincoat
裤子 kùzi trousers/pants
裙子 qúnzi skirt
鞋子 xiézi shoes
皮鞋 píxié leather shoes
运动鞋 yùndòng xié sneakers
运动服 yùndòng fú sport suit
西装 xizhuang suit
衬衫 chènshan shirt
T 恤衫 T xùshan T shirt
领带 ling dài tie
袜子 wàzi socks
手套 shoutào gloves
围巾 wéijin scarf
帽子 màozi hat
穿 chuan to wear (clothing and shoes)
戴 dài to wear (accessories)
红 hóng red
绿 lu green
黑 hei black
白 bái white
蓝 lán blue
黄 huáng yellow
棕 zong brown
橙 chéng orange
• 体貌(physical appearance)
高 gao tall 矮 ai short (height)
17
胖 pàng fat
瘦 shòu thin; slender
长 cháng long
短 duan short (length)
大 da big
小 xiao small
粗 cu thick
细 xì thin
圆 yuán round
漂亮 piàoliang pretty; beautiful
好看 haokàn nice looking
可爱 keài cute
公斤 gongjin kilogram
米/公尺 mi / gongchi meter
公分 gongfen centimeter
尺 chi Chinese foot (length or height)
寸 cùn Chinese inch
• 态度(attitudes)
友好 youhao friendly
热情 rèqíng enthusiastic; warm
有耐性 you nàixìng patient
好脾气 hao píqì good tempered
坏脾气 huài píqì bad tempered
亲切 qinqiè warm; friendly
小气 xiaoqì stingy
外向 wàixiàng outgoing
内向 nèixiàng introverted
有礼貌 you limào polite
认真 rènzhen diligent; earnest
独立 dúlì independent
• 情感与感觉(feelings)
高兴 gaoxìng happy
快乐 kuàilè Joyful
开心 kaixin pleased
愉快 yúkuài merry
兴奋 xingfèn excited
伤心 shangxin sad
难过 nánguò sad; feeling unwell
生气 shengqì angry
担心 danxin worried
紧张 jinzhang nervous
放心 fàngxin relieved
满意 manyì satisfied
笑 xiào to laugh
哭 ku to cry
18
累 lèi tired
饿 è hungry
饱 bao full
渴 ke thirsty
烦 fán annoyed
身体健康(physical health)
• 意外事故:急救,紧急状况(accidents: first-aid, emergencies)
医院 yiyuàn hospital
急诊 jízhen emergency
交通事故 jiaotong shìgù traffic accident
受伤 shòushang injured
流血 liúxuè to bleed
救护车 Jiùhù che ambulance
救火车 Jiuhuo che fire engine
火灾 huozai fire
灭火 mièhuo to put out fire
地震 dìzhèn earthquake
• 身体(body) See ‘body’ in ‘ apprearence’
• 医生:检查,预约 (doctor: check-ups, appointments)
看病 kànbìng to see a doctor
医生 yisheng doctor
牙医 yáyi dentist
护士 hùshi nurse
打针 dazhen to give an injection
吃药 chiyào to take medication
检查 jianchá to check up
预约 yue to make an
appointment/appointment
治疗 zhìliáo to treat (an illness)
• 健康:生活方式,饮食,健身 (health: lifestyle, diet, fitness)
很健康 hen jiànkang very healthy
生活方式 shenghuó fangshì lifestyle
饮食习惯 yinshí xíguàn diet
节食 jiéshí on diet
健身中心/健身室 jiànshen zhongxin /
jiànshen shì fitness center
做运动 zuò yùndòng to take exercise
吸烟 / 抽烟 xiyan to smoke
19
• 医院与诊所:人员,大楼(hospital and clinic: personnel, buildings)
医院 yiyuàn hospital
诊所/医务室 zhensuo / yiwùshi clinic
中医 zhongyi Chinese doctor
西医 xiyi Western doctor
医生 yisheng doctor
护士 hùshi nurse
病人 bìngrén patient
病房 bìngfáng ward
挂号 guàhào to register
排队 páiduì to queue
• 疾病(illness)
生病 shengbìng to fall ill
感冒 ganmào to have a cold
不舒服 bù shufu not feeling well
咳嗽 késou to cough
发烧 fashao to have fever
头痛 tóutòng to have headache
疼 téng ache, pain
• 药 (medicines)
药 yào medicine
中药 zhongyào Chinese medicine
西药 xiyào Western medicine
药片 yàopiàn tablet, pill
药水 yàoshui liquid medicine
吃药 chiyào to take medicine
• 药方/处方(prescriptions )
药房/药店 yàofáng / yàodiàn pharmacy/drug store
一日三次 yirì sancì three times a day
饭前吃 fànqián chi to take medicine before meal
饭后吃 fànhòu chi to take medicine after meal
关系 (relationships)
20
• 动物(animals)
动物 dòngwù animal
狗 gou dog
猫 mao cat
鱼 yú fish
兔子 tùzi rabbit
牛 niú cow; bull
羊 yáng goat; sheep
猪 zhu pig
鸡 ji rooster; hen
鸭 ya duck
鸟 niao bird
马 ma horse
小马 xiaoma pony
小老鼠 xiao laoshu mouse
龙 lóng dragon
虎 hu tiger
狮 shi lion
猴 hóu monkey
蛇 shé snake
熊猫 xióngmao panda
• 社区 (community )
社区 shèqu community
邻居 línju neighbour
大家 dàjia everyone
大人/成人 dàren / chéngrén adult
老年人 laoniánrén elderly
中年人 zhongniánrén middle-aged
青年/年轻人 qingnián / niánqingrén
young people
青少年 qingshàonián teenager
小孩/儿童 xiaohái / értóng child
男人 nánrén man
女人 nurén woman
• 家庭(family)
家庭 jiatíng family
家人 jiarén family member
亲戚 qinqi relative
爸爸/父亲 bàba / fùqin dad/father
妈妈/母亲 mama / muqin mum/mother
哥哥 gege older brother
姐姐 jiejie older sister
弟弟 dìdi younger brother
妹妹 mèimèi/mèimei younger sister
祖父/爷爷 zufù / yéye paternal
21
grandfather
祖母/奶奶 zumu / nainai paternal
grandmother
外祖父/外公 wàizufù / wàigong maternal
grandfather
外祖母/外婆 wàizumu / wàipo maternal
grandmother
伯伯/伯父 bóbo / bófù uncle (father’s older
brother)
叔叔 shushu uncle (father’s younger
brother)
姑姑 gugu aunt (father’s sister)
姨 yí aunt (mother’s sister)
舅舅 jiùjiu uncle (mother’s brother)
孩子 háizi child
儿子 érzi son
女儿 nuér daughter
丈夫/先生 zhàngfu / xiansheng
husband
妻子/太太 qizi / tàitai wife
• 家庭的庆祝会(family celebrations)
庆祝 qìngzhù to celebrate
生日 shengrì birthday
婚礼 hunli wedding
聚会 jùhuì gathering
礼物 liwu present
• 朋友 (friends)
朋友 péngyou friend
好朋友 hao péngyou close friend
男的朋友 nánde péngyou male friend
女的朋友 nu de péngyou female friend
男朋友 nán péngyou boyfriend
女朋友 nu péngyou girlfriend
• 同伴(partnerships)
夫妻 fuqi husband and wife
男朋友 nán péngyou boyfriend
女朋友 nu péngyou girlfriend
结婚 jiéhun to get married
同居 tóngju to live together
22
• 宠物 (pets)
宠物 chongwù pet
狗 gou dog
猫 mao cat
鱼 yú fish
兔子 tùzi rabbit
鸟 niao bird
小马 xiaoma pony
小老鼠 xiao laoshu mouse
购物(shopping)
• 信贷 (credit)
信用卡 xìnyòng ka credit card 刷卡 shuaka to use a credit card
• 习俗和传统:讨价还价,拍卖 (customs and traditions: bargaining, sales)
讨价还价 taojia huánjià bargaining
拍卖 paimài sale
打折 dazhé on discount
减价 jianjia to reduce price
买一送一 maiyi sòngyi buy one get one
free
便宜一点 piányi yidian to reduce the
price a little
太贵了 tài guì le too expensive
• 环境考量:包装,原料(environmental concerns: packaging, sources)
环境 huánjìng environment
包装 baozhuang package
袋子 dàizi bag
塑胶袋 sùjiao dài plastic bag
纸袋 zhidài paper bag
• 钱(money)
钱 qián money
零钱 língqián change
找钱 zhaoqián to get change
元/块 yuán / kuài dollar (RMB)
23
角/毛 jiao / máo ten cents
分 fen cent
便宜 piányi cheap
贵 guì expensive
现金 xiànjin cash
支票 zhipiào cheque/check
信用卡 xìnyòng ka credit card
有 you to have
没有 méiyou not have
• 网上购物 (shopping on the internet)
网上购物 wangshàng gòuwù shopping
on internet
买 mai to buy
卖 mài to sell
安全 anquán safe
方便 fangbiàn convenient
• 商店(shops)
商店 shangdiàn shop
百货商店/公司 baihuò shangdiàn / gongsi
department store
购物中心/商场 gòuwù zhongxin /
shangchang shopping mall
Mandarin ab initio: Language-specific
syllabus 38
Mandarin ab initio : Programme spécifique
Mandarín ab initio: Programa de estudios
específico
部(门) bù (mén) department
一楼 yi lóu first floor
电梯 diànti lift; escalators
地下层 dìxiacéng basement
服饰/服装 fúshì / fúzhuang clothing
玩具 wánjù toy
饮食/餐饮 yinshí / canyin food
服务台 fúwùtái reception; information
desk
试衣室/间 shiyi shì / jian fitting room
试穿 shìchuan to try on
书店 shudiàn bookstore
肉店 ròudiàn meat store
鱼店 yúdiàn fish store
超级市场 chaoji shìchang
supermarket
服饰店 fúshì diàn boutique
营业时间 yíngyè shíjian opening times
24
• 交易 (transactions)
收银处 shouyín chù cashier
柜台 guìtái counter
售货员 shòuhuòyuán sale assistant
袋子 dàizi bag
顾客 gùkè customer
排队 páiduì to queue
买 mai to buy
卖 mài to sell
退(货) tuì (huò) to return
换 huàn to exchange
发票/收据 fapiào /shouju receipt
主题:休闲与工作 (Theme: Leisure and work)
就业 (employment)
• 事业/生涯 (career)
计划/打算 jìhuà / dasuàn to plan
希望 xiwàng to hope
准备 zhunbèi to prepare
如果 rúguo if
将来 jianglái in the future
能 néng to be able to
当/做 dang / zuò to be...as...
简历 jianli resume/CV
广告 guanggào advertisement
申请 shenqing to apply
工作 gongzuò to work; work
面试 miànshi interview
有信心 you xìnxin confident
赚钱 zhuànqián to make money
成功 chénggong to succeed; success
说 shuo to speak
书写 shuxie to write
流利 liúlì fluent
• 工作培训 (job training)
训练 xùnliàn to train; training
机会 jihuì opportunity
25
• 职业 (professions)
职业 zhíyè profession; occupation
工人 gongrén worker
工程师 gongchéngshi engineer
厨师 chúshi chef
律师 lu shi lawyer
老师/教师 laoshi / jiàoshi teacher
教授 jiàoshòu professor
会计 kuàijì accountant
公务员 gongwùyuán civil servant
科学家 kexuéjia scientist
画家 huàjia painter (art)
艺术家 yìshùjia artist
作家 zuòjia writer
记者 jìzhe journalist; reporter
经理 jingli manager
医生/大夫 yisheng / dàifu doctor
护士 hùshi nurse
农民 nóngmín peasant
商人/生意人 shangrén / shengyi rén
business person
司机 siji driver
演员 yanyuán actor/actress
职员 zhíyuán clerk
服务员 fúwùyuán waiter/waitress
秘书 mìshu secretary
翻译 fanyì translator; interpreter
自由职业 zìyóu zhíyè self-employed
家庭主妇 jiatíng zhufù house wife
退休 tuìxiu retired; to retire
• 资历 (qualifications)
医科 yike medical course
文科 wénke arts and humanity course
理科 like science course
工科 gongke engineering course
学位 xuéwèi degree
学士 xuéshì Bachelor degree
硕士 shuòshì Master degree
博士 bóshì PhD degree
工作经验 gongzuò jingyàn work
experience
• 学习 (studies)
26
学习 xuéxí to study, to learn
系 xì department
研究 yánjiu to research
毕业 bìyè to graduate
• 失业 (unemployment)
失业 shiyè unemployed
找工作 zhao gongzuò to look for work
• 工作条件:薪水,时间安排 (work conditions: salary, schedule)
全职 quánzhí full-time work
兼职 jianzhí part-time work
打工 dagong part-time work (during
study)
赚钱 zhuànqián to make money
零用钱/零花钱 língyòngqián / línghuaqián
pocket money
收入 shourù income
工资/薪水 gongzi / xinshui salary
上班 shàngban to go to work
下班 xiàban to finish work
假期 jiàqi holiday
休息 xiuxi to take a break
午休 wuxiu lunch break
努力 nuli diligent
娱乐 (entertainment)
• 文化与特殊活动:节庆 (cultural and special events: festivals)
中国新年/春节 zhongguó xinnián / chunjie
Chinese New Year/spring festival
除夕 chúxi New Year Eve
过节 guòjié to celebrate festival
圣诞节 shèngdànjié Christmas
复活节 fùhuójié Easter
舞龙 wulóng dragon dance
舞狮 wushi lion dance
龙舟比赛 lóngzhou bisài dragon boat
race
划龙舟 huá lóngzhou to row dragon
boat
端午节 duanwujié Dragon boat
Festival
月饼 yuèbing mooncake
音乐会 yinyuèhuì concert
27
艺术节 yìshùjié art festival
传统 chuántong traditional
现代 xiàndài modern
• 游览 (excursions)
旅游 lu yóu to tour
参观 canguan to visit (sightseeing)
旅游团/旅行团 lu yóu tuán / lu xíng tuán
tour group
旅游车/旅行车 lu yóu che/ lu xíng che tour
bus
票价 piào jia ticket price
门票 ménpiào entrance ticket
订 dìng to book
买 mai to buy
• 休闲活动 (leisure activities)
对...有兴趣 duì ... youxìngqu to be
interested in...
喜欢 xihuan to like
不喜欢 bù xihuan to dislike
更喜欢 gèng xihuan to like...more
觉得 juéde to feel
认为/想 rènwéi / xiang to think
参加 canjia to join; to participate
运动 yùndòng sport
打球 daqiú to play ball games
网球 wangqiú tennis
乒乓球 pingpangqiú table tennis
篮球 lánqiú basketball
羽毛球 yumáoqiú badminton
足球 zúqiú football
游泳 yóuyong to swim
滑冰 huábing to ice skate
滑雪 huáxue to ski
跑步 paobù to jog
旅行 lu xíng to travel
有趣/有意思 youqù / youyìsi interesting
好看 haokàn good looking
无聊 wúliáo boring
• 休闲设施 (leisure facilities)
音乐厅 yinyuè ting music hall 电影院 diànyingyuàn cinema
28
图书馆 túshuguan library
游泳池 yóuyongchí swimming pool
体育馆 tiyùguan gym hall
健身中心 jiànshen zhongxin fitness
center
剧场 jùchang thearter
美术馆 meishùguan art gallery
博物馆 bówùguan museum
公园 gongyuán park
游乐场 yóulèchang amusement park
舞场 wuchang dance hall
足球场 zúqiuchang football pitch
滑冰场 huábingchang skating rink
• 艺术 (the arts)
看书 kànshu to read
看电视 kàn diànshì to watch TV
看电影 kàn diànying to watch films
写作 xiezuò to write
唱歌 chàngge to sing
艺术 yìshù art
听 ting to listen
音乐 yinyuè music
流行音乐 liúxíng yinyue pop music
古典音乐 gudian yinyue classical music
民歌 mínge folk music
乐器 yuèqì musical instrument
跳舞 tiàowu to dance
摄影/照相 shèying / zhàoxiàng to take
photos
戏剧 xìjù drama
画画 huàhuà to paint
表演 biaoyan to perform
假期 (holidays)
• 住宿 (accommodation)
住 zhù to live
订房 dìngfáng to book a room
酒店/饭店 jiudiàn / fàndiàn hotel
Mandarin ab initio: Language-specific
syllabus 46
Mandarin ab initio : Programme spécifique
Mandarín ab initio: Programa de estudios
específico
宾馆/旅馆 binguan / luguan hotel
29
露营/野营 lùyíng / yeyíng to camp
双人间 shuangrén jian double room
单人间 danrén jian single room
空房间 kong fángjian vacant room
入住登记 rùzhù dengjì to check in
退房 tuìfáng to check out
安全门 anquán mén exit
双人床 shuangrén chuáng double bed
单人床 danrén chuáng single bed
• 活动 (activities)
买 mai to buy
购物 gòuwù shopping
纪念品 jìniànpin souvenir
礼物 liwu present
参观 canguan to visit
文化中心 wénhuà zhongxin cultural
center
博物馆 bówùguan museum
长城 chángchéng Great Wall
照相机 zhàoxiàngji camera
旅行社 luxíng shè travel agent
地图 dìtú map
行程 xíngchéng schedule
出发 chufa to set off
目的地 mùdìdì destination
• 当地习俗和传统 (local customs and traditions)
汉族 hànzú Han people
少数民族 shaoshu mínzú minority
nationality
习俗 xísú customs
传统 chuántong traditions
• 地方和民族特色食品(regional and national foods)
北方菜 beifang cài northern dish
南方菜 nánfang cài southern dish
地方菜 dìfang cài local food
特色菜 tèsè cài speciality
火锅 huoguo hot pot
• 旅游咨询中心 (tourist office and information)
30
咨询中心 zixún zhongxin information
center
市中心 shì zhongxin city center
旅游景点 lu yóu jingdian scenic spot
火车站 huochezhàn train station
飞机场 feijichang airport
坐车 zuòche to take the car/bus
开车 kaiche to drive
租车 zuche to rent a car
从...到 cóng ... dào from...to...
海报 haibào poster
小册子 xiaocèzi brochure
禁止停车 jìnzhi tíngche No parking
禁止入内 jìnzhi rùnèi No entering
请勿照相/ 请勿拍照 qingwù zhàoxiàng /
qingwù paizhào No photo
保持安静 baochí anjìng Quiet
危险 weixian Danger
出口 chukou Exit
入口 rùkou Entrance
注意安全 zhùyì anquán Caution
• 交通 (transport)
飞机 feiji airplane
火车 huoche train
大巴 dàba bus
坐 zuò to take
开车 kaiche to drive
买票 maipiào to buy ticket
订票 dìngpiào to book ticket
单程 danchéng single trip
来回 láihuí round trip
取票 qupiào to collect ticket
旅客 lu kè passenger
售票处 shòupiào chù ticket office
候车室 hòuche shì waiting room
(bus/train)
候机室 hòuji shì waiting room (flight)
转车 zhuanche to change bus/train
转机 zhuanji to transfer (flight)
时刻表 shíkè biao timetable
护照 hùzhào passport
签证 qianzhèng visa
海关 haiguan custom
检查 jianchá to check
行李 xíngli luggage
带 dài to carry
安全 anquán safe
航空公司 hángkong gongsi airline
31
company
航班 hángban flight
起飞 qifei to take off
降落 jiàngluò to land
正点 zhèngdian to be on schedule
晚点 wandian to be behind the
schedule
• 假日种类:城市、沙滩、家庭 (types of holiday: city, beach, family)
全包旅游 quánbao lu yóu all included
tour package
三日游 sanrì yóu three-day trip
长途旅游 chángtú lu yóu long-distance
tour
短途旅游 duantú lu yóu excursion
参观 canguan to visit
游览 yóulan to go sightseeing
• 天气和季节 (weather and seasons)
晴 qíng sunny
阴/多云 yin / duoyún cloudy
下雨 xiàyu to rain
下雪 xiàxue to snow
打雷 daléi thunder
刮风 guafeng windy
冷 leng cold
热 rè hot
暖和 nuanhuó warm
凉快 liángkuai cool
气温 qìwen temperature
度 dù degree
四季 sìjì four season
春天/春季 chuntian / chunjì Spring
夏天/夏季 xiàtian / xiajì Summer
秋天/秋季 qiutian / qiujì Autumn
冬天/冬季 dongtian /dongt jì winter
媒体 (media)
• 广告 (advertisements)
广告 guanggào advertisements
登 deng to publish (advert)
电视广告 diànshì guanggào TV advert
电影广告 diànying guanggào movie
advert
32
网上广告 wangshàng guanggào internet advert
• 名人:生活方式 (celebrities: lifestyle)
名人 míngrén celebrities
有名 youmíng famous
明星 míngxing star
歌星 gexing singer
出生地 chushengdì place of birth
• 网络与社交网站 (internet and social network sites)
网络 wangluò internet
社交网站 shèjiao wangzhàn social
network sites
电子邮件 diànzi yóujiàn email
垃圾邮件 laji yóujiàn junk mail
回复 huífu to reply
聊天室 liáotian shì chatting room
网友 wangyou internet friend
• 新闻出版:新闻、报道 (press: news, reporting)
新闻 xinwén news
电视新闻 diànshì xinwén TV news
天气预报 tianqì yùbào weather forecast
报纸 bàozhi newspaper
杂志 zázhì magazine
网络 wangluò internet
文章 wénzhang article
订 dìng to subscribe
• 广播:节目种类、节目表 (radio: types of programme, schedule)
广播电台 guangbo diàntái radio station 节目表 jiémù biao schedule
• 电视:节目种类、节目表 (television: types of programme, schedule)
电视节目 diànshi jiémù TV program
连续剧/电视剧 liánxùjù / diànshìju TV
soap
广告 guanggào advertisement
开始 kaishi to start
结束 jiéshù to finish
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体育运动(sport)
• 俱乐部与运动队 (clubs and teams )
俱乐部 jùlèbù club
俱乐部成员 Jùlèbu chéngyuán club
member
参加 canjia to join; to participate
球队 qiúduì (ball) team
队员 duìyuán team member
• 特殊活动:赛艇会、奥林匹克运动会
(special events: regatta, Olympic games)
奥林匹克运动会 àolínpikè yùndònghui
Olympic games
国际 guójì international
全国 quánguó national
• 运动器材 (sport equipment )
球 qiú ball
球拍 qiúpai racket
运动服 yùndòng fú sport clothing
运动鞋 yùndòng xié sport shoes
泳衣 yongyì swimming suit
泳裤 yongkù swimming trunk
• 电视体育节目:社交 (sport on TV: social interaction)
比赛 bisài game; contest
国际 guójì international
全国 quánguó national
运动员 yùndòngyuán athlete; sports person
队 duì team
输 shu to lose
赢 yíng to win
平分 píngfen to draw
球迷 qiúmí fan (ball games)
观众 guanzhòng audience
• 运动场馆:体育场(sport venues: stadium)
体育场 tiyùchang stadium
体育馆 tiyùguan gymnasium
田径场 tiánjìng chang athletic track
• 运动服 (sportswear)
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运动服 yùndòng fú sportswear
球衣 qiúyi clothes (ball games)
球鞋 qiúxié shoes (ball games)
球帽 qiumào hat (ball games)
• 传统:民族的运动 (traditions: national sport)
踢毽子 ti jiànzi to play shuttlecock
打羽毛球 da yumáoqiú to play badminton
打乒乓球 da pingpangqiú to play table tennis
放风筝 fàng fengzheng to fly a kite
划龙舟 huá lóngzhou to row dragonboat
• 训练:活动、场地(training: activities, places)
训练 xùnliàn to train
快 kuài fast
慢 màn slow; slowly
体育场 tiyùchang stadium
体育馆 tiyùguan gymnasium
田径场 tiánjìng chang athletic track
• 运动种类 (types of sport)
打 da to play
羽毛球 yumáoqiú badminton
网球 wangqiú tennis
乒乓球 pingpangqiú table tennis
篮球 lánqiú basketball
棒球 bàngqiú baseball
橄榄球 ganlanqiú rugby
板球 banqiú cricket
游泳 yóuyong to swim
滑雪 huáxue to ski
滑冰 huábing to ice skate
跑步 paobù to jog
骑车 qíche to ride a bike
排球 páiqiú volleyball
科技 (technology)
• 与电脑网络的关系(cyber relationships )
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电脑 diànnao computer 网络 wangluò internet
• 拍电影和摄影 (filming and photography)
拍电影 pai diànying to make films
看电影 kàn diànying to watch films
动画片 dònghuà piàn animation film
爱情片 àiqíng piàn romance film
动作片 dòngzuò piàn action film
悲剧 beijù tragedy
喜剧 xijù comedy
照相/摄影 zhàoxiàng / shèying to take
photos
照相机 zhàoxiàngji camera
洗照片 xi zhàopiàn to develop photos
• 网络与音乐 (internet and music)
下载 xiàzài to download
音乐 yinyuè music
付费 fùfèi to pay fees
免费 mianfèi free of charge
• 网络购物与网络银行业务 (internet shopping and banking)
网络购物 wangluò gòuwù internet shopping
网络银行业务 wangluo yínháng yewù internet banking
上网 shàngwang to go online
• 休闲:互动游戏 (leisure: interactive games)
网络游戏 wangluò yóuxì internet games
电子游戏 diànzi yóuxi electronical games
电脑游戏 diànnao yóuxi computer games
打 da to play
月费 yuèfèi monthly fee
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• 社交联网:手机、网络 (social networking: mobile telephone, internet)
手机 shouji mobile
打电话 da diànhuà to make a call
接电话 jie diànhuà to receive a call
免费电话 mianfèi diànhuà toll free call
区号 quhào district code
留言 liúyán to leave a message
转告 zhuangào to pass on a message
发短信 fa duanxìn to send text
message
聊天 liáotian to chat
月费 yuèfèi monthly fee
电话卡 diànhuà ka phone card
• 使用科技:学校、工作单位 (use of technology: school, work)
电脑 diànnao computer
CD 光盘 CD guangpán CD
查电子邮件 chá diànzi yóujiàn to check
网上教学 wangshàng jiàoxué internet
teaching
交通(transport)
• 故障 (break-downs)
坏了 huài le breakdown 修理 xiuli to fix
• 方向 (directions)
东 dong east
西 xi west
南 nán south
北 bei north
向/往...走 xiàng / wàng ... zou to go
towards...
左拐/左转 zuo guai / zuo zhuan to turn
left
右 yòu right
向前走 xiàngqián zou to go straight
一直走 yìzhí zou to go straight forward
后 hòu behind
离...近 lí ... jìn very near from...
远 yuan far
从...到 cóng ... dào from...to
中间 zhongjian middle
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旁边 pángbian next to
对面 duìmiàn on the opposite side
在...附近 zài ... fùjìn nearby
十字路口 shízì lùkou crossroads
红绿灯 hónglùdeng traffic light
步行街 bùxíng jie pedestrian’s area
人行道 rénxíngdào pavement
停车场 tíngche chang parking lot
(飞)机场 (fei) jichang airport
车站 chezhàn station
火车站 huochezhàn train station
高速公路 gaosu gonglù highway
桥 qiáo bridge
• 驾驶:超速,喝酒 (driving: speed, alcohol)
喝酒 hejiu to drink
开车 kaiche to drive
喝酒不开车 hejiu bù kaiche No driving
after drinking
开车不喝酒 kaiche bù hejiu No
drinking before driving
交通警察 jiaotong jingchá traffic police
快 kuài fast
• 紧急情况 (emergencies)
医院 yiyuàn hospital
急诊 jízhen emergency
车祸 chehuò traffic accident
受伤 shòushang injured
打电话 da diànhuà to make a call
• 环境问题 (environmental issues)
空气 kongqì air
新鲜 xinxian fresh
污染 wuran polluted
改进 gaijìn to improve
走路 zoulù to walk
坐 zuò to take
公共交通工具 gonggòng jiaotong
gongjù public transport
骑(自行)车 qí (zìxíng) che to ride a
bicycle
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• 危险状况 (hazards)
修路 xiulù to repair roads 危险 weixian dangerous, danger
• 交通规则:道路标志 (highway code: road signs)
高速公路 gaosu gonglù highway
禁止超车 Jìnzhi chaoche No overtaking
• 交通工具 (means of transport)
(
轿)车 (jiào ) che car
公共汽车/公车 gonggòng qìche /
gongche bus
火车 huoche train
电车 diànche tram
出租车/计程车 chuzuche / jìchéngche
taxi
自行车/脚踏车/ 单车 zìxíngche / jiaotàche
/ danche bicycle
摩托车 mótuoche motorbike
地铁 dìtie underground/subway
船 chuán boat
飞机 feiji airplane
班 ban measure word for trains, buses,
boats and flights
• 旅行:费用,来回票,通车,订票(travelling: fares, return tickets, commuting), reservations)
车费 chefèi bus/train fare
车票 chepiào bus/train ticket
机票费 jipiàofèi flight fare
机票 jipiào flight ticket
单程票 danchéng piào single ticket
来回票 láihuí piào return ticket
预订 yùdìng to reserve
主题:城市环境与乡村环境 (Theme: Urban and rural environment)
环境方面的顾虑(environmental concerns)
• 气候改变(climate change )
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气候 qìhòu climate
改变 gaibiàn change, to change
全球 quánqiú global
暖化 nuanhuà warming
冰山 bingshan iceburgh
晴 qíng sunny
阴/多云 yin / duoyún cloudy
下雨 xiàyu to rain
下雪 xiàxue to snow
打雷 daléi thunder
刮风 guafeng windy
冷 leng cold
热 rè hot
暖和 nuanhuó warm
气温 qìwen temperature
度 dù degree
四季 sìjì four season
春天/春季 chuntian /chunjì Spring
夏天/夏季 xiàtian /xiajì Summer
秋天/秋季 qiutian /qiujì Autumn
冬天/冬季 dongtian /dongjì winter
• 濒危物种 (endangered species)
濒危物种 binwei wùzhong endangered species
保护 baohù to protect
• 全球暖化 (global warming)
气候 qìhòu climate
改变 gaibiàn change, to change
全球 quánqiú global
暖化 nuanhuà warming
变暖 biànnuan to become warmer
• 环保问题:回收利用、有机食物 (green issues: recycling, organic foods)
保护 baohù to protect
绿化 lùhuà to plant trees and grass
垃圾 laji rubbish
回收利用 huíshou lìyòng to recycle
废水 fèishui waste water
废气 fèiqì waste gas
旧物回收利用 jiùwù huíshou lìyòng
waste material recycling
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节省 jiésheng to save
使用 shiyòng to use
能源 néngyuán energy
• 自然资源:水、石油 (natural resources: water, oil)
水 shui water
风 feng wind
石油 shíyóu oil
汽油 qìyóu patrol
自然资源 zìrán ziyuán natural
resources
• 污染的类型:环境、视觉、听觉(types of pollution: environmental, visual, sound)
环境 huánjìng environment
污染 wuran pollution
空气 kongqì air
酸雨 suanyu acid rain
水灾 shuizai flood
旱灾 hànzai draught
破坏 pòhuài to destroy
噪音 zàoyin noise
全球问题 (global issues)
• 救援组织 (aid organizations)
救援 jiùyuán aid; to rescue
组织 zuzhi organization
联合国 liánhéguó United Nations
• 非政府组织 (NGOs, non-governmental organizations)
政府 zhèngfu governmental, official
非政府 fei zhèngfu non-governmental,
unofficial
慈善 císhàn charity
组织 zuzhi organization
• 和平(peace)
和平 hépíng peace
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• 贫穷 (poverty)
贫穷 pínqióng poverty
• 战争 (war)
战争 zhànzheng war
邻里 (neighbourhood)
• 城市:郊区 (city: suburb)
城市 chéngshì city
郊区 jiaoqu suburb
市中心 shì zhongxin city center
• 问路(directions)See ‘transport’
• 当地活动或社区活动 (local or community events)
新年晚会 xinnián wanhuì New Year party
拜年 bàinián to pay a New Year call
慈善活动 císhàn huódòng charity event
• 邻居和当地社区 (neighbours and local community)
社区 shèqu community
邻居 línju neighbour
友好 youhao friendly
安静 anjìng peace and quiet
吵闹 chaonào noisy
空气 kongqì air
新鲜 xinxian fresh
• 公共建筑和纪念碑:市政厅、青少年活动中心(public buildings and
monuments: town hall, youth centre)
市政厅 shìzhèng ting town hall
警察局/公安局 jingchájú / gonganju police station
• 房屋种类 (types of housing)
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房子 fángzi house
公寓 gongyù flat
别墅 biéshù villa
一栋楼 yidòng lóu one building
一层楼 yicéng lóu one floor
一楼 yi lóu first floor
• 乡村 (village)
乡村/农村 xiangcun / nóngcun village (area)
村子 cunzi (a) village
自然地理 (physical geography)
• 国家与地域 (countries and regions)
中国 zhongguó China
台湾 táiwan Taiwan
新加坡 xinjiapo Singapore
日本 rìben Japan
韩国 hánguó South Korea
澳大利亚 àodàlìyà Australia
新西兰 xinxilán New Zealand
美国 meiguó USA
加拿大 jianádà Canada
英国 yingguó UK
法国 faguó France
德国 déguó German
西班牙 xibanyá Spain
亚洲 yàzhou Asia
欧洲 ouzhou Europe
非洲 feizhou Africa
• 乡村(countryside)
乡村/农村 xiangcun / nóngcun village (area)
村子 cunzi (a) village
• 地图:北、南 (maps: north, south)
地图 dìtú map
北方/北部 beifang / beibu north part of
the country
南方/南部 nánfang / nánbu south part
of the country
43
东部 dongbù east part of the country
西部 xibù west part of the country
海洋 haiyáng ocean
陆地 lùdì land
平原 píngyuán plain
沙漠 shamò desert
草原 caoyuán grasslands
江/河 jiang /he river
湖 hú lake
• 山脉 (mountains)
山 shan mountains
火山 huoshan volcano
高原 gaoyuán plateau
• 国籍 (nationalities) See ‘nationality’ in ‘personal Details’
• 海边(Seaside)
海边 haibian seaside
沙滩 shatan beach
玩沙 wánsha to play sand
玩水 wánshui to play water
日光浴 rìguangyù sunbathing
城镇及其设施 (town and services)
• 设施:银行、邮政、回收利用(facilities: banking, postal, recycling)
银行 yínháng bank
存钱 cúnqián to deposit
取钱 quqián to withdraw
(提)取款机 (ti) qukuanji ATM
兑换外币 duìhuàn wàibì to exchange
foreign currency
换钱 huànqián to change money
手续费 shouxù fèi service charge
旅行支票 luxíng zhipiào travel check
邮局 yóujú post office
寄信 jìxìn to send a letter
邮票 yóupiào stamp
信封 xìnfeng envelop
航空 hángkong by air
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明信片 míngxìnpiàn post card
寄件人 jijiàn rén sender
收件人 shoujiàn rén addressee
邮编 yóubian post code
住址 zhuzhi address
包裹 baoguo package
挂号 guàhào registered
教堂 jiàotáng church
庙 miào temple
回收 huíshou to recycle
警察局/公安局 jingchájú / gonganju
police station
钱包 qiánbao wallet/purse
丢失 diushi to lose
报警 bàojing to report to police
通知 tongzhi to inform
大小 dàxiao size
小偷/扒手 xiaotou / páshou thief
找 zhao to look for
找到 zhaodào to find
大使馆 dàshiguan embassy
• 商场/购物中心(malls) See ‘food and drinks’
• 市场(markets) See ‘food and drinks’
• 公共交通工具(public transport) See ‘transport’ in ‘holidays’
• 购物:食物、用品(purchases: food, goods) See ‘food and drinks’ in ‘shopping’
• 休闲设施:游泳池、图书馆(recreational facilities: swimming pool, library)
游泳池 yóuyongchí swimming pool
图书馆 túshuguan library
博物馆 bówùguan museum
美术馆 meishùguan art gallery
体育馆 tiyùguan gym hall
运动场 yùndòngcháng sports filed
公园 gongyuán park
• 商店 (shops)See ‘shopping’
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天气 (weather)
• 气候 (climate) See ‘weather and seasons’
• 活动与庆典:感恩节、丰收(events and celebrations: thanksgiving, harvest)
感恩节 ganenjie Thanksgiving
春节 Chunjie Spring festival; Chinese New Year
• 气候对习俗、传统、日常生活的影响(impact of weather on customs, traditions,
daily life)
• 天灾:水灾,旱灾(natural catastrophes: flooding, drought)
水灾 shuizai flooding 旱灾 hànzai drought
• 季节(seasons) See ‘Weather and Seasons’
• 气候状况与天气预报 (weather conditions and forecasts) See ‘Weather and
Seasons’
