Ics1 sem1 block 2 Plate tectonics

Name_________________________per___

ICS 1 Block 2 Plate Tectonics

Ocean Floor Characteristics, Types / Properties of Plate Boundaries, Physical / Chemical Conditions of Rocks

1. Cover sheet / Agree or Disagree

2. WCW- your paper

3. Standards/crossword

4. Vocabulary-handwritten

5. Notes: Ocean floor/Continental drift

6. Continental Drift Handout

Questions 1-24

7. Notes: Plate tectonics

8. Plate tectonics handout

9. Notes: Rock Characteristics

10. Rock cycle Handout

11. Mapping / Writing Handout

12. Vocab review and Key-facts handout

Content Objective

To understand the different types of plate boundaries, characteristics of the objects located at each, and the conditions that form rocks close and far from them.

Language Objective

Describe the three types of plate boundaries and give examples of what types of land features and rock forms at each.

Explain why the sea floor is spreading apart; discuss the reason for the zebra pattern of polarity on the ocean floor.

Discuss the conditions that are required to form the three types of rocks, explain the chemical composition and physical formation of each.

To be accepted for grading it must be organized and signed

Student: Print_______________________________Sign________________________________________Date_______

Parent/Guardian: Print_________________________________Sign______________________________________Date_______

Put an A or D for agree or disagree

1. ______All minerals are solids, but not all solids are minerals.

2. ______The word crystalline means that atoms are arranged in a repeating pattern.

3. ______The two most abundant elements in Earths crust are silicon and carbon.

4. ______Like vitamins, minerals are organic substances, which means they contain carbon.

5. ______Color is always the best physical property to use when attempting to identify minerals.

6. ______A minerals hardness is a measure of how easily it can be scratched.

7. ______Most gems or gemstones are special varieties of particular minerals.

8. ______Synthetic, or human-made, diamonds are minerals.

9. ______A mineral or rock is called an ore only if it contains a substance that can be mined for a profit.

10. ______The three major types of rock are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.

11. ______During the rock cycle, any given rock can change into any of the three major rock types.

12. ______When magma reaches Earths surface and flows from volcanoes, it is called lava.

13. ______The pressure exerted by rocks produces all the heat used to form magma.

14. ______All igneous rock is formed from lava that cooled on Earths surface.

15. ______Before any rock is transformed into a metamorphic rock, some of the minerals must be melted.

16. ______Metamorphic rock can form only under intense heat and pressure.

17. ______Sandstone, limestone, chalk, rock salt, and coal are all examples of sedimentary rocks.

18. ______Sedimentary rocks can be made of just about any material found in nature.

19. ______Fossils of tropical plants are never found in Antarctica.

20. ______Because of all the evidence that Alfred Wegener collected, scientists initially accepted his hypothesis of continental drift.

21. ______Wegeners continental drift hypothesis explains how, when, and why the continents drifted apart.

22. ______Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions often occur underwater along mid-ocean ridges.

23. ______Seafloor spreading provided part of the explanation of how continents could move.

24. ______Earths broken crust rides on several large plates that move on a plastic-like layer of Earths mantle.

25. ______The San Andreas Fault is part of a plate boundary.

26. ______When two continental plates move toward each other, one continent sinks beneath the other.

27. ______Scientists have proposed several explanations of how heat moves in Earths interior.

On your own paper

WCW- Warm-up, Critical Thinking, and Wrap-up: copy and answer all

For- 8/27/12 odd or 8/28/12 even

Warm-up

Sunlight cant reach the Ocean Floor.

The ocean floor looks like.

Life that exists there is

Critical Thinking

Sonar helped in the mapping of the Earths

Ocean Floor by

Ocean floor look like

Wrap-up

Discuss the process of creating and recycling the ocean floor. Where does it occur? How does it occur?

Explain how sonar helped in the mapping of the Earths Ocean Floor.

What does the Ocean floor look like? Why is it like that?

8/29 odd 8/30 even

Warm-up

The seven continents are

The 4 major oceans are

The reason for different Land forms is

Critical Thinking

Some coastal Mountain ranges are farther from the convergent boundaries that construct them because

Time of collision, part of plate colliding influences the range

Wrap-up

Most Earthquakes and Volcanic eruptions occur along or near ____Why?

9/4 odd 9/5 even

Warm-up

Crystals are different colors because

Critical Thinking

The texture of a rock can be influenced by the temperature and pressure because

Wrap-up

Explain how a metamorphic rock can be found near a Subduction zone.

California State Standards with Framework

ES 3. Plate tectonics operating over geologic time have changed the patterns of land, sea, and mountains on Earths surface. As the basis for understanding this concept:

ES 3. a. Students know features of the ocean floor (magnetic patterns, age, and sea-floor topography) provide evidence of plate tectonics.

Much of the evidence for continental drift came from the seafloor rather than from the continents themselves. The longest topographic feature in the world is the mid-oceanic ridge system, a chain of volcanoes and rift valleys about 40,000 miles long that rings the planet like the seams of a giant baseball. A portion of this system is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which runs parallel to the coasts of Europe and Africa and of North and South America and is located halfway between them. The ridge system is made from the youngest rock on the ocean floor, and the floor gets progressively older, symmetrically, on both sides of the ridge. No portion of the ocean floor is more than about 200 million years old. Sediment is thin on and near the ridge. Sediment found away from the ridge thickens and contains progressively older fossils, a phenomenon that also occurs symmetrically.

Mapping the magnetic field anywhere across the ridge system produces a striking pattern of high and low fields in almost perfect symmetrical stripes. A brilliant piece of scientific detective work inferred that these zebra stripes arose because lava had erupted and cooled, locking into the rocks a residual magnetic field whose direction matched that of Earths field when cooling took place. The magnetic field near the rocks is the sum of the residual field and Earths present-day field. Near the lavas that cooled during times of normal polarity, the residual field points along Earths field; therefore, the total field is high. Near the lavas that cooled during times of reversed polarity, the residual field points counter to Earths field; therefore, the total field is low.

The stripes provide strong support for the idea of seafloor spreading because the lava in these stripes can be dated independently and because regions of reversed polarity correspond with times of known geomagnetic field reversals. This theory states that new seafloor is created by volcanic eruptions at the mid-oceanic ridge and that this erupted material continuously spreads out convectively and opens and creates the ocean basin. At some continental margins deep ocean trenches mark the places where the oldest ocean floor sinks back into the mantle to complete the convective cycle. Continental drift and seafloor spreading form the modern theory of plate tectonics.

ES 3. b. Students know the principal structures that form at the three different kinds of plate boundaries.

There are three different types of plate boundaries, classified according to their relative motions: divergent boundaries; convergent boundaries; and transform, or parallel slip, boundaries. Divergent boundaries occur where plates are spreading apart. Young divergence is characterized by thin or thinning crust and rift valleys; if divergence goes on long enough, mid-ocean ridges eventually develop, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the East Pacific Rise. Convergent boundaries occur where plates are moving toward each other. At a convergent boundary, material that is dense enough, such as oceanic crust, may sink back into the mantle and produce a deep ocean trench. This process is known as subduction. The sinking material may partially melt, producing volcanic island arcs, such as the Aleutian Islands and Japan. If the subduction of denser oceanic crust occurs underneath a continent, a volcanic mountain chain, such as the Andes or the Cascades, is formed. When two plates collide and both are too light to subduct, as when one continent crashes into another, the crust is crumpled and uplifted to produce great mountain chains, such as the relatively young Himalayas or the more ancient Appalachians.

The third type of plate boundary, called a transform, or parallel slip, boundary, comes into existence where two plates move laterally by each other, parallel to the boundary. The San Andreas Fault in California i