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8/3/2019 e16 Composite Materials
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Needs to produce new materials forspecific purposes
Meaning of composite materials
Examples of composite materials and
their components
Compare and contrast the propertiesof composite materials with those of
their original components
LearningOutcomes
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NEEDS TOPRODUCE NEWMATERIALSFOR SPECIFIC
PURPOSES
Concrete is used
because of itsstrength
Optic fibers replacingcopper wire
Superconductor couldconduct electric Glass fibres are used to
reinforce plastic in rackets
Glass capable thermallytempered or chemicallystrengthened to comply
Activity
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Pop Quiz 1
1) What are the needs to produce newmaterials for specific purposes?
Answer?
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The needs to produce new materialsfor specific purposes are:
Reinforced concrete
Fibre glass
Fibre optic
Photochromic glass
Superconductor
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A) Activity 1
Activity in laboratory.
Objective : To make simple composite materials
B) Activity 2
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Apparatus
- 10 sheets of newspaper- Blender
- Glue
Procedure
Soak about 10 sheets of newspaper overnight
Blend the newspaper
Add glue to the pulp
Make it into a sheet and leave it to dry
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Procedure:
1) Pour about 20 cm3 of any type of glue into a small beakerand add 20 cm3 of water.
2) Add one drop of food colouring into the mixture and stirwith a glass rod
3) Add borax slowly and keep stirring until a dough is
formed
4) Discard the excess water and shape it into a ball
5) Repeat steps 1 to 4 with other types of glue
6) Compare the properties of the balls with that of their
original components.
Throw all the balls to the ground. Can all the balls bounce?
Can all the balls bounce to the same height?
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Discussion
Comparison between the properties of the balls with theiroriginal components
Properties of original
componentProperties of the
composite material
(balls)1) The original component
not elastic but become
adhere
2) Cannot bound
3) Original component
cannot shaped but it
follow the shape of
container
1) Balls become elastic
2) Balls can bound when
we throw it in different
distance
3) Balls can be shaped
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Conclusion
composite materials have different properties withtheir original component such stronger and high
tensile.
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Concrete are very good composites and are essentialfor the construction of large structure likes high-risebuildings. It also suitable to build buildings that aresubject to earthquakes
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.
Some superconductors are made from composite
materials. These specific superconductor are widely
used today.
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Fibre optics are used to replace copper wire in longdistance as an appropriate means ofcommunicationsignal transmission
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Fibre glass has high tensile strength, can be easilycoloured and low in density. It can be made into thinlayers, yet very strong and also easily moulded andshaped
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Photochromic glass helps to protect our eyes fromharmful ultraviolet rays and glare from the sun. Italso reduce refraction of light
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DEFINITION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
A compositematerial is astructural
materials that isformed bycombining two or
more differentsubstances suchas metal, alloys,
glass, ceramicsand polymers
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Pop Quiz 2
2) What is the definition of compositematerials?
Answer?
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Definition of composite materials is:A composite material is a structural
materials that is formed by combining twoor more different substances such asmetal, alloys, glass, ceramics andpolymers
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REINFORCED CONCRETE
Concrete reinforcedwith steel wires, steelbars or any polymers
fibres.
The resulting
combination is a verytough material withmore tensilestrength.
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SUPERCONDUCTOR
Superconductors are
capable ofconductingelectricitywithout any
electrical resistancewhen they are cooledextremely lowtemperature
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FIBRE OPTIC
Consists of a bundle ofglass or plasticthreads that aresurrounded by a glasscladding.
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FIBRE GLASS
Fibre glass is
produced when glassfibres are embeddedin plastic resins toproduce glass fibrereinforced plastics
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PHOTOCHROMIC GLASS
Produced by
embedding photochromic substanceslike fine silver chlorideor silver halidecrystals in glass ortransparent polymers.
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EXAMPLE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS ANDTHEIR COMPONENT
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
SUPERCONDUCTOR
FIBRE OPTIC
PHOTOCHROMICGLASS
FIBRE GLASS
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Pop Quiz 3
3) Give one example of compositematerial and their component?
Answer?
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Reinforced Concrete Mixture of cement, sand,stone, water and ironrode
Composite material Component
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Reinforced Concrete Mixture of cement, sand,stone, water and ironrode
COMPOSITE MATERIALS COMPONENT
Fibre Glass Glass fiber added to plastic
Photochromic Glass Mixture of glass with silverchloride or silver halidecrystals
Specific Super Conductor
Mixture of ceramic with
cuprum oxide, itrium andbarium
Optic Fibre Glass, cuprum metal,aluminium and plastic
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COMPARE AND CONTRAST
COMPOSITE MATERIALS ORIGINALCOMPONENT
Reinforced concrete
Can be moulded into any
shapes
Very tough material
More tensile strength
Concrete
Strong but brittle
Weak and tension
Steel
Strong in tension
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Fibre Optic
High transmission capacity
Chemical stability
Less susceptible two
interference
Glass
Hard
Strong
Relatively high density
Relatively brittle
Or
Plastic
Elastic
Flexible with low density
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Fibre glass
Tensile strength
Easily coloured
Low in density
Glass
Hard
Strong
Relatively high density
Relatively brittle
Plastic
Elastic
Flexible with low density
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Photochromic Glass
Transperant to coloured
when exposed to ultraviolet
Revert to transparency
when light dimmed or
blocked
Glass
Hard
Strong
Relatively high density
Relatively brittle
Substances
converted to silver and the
glass darkens
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Superconductor
Cooled to extremely low
temperature
Alloy
Stronger
Harder
Resistance to corrosion
Have a better furnish and
lustre
Ceramic
Withstand high temperature Do not melt easily
Very hard
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Pop Quiz 4
4) Give one example of compositematerial and their originalcomponent properties.
Answer?
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COMPOSITE MATERIALS ORIGINAL COMPONENT
Reinforced concrete
Can be moulded into anyshapes
Very tough material
More tensile strength
Concrete
Strong but brittle Weak and tension
Steel
Strong in tension
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CHEMISTRY TEASER
KL tower is still standing,Go with family to enjoys,Used to build high rise buildings,
Reinforced concrete is the best choice.
Adam and Jenab from the different city,Go to the flower shop to buy carnations,
Superconductors are capable of conducting electricity,Founded in the bullet trains for people connectivity
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Saerah and Jenal late go to class,
Causing by missed the commuter,
Fibre optic consists a bundle of glass,
Which use to link the computer.
Siti Nurhaliza clothes are branded,
Datuk K give her an expensive coat,
Fibre glass is easily shaped and moulded,
One of the components in boat.
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COMMATE PUZZLE.
Instruction:
1) Combine the pieces of picture puzzle according
to the reference pictures that had been given
2) Then, paste it onto polystyrene board provided
3) Finally, you must complete the sentences
about your picture
4) You are given five minutes to complete your
picture puzzle.