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For Internal circulation of BSNL only
E2-E3
E & WS
VSAT
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
WELCOME
• This is a presentation for the E2-E3 E&WS
Module for the Topic: VSAT
• Eligibility: Those who have got the Upgradation
to from E2 to E3.
• This presentation is last updated on 15-3-2011.
• You can also visit the Digital library of BSNL to
see this topic.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
AGENDA
VSAT Introduction
Benefits/Advantages of VSAT Network
Components of VSAT
VSAT Network and Network Topology
KU band Broadband V-SAT Network
VSAT Services
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT INTRODUCTION
VERY SMALL APERTURE TERMINAL:
ANTENNA DIA - Typically about 2 to 5 feet
(0.55-1.8 meters) for KU
Band
VSAT’s POPULARITY DUE TO:
- SMALL ANTENNA
- NO LAST MILE PROBLEM
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT INTRODUCTION
1. VSAT is a complete earth station that is installed at user
premises and provides business communication services.
2. VSAT systems can be designed to serve both
broadcast and interactive applications whether
data, voice or video.
3. Can be operated in either single or multi user
environment.
4. In single-user mode it interfaces directly to the
customer’s PC.
5. In multi-user mode, seamlessly integrates into a
Local Area Network with its built in Ethernet
Interface RJ-45
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
V-SAT technology is a secure and reliable medium
to connect geographically dispersed locations and
represents a cost effective solution for users
seeking an independent communication network.
Broadband V-SAT of BSNL, operating in Ku band
of electromagnetic spectrum i.e. 11 to 18 GHz, offer
value added satellite based services capable of
supporting – Broadband internet access ,VOIP,
video conferencing, IP multicast, Local Area
Network, voice, Fax and can also provide powerful
dependable private communication solutions.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT INTRODUCTION
V-SAT offers broadband services which
provides high performance two-way
connectivity for Broadband access.
Offers value added satellite based services
with the added advantage to serve remote
and inaccessible areas.
A cost-effective networking solution for
Corporate bodies, Training Centers,
Hospitals, Stock exchanges, Banks,
Technical institutions, Government, military
etc.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Advantages of VSAT Network
Ease and rapidity of installation.
Relative independence of VSAT earth station from
terrestrial links.
The reliability and the quality are generally
superior to
the terrestrial alternatives.
The overall end to end availability to the users is in
excess of 99 percent.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Advantages of VSAT Network
V-SAT can be used to give immediate service to
locations that cannot afford to wait for such long lead
times.
The V-SAT can be deployed for communication
very quickly for emergencies such as natural
calamities etc.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT Components
VSAT consist of a small dish antenna ( 0.75 to 1.8
m), antenna feed, RF outdoor unit ( ODU ) and an
indoor unit (IDU).
Antenna dia < 3 M in C-Band and < 1.6 M in
Ku Band.
Most antennas are symmetrical, front fed with
paraboloidal reflector and offset feeds.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT Components
OUTDOOR UNIT (ODU)
TRANSMIT/RECEIVE DISH ANTENNA & FEED
BLOCK UP CONVERTER (BUC)(1W-2W):- It
converts incoming I.F. (from IDU) to RF transmitting
frequency, amplifies it and passes it to feed.
LOW NOISE BLOCK DOWN CONVERTER
(LNB):-It amplifies incoming R.F. (Radio Frequency)
from feed using low noise amplifier, converts
it to I.F. and passes it to IDU.
-
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
INDOOR UNIT (IDU)
The indoor unit may be a small desktop box, or it
may be a network module integrated with a router
providing V-SAT network connectivity
Provide flexible Interfaces like Ethernet 10/100
Base T (RJ45), USB with maximum download
speed of up to 4 Mbps and maximum upload speed
of up to 2 Mbps.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
INDOOR UNIT (IDU)
On receiving side, IDU converts I.F.
(Intermediate Frequency) from ODU to base
band signals which may be data, video or
voice.
On transmitting side, IDU converts base
band signals to I.F. and passes them to ODU.
I.F. is generally in L band. R.F. can be in C,
Ku or Ka bands.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT IDU / ODU EQUIPMENT
ODU IDU
IDU (IPX-5100)
flexible, Low-cost, and high performance Two way satellite User Terminal
•10/100 Fast Ethernet LAN port
DishPower
LAN Link
Ethernet
Sync
Feed horn
LNB
BUC
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Choice of Frequency Band
The case for C- and X band is ,when suitable Ku
bandwidth is not available or rain environment is
unsuitable in region of interest.
For these reasons, C-band, while demanding
dish sizes effectively twice that of Ku band, is
practical solution for VSAT’s in Pacific Islands,
Equatorial South America, Southeast Asia,
Central Africa and India.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
FREQUENCY BANDS FOR VSAT
C-BAND (6/4 GHz)
- WORLDWIDE AVAILABILITY
- CHEAPER TECHNOLOGY
- ROBUSTNESS TO RAINFALL
- REMOTE STATIONS LARGER; 1 TO 3 m.
-INTERFERENCE TO ADJACENT SATELLITES &
TERRESTRIAL MICROWAVE
EXT.C-BAND ( 6.975/6.735 GHz) –
RELATIVELY LESS USAGE; USED IN INDIA
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Ku-BAND (14/10-12 GHz)
MAKES BETTER USE OF SATELLITE
CAPACITY
REMOTE STATIONS ARE SMALLER;
0.6 TO 1.8 m.
- RAIN AFFECTS LINK PERFORMANCE
FREQUENCY BANDS FOR VSAT
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT NETWORKS
Support mainly digital networks Entire network
can be controlled from a single hub through
appropriate commands.
The network can be defined operated from the
hub. The hub also takes care of billing etc.
BROADCAST CHARACTERISTICS :-The V-
SAT application started with receive only terminals
for receiving TV broadcast signals in C band.
Small dishes measuring 1.5M to 3M are being
widely used for receive only applications for TV
broadcast for DTH services.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
ELEMENTS OF VSAT NETWORKS
- SATELLITE - GEOSTATIONARY,
- 35786 KM. ABOVE EARTH
- REMOTE STATIONS CALLED VSATs
- CENTRAL & LARGER STATION CALLED HUB
- NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
ELEMENTS OF VSAT NETWORKS (CONTD.)
- NETWORK PROTOCOLS
-MULTIPLE ACCESS & CHANNEL ACCESS
TECHNIQUE
-- USER TERMINALS (DTEs), INTERFACES, &
PROTOCOLS
- BASEBAND PROCESSING
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT NETWORK SUBSYSTEMS
VSATVSAT
NMC
USER
TERMINALS
USER
TERMINALSPHONE
DTEs DTEs
PHONE
HUB
IDUIDU
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Network Topology
V-SAT networks can be arranged in point to
point, star, mesh, star/mesh and broadcast
configurations.
Point to Point Network:-two-way
communications between two V-SAT sites
Star Network :- any number of V-SAT sites to
have two-way communication with a central
hub.
Mesh Network :-two-way communications
between any V-SAT sites in a network. A
central hub is not necessary.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Satellite repeater
Uplink Downlink
Outbound
Broadcast
Carrier
Hub Station
Inbound Multiple
Access Carriers from VSAT’s.
Figure : A Typical arrangement of outbound and inbound transmissions in a Star
VSAT network.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
STAR NETWORK
• TYPES - ONE WAY – FOR BROADCAST
APPLICATIONS
• TWO WAY – FOR INTERACTIVE APPLICATIONS
• COMMUNICATION VIA HUB
MESH NETWORK
• COMMUNICATION WITHOUT GOING TO HUB
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Star Configuration :
Communication between two user terminals is in two
hops, through a Hub.
All information transfer is between remote node and
hub; direct single hop remote to remote data transfer is not
possible with this topology.
It is a Point to Multipoint architecture and most
widely used.
VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
Star Configuration :
OTBOUND Signal – from hub to remote nodes.
- Also known as “forward” or “Downstream” signal.
- It is received by all remote nodes within satellite
footprint.
- It typically contains address information that allows
desired remote to select the information destined for
them.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Star Configuration
INBOUND Signal – from remote nodes to hub.
- Also known as “forward” or “Downstream” signal.
- Inbound transmissions from VSAT’s employ one of
number of multiple access techniquesALOHA,TDMA,FDMA or CDMA.
VSAT networks with hub have the benefit of
centralized management and control provided with the
help of NOC (Network operation and control centre )
located at hub station.
VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Mesh Configuration :
Mesh configuration is point to point architecture and
allows any station to have a single hop connection with any
other station; using TDMA access.
There is no hub station with a large antenna to offset small
dish size and low transmit power of VSAT.
Each terminal has capability to reach any other at full data
rate, which is in range of 256 kbps to 10 Mbps.
This capability is sufficient to support full channel of
commercial quality MPEG 2 video along with audio and
other data.
VSAT NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
KU band Broadband V-SAT Network
V-SAT Broadband (Ku band V-SAT) networksof BSNL designed in a hub and
spoke fashion
customer locations directly connected overthe air to a central “hub” facility.
The equipment at a customer site
V-SAT receiver/router
Small dish mounted on top of or outside thebuilding
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
KU band Broadband V-SAT Network
Equipment at the central hub facility
a large Satellite antenna of 8.1m Cassegrainfeed type.
Sophisticated hub RF components receiveand transmit to the remote sites, and routeinformation to and from the internet or privatenetworks.
GATEWAY Networking Equipment withinterfaces to Terrestrial Networks
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
KU band Broadband V-SAT Network
Internet router is connected to BSNL NationalInternet Backbone using multiple 2 Mbpsleased line
All Remote V-SAT locations are havingprivate IP so that remote V-SAT users canconnect to Internet.
BSNL’s Ku Band HUB (Earth Station) atBANGALORE
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
IP BASED VSAT BROADBAND SERVICE
Broadband Services on a single platform
Excellent networking solution for Corporatebodies, Banks, Hospitals, Stock exchanges,Educational institutions, Government, militaryetc.
Quick network deployment includinginaccessible/remote areas
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Quality Bandwidth Any Time Any Where
VSAT HUBEQUIPMENT
VoIP
MLLN
Ku Band
BSNL
Gateway
Bangalore VSAT
(Private
IP)
INSAT
INTERNET
MPLS
IDU
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
Services Offered
Leased Lines through VSAT on IP platform:Starting from 4Kbps and upto 2Mbps
High speed Broadband Internet
VoIP Telephony
Facsimile
Supports Telemedicine applications
Supports E-learning applications
IP multicasting, Video Conf., Video Streaming
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
V-SAT Market
The Indian V-SAT market was valued at Rs650crore in 2008-2009.
Around 25,000 V-SATs are sold every year,with the installed base growing at a CAGR of25 percent.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only
The key driver of V-SAT market’s growth in India
need to spread connectivity to remote areas
the demand coming from the BFSI verticals
Telemedicine, interactive distance education,digital signage/cinema, stock-brokering SWANprojects, growth in the retail industry etc. willdrive the growth in the market for the next 2-3years.
Telecom/cellular networks are another majorgrowth area, since the only way operators canaffordably provide connectivity in some parts ofIndia is through V-SAT.
For Internal circulation of BSNL only