Early 20th Century styles based on SHAPE and FORM:

Cubism

Futurism

Art Deco

to show the ‘concept’ of an object rather than creating a detail of the real thing

to show different views of an object at once, emphasizing time, space & the Machine age

to simplify objects to their most basic, primitive terms

Pablo Picasso1888-1973

Considered most influential artist of 20th Century

Blue Period

Rose Period

Analytical Cubism

Synthetic Cubism

Girl Wearing Large HatEarly Work, 1901.

Lola, the artist’s sisterEarly Work, 1901.

Blue Period(1901-1904)

Moves to Paris in his late teens

Coping with suicide of friend

Paintings were lonely, depressing

Major color was BLUE!

Pablo Picasso,Blue Nude, 1902.

BLUE PERIOD

Pablo Picasso,Self Portrait, 1901.

BLUE PERIOD

Pablo Picasso,Tragedy, 1903.

BLUE PERIOD

Pablo Picasso,Le Gourmet, 1901.

BLUE PERIOD

Rose Period(1904-1906)

Much happier art than before

Circus people as subjects

Reds and warmer colors

Pablo Picasso,Harlequin Family, 1905.

ROSE PERIOD

Pablo Picasso, La Familia de Saltimbanques, 1905.

Pablo Picasso,Girl With a Goat, 1906.

ROSE PERIOD

Much more abstract than before…

Pablo Picasso, Composition with Skull, 1908.

Georges Braque, Musical Instruments, 1908.

Georges Braque, Fruitdish, 1908-09.

Pablo Picasso, Three Musicians, 1921.

Pablo Picasso,Les Demoiselles D’Avignon, 1907.

“I paint forms as I think them, not as I see them”

Major Influences…

Paul Cezanne(Post-Impressionist)

Femme de Vert1909

Major Influences…

African Zimba Mask

Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907.

Major Influences…

African Zimba Mask

Pablo Picasso,Portrait of Vollard, 1910.ANALYTICAL CUBISM

Analytical Cubism

Little contrast in color

Complex and systematic design

Faceted shapes, translucent divisions of space

Differing views of the same subject in the same work

Invented by Picasso and George Braque- at the same time, but not really in collaboration

Retains some sort of depth

Pablo Picasso,Aficionado, 1912.

ANALYTICAL CUBISM

Pablo Picasso,Glass and Bottleof Suze, 1912.

SYNTHETIC CUBISM

George Braque, Gillet, 1914.

Synthetic Cubism

Invented by Braque and Picasso

Puts forms back together after breaking them apart

“Collage” comes from French word for “glue”

Foreign materials are pasted onto the design- makes the collage look like a real surface

Scraps are changed and painted on, giving them a double meaning

New Space Concept - first since Masaccio

FuturismFirst announced on Feb. 20, 1909 Newspaper Le Figaro published a manifesto by the Italian poet and editor Tommaso Marinetti:

We will fight with all our might the fanatical, senseless and snobbish religion of the past, a religion encouraged by the vicious existence of museums. We rebel against that spineless worshiping of old canvases, old statues and old bric-a-brac, against everything which is filthy and worm-ridden and corroded by time. We consider the habitual contempt for everything which is young, new and burning with life to be unjust and even criminal.

To purposely intended to inspire public anger and amazement, to arouse controversy, and to attract widespread attention. Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of

Continuity in Space, 1913.

Dynamism of a Soccer Player [Dinamismo di un footballer]. (1913)

Oil on canvas, 6' 4 1/8" x 6' 7 1/8" (193.2 x 201 cm)The Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Sidney and Harriet Janis Collection

Umberto Boccioni (Italian, 1882–1916.)

Boccioni, Dynamism of a Cyclist, 1913. FUTURISM

Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910. FUTURISM

Giacomo Balla

peedSpeed of a Motorcycle

Giacomo Balla

Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash

Mercurio Passa Davanti il Sole

Giacomo Balla

Mercury Passing in Front of the Sun

Giacomo Balla, Abstract Speed + Sound, 1913-1914. FUTURISM

Patriotic Celebration

Carlo Carrà Interventionist Demonstration, 1914 Tempera and collage on cardboard, 38.5 x 30 cm about 15x12 inches

Carra is clearly following the cubist painterly style in this collage poem the composition moves outward from center in concentric circles and with a number of rays or lines of force moving out from this center giving an impression of an explosion of a loud noise or sound. The words as well emanate from this same center for the most part helping to emphasize the feeling of expansion from a center. The several dark, blackish zones in the

center also give an effective sense of spacial depth -  a deep void -  from which the 'sound' is coming and the space gradually flattening out toward the edges. This sort of visual 'poem' would later develop into what became known as concrete poetry. There are a lot of fascinating sound representations in this poem such as TRRRRRRR and TRrrrrrrrrrr, SSOOOOOOO, BBBRRRRRR, etc. The composition was inspired by Carrà's sighting of leaflets dropped from an airplane as they fluttered down over the Piazza del Duomo

Carlo Carrà:

  "Armtrain"

The Dance of the Pan-Pan at the "Monico" 1909-1911 Oil on canvas 2800 x 4000 mm

Gino Severini

Dominated the Futurists' 1912 exhibition and consistently attracted comment. Its size matched the aspiration to put 'the spectator in the centre of the picture'. Through shifting planes and fractured colour Severini moved towards an abstract language of form. In 1913 he would claim that abstraction was 'a sign of that intensity… with which life is lived today'.

Natalia Goncharova, The Cyclist. 1913. FUTURISM

Art DecoArt Deco was a popular design movement from 1920 until 1939, affecting the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, and industrial design.

This movement was a combination of many different styles and movements of the early 20th century, including Constructionism, Cubism, Modernism, Bauhaus, Art Nouveau, and Futurism.

Its popularity apexed during the 1920s. Although many design movements have political or philosophical roots or intentions, Art Deco was purely decorative. At the time, this style was seen as elegant, functional, and ultra modern.

William Van Alen, The Chrysler Building, 1930.