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Early Colonial History. A Review. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Early Colonial History
A Review
MAP 3.4 The Proprietary Colonies After the restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660, King Charles II of England created the new proprietary colonies of Carolina, New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. New Hampshire was set off as a royal colony in 1680, and in 1704, the lower counties of Pennsylvania became the colony of Delaware.
Southern Colonies
MarylandVirginia
North CarolinaSouth Carolina
Georgia
Chesapeake Colonies
•Maryland
•Virginia
•Still part of the Southern Colonies
s.coloniesSouthern Colonies
1. Indentured servants
2. slavery to work the large plantations
3. rice, tobacco and cotton
4. fertile soil
5. cities: Charleston, Savannah & Baltimore
MarylandVirginia
North CarolinaSouth Carolina
Georgia
Virginia---1607•Jamestown
Joint Stock CompanyVirginia Company
Captain John SmithJohn Rolfe
Attract new settlers for Dutch and Swedish
colonists
Representative Govt•House of Burgesses
Royal Colony
Maryland--1634 Lord BaltimoreReligious toleration—those who believed in Christ---allowed persecuted Catholics to settle in Maryland
Representative govt
Proprietary Colony
North/South CarolinaIn 1663
John Locke
8 English nobles
Setup a new colony based upon social
classes…Failed and divided into 2 parts
Representative govt
Royal Colony
Georgia—1732 James OglethorpeProvide a place for
debtors could start a new life---Acted as a
buffer against Spanish Florida
Royal Colony
Colony/Date Person Responsible Why Founded Governed/Owner
TheTheLondonLondon
Company,Company,16061606
TheTheLondonLondon
Company,Company,16061606
This illustration is a detail of John Smith’s map of Virginia. It includes the names of many Indian villages, suggesting how densely settled was the Indian population of the coast of Chesapeake Bay. For the inset of Powhatan and his court in the upper left, the engraver borrowed images from John White’s drawings of the Indians of the Roanoke area. SOURCE:(a)Princeton University Library (b)Library of Congress.
Chief PowhatanChief PowhatanChief PowhatanChief Powhatan
Powhatan ConfederacyPowhatan ConfederacyPowhatan ConfederacyPowhatan Confederacy
Captain John SmithCaptain John SmithCaptain John SmithCaptain John Smith
PocahontasPocahontasPocahontasPocahontas
John RolfeJohn RolfeJohn RolfeJohn Rolfe
Indentured Indentured
ServitudeServitude
Indentured Indentured
ServitudeServitude
English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660
Headright SystemHeadright System
Slavery
Early Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial Tobacco
16181618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco.
16221622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco.
16271627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco.
16291629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.
VirginiaVirginiaHouse of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses
VirginiaVirginiaHouse of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses
1622 Indian1622 IndianUprisingsUprisings
1622 Indian1622 IndianUprisingsUprisings
Governor Berkeley’sGovernor Berkeley’s“Fault Line”“Fault Line”
Governor Berkeley’sGovernor Berkeley’s“Fault Line”“Fault Line”
Nathaniel Bacon’s Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676Rebellion: 1676
Nathaniel Bacon’s Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676Rebellion: 1676
Nathaniel Nathaniel BaconBacon GovernorGovernor
William William BerkeleyBerkeley
MarylandMarylandLord Baltimore & Calvert Lord Baltimore & Calvert
FamilyFamily
MarylandMarylandLord Baltimore & Calvert Lord Baltimore & Calvert
FamilyFamily
• Proprietary colony• Started as safe haven for
CATHOLICS• 1649 Act of Religious
Toleration• Following Protestant
Revolution 1689 toleration was revoked and Catholics persecuted until American Revolution
Pilgrims?Pilgrims?
vs. vs.
Puritans?Puritans?
The MayflowerThe Mayflower
The Mayflower Compact
November 11, 1620
The Mayflower Compact
November 11, 1620
William BradfordWilliam Bradford
The Mason Children, by an unknown Boston artist, ca. 1670. These Puritan children—David, Joanna, and Abigail Mason—are dressed in finery, an indication of the wealth and prominence of their family. The cane in young David’s hand indicates his position as the male heir, while the rose held by Abigail is a symbol of childhood innocence. SOURCE:Attributed to the Freake-Gibbs
Painter,American,active Boston,MA.,ca.1670.The Mason Children:David,Joanna,and Abigail , 1670.Oil on canvas,39 •421 in.The Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco,Gift of Mr.and Mrs.John D.Rockefeller 3rd,1979,7.3. 1 2
John WinthropJohn Winthrop
We shall be as a city on a hill..
We shall be as a city on a hill..
Puritan “Rebels”Puritan “Rebels”
Roger WilliamsRoger
WilliamsAnne HutchinsonAnne Hutchinson
The Pequot Wars: 1636-1637
The Pequot Wars: 1636-1637
A Pequot VillageDestroyed, 1637A Pequot VillageDestroyed, 1637
Indians and New Englanders skirmish during King Philip’s War in a detail from John Seller’s “A Mapp of New England,” published immediately after the war. SOURCE:John Seller Map of New England,1675.Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library at Brown University.
King Phillip’s War (1675-1676)
The Delawares presented William Penn with this wampum belt after the Shackamaxon Treaty of 1682. In friendship, a Quaker in distinctive hat clasps the hand of an Indian. The diagonal stripes on either side of the figures convey information about the territorial terms of the agreement. Wampum belts like this one, made from strings of white and purple shells, were used to commemorate treaties throughout the colonial period and were the most widely accepted form of money in the northeastern colonies during the seventeenth century. SOURCE:Photograph by Gavin Ashworth.The Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
Pennsylvania “The Holy Experiment