EARTHQUAKESMaría Torondel Lara, 1ºBcho B

PREDICTION AND FORECAST.

Prediction consists on learning and announcing that something is going to happen before it happens.

Forecast is providing percentages about intensity, frequency to discover the consequences it carries.

TECTONIC PLATES

• A tectonic plate (also called lithospheric plate) is a massive,irregularly shaped slab of solid rock, generally composed of both continental and oceanic lithosphere.

• The driving force behind plate tectonics is convection in the mantle. Hot material near the Earth's core rises,and colder mantle rock sinks. The convection drive platestectonics through a combination of pushing and spreading apart at mid-ocean ridges and pulling and sinking however scientists continue to study and debate the mechanisms that move the plates.

TECTONIC PLATES: BOUNDARIES CONVERGENT: at a convergent boundary plates crash into each

other.

TRANSFORM: are places where plates slide sideways past each other.

DIVERGENT: a tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other

EFFECT OF TECTONIC PLATES: EARTHQUAKES

An earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden breaking and movement of tectonic plates. The edges of the tectonic plates are marked by faults. Most earthquakes occur along the fault lines when the plates slide past each other (transform boundaries) or collide against each other (convergent boundaries).

The shifting masses send out shock waves that may be powerful enough to alter the surface of the Earth and cause great damage ... collapse of buildings and other man-made structures, etc.

PARTS OF AN EARTHQUAKE

Fault or fault plane: the surface where when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another.

Hypocenter: the location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts.

Epicenter: the location on the surface of the earth directly above the hypocenter.

CHILE EARTHQUAKE OF 2010Chile earthquake of 2010, severe earthquake that occurred on February 27, 2010, off the coast of south-central Chile, causing widespread damage on land and initiating a tsunami that devastated some coastal areas of the country. The magnitude-8.8 earthquake struck at 3:34 am. The epicentre was located some 200 miles (325 km) southwest of the Chilean capital of Santiago, and the focus occurred at a depth of about 22 miles (35 km) below the surface of the Pacific Ocean.

• Between Nazca Plate and South American Plate.

Together, the earthquake and tsunamiwere responsible for more than 500 deaths.

CHILE EARTHQUAKE OF 2010 CASUALTIES

Talcahuano

Pueco Concepción

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