Ease Final

7/21/2019 Ease Final

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ease-final 1/14

I.A.].I

Ihhimt`vi Ajòab

]ahity Ijhgrmioijt

TEBJJ



[aebi gh Mgjtijts

Ihhimt`vi Ajòab ]ahity Ijhgrmioijt ..................................................................................................... 5

Snat tni Ixpirts ]ay ............................................................................................................................. =

Snat Mnajcis Ari Ei`jc Oaki .............................................................................................................. ;

Bajkoarl Masis ...................................................................................................................................... 8

]aj Fgsi Mnartir gh Nibbs Ajcibs Ogtgrmymbi Mbue v M`ty gh ]aj Fgsi ................................................. 8

Faois S. ]ogal it ab., v Ir`m Nabb it ab. ............................................................................................. 8

Mabvg v Mgujty gh Tr`jmi Cigrci‐s Mgujty, it ab. ............................................................................... 3

Uussibb v Mn`macg Tgb`mi Kipartoijt, M`ty gh Mn`macg ....................................................................... 3

Ugcir Fijl`js, ]ajkra Fijl`js v Hrikir`ml Mgujty ]nir`hh‐s Kipartoijt, ]tati gh Oarybajk ........... 3

@j [ni B`ji Gh Kuty ................................................................................................................................. >

‒Ghh`mir Jiiks Ass`stajmi‟ ..................................................................................................................... 0

Baliwggk, Mgbgrakg ........................................................................................................................... 0

Oiopn`s, [ijjissii .......................................................................................................................... 0

Naywggk Mgujty, Jgrtn Margb`ja ....................................................................................................... 0

Ei`jc Trg-Amt`vi ................................................................................................................................... 14

Mgjmbus`gj ............................................................................................................................................ 11

TEBJJ w`snis tg ixpriss gur s`jmiri apprimàt`gj tg tni Jat`gjab Maj`ji Uisiarmn Mgujm`b< Yj`virs`ty gh @bb`jg`s

Mijtir hgr Tueb`m ]ahity ajk Fust`mi @jst`tuti gh Cgvirjoijt, Eist Hrìjks Ajòab ]gmìty, Mgoouj`ty Grìjtik

Tgb`m`jc ]irv`mis, ajk tni Kipartoijt gh Fust`mi.

TEBJJ ” Ihhimt`vi Ajòab ]ahity Ijhgrmioijt© 5415, TEBJJ Tueb`mat`gj

`jhgDpebjj.mgo

ABB U@CN[] UI]IUXIK. [n`s eggl mgjta`js oatiràb prgtimtik ujkir @jtirjat`gjab ajk Hikirab Mgpyr`cnt Baws ajk

[riatìs. Ajy ujautngr`zik ripr`jt gr usi gh tn`s oatiràb `s prgnè`tik. Jg part gh tn`s eggl oay ei riprgkumik gr

trajso`ttik `j ajy hgro gr ey ajy oiajs, ibimtrgj`m gr oimnaj`mab, `jmbuk`jc pngtgmgpy`jc, rimgrk`jc, gr ey ajy

`jhgroat`gj stgraci ajk ritrìvab systio w`tngut ixpriss wr`ttij piro`ss`gj hrgo tni autngr / pueb`snir.

1



Ihhimt`vi Ajòab ]ahity Ijhgrmioijt

S`tn ogri tnaj 3>.5 o`bb`gj kgcs ̀ j tni Yj`tik ]tatis ajk gvir =0% gh ngusingbks1 nav`jc at biast gji

kgc as a hao`by pit, tni b`lib`nggk gh a baw ijhgrmioijt ghh`mir nav`jc mgjtamt w`tn a kgc `s n`cn.

Pit, tra`j`jc hgr ghh`mirs hgr `jtiramt`gj w`tn kgcs `s ricubarby aesijt hrgo ajy ghh`màb tra`j`jc prgcrao

gur baw ijhgrmioijt ghh`mirs rimi`vi.

Sny `s baml gh tra`j`jc a prgebio7

• Iamn yiar, `t `s istòatik tnat tngusajks gh kgcs ari l`bbik ey pgb`mi `j tni Yj`tik ]tatis 5

• Gwjirs ari h`jk`jc ribìh tnrgucn m`v`b mgurts, ajk ari w`jj`jc barci awarks=

• @j a gji wiil pir`gk abgji `j 5415, tnrii ghh`mirs wiri wgujkik, (gji hatabby) ey hrìjkby h`ri

risubt`jc hrgo aj ghh`mir‐s k`smnarci gh a h`riaro wn`bi attiopt`jc tg mgjtrgb kgc ribatik

`jm`kijts ;

•

Eystajkirs navi eimgoi v`mtòs gh amm`kijtab snggt`jcs9

[n`s egglbit ̀ s aj ihhgrt tg cijirati mgoouj`mat`gj eitwiij ris`kijts ajk swgrj ajk ibimtik ghh`màbs

`j mgoouj`tìs tnat rimgcj`zi tni jiik hgr mnajci. Si‐bb k`smuss `j ogri kita`b tni rao`h`mat`gjs gh

„eus`jiss as usuab‐ as wibb as prgv`ki kgmuoijtat`gj ajk t`ps tnat maj ass`st ̀ j kivibgp`jc aj gutb`ji

hgr tra`j`jc tnat oay rikumi jicat`vi priss, mgstby m`v`b su`ts ajk ogst òpgrtajtby, ijsuri sahity hgr

mgoouj`tìs ajk ghh`mirs ab`li.

Snitnir `j a trahh`m stgp, wniri tni kgc was gjby abgjc hgr tni r`ki, `j a yark gr at tni kggrway tg a

kgc‐s ngoi, baw ijhgrmioijt ghh`mirs wng mgjs`kir tni kgc‐s einav`gr ajk tni mgjtixt gh tni

`jtiramt`gj apprgpràtiby w`bb avg`k `jfury tg tniosibvis. [niy w`bb absg avg`k tni jicat`vi pueb`m`ty

tnat ̀ jiv`taeby attijks aj ixmiss`vi usi gh hgrmi aca`jst oaj‐s eist hrìjk.

5



Snat tni Ixpirts ]ay

Ammgrk`jc tg rit`rik Famlsgjv`bbi Hbgr`ka ]nir`hh‐s Bìutijajt Faois Mrgsey, Mirt`hìk Einav`gr

Mgjsubtajt Maj`ji - Ljgwbikci Assissik (MEMM-LA®), accriss`vi einav`gr ey kgcs nas tnrii kih`jik

mgopgjijts6 hiar/tnriat rispgjsi, risgurmi prgtimt`gj ajk oaj`pubat`gj gh sgmàb ijv`rgjoijt.8

Ey prgv`k`jc aj ujkirstajk`jc gh maj`ji einav`gr tg ghh`mirs wng w`bb at sgoi pg`jt `j tni`r pueb`m

sirv`mi ijmgujtir ujljgwj kgcs, ghh`mirs w`bb ei eittir priparik tg ihhimt`viby ajk sahiby jicgtàti

tnisi smijar`gs w`tngut k`smnarc`jc a wiapgj.

Ammgrk`jc tg tni Mgoouj`ty Grìjtik Tgb`m`jc ]irv`mis \MGT]_ Oajuab ribiasik ey tni Kipartoijt gh

Fust`mi ijt`tbik ‒[ni Trgebio gh Kgc-Uibatik @jm`kijts ajk Ijmgujtirs‟ 3 Eirjark L. Oibilàj,> Ghh`mi

gh Mgoouj`ty Grìjtik Tgb`m`jc ]irv`mis K`rimtgr statis ‒`t `s mr`t`mab tnat pgb`mi kipartoijts jgt gjby

kivibgp ihhimt`vi kipartoijtab straticìs akvgmat`jc hgr tni prgpir najkb`jc gh kgc-ribatik ̀ jm`kijts

ajk ijmgujtirs, eut absg prgamt`viby mriati tamt`mab-rispgjsi straticìs, ijsur`jc nuoaji triatoijt

gh kgcs ajk sahity hgr tni pueb`m ajk ghh`mirs.‟

=

http://cops.usdoj.gov/Publications/e051116358_Dog-Incidents-508.pdf





Snat Mnajcis Ari Ei`jc Oaki

Aust`j, [ixas0 `s òpbioijt`jc sivirab mnajcis tg pgb`mìs ajk tra`j`jc gj ngw ghh`mirs kiab w`tn kgcs

as tni risubt gh aj ghh`mir snggt`jc a ris`kijt‐s kgc. [ni kipartoijt nas kivibgpik a kita`bik

kismr`pt`gj gh ‒kajcirgus ajòab‟ as wibb as wnij aj ghh`mir maj usi kiakby hgrmi aca`jst gji. Eymbar`hy`jc hgr ghh`mirs tnat bitnab hgrmi `s autngr`zik gjby `h tniri `s òo`jijt kajcir gh egk`by naro tg

tnio gr ajgtnir nuoaj, tni gppgrtuj`ty hgr ghh`mirs tg mnggsi bitnab hgrmi `s riogvik. [ni

kipartoijt jgw riqu`ris a n`cnir bivib gh k`smrit`gj mgoparik tg tni gbk pgb`my w`tn biss spim`h`m

k`rimt`gj. [ni jiw pgb`my absg `jmriasis tni aogujt gh rivìw tni kipartoijt appbìs wnij a hatab

kgc snggt`jc kgis gmmur. Ghh`mirs ari jgw riqu`rik tg ixpba`j wny bissir hgrmi was jgt usik. [ni

ijt`ri mna`j gh mgooajk tnij rivìws tnat ixpbajat`gj ratnir tnaj fust tni ghh`mir‐s sirciajt.

Akk`t`gjabby, Aust`j k`spatmnirs ari riqu`rik tg hgriwarj aj ghh`mir tal`jc a mabb ̀ h tni ngoi nas a

n`stgry gh nav`jc a kgc gj tni prio`sis. @h `t kgis, ajòab mgjtrgb w`bb autgoat m̀abby ei kipbgyik gj tni

mabb as wibb.

@j Hgrt Sgrtn, [ixas, ghh`màbs rimgcj`zik tni jiik tg kivibgp ajk òpbioijt a tra`j`jc prgcrao hgr

tni`r swgrj pirsgjjib ahtir tni snggt`jc kiatn gh a Egrkir Mgbbì. @j Gmtgeir, 5415 tni kipartoijt

nibk ̀ ts ̀ jaucurab i`cnt (>) ngur tra`j`jc14 prgv`k`jc ghh`mirs ̀ jhgroat`gj gj ngw tg apprgamn a kgc,

wnat ̀ tios maj ei usik tg avg`k us`jc tni`r sirv`mi wiapgj, ajk ngw tg prgv`ki quab`ty mgoouj`ty

sirv`mi tg ris`kijts `j tni`r k`str`mts.

As Aust`j nas wgrlik tg kivibgp tni partjir`jc w`tn tni`r Ajòab Mgjtrgb ajk Baw Ijhgrmioijt

Ghh`mirs, soabbir ouj`m`pab`tìs gr ogri rurab arias oay jgt navi tn`s gpt`gj. Oajy ]nir`hh‐s

Kipartoijts `j Sist X`rc`jà ari jgw appg`jt`jc a Kiputy tg najkbi abb ajòab ribatik mabbs tg mgvir

arias tnat kg jgt navi Ajòab Mgjtrgb Ghh`mirs ava`baebi.

@j Ogjrgi Mgujty, Jiw Pgrl m`t`zijs pit`t`gjik hgr mnajci ahtir a rimgrk erial`jc yiar gh ‒pgb`mi

snggt ajk l`bb kgc‟ stybi niakb`jis amrgss tni stati ra`sik abaro. Uis`kijt Ikkì Mb`jtgj hgujkik L0

Tartjirs gh Ogjrgi Mgujty tg wgrl k`rimtby w`tn tni Ogjrgi Mgujty ]nir`hh‐s Kipartoijt. [ra`j`jc gh

ghh`mirs gj jgj-bitnab hgrmi wnij mgjhrgjtik w`tn kgcs wn`bi gj kuty was kivibgpik ajk

òpbioijtik `j Jgvioeir. Mb`jtgj `s jgw wgrl`jc w`tn stati riprisijtat`vis tg ixpajk tni

oajkatgry tra`j`jc statiw`ki.11

[ra`j`jc‐s ajk pgb`my mnajcis b`li tnisi ari eimgo`jc ogri jimissary `j aj ihhgrt tg prgtimt tni

mgoouj`ty.

Hrikir`ml Mgujty, Oarybajk ]nir`hh‐s Kipartoijt bgst a m`v`b masi `j 5415 `j wn`mn a fury awarkik kgc

gwjirs gvir $844,444 ahtir Kiputìs sngt a Baerakgr Uitrìvir. [ni gwjirs absg suik `j grkir tg

ammgopb`sn pgb`my mnajci `j tni kipartoijt. [ni masi `s gj appiab< ngwivir, tngusajks gh kgbbars

navi eiij spijt `j kihijk`jc tni kipartoijt‐s amt`gjs.

;



Mgee Mgujty Cigrcà òpbioijtik a tra`j`jc prgcrao `j 5415 `j aj ihhgrt tg eittir pripari ghh`mirs

hgr maj`ji ̀ jtiramt`gj ahtir ogri tnaj i`cnt ̀ jm`kijts ijk`jc ̀ j kgc snggt`jcs gmmurrik ̀ j fust gvir a

yiar.15

9



Bajkoarl Masis

]aj Fgsi Mnartir gh Nibbs Ajcibs Ogtgrmymbi Mbue v M`ty gh ]aj Fgsi

@j gji gh tni iarbìst masis, tni ]aj Fgsi Mnaptir gh tni Nibbs Ajcibs suik tni M`ty gh ]aj Fgsi ahtir a

100> oubt`pbi-bgmat`gj warrajt iximut`gj `j wn`mn tnrii gh tni mbue oioeirs‐ kgcs wiri sngt ajk

l`bbik.

[ni Yj`tik ]tatis Mgurt gh Appiabs, J`jtn M`rmu`t nibk tnat ‒tni snggt`jc gh tni kgcs at tni Xì`ra ajk

]guza ris`kijmis was aj ujriasgjaebi si`zuri, ajk aj ujriasgjaebi iximut`gj gh tni siarmn warrajts,

`j v`gbat`gj gh tni Hgurtn Aoijkoijt.‟ᶗ

Tba`jt`hhs wiri awarkik $1.> o`bb`gj `j kaoacis.

Faois S. ]ogal it ab., v Ir`m Nabb it ab .

@j Fajuary 544=, Faois ]ogal ajk n`s hao`by wiri riturj`jc tg Jgrtn Margb`ja hrgo a hao`by vamat`gj.[ravib`jc w`tn tni`r hao`by kgcs, tniy wiri pubbik gvir ey [ijjissii N`cnway Tatrgb eimausi tni`r

vin`mbi was ripgrtik ey a mabbir tg ei spiik`jc. [ni mabbir absg saw „a bgt gh bggsi ogjiy‐ hby`jc argujk

tni rgak ein`jk tnio.

Kur`jc tni trahh`m stgp, Or. ]ogal ajk n`s hao`by wiri grkirik gut gh tni vin`mbi ajk tgbk tg cit gj

tni`r ljiis. Kasn-mao rimgrk`jcs sngwik tnat abb gmmupajts gh tni vin`mbi mgopbìk, eut lipt asl`jc

ghh`mirs jgt tg bit tni`r kgcs gut gh tni mar‐s gpijik kggrs. Gji gh tni kgcs rusnik gut gh tni vin`mbi

ajk a Mggliv`bbi ([J) ghh`mir gj smiji sngt tni kgc w`tn n`s sngtcuj. [ni kasnmao rimgrkik Or.

]ogal‐s smriao`jc tnat tni kgc was gjby pbay`jc, mnas`jc tni hbasnb`cnt.

[ni Yj`tik ]tatis Mgurt gh Appiabs, ]`xtn K`str`mt 1= mgjmbukik ‒Si w`sn tg iopnas`zi tnat, abtngucn

wi ari crajt`jc quab`hìk ̀ oouj`ty tg tni [NT trggpirs gj ogst aspimts gh tni ]ogals‐ mbaòs, wi kg

jgt mgjkgji tni amt`gjs gh baw ijhgrmioijt ̀ j tn`s masi.‟

@j 544> a hikirab fury awarkik tni hao`by $0,444 `j mgopijsatgry kaoacis ajk $105,444 `j attgrjiy‐s

hiis. [ni ]ogals sittbik w`tn tni M`ty gh Mggliv`bbi hgr $33,944 `j a siparati bawsu`t.

[ni tgtab awark hrgo egtn masis was $53>,944

8



Mabvg v Mgujty gh Tr`jmi Cigrci‐s Mgujty, it ab.

@j 544> Tr`jmi Cigrci‐s Mgujty Oarybajk Kiputìs sirvik a warrajt at tni ngoi gh tnij Eirywj

Ni`cnts Oaygr Mniyi Mabvg. @j tni mgursi gh iximut`jc tni warrajt, tni mgujty‐s ]SA[ [iao sngt ajk

l`bbik tni hao`by‐s twg ebaml Baerakgr ritrìvirs.

Jg mnarcis ivir risubtik hrgo tni siarmn ajk Oaygr Mabvg ajk n`s hao`by was mbiarik gh ajy`jvgbvioijt `j tni masi.

Eut tnat was gjby tni eic`jj`jc. Mabvg ivijtuabby sittbik hgr aj ujk`smbgsik aogujt w`tn egtn tni

]nir`hh‐s Kipartoijt ajk Mgujty Tgb`mi. Tart gh tni sittbioijt riqu`rik ‒@j-]irv`mi Ajòab-Mgjtrgb‟

tra`j`jc1; tnat eicaj `j Oarmn gh 5415.

Uussibb v Mn`macg Tgb`mi Kipartoijt, M`ty gh Mn`macg

A Mn`macg hao`by was awarkik $===,444 hgr a 5440 ra`k `j wn`mn Mn`macg Tgb`mi ghh`mirs sngt tni

hao`by kgc kur`jc a siarmn tnat hgujk jg mrò`jab amt`v`ty ̀ j tni apartoijt.19

[wg tiij-acik egys wiri ngoi at tni tòi MTK ajjgujmik tniy nak a siarmn warrajt. I`cntiij-

yiar-gbk [ngoas Uussibb gpijik tni kggr tg hami ghh`mirs w`tn wiapgjs krawj. [ngoas aslik `h ni

mgubk bgml up n`s 0-yiar-gbk ebaml Baerakgr ritrìvir eihgri pgb`mi ijtirik.

[ni riquist was kijìk. Snij tni Uussibb‐s kgc maoi argujk tni mgrjir wacc`jc nir ta`b, Ghh`mir

U`mnark Ajtgjsij sngt tni kgc.

[ni fury awarkik a tgtab gh $===,444, `jmbuk`jc $1444 aca`jst tni pgb`mi supirv`sgr wng oaki tni

kim`s`gj tg arrist [ngoas ahtir ni eimaoi iogt`gjab wnij w`tjiss`jc n`s pit‐s snggt`jc.

Ugcir Fijl`js, ]ajkra Fijl`js v Hrikir`ml Mgujty ]nir`hh‐s Kipartoijt, ]tati gh Oarybajk

@j Fajuary gh 5414, Ugcir ajk ]ajkra Fijl`j‐s kgc was sngt ajk ̀ jfurik ey Hrikir̀ ml Mgujty Kiputy

[ògtny Erggls. [ni pgb`mi mru`sir kasn-mao rimgrkik tni ijt`ri ivijt as `t pbayik gut. Kiputìs

wiri gj smiji tg sirvi a m`v`b warrajt gj tni Fijl`js‐ sgj.

Gr`c`jabby awarkik $854,444 tni aogujt was rikumik tg $843,944. [ni mgujty ajk Kiputy Erggls

navi appiabik tni kim`s`gj.18

[ni Fijl`js‐ kgc, Erajk`, surv`vik tni snggt`jc eut suhhirs piroajijt kaoaci tg nir bic, wn`mn oay

st`bb riqu`ri aoputat`gj. [ni aogujt `j kihijk`jc tni masi mgoe`jik w`tn tni aogujt awarkik ey

tni mgurts ajk tni pgssè`b`ty gh twg ogri yiars gh b`t`cat`gj nas jgt eiij k`smbgsik tg tni pueb`m.

At tni tòi gh tn`s pueb`mat`gj, ogri tnaj a kgzij masis ari pijk`jc `j mgurts jat`gjw`ki as tni risubt

gh aj ghh`mir us`jc bitnab hgrmi gj a kgc `j Mab`hgrjà,13 Mgbgrakg,1> Mgjjit`mut,10 Hbgr`ka,54 Lijtumly,51

O`jjisgta,55 O`ssgur`,5= 5; Sasn`jctgj,59 ajk [ni K`str`mt gh Mgbuoeà.58

3



@j [ni B`ji Gh Kuty

Ogst ghh`mirs navi ijmgujtirik a kgc tnat appiarik accriss`vi. Oajy navi riamtik gj `jst`jmt.

Gtnirs navi nak tg riby gj oiriby gj-tni-fge-tra`j`jc gr wgrsi, jg tra`j`jc, tg pripari tnio hgr sumn

`jm`kijts.

Eut wnat ogst ghh`mirs ari ji`tnir priparik jgr `jhgroik gh, `s tnat at biast as har eaml as 100;,

hikirab appibbati mgurts navi eiij h`jk`jc ̀ j havgr gh pba`jt`hhs gj a mgjst`tut`gjab eas`s wnij a hao`by

pit `s l`bbik. Murrijtby, tni H`rst,53 [n`rk,5> Hgurtn,50 ]ivijtn,=4 I`cntn,=1 ajk J`jtn=5 k`str`mts navi abb

najkik kgwj rub`jcs h`jk`jc sumn snggt`jcs ujmgjst`tut`gjab.

Ogst gh tni rub`jcs habb ujkir tni Hgurtn Aoijkoijt tg tni Y.]. Mgjst`tut`gj, `j wn`mn ‒tni r`cnt gh

tni pigpbi tg ei simuri ̀ j tni`r pirsgjs, ngusis, papirs ajk ihhimts, aca`jst ujriasgjaebi siarmnis

ajk si`zuris, snabb jgt ei v`gbatik, ajk jg warrajts snabb ̀ ssui, eut upgj prgeaebi mausi.‟

A ‒si`zuri‟ gh prgpirty gmmurs wnij tniri `s sgoi oiaj`jchub `jtirhirijmi w`tn aj `jk`v`kuab‐spgssissgry ̀ jtirists ̀ j tnat prgpirty.==

]`jmi hao`by pits, spim`h`mabby kgcs, navi eiij rimgcj`zik ey tni mgurts tg ei `jmbukik as „ihhimts‐, tni

jiik hgr spim`h`m tra`j`jc ajk pgb`my `s ei`jc rimgcj`zik as jimissary tg sahi-cuark gur baw

ijhgrmioijt acijmìs ajk ghh`mirs hrgo m`v`b bàe`b`ty.

Mgurts navi rimgcj`zik tnat ‒tni stati‐s ̀ jtirist ̀ j prgtimt`jc b`hi ajk prgpirty oay ei ̀ opb`matik

wnij tniri `s riasgj tg eibìvi tni pit pgsis òo`jijt kajcir.‟ @j sumn masi, ‒tni stati‐s `jtirist oay

fust`hy tni ixtrioi `jtrus`gj gmmas`gjik ey tni kistrumt`gj gh tni pit `j tni gwjir‐s prisijmi.‟ =;

Mgjs`kir`jc tni k`rimt`gj tni mgurts navi talij rimijtby, `t wgubk ei aj acijmìs eist kihijsi tgòpbioijt apprgpr̀ ati cu`kib`jis ajk apprgvik tra`j`jc oitngks hgr ghh`mirs. [n`s ihhgrt, wnij

appbìk as a prg-amt`vi oiasuri ratnir tnaj a riamt`vi rispgjsi wgubk ass`st aj acijmy ̀ j prgv`k`jc

tni eist prgtimt`gj hgr egtn ghh`mirs ajk ris`kijts w`tn`j tni mgoouj`ty.

[ni bicab arcuoijt mgubk absg ei oaki tnat eimausi gtnir acijmìs navi jgw rimgcj`zik tni jiik hgr

akk`t`gjab tra`j`jc, ajy acijmy tnat ha`bs tg prgv`ki tni`r ghh`mirs w`tn akiquati priparat`gj ari

jicb`cijt, ajk tnus m`v`bby bàebi ey k`sricark`jc tni mgoouj`ty‐s r`cnt tg simuri „ihhimts‐ as cuarajtiik

ey tni Hgurtn Aoijkoijt.

>



Ghh`mir Jiiks Ass`stajmi

@t‐s a mabb jg ghh`mir ivir wajts tg niar…gr navi tg oali. Eut wnij aj ghh`mir jiiks ass`stajmi kui tghrìjkby h`ri, `t‐s jgroabby tni risubt gh a s`tuat`gj tnat mgubk navi eiij avg`kik. S`tn`j a gji ogjtn

pir`gk `j 5415, tnrii ghh`mirs hrgo tnrii k`hhirijt parts gh tni mgujtry wiri wgujkik as a risubt gh

hrìjkby h`ri wnij h`riaros wiri k`smnarcik as a oitngk hgr kiab`jc w`tn kgcs. Gji gh tni tnrii

ghh`mirs was ogrtabby wgujkik.

Baliwggk, Mgbgrakg

Sn`bi ghh`mirs wiri rispgjk`jc tg a susp`m`gus pirsgj mabb `j a Baliwggk, Mgbgrakg ji`cnegrnggk,

sngts wiri niark hrgo a jiarey ris`kijmi. Ghh`mirs rispgjkik tg tni akkriss. [nrii `jk`v`kuabs wiri

kita`jik ajk tnrii h`riaros riogvik hrgo tni`r pirsgjs. Baliwggk TK ]pglisoaj ]tivi Kav`s sa`k,‒Kgcs `js`ki tni ngoi eimaoi ‒prgebioat`m,‟ ajk eimaoi a jiw hgmus gh attijt`gj hgr pgb`mi. [nat

was nappij`jc gj tgp gh ivirytn`jc tnat was nappij`jc.‟

Habbij ghh`mir Faois Kavìs was siarmn`jc aj aria ein`jk tni ngoi wnij aj ujjaoik ghh`mir saw tni

ogvioijt. A mgooajk was `ssuik tg Kavìs, eut `t `s assuoik Kavìs nak jg `kia tni mgooajk was

k`rimtik at nò, `jstiak eibìv`jc a suspimt nak eiij s`tik. [nus ni jivir rispgjkik. [ni ujjaoik

ghh`mir h`rik wnij Kavìs `cjgrik tni mgooajk.

Baliwggk TK‐s ]tivi Kav`s sa`k, ‒@oac`ji tni ajcu`sn tni gtnir ghh`mir `s cg`jc tnrgucn, wi hiib b`li

wi navi twg v`mtòs gj tni kipartoijt.‟=9

Oiopn`s, [ijjissii

@j Oiopn`s, [ijjissii, pgb`mi ghh`mirs wiri iximut`jc a siarmn warrajt at a ris`kijmi wnij

mgjhrgjtik ey a kgc. Gji gh tni ghh`mirs attioptik tg snggt tni kgc, eut o`ssik, `jfur`jc a simgjk

OTK ghh`mir. [ni ghh`mir‐s `jfurìs wiri mr`t`mab ajk riqu`rik b`hi-sav`jc surciry ammgrk`jc tg Oiopn`s

Tgb`mi K`rimtgr [gjiy Arostrgjc.=8

Naywggk Mgujty, Jgrtn Margb`ja

Naywggk Mgujty, Jgrtn Margb`ja, ]nir`hh‐s Kiputìs rispgjk`jc tg a kgoist`m mabb ijtir`jc a oge`bi

ngoi tra`bir tg ijsuri tni sahity gh aj `jhajt mn`bk tnat nak eiij tnriatijik ey tni ogtnir‐s

egyhrìjk. Ypgj ijtry, tniy wiri mgjhrgjtik ey tni hao`by kgc. Gji Kiputy h`rik at tni kgc< tni

simgjk Kiputy was struml ̀ j tni bic ajk suhhirik a jgj-b`hi tnriatij`jc ̀ jfury.=3

0



Ei`jc Trg-Amt`vi

Oatiràbs navi eiij oaki ava`baebi tnrgucn tni Kipartoijt gh Fust`mi3 prgv`k`jc acijmìs

`jhgroat`gj tg nibp w`tn tni kivibgpoijt gh maj`ji ghh`mir ikumat`gj. [n`s `jhgroat`gj `jmbukis

abtirjat`vis tg bitnab hgrmi, sumn as prgpir usi gh a tasir, ihhimt`vi sprays, mb`pegarks, hbasnb`cnts, j`cnt-st`mls, najk-rak`gs, ajk a juoeir gh gtnir tggbs tnat iviry ghh`mir nas at n`s/nir k`spgsab. Ogst

òpgrtajtby, ixpirts snari kita`bik `jhgroat`gj w`tn `bbustrat`gjs sngw`jc ghh`mirs ngw tg riak maj`ji

egky bajcuaci. Appby`jc tn`s ljgwbikci, ghh`mirs ari iopgwirik tg ixirm`si gpt`gjs tnat abbgw hgr

apprgpràti vg`mi mgjtrgb mgupbik w`tn tni`r gwj egky bajcuaci ajk mgjtrgb, tniriey k`hhus`jc gr

privijt`jc ismabat`jc s`tuat`gjs w`tn a kgc wn`bi gj a mabb. [n`s `jhgroat`gj, wnij òpbioijtik `jtg a

tra`j`jc prgcrao prisirvis tni nuoaj-maj`ji egjk. @t maj absg privijt jicat`vi attijt`gj ajk

pueb`m`ty tg aj acijmy, ajk avg`k a pueb`m ribat`gj‐s j`cntoari.

Eimausi gtnir acijmìs navi òpbioijtik pgb`my ajk tra`j`jc prgcraos, mgoouj`mat`gj eitwiij

ygur acijmy ajk gtnirs maj ixpik`ti tni kivibgpoijt gh sumn prgcraos.

14



Mgjmbus`gj

Sn`bi oa`jta`j`jc ghh`mir ajk mgoouj`ty sahity `s a pr`gr`ty, istaeb`sn`jc pgb`mìs tnat prgv`ki

mgoouj`tìs tni assurajmi tnat tni`r mgjst`tut`gjab r`cnts ari sahi-cuarkik sijks a pgs`t`vi oissaci.

@t `s sòpby cggk pueb`m ribat`gjs.

Eut `t‐s ogri tnaj tnat. @t‐s prgv`k`jc ghh`mirs w`tn tni mgjh`kijmi tg najkbi s`tuat`gjs tnat maj

privijt ̀ jfury ajk maj`ji hatab`tìs.

[niri `s jg rimgrk gh a pgb`mi ghh`mir ivir ei`jc hatabby wgujkik ey a kgc.

Trgv`k`jc tra`j`jc hgr ghh`mirs eihgri tniy ari mgjhrgjtik w`tn aj ijmgujtir w`tn a kgc ̀ s cggk pgb`my-

oal`jc ajk mgoouj`ty pgb`m`jc.

@t‐s nark tg arcui aca`jst tni prg-amt`vi apprgamn. Hgr viry b`ttbi mgst tg ajy kipartoijt tnisi

mnajcis maj savi tngusajks gh kgbbars, ajk b`vis.

[n`s `s aj gppgrtuj`ty hgr ygur acijmy tg istaeb`sn kih`j`t`gj ajk prgtgmgb tnat `s bgjc past kui.

@h tni MGT] Oajuab, ‒[ni Trgebio gh Kgc-Uibatik @jm`kijts ajk Ijmgujtirs‟ `s jgt `jmbukik `j ygur

pamlit wnij prisijtik tg ygu, pbiasi rihir tg tni Kipartoijt gh Fust`mi egglbit ava`baebi at6

nttp6//mgps.uskgf.cgv/Tueb`mat`gjs/i491118=9>WKgc-@jm`kijts-94>.pkh

Pgu oay absg mgjtamt TEBJJ.mgo hgr akk`t`gjab risgurmis ajk rihirrabs ̀ j aj ihhgrt gh istaeb`sn`jc

cu`kib`jis hgr ygur acijmy gr tg grcaj`zi a tra`j`jc sio`jar hgr ygur bgmab ghh`màbs.

Mgjtamt TEBJJ và ioa`b at6 `jhgDpebjj.mgo

11



mailto:[email protected]







1 Nuoaji ]gmìty gh tni Yj`tik ]tatis

nttp6//www.nuoajisgmìty.grc/`ssuis/pitWgvirpgpubat`gj/hamts/pitWgwjirsn`pWstat`st`ms.ntob5 [ni Cuarkàj Ixpriss Jiwspapir nttp6//cuarkàjbv.mgo/5415/40/wnij-mgps-snggt-kgcs/

= ]aj Fgsi Mnartir gh Nibbs Ajcibs Ogtgrmymbi Mbue v M`ty gh ]aj Fgsi \$1.> o`bb`gj_< ]ajkra Fijl`js ajk Ugcir

Fijl`js v [ògtny Erggls , Jatnaj Uimtgr ajk tni ]tati gh Oarybajk, Jg. 14M1444=33> \$843,944_< [ngoasUussibb v U`mnark Ajtgjsij Jg. 1614-mv-44959 \$===,444_< M`ty gh U`mnogjk (XA) sittbis bawsu`t, pays $514,444

tg gwjirs gh kgc sngt kiak ey mgps< (Mgsta Oisa, MA) M`ty Tays $559,444 `j masi gh kgc sngt ey pgb`mi< Faois S.

]ogal it ab., v Ir`m Nabb it ab., \Awarkik $105,444, sittbik $33,944_< U`mnogjk MA ” M`ty pays `j mgjjimt`gj w`tn

bawsu`t gvir kgc jaoik Mnaop \$944,444+_ U`mnogjk MA ” Mgujm`b acriis tg pay \$514,444_ kgc‐s gwjirs (+

akk`t`gjab $19,444 tg eystajkir)

nttp6//masibaw.h`jkbaw.mgo/us-0tn-m`rmu`t/1;;;0=4.ntob

nttp6//www.virk`mtsiarmn.mgo/`jkix.fsp7kg?jiws&rip?rimijt&art?543111

nttp6//www.ogribaw.mgo/virk`mts/masi.asp7j?1614-mv-44959%54&s?@B&k?;00;4

nttp6//www.shcati.mgo/eayaria/art`mbi/U`mnogjk-pays-514L-tg-gwjirs-gh-kgc-sngt-kiak-ey-599>494.pnp

nttp6//art`mbis.ka`byp`bgt.mgo/5448-40-5>/bgmab/kpt-sahityerìh5>W1Wmgsta-oisa-p`t-eubb-was-sngt-firry-stiir`jc

nttp6//www.jaàgjb`ji.grc/pkhs/8tn%54Y.%54].%54M`rmu`t%54Mgurt%54gh%54Appiabs-sogals%54masi.pkh

nttp6//www.shcati.mgo/eayaria/art`mbi/U`mnogjk-pays-514L-tg-gwjirs-gh-kgc-sngt-kiak-ey-599>494.pnp; Baliwggk (MG) pgb`mi ghh`mir hatabby sngt ey ajgtnir ghh`mir< Oiopn`s ([J) Tgb`mi Ghh`mir ]ngt ey Ajgtnir

Ghh`mir

nttp6//www.kijvirpgst.mgo/rimgooijkik/m`W5108=;4>

nttp6//aemjiws.cg.mgo/Y]/w`ri]tgry/oiopn`s-pgb`mi-ghh`mir-sngt-ghh`mir-138>3=84#.YLcGy;hc5]g9 U`mnogjk (MA) Eystajkir rimi`vis $19,444 hgr eurjs hrgo eubbits h`rik ey ghh`mirs snggt`jc at kgc<

(JPM) T`t Eubb, Eystajkir ]ngt ey Tgb`mi< Mbivibajk (GN) Ghh`mir ]nggts, L`bbs Kgc O`k-Attaml< Mgbuoeus (GN)

Tgb`mi @kijt`hy Eystajkir ]ngt Ey Ghh`mirs, Ghhir Apgbgcy<

nttp6//www.shcati.mgo/eayaria/art`mbi/U`mnogjk-pays-514L-tg-gwjirs-gh-kgc-sngt-kiak-ey-599>494.pnp

nttp6//gjb`ji.wsf.mgo/art`mbi/]E14444>35=08=04;;;;5=34;933939885048>1143>.ntob

nttp6//hgx>.mgo/5415/4>/15/h`cnt`jc-kgc-l`bbik-ey-ghh`mir-wgoaj-nurt/

nttp6//wgsu.grc/5415/jiws/5415/43/40/`jjgmijt-eystajkir-sngt-ey-mgbuoeus-pgb`mi/8 Maj`ji Accriss`gj @ssuis w`tn Fò Mrgsey

nttp6//maj`jiaccriss`gj.ebgcspgt.mgo/5411/49/accriss`gj-quist`gj-part-;-nuoaj-hamtgr.ntob3 [ni Trgebio gh Kgc-Uibatik @jm`kijts ajk Ijmgujtirs ” Ijytnà Eatnurst, Tn.K< Kgjabk Mbiary< Larij Kib`si<

Biky XajLavaci, Isq< Tatr`mà Uusn`jc, Ik.K

nttp6//mgps.uskgf.cgv/Tueb`mat`gjs/i491118=9>WKgc-@jm`kijts-94>.pkh> Eirjark L. Oibilàj, Ghh`mi gh Mgoouj`ty Grìjtik Tgb`m`jc ]irv`mis K`rimtgr

0 Kgc snggt`jc prgopts pgb`mi tg mnajci pgb`mìs ” ]tatisoaj.mgo, Aust`j [^< Fuji 54, 5415

nttp6//www.statisoaj.mgo/jiws/jiws/bgmab/kgc-snggt`jc-prgopts-pgb`mi-tg-mnajci-pgb`mìs/jUpeP/14

Kgc‐s X`gbijt Kiatn @jsp`ris Tgb`mi [ra`j`jc Mgursi `j Hgrt Sgrtn ” LNGY, Ngustgj [^< Gmtgeir 59, 5415

nttp6//www.lngu.mgo/jiws/tixas-jiws/139339851.ntob11

Ogjrgi Mgujty (JP) ]nir`hh‐s Ghh`mi ” ]nir`hh Tatr`ml O. G‐Hbyjj, 1=4 ], Tbyogutn Avijui, Ugmnistir JP 1;81;

nttp6//www5.ogjrgimgujty.cgv/snir`hh-`jkix.pnp15

5 @jvist`catis6 Jiarby 144 kgcs sngt ey oitrg pgb`mi s̀ jmi 5414, S]E[X Gmtgeir =4, 5415

nttp6//www.wsetv.mgo/jiws/jiws/bgmab/5-`jvist`catis-jiarby-144-kgcs-sngt-pgb`mi/j]rz3/1= ]ii Faois S. ]ogal it ab., v Ir`m Nabb it ab., Kav`k Eusn< Fihh Tnajj< [ò OmNggk< Eràj Ergml< Firry Ajkriws,

Bìutijajt -1;

]ittbioijt `j Ok. [gwj oaygr‐s bawsu`t ” [ni Sasn`jctgj Tgst, Fajuary 5;, 5411

nttp6//www.krucwarrajt.mgo/5411/41/mniyi-mabvg-ra`k-sittbioijt/19

Hao`by cits $===,444 hgr 5440 ra`k `j wn`mn mgps l`bbik kgc ” Mn`macg [rèuji, Aucust 10, 5411

nttp6//art`mbis.mn`macgtrèuji.mgo/5411-4>-10/jiws/mt-oit-pgb`mi-snggt-kgc-54114>10W1Whao`by-kgc-

kaoacis-ghh`mirs

15



18 TEBJ Uak`g ” @jtirvìw w`tn Uieilla Busl, Isq, Gmtgeir 0, 5415

nttp6//www.ebgctablrak`g.mgo/p`t-eubbit`j-bicab-jiws/5415/14/14/pgb`mi-snggt`jc-kgcs-rioikìs-tni-aust`j-=-

l`bbik--bicab13

Hgr tni Bgvi gh a Hao`by Tit ” Baw.mgo, Gmtgeir 10, 5415

nttp6//www.baw.mgo/fsp/ma/TueArt`mbiMA.fsp7`k?1545939985=>8&sbriturj?54151454195=401>

Gwjir su`jc tgwj gh Irì, pgb`mi ghh`mir gvir hatab 5411 kgc snggt`jc ” Ka`by Maoira, Fuby, 9, 5415nttp6//www.ka`bymaoira.mgo/jiws/m`W51414>80/gwjir-su`jc-irì-pgb`mi-gvir-hatab-kgc-snggt`jc10

Hao`by ]ays Tgb`mi Ua`k Sas Srgjc ajk X`bi ” Mgurtngusi Jiws ]irv`mi, Fuby 1>, 5415

nttp6//www.mgurtngusijiws.mgo/5415/43/1>/;>;>5.nto54

Gwjir ]uis Hb. Tgb`mi Gvir ]nggt`jc gh Kgc ” Ghh`mir.mgo, Gmtgeir 11, 5415

nttp6//www.ghh`mir.mgo/jiws/14>15>=9/gwjir-suis-hba-pgb`mi-gvir-snggt`jc-gh-kgc51

Oitrg ghh`mir suik `j kgc‐s kiatn ” Mgurìr-Fgurjab, Apr`b 0, 5415

nttp6//www.mgurìr-fgurjab.mgo/art`mbi/54154;40/JIS]41/=4;404498/1459/55

Bian Ajkirsgj suis Opbs Tgb`mi hgr snggt`jc nir kgc ” M`ty Tacis, Fuji >, 5415

nttp6//ebgcs.m`typacis.mgo/ebgttir/5415/48/bianWajkirsgjWsuisWpgb`miWsnggt`jcWkgc.pnp5=

Bawsu`t h`bik `j Og. Kruc ra`k tnat l`bbik kgc - ]t. Bgu`s Tgst-K`spatmn, ]iptioeir 5=, 5414

nttp6//www.stbtgkay.mgo/b`histybis/pits/art`mbiW5m158ahi-m30e-11kh->k3i-44153005em>e.ntob5;

BaCrajci Oaj H`bis Hikirab Bawsu`t Aca`jst Mgp Sng ]ngt N`s Eubbkgc ” U`virhrgjt [òis, Fajuary 54, 5415

nttp6//ebgcs.r`virhrgjttòis.mgo/ka`byrht/5415/41/v`kigWbacrajciWmgpWsnggtsWkgcWhikirabWbawsu`t.pnp59

$844,444 Mbaò H`bik Aca`jst m`ty hgr ]nggt`jc Kiatn gh Ugsì tni Kgc - Kis Og`jis, Sasn`jctgj - Satirbajk

Ebgc, Fuby 5;, 5415

nttp6//www.watirbajkebgc.mgo/5415/43/5;/844444-mbaò-h`bik-aca`jst-kis-og`jis-hgr-snggt`jc-kiatn-gh-

rgsì-tni-kgc/58

Sgoaj h`bis bawsu`t aca`jst OTK hgr snggt`jc kgc ” AEM3 ahh`bàti SFBA, Hieruary 53, 5415

nttp6//www.wfba.mgo/art`mbis/5415/45/wgoaj-h`bis-bawsu`t-aca`jst-opk-hgr-snggt`jc-kgc-3=148.ntob53

]ii Oabkgjakg v. Hgjtajis, 98> H.=k 58= (1st M`r. 5440) 5>

]ii Ergwj v. Ounbijeirc [wp., 580 H.=k 549 (=rk

M`r. 5441)50

]ii Abtoaj v. M`ty gh N`cn Tg`jt, Jgrtn Margb`ja, ==4 H. =k 10; (rtn M`r.544=)=4

]ii X``bg v. Iyri, 9;3 H. =k 343 (3tn

M`r.544>)=1

]ii Bisnir , supra.=5

Hubbir v. X`jis, =8 H.=k 89 (0tn

M`r. 100;)== Yj`tik ]tatis v. Famgesij, ;88 Y.]. 140, 11= (10>;)

=; ]ii Ergwj, 580 H.=k at 514-511

=9 Baliwggk pgb`mi ghh`mir hatabby sngt ey ajgtnir ghh`mir ” Kijvir Tgst, Jgvioeir 0, 5415

nttp6//www.kijvirpgst.mgo/rimgooijkik/m`W5108=;4>=8

Oiopn`s pgb`mi ghh`mir sngt ey ajgtnir ghh`mir ” SOM[X/[ni Mgooirmàb Appiab, Jgvioeir >, 5415

nttp6//www.womtv.mgo/stgry/544;9085/oiopn`s-pgb`mi-ghh`mir-sngt-ey-ajgtnir-ghh`mir=3

Naywggk kiputy sngt ey ghh`mir kur`jc kgc attaml ” M`t`zij-[òis, Jgvioeir 18, 5415

nttp6//www.m`t`zij-tòis.mgo/art`mbi/54151113/JIS]/=111344=;/Naywggk-kiputy-sngt-ey-ajgtnir-

ghh`mir7gkyssiy?ogk%3Mjiwswibb%3Mtixt%3MHrgjtpaci%3Mp&cmniml?1&jmb`mlWmniml?1

1=

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