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Scope of presentation: ECDIS Challenges
ECDIS
Challenges
Selection &
PlanningNavigation
system
P or S?
Installation,
operation &
update of
systemTraining &
behaviour
Industry &
Customer
satisfaction
Continual
improvements
2
MSC.282(86), SOLAS Ch V, Reg 19 ‘Carriage Requirements for Shipborne
Navigational Systems and Equipment’ , para 2.10 newly added
ECDIS implementation time line
Selection & Planning
3
Different IMO, IHO & IEC requirements
Ref : http://www.classnk.or.jp/hp/pdf/activities/classification/ecdis/ecdis_imo_j.pdf
Selection & Planning
4
Flag state ECDIS requirements
Ref :http://www.classnk.or.jp/hp/pdf/activities/classification/ecdis/ecdis_flag_j.pdf
Selection & Planning
5
Selection & Planning process
1
• Who can supply us with ENC? Over 70 distributors & About 17,000 ENCs available
• HO produce, maintain and make charts available via their distributors
• Who are official distributors for HO?(Ref S-62)
Selection & Planning
2
• They shall be appointed directly by “originating HO” or “by RENC (Regional ENC Coordinating Center)”—Ref IMO Circ.
• (Verification of Distributor’s agreements with HO’s or RENCS)
6
Selection & Planning process
3
• Selection of ECDIS Model, Many models in fleet induce much investment in training, additional software & hardware monitoring
• Performance std. MSC.232(82) or MSC.817(19)
• ECDIS installed after 1st Jan 2009 shall comply MSC.232(82), installed before to MSC.817(19)
• Approval from Flag state or organizations approved by Flag, wheel Mark (Confirms Maritime Equipment Directive (MED) of the European Union)
• ECDIS type approval shall conducted using IHO standard S-52,S-57,S-63
• IEC 61174 (Operational and performance requirements, methods of testing & required results)
Selection & Planning
Ref : MSC 232 (82)
Ref: S-66 Facts about Electronic charts and carriage requirements
http://www.iho.int/iho_pubs/standard/S-63/S-63_e1.1.1_EN_Apr12.pdf8
ECDIS Models & approvals, examples
Ref: http://www.classnk.or.jp/hp/pdf/activities/classification/ecdis/ecdis_list_j.pdf
Ref: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2013:161:0093:0095:EN:PDF9
Selection & Planning processSelection &
Planning
5
• Updating ECIDS software & ENCs
• Updating ENC, over HTTP or e-mail
• (User friendly, cost effective, air time, bandwidth, T & P)
6
• Selection of package /Licensing
• (Direct, dynamic, pay as you sail)
• <<Safety for deviation, time constraints, Cargo movements>>
4
• What cost I am paying ? Which are different licensing schemes? (value-added services, weather, routing, e-navigation)
• (Pricing decided by the individual HO’s)
11
Navigation system & procedures
-SMS Procedures need changes!!! Critical Equipment?, Critical spares to be carried on board. And PMS of ECDIS
-ECDIS Primary system? Or secondary system?
-Liberian Flag Circular NAV-001-Rev.06/12 (Ref Section 3) allows to use “Paper Charts” as primary navigation system
Navigation system?
P or S?
1
12
Installation, operation &
update of system
• Space on the bridge. (Two ECDIS?)
• Location suitable such that OOW can make quick ref. to system ensuring visual & radar situational awareness
1
Installation, operation &
update of system
• Vessel’s operational schedule and installation
• Level of integration from other eqp & Complex installation
• Connecting to other ECDIS, GPS, Speed log, Gyro, Radar, AIS, VDR, BNWAS ,Echo sounder ,Navtex etc.
• Do all equipment have compatible sensors and networking with model selected?
2
In
assistance
form
Admiralty
publication
.
13
Installation, operation &
update of system
Installation, operation &
update of system
• Inadequate route planning and monitoring & Failure to activate safety settings
• Failure to activate layer/ information?3
In
assistance
form
Admiralty
publication
.
14
• ENC updates at sea email and Internet (http)
• Limited update to ‘active ENC’ to reduce data size
• The sequence is unique to each ENC (can not load later update until earlier updates applied)
• <<Base CD & email updates dependency>>
4
Installation, operation &
update of system
Installation, operation &
update of system
•Not all Hydrographic Offices as yet include T&P information in their ENCs
•Eg. Admiralty Information Overlay (AIO)-T & P Corrections
5
15
Over view of T & P
(ref: Primar, 5 July 2013)
Ref : https://www.primar.org/documents/10180/28207/PS%20-
status%20of%20T%20and%20P%20notices%20for%20each%20nation%2020130705.pdf?version
=1.0&t=1373020017357 16
Installation, operation &
update of system
Installation, operation &
update of system
•ECDIS software update
•Many models-- different updates-- and many of them to be done by technician (Cost impact)
6
17
ECIDS Models & software update-By IHO
Ref: http://www.iho.int/mtg_docs/enc/enc_prod/latest_version_of_ECDIS_software_provided_by_OEMs.pdf18
Training & behavior
1
• ECDIS Training – Requirements STCW.7/Circ.18 (Generic training IMO 1.27 & Familiarization)
• ISM Code section 6.3 and 6.5 (familiarization training )
• Individual flag state requirements for training .(Reject trickle Down Training
& ref Makers' trg)
• How much model specific training? What about other equipments? (Radar? GPS? VDR?....)
Training & behavior
2
• Generic Training & Type specific training , duration & location of training (flag state approval for such training-via CBT?, On board?, only shore based?)
• Estimated 500,000 Mariners to be trained in industry
• Maintaining Quality of training provided by Makers & training institutes is the challenge!!
19
Ideal lookout by“Meerkats”20
3
• Over-reliance on ECDIS by navigators
• Fundamental changes in navigation
ECDIS Training- GENERIC & TYPE
SPECIFIC
• Many ECDIS aided accidents (‘COSCO BUSAN’ Nov 2007, ‘PRIDE OF CANTEBURY’ Jan 2008, ‘CFL PERFORMER’ May 2008, ‘CSL THAMES’ Aug 2011)
• Question is “Why the accidents happened?”
• Because of lack of operational knowledge.
• Due to not understanding the limitations and functions of ECIDIS.
• Over reliant and not using basic navigational principles
• Lack of familiarization with ECDIS equipment
21
Industry & Customer satisfaction
-ECDIS been checked during Vetting inspections -VIQ-4.23, 4.24, 4.25,4.26 & 4.30
-PSC inspections and detention (Eg. AMSA), listing of ECDIS on record of safety equipments form E
Industry & Customer
satisfaction
-Operator’s satisfaction is crucial and Ship Manager’s need to take action
-Operators can report any unusual ECDIS operation to vessel’s flag state as per IMO MSC.1/Circ.1391. “operational anomalies identified within ECDIS”
1
2
22
Continual Improvements
• ECDIS behaves in an unexpected or unintended manner called “anomalies” which affects equipment or navigational decisions
• Failure to display a navigational feature correctly (eg.Lights, U/W, Iso. Dangers)
1
Continual improvements
• Anomalies when adding RADAR and AIS information to the ECDIS
• (overload of ECDIS equipment, missing RADAR/AIS targets, reduced functionality of the ECDIS equipment, or cluttered ECDIS view, thereby missing valuable information) BIMCO survey !
2
23
Continual Improvements Continual improvements
• Experienced missing displays
• (like missing anchorage, berth and channel names, radius of maximum swing circle, aids to navigation disappeared)
• Experienced any anomalies when comparing ECDIS with paper charts (Missing wreck, buoy etc.)
3
24
ECDIS Anomalies: CAUTIONS AND LIMITATIONS
?
ECDIS
DISPLAYPAPER CHART
DISPLAY
Wreck in western approaches to Singapore, was not marked on ECDIS but marked on paper
chart. ECDIS was then updated/checked with update CD but the wreck is still missing on the
ECDIS25
Continual improvements Continual improvements
• Differences in the standard shapes and coloursof aids to navigation
• Differ from one ECDIS manufacturer to another
5
26
• Anomalies in connection with ENC updating
• (discontinued aids to navigation still being shown in the ENC update)
6
Future challenges
• S-101 the future standard for ENCs
• “ENC will indeed be fed into future standards
and more intelligent text placement is one of
the features that is being looked at in S-101 “
27
2015
2022
Need of Harmony
Ship Manager
Navigators, end Users
Hydrographic office
ECDIS Makers
Service providers
Regulators
29