ECH OLOGYREVI EW eJlehrt1fl[Y 1954

\ -,,', .,.p ..... - ..... --

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HERE'SBOLSEY

assures p r e ci si o n sbaft alignment .•.

gear train rotation

witb MPB ball b ea ri n g s

MOTION PtCTURE GUN CAMERA

Designed and manufactured by Bolsey Corporation of America.OPERATING CO~OIT10NS - gear train rotates at low to medium

speeds, 960 to 3840 rpm; control shafts require precision align-ment to prevent birrding ; extremely limited housing space ....Resolved by use of 2 MPB ultra-precision bearings: radialwith .1250" bore. flanged radial with .1875" bore.

For ideas to help you solve problems like these - andcountless others involving miniaturization - you'll find thenew MPB catalog TR54b a source for the most compre-hensive information ever offered on miniature ball bearings.Request it on your letterhead.More complete informationon the use of MPB bearings in the Bolsey Gun Camerais also available.

Miniature Precision Bearings, Incorporated Keene, New Hampshire

ABRASIVES SHOW UP ON BALANCE SHEETS!

Equip your IDeo with the

,Usemen and materials to the best advantage. Men

get "Touch of Gold" results with the best abrasives.This more efficient grinding adds value to materialsquicker-increases customer satisfaction - brightensyour profit picture. Look to Norton and Behr-Manning for the best abrasives and the most moderngrinding techniques. They're the world's abrasive'leaders,

Norton Company, Worcester 6, Mass.Behr-Manning Corporation,Division of Norton, Troy, N. Y.Plants, distributors and dealers the world over.

"Touch ofGold" in surface grinding. The new Norton G Bondis the biggest improvement in grinding wheels in 43 years. Itmeans fast, cool and economical cutting.

"Touch of Gold" to a kitchen sink. Weld grindingwith aBehr-Manning METALITE® Cloth Belt on a Curtis Adapt-A-Beltattachment substantially increased production.

t!Jakinf/lJeffer products ... tom~keutfter protlucIs IJeff8r

(fIORTONJNORTON£BEHR-MANNINCTHE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW, February, 1954, Vol. LVI, No.4. Published monthly from November to July inclusive atEmmett Street, Bristol, Conn.Publication date: twenty-seventh of the month preceding date of issue. Annual subscription $3.50. Canadian and Foreign subscription $4.00.Enlered as second-class matter December 23, 1949. at the Post Ofllceat Bristol, Conn., under the Act of March 3. 1879.

What General Electric people are saying .G. C. HOUSTONMr. Houston is Manager- Marmfactur-ing Training Services Section, Manufac-turing Personnel Development ServicesDepartmenr,

..... Leadership abil ity is not de-veloped by attending lectures orbyreading, even though such activitiesmay be helpful in stimulating think-ing and developing a higher degreeof understanding. We believe, with-out qualification, that the onlysound way to acquire and developthese abilities is through the processof learning by doing. Consequently,any well-conceived leadership de-velopment program is built aroundthese princi ples . . .

Provide opportunities in the worksituation to practice doing thosethings required of men in positionsof leadership responsibility.

Associate with proved leaders.Adequately evaluate performance

and give sound guidance and counsel-ing along the way.

Each of the individual's assign-ments in his work situation shouldbe supervised by a man who hasalready proved his leadership abil-ity, who is. genuinely interested indeveloping others, and who is famil-iar with the objectives of the assign-ment in relation to the needs of thecandidate. The assignment should beplanned to provide experience whichwill not only increase the candidate'sknow-how, bur which will alsoprovide an opportunity to strengthenhis weak points or further develophis specific abilities.

G. E. Reuieio

P. R. HEINMILLERMr. Heinmiller is Managing Editor ofthe General Electric Reoieu:

..... There is more writing in in-dustry than turning our technicalreports. There are letters and memo-randums, reports and articles to asso-ciates in your field of engineering,and what is most difficult of all,presentations to management. I say'most difficult of all' because youmust get your ideas across to non-engineers, and you cannot takerefuge in technical jargon.

When writing signed articles for

174

technical publications, you must:know your audience, write so youraudience can understand you, andkeep everything in a logical sequence.Be complete and concise, use activeverbs, mix short sentences with longones to give a change of pace, andavoid cliches. Start with an outlineand then fill it in.

All other things being equal, theengineer who is articulate, who isable to express himself orally andin wri ting in an understandable man-ner, will gain more prominence thanone who cannot. (I prefer the word"prominence" to "success," becausethe latter has conflicting definitionsand often carries a high price tag.)

at Case Instina« ofTechnology,Cleveland

H. M.ROZENDAALDr. Rozende«! is Manager--BiologicalStttdies Section, General Electric ResearchLaboratory .

..... Engineers and physicists havecontributed much to technics inmedicine and biology. Many of theirefforts have been in the field ofmedical physics or biophysics. Theyhave led to the discovery or develop-ment of apparatus, such as electro-cardiographs, x-ray machines, dia-thermy equipment, electron micro-scopes, analytical apparatus usingultraviolet and infrared light, tomention only a few. Drs. Whitneyand Coolidge in our Laboratoryhave been pioneers in this field andtheir contributions are known weveryphysician.

And now atomic energy has seri-ously affected medical diagnosis,medical therapy and biological re-search. New apparatus is being inrro-duced to medical personnel. Newdevices for more accurate measure-ments and localization of radioactiveisotopes in the body are needed. Inthese and allied fields, the engineer,

• •

the medical man and the biologisthave many interests in common. Wemust encourage these peopleto gettogether to explore problems ofmutual interest. Such an approachwill be of interest to the scientistsbut, much more important, it mayresult in developments of great bene-fit to our patients.

Institute of Radio Engineers,Syracuse, N. Y.

H. F. MILLERDr. Miller is Manager-Advance andDevelopment Engineering Services Divi-sion

It is esti mated that at present thereare about lOO-milJion acres of worn-out land in this country. Bringingthis land back to productivity is oneof the major tasks that must beundertaken.

This will require vast quantitiesof the nirrogen-, phosphorus-, andpotash-type fertilizers. But apartfrom this, recent discoveries haveshown that it is 'possible not only toalter the chemical composition ofsoil but also its physical composition-characteristics such as porosity,densi ty, texture, and moisture reten-tion. Small quantities of organicmaterials-the "soil conditioners"as they are called on the retailmarket-are capable of doing manyof the things that only humus in thesoil could formerly do.

In the next 25 years the needwillalso arise for other chemical addi-tives needed for the soil to supportthe growth of the mold or the funginow present in humus. There is con-jecture that soil molds and bacteriaplay a great role in transferringnutrients from the soil to the roots ofthe growing plants. This is a chem-ical industry-not now in existence-that could be breath-taking inscope.

G.E.Review

tj'oa lYNt#~~ m_

GENERAL. ELECTRICTHE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW

Godfrey L. Cabot, Inc. is famous the world over forcarbon black - the finely divided jet black pigment whichtriples the life of tires and other rubber products; gives black-ness to inks and paper; adds jetness and gloss to paints,varnishes and plastics. Cabot plants throughout the U. S., inCanada and in England supply industry with the greatestvolume and widest range of grades available from a singlemanufacturer in the world.

The Cabot Companies manufacture other chemicals forindustrial use. Cabot products (all quality controlled through-out every step of the manufacturing process) include a completerange of "Cabflex" plasticizers for use in vinyl compounds ...pine tars, pine oils, dipentene, charcoal and other retortchemicals for the rubber, cordage, paint, ink and paper indus-tries ... Cabot Coke and Cabot Chemi-Coke, for use in themetallurgical industry ... wollastonite, a calcium metasilicatethat is a uniformly pure and versatile paint extender pigmentwith controlled acicularity; a remarkable mineral in ceramicbodies, glazes and frits grit-free Georgia kaolin filler claysfor paper and ceramics and Aerosil, a finely divided puresilica for use by a wide range of industries, including the rubber,paint, ink and pharmaceutical industries.

Can you use a Cabot product in your industry? Your call orletter will bring all literature available on the products in whichyou are interested.

GODFREYL. CABOT,INC. 77 FRANKLIN STREET, BOSTON 10, MASS.

Sfor CARBON BLACKSanellor PLASTICIZERS

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Artisan engineers and work-men are skilled in the techniquesof metal working. Their com-bined knowledge and experi-ence in engineering and buildingspecial equipment and machineryhave been of value to manyleading mechanical and process

industries.Write for a copy of "Process

Equipment". For a qualified engi-neer to call to discuss your equip-ment requirements, telephoneWA1tharn5·6800 or write to: -James Donovan, '28, General

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ACUSHNET specializes in "precision" molded rubberports engineered to specifications. Utilizing the most mod-ern techniques our Engineering Staff constantly is develop·ing new approaches to old problems. By ingenious molddesigning and compounding, yesterday's skepticism ofrubber for critical uses has changed to complete confi.

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176

THE TABULAR VIEW

Summer Session. - PROFESSORERNESTH. HUNT-RESS,'20, Director of the Summer Session, draws at-tention in this issue (page 191) to a fundamentalchange of emphasis in the summer activities of theInstitute. His review of the origin and development ofthe Summer Session clearly demonstrates that the cur-rent viewpoint represents evolution, not revolution.With reference to the new accent upon Special Sum-mer Programs for professional personnel from indus-try, government, and other educational and researchinstitutions, the article cites new statistical evidenceof the changing nature of the Institute's Summer Ses-sion. Dr. Huntress has directed this activity sinceFebruary, 1952, coming to it after a long associationwith the Department of Chemistry, culminating in adecade as Professor of Organic Chemistry. He has alsolong been intimately concerned with the M.LT. Grad-uate School through service for 10 years (1940-1950)as chairman of the Graduate Committee of the De-partment of Chemistry, for several years (March,1950 - September, 1953) as Deputy Dean of theGraduate School, and currently as Secretary of theGraduate School. In addition to some five score pro-fessional papers representing experimental research,he is the author of four major technical books, andsince 1947 has served as an associate editor of theChemical Monograph Series of the American Chemi-cal Society. He has been especially identified with theorganization and systemization of chemical literatureand has taken an active part in the development ofthe M.I.T. library system.

Tile Technology. - The second and concludingpart of an article on "Decorative Tiles - Their Placein Ceramic Art" by E. STANLEYWIRES,'07, appears onpage 195 of this issue. In the first part of this well-illustrated article (which appeared in the January,1954, issue of The Review) Mr. Wires reminded usthat much of the world's history, art, technology, andculture could be traced by fragments of tiles whichwe inherit from earlier civilizations. His article of lastmonth surveyed the characteristic features of tilesfrom ancient Egypt, Babylonia, Assyria, Persia, Syria,Turkey, northern Africa, Spain, and medieval andRenaissance Europe. In the concluding installment,Mr. Wires traces the development of Dutch tiles,discusses English painted and printed tiles, and out-lines the development of the tile industry in theUnited States from its origin in Philadelphia, Pa., andBennington, Vt., about a century ago. He concludeswith a few remarks regarding the Tile Club - an as-sociation of ineteenth Century artists, painters, andsculptors, who used tile painting as an outlet for theircreative talents. Illustrations for both portions of Mr.Wires's article are taken from the collections of Ameri-can, British, and Continental European art museums,as well as from the extensive personal collection oftiles of Mr. Wires. The author is a graduate of theInstitute's Course in Architecture and, throughout his

(Concluded on page 178)

TIlE TECH:-lOLOGY REVIEW

Progress in reaction-motor propulsion becomes possi..ble only as the metallurgist supplies new alloysto withstandthe stresses, temperatures, and corrosive attack developedby new rocket fuels•

.Molybdenum additions to many alloys are known toimprove strength at high temperatures. For this reasonMolybdenum will be used more and more in the reactionmotors of the future.

Climax furnishes authoritative engineering data onMolybdenum applications.

FEBRUARY, 1954 177

BEFORE

PRODUCTION •••

Gear design for indus-try or functioning de-vice can foretell profitor loss.Before production plansgo too far-be sure youknow what you can saveby buying gears espe-cially engineered foryour exacting needs.Diefendorf builds gearsfor all sizes and typesand all materials toblueprint specs only.

DIEFENDORF GEAR

CORPORATION

Syracuse, New York

DIEFEND@RFG EAR 5

178

THE TABULAR VIEW(Concluded from page 176)

professional life, has been closely associated with thetile industry. He was treasurer and manager of theE. Stanley Wires Company, Inc. of Boston from 1908to 1944, and New England sales manager of the Cam-bridge Tile Manufacturing Company of Cincinnati,Ohio, from 1945 to 1952.

Challenge of Suburbia. - Although the basic lureof suburban living is as great today as at any time inhistory, three new factors account for the recent verygreat expansion in living beyond the urban rim. Thegreat increase in population, with its high degree ofcentralization within city limits has provided greaterneed for the development of the modem suburb. Atthe same time, two technological factors have hastenedthe growth of Twentieth Century Suburbia. One ofthese is increased facilities and comfort of mass trans-portation; the other is the great advance which hasbeen made in communication, according toKARL T.COMPTON,Chairman of theM.I.T. Corporation, whosearticle "Today's Challenge to the Family in Suburbia"appears on page 201 of this issue. Dr. Compton takescare to point out that, since suburbs are by no meansall alike, it is difficult, if not impossible, to generalizeon the problems of suburbia. But of those featureswhich apparently contribute to this more healthfulway of living, Dr. Compton singled out for specialmention the fact that suburbs are of such size as to becapable of competent administration by civic mindedindividuals whose personal efforts can be helpful indirecting community policies into productive chan-nels. Perhaps such a conclusion might be expectedfrom one who, although primarily known as physicistand university administrator, has performed outstand-ing services to his local community and, especially, tothe nation. Dr. Compton's article is the result of astudy conducted last summer and was delivered, inbut slightly expanded form, at a conference in Scars-dale, N.Y., last October.

U. S. Industrial Chemicals, Inc. 8 Contracts

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In our files are 163 letters commending uson the quality of our work, the speed of.our construction and its satisfactory cost- a guarantee of building well, fast andeconomically.

W. J. BARNEY CORPORATIONFounded 1917

101 Park Avenue, New York

INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTIONAllred T. Glan.II. '20, President

THE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW

FIRST 234000 VOLTPOWER CABLEIN THE u.s.!

Phelps Dodge to supply vital linkcarrying potential output of 400,000 kilowatts

for new Garrison Dam

Habirshaw pipe-type power cable will provide adependable and economical means of carrying thistremendous bulk of hydroelectric power at 230,000volts, from the powerhouse to the outdoor switch-ing stations at Garrison Dam, being constructed atRiverdale, N. D., by U. S. Army Corps of Engineers.

The cable, a product of Phelps Dodge CopperProducts Corporation,will consist of three 500,000circular mil copper conductors, insulated with 835mils of impregnated paper.

These insulated conductors willbe pulled intopipes, which will be filled with oil ata: pressure of200 pounds per square inch.

PHELPSDODGEmPPERPRoDU.CORPORATION

FEBRUARY, 1954 179

PU LV E R 1%1N G-~ ~ rltOee.AA ~ b~

BIG BUgrNEgS

4000 B.C.-they ground a few_., pounds at a time.

Today-this giant C-E RaymondMill pulverizes 40 tons an hour.

180

Thousands of years ago-bejore mcm began to recordhis own history-an unknowngenius learned to make {low'by crushing grain betweentwo rocks. Thus, this distantancestor laid one of the/il'stfirm foundation stones forour industrial oivilization.

1400 A.D.-some mechanization hasbeen added.

TODAY, literally thousands of the vital materialsof everyday life depend all pulverizing: Plastics,

for example - those magic resins whose uses seemnearly endless - as well as such diversified materialsas minerals, coal, cocoa, pigments, sugar, limestoneand face powder - to mention just a few.

Through its Raymond Division, Combustion hasbeen associated with this field since 1887. RaymondPulverizers have had long, successful histories han-dling such diverse materials as mentioned above andmany hundreds of others. Some are ground to nearinvisibility ... others are as coarse as a tenth of an inch!

But whatever the material ... whatever the product- C-E Raymond Pulverizers have achieved the pres-tige and wide acceptance common toall CombustionEquipment. For steam generating or fuel burningequipment ... for pulverizers ... for flash drying systems... for chemical recovery equipment ... even for castiron soil pipe and domestic water heaters - you canalways look to Combustion for the skill, the experienceand the facilities to meet your requirements exactly.

COMBUSTION ENGINEERING, INC.Combustion Engineering Iluilding

200 Madison Avenue, New York 16, N. Y.

BOILERS, FUEL IlURNING AND RELATED EQUIP-

MENT; PULVERIZERS, AIR SEPARATORS AND

FLASH DRYING SYSTEMS; PRESSURE VESSelS;

AUTOMATIC WATER HEATERS; SOIL PIPE. B·708

THE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW