Ecofriendly Green house farming

7/23/2019 Ecofriendly Green house farming.

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POLYHOUSETECHNOLOGY

Prepared by –Ranajeet Shanbhag,

Vigyan ashra ,Paba! ,P"ne



• The #r"its and $egetab!es are issing in the diet %# p%%rargina! &ndian be'a"se %# their %$era!! sh%rtage

(aj%rity %# #arers are n%t ready t% shi#t their 'r%p !and t%#r"its and $egetab!e '"!ti$ati%n, hen'e "nder s"'h '%nditi%np%!y h%"ses 'an be the %n!y ans)er #%r this*

+e need pr%%ti%n %# #r"its and $egetab!es '"!ti$ati%n #%rnan'ia! s"pp%rt t% the #arers and t%ta! #%%d se'"rity t% a!!

The p%!y h%"se te'hn%!%gies are ad$an'ed in &srae!, H%!!and,

Spain, &ta!y, -enya, S%"th .#ri'a, /apan and China* 0"t"n#%rt"nate!y "'h neg!e'ted in &ndia*

&ndia and H%!!and ha$ing %re %r !ess sae !and "nder1%)er '"!ti$ati%n b"t in )%r!d2s 1%)er e3p%rt, H%!!and2s'%ntrib"ti%n is 456 and &ndia2s '%ntrib"ti%n is j"st 76 %re$en !ess be'a"se %# ad$an'ed te'hn%!%gy %# p%!y h%"ses in

H%!!and* 2

WHY POLYHOUSE TECHNOLOGY ?



Gr%)th and hea!thy pr%d"'ti%n %# p!ants "nder'%ntr%!!ed #a$%rab!e '%nditi%ns in '!%sed %rpartia!!y '!%sed spa'e is 'a!!ed p%!yh%"se*

P%!yh%"se '%n'ept eerged t% "nderta8ead$erse en$ir%nenta! '%nditi%ns s"'h ase3'ess %# raining, high teperat"re, e3tree'%!d '%nditi%n, air 1%) et'*

3

Prin'ip!e %# theP%!yh%"se



.d$antages %# p%!yh%"se

1. Protection from excess rainfa! "in# c$rrent! scorc%in& s$ni&%t an#

extreme co# con#itions.2. 't can (e erecte# on $n)ro#$cti*e soi

3. Un#er minim$m s)ace one can %a*e maxim$m )ro#$ction of cro) )ants+. H$mi#it, is maintaine#

-. Ecient $se of CO2

/. 0inim$m a(or re$irement

. 0inim$m $se of "ater an# fertiiers4. 0axim$m $se of s)ace

5. 6 sin&e )erson can %a*e contro o*er t%o$san#s of )ants

17. 8iseases an# )ests can (e controe# easi,11. Water can (e $se# economica,12. Pro#$ction of cro) t%ro$&%o$t t%e ,ear

13. Protection from (ir#s! animas an# %$man acti*ities

1+. La(or cost is re#$ce#1-. 9$ait, of )ro#$ct is (est

+



TYPES O9

POLYHOUSES

1 Gass Ho$se

2 S%a#e Net

3 Po, Ho$se

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/



CON8'T'ONS 06'NT6'NE8 'N POLYHOUSE

There are $e di:erent types %# en$ir%nenta!paraeters

aintained in a p%!yh%"se*

• CO;

• Teperat"re

• Light

• H"idity

• .ir 9!%)



Li&%t is a most critica factor for )o, %o$se. T%e

(ri&%tness of i&%t is meas$re# in LU:. ;or %eat%,&ro"t% of cro) in )o, %o$se! minim$m re$irementof LU: is -7!777 to /7!777. 'n 'n#ia! i&%t LU: *ariesfrom +7!777 to 1!+7! 777 %ence in man, )arts ofo$r co$ntr, s$c% as 0a%aras%tra! <arnata=a! 0.P.t%e s$ni&%t is (ri&%t an# %as to (e re#$ce# (,$sin& s%e# net. We can re#$ce s$ni&%t 37>! -7>!->. T%e -7> s%e# net are common in 'n#ia.

4



6on& "it% t%e LU:! t%e "a*een&t% of i&%t is asoim)ortant. On t%e (asis of "a*een&t%! Li&%t is cassie#

into t%ree t,)es Utra *ioate i&%t "a*een&t% 7@+77nm!Aisi(e i&%t "a*een&t% +77@77nm! 'nfra i&%t"a*een&t% 77 on"ar#s.

;rom t%ese t%ree t,)es! )ants $se on, *isi(e i&%t for)%otos,nt%esis. 'n )o,%o$se tec%noo&, i&%t is

controe# in s$c% a "a, t%at )ant recei*e maxim$m*isi(e i&%t an# remainin& i&%t &et reBecte# (ac= i.e.o$tsi#e t%e )o,%o$se

5



TE(PR.TURE

9%r 1%)ers and $egetab!es hea!thy anda3i" gr%)th, the tep re<"ireentis bet)een ;=2C t% >52C d"ring day tie

and 7?2C t% 7@2C in night* The ste!e #rae)%r8 %# p%!y h%"se is '%$ered byp%!ythene hen'e inner tep* 'an rise "pt% A52C* T% '%ntr%! the tep inside the

p%!y h%"se, the $enti!ati%n as )e!! as'%%!ing pads and #ans are "sed* 0e'a"se%# this )e 'an ha$e '%ntin"%"s <"a!itypr%d"'ti%n %# herbs thr%"gh%"t the year*

17



HU0'8'TY

9%r 1%)ers and $egetab!es, and theirhea!thy and a3i" gr%)th, )e sh%"!dha$e pr%per h"idity* Re<"ireent %#

h"idity #%r 1%)er pr%d"'ti%n is =?6 t% @56and #%r $egetab!es it is =56 t% =?6

0e'a"se %# '%ntr%!!ed h"idity p!ant gr%)th

reain '%ntin"e, 1%)er gr%) )ith attra'ti$e'%!%rs and a#ter '"tting, their she!# !i#e a!s%in'reases* H"idity he!ps in '%!%r'%binati%n %# herbs, $egetab!e and 1%)ers*

11



&n %"r s"rr%"nding at%sphere CO; '%n'* is 5*5>6

eans >55pp* P!ants "se this CO; #%rph%t%synthesis* &n p%!y h%"se, d"ring night tiethere is n% ph%t%synthesis b"t CO; is gi$en %"t byrespirati%n* This CO; reain a''""!ated ar%"ndp!ants hen'e in night '%pare t% %"tside, p%!yh%"sea!)ays ha$e %re CO; '%n'*

This CO; is again "sed by p!ants gr%)ing in p%!yh%"se #%r rapid ph%t%synthesis*&t has been pr%$ed that i# p%!y h%"se ha$ing 7555pp%# CO;, then herbs, $egetab!es and 1%)er pr%d"'ti%nin'reases t% A t% ? ties %re '%pare t% n%ra!

'%nditi%ns* 12

C6DON 8' O:'8E



&# h"idity is %re in p%!yh%"se, then'han'es %# diseases and pest in'reases*Under s"'h '%nditi%n, side $ents %#p%!yh%"se are %pened t% pr%%te )ind%$eent in p%!yh%"se* 0e'a"se %# )ind%$eent the h"idity de'reases and'han'es %# diseases a!s% red"'ed*

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W'N8 0OAE0ENT



TYPES O9 POLYHOUSES

Uncontroe# @ "%ere on, to) )art isco*ere# "e FGH1

Partia, controe# @ "%ere )o,%o$se%as o)en an# cose# "in#o"FGH2

Com)ete, controe# @ "%ere "in#o"sare a(sent. 't is tota,Com)$terie#FGH3

1+



.tta'hed +hen it is atta'hed %r s"pp%rted by apart %# b"i!ding %r any type %# '%nstr"'ted

)a!!

Deta'hed +hen it is in #ree standingp%siti%n

C%nne'ted +hen se$era! p%!yh%"ses are j%ined t%gether in a series

1-

P%!yh%"ses are a!s% '!assied

int% > types



1/



TYPES O; POLYHOUSES

P%!yh%"ses ha$e di:erent shape and sies and%n this basis

they are '!assied in t% three types –

• 0arre! shaped

• Ridges and #"rr%) type

• Sa) t%%th type

Shape and sie $aries a''%rding t% the '!iati''%nditi%ns %# the

regi%nFC%"ntry

1



14



15



27



21



Se!e'ti%n %# site #%rp%!yh%"se

;oo"in& t%in&s are ta=en into acco$nt

1 T%e seection Site s%o$# (e free from )o$tion.

2 Water s%o$# (e a*aia(e re&$ar,

3 S$)), of eectricit, FT%ree )%ase s%o$# (e re&$ar

+ Soi s%o$# (e )ro)er, e*ee# an# #raine#- Po, %o$se s%o$# (e near to roa# si#e means )ro)er a))roac%a(e roa#m$st (e

t%ere to &o to )o, %o$se

/ Some s)ace s%o$# (e t%ere near(, for f$rt%er extension

Ex)ertise an# a(ors s%o$# (e a*aia(e "%en re$ire#.

Dire'ti%n %# P%!yh%"se

Po, %o$se s%o$# %a*e i&%t from a si#es an# "in# c$rrent s%o$# not#ama&e t%e)o,%o$se.

To o*ercome t%ese )ro(ems! Po, %o$se s%o$# (e )refera(, So$t%@Nort% in#irection. 22





Other Essentia!

things

7* Sh%"!d ha$e '%%! 'haber 52C t% a''""!ateand st%re the na! pr%d"'t*

;* +ater pH sh%"!d be bet)een ?*? t% 4 I e!e'tri''%nd"'ti$ity %# )ater sh%"!d be 5*57 t% 5*7

>* PH %# s%i! sh%"!d be bet)een ?*? t% =*? ande!e'tri' '%nd"'ti$ity 5*= t% 5*@*

2+



• .#ter '%nstr"'ti%n %# p%!y h%"ses, it is '%$eredby seitransparent sheet )hi'h 'an be a p%!y!, .'ry!i', p%!ythene, %r p%!y'arb%nate

ateria!* Use %# p%!y ! is %re pr%tab!e*

• P%!y ! pr%te't UV rays t% enter in p%!y h%"se,transparen'y is bet)een @56 t% J%6* Ga"ge

$aries ;55 t% @55 i'r%n* P%!y ! 'an t%!erate?52C and its !i#e span is ab%"t three years* 7 8gp%!y ! '%$ers ?*>@ s< area %# a p%!y h%"se*

2-

(ateria! "sed #%r shading



Preparati%n %# s%i!

9%r p%!y h%"se, s%i! has t% be prepared"nder stri't s"per$isi%n* 9irst the 1%%r is!e$e!ed pr%per!y and then raise beds areprepared "sing red s%i!, ne sand and )e!!de'%p%sed '%) d"ng %r '%'%Kpit* s%i! isdisin#e'ted "sing #%ra!in s%!"ti%n and

then "sed #%r gr%)ing the 'r%ps* Cr%ps 'anbe gr%)n dire't!y %n the beds %r in p%ts*

2/



&RR&G.T&ON (ETHODS

There are si3 di:erent eth%ds %# irrigati%n as #%!!%)s7 Hand )atering Used #%r p%tted p!ants "sing H%se pipe and

sh%)er; T"be (eth%d .d$an'ed and "sed #%r p%tted p!ant> O$er head Sprin8!ers .d$an'ed in )hi'h N%!es are

%"nted %n risers* G%%d #%r gr%"nd beds* Sprin8!ers 'ana!s% be in s"spended p%siti%n ab%$e the p!ant

A Drip &rrigati%n .!s% 'a!!ed &2 &rrigati%n* &n this eth%d the

)ater is gi$en t% p%tted p!ants by drip eth%d at desiredinter$a!? (ist Syste This syste pr%$ide the )ater in the #%r %#

$ery ne spray* The ists are pr%d"'ed #r% sprin8!erstted )ith n%!es ha$ing $ery ne nan% p%res

= P%!ythene t"bing &n this eth%d the per#%rated p!asti'

pipes are "sed t% )ater the p!ants gr%)ing %n the beds*The p%!ythene t"bing 'an a!s% be "sed bet)een the r%)s

(i'r%n"trients are gi$en thr%"gh irrigati%n systePesti'ides are "sed by spray eth%ds %r thr%"gh irrigati%n

2



P!ants "sed in p%!y h%"sete'hn%!%gy are K

9!%ri'"!t"re Doses! Orc%i#s! Ger(era! 6ster! Liies! 0ari&o#! Carnation! C%r,sant%em$m! 6nt%$ri$m etc*

Vegetab!es 0ost, exotic s$c% as 6s)ara&$s! roccoi!r$sses! S)ro$ts! S$as% F$cc%ini! Ceer,!C%err,@Tomato! C%inese ca((a&e! Lee=! Lett$ce!

Parse, etc.

Lands'ape P!ants 6n# a t,)es of s%a#e o*in& )ants or foia&e

)ant "%ic% re$ire minim$m i&%t for%eat%, &ro"t%.

P%!yh%"se is a!s% "sed #%r gr%)ing the seed!ing and hardening%# tiss"e '"!t"re p!ants*

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Gerbera gr%)n in P%!yh%"se*

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Vigyan AshramPabal, Dist. Pune - 412403

MAHARAH!RA,"#D"A.

Ph$ne #$. % 0213& 2'232(e-mail % )a*abal+gmail.$m

37

9%r %re in#%rati%n'%nta't

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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Ecofriendly Green house farming