Ecology and Biome Review

Vocabulary

Characteristics that help and organism survive

Adaptations

Organisms that eat both plants and animals

Omnivores

A region of the earth that is characterized by the climate and

organisms that live there Biome

A relationship in which both organisms benefit from each

otherMutualism

A diagram that shows a single pathway of energy flow

Food chain

Living factors in an environment

Biotic

Organisms that feed on dead animals

Scavengers

Name the Biome!

Cold Desert, permafrost

• Tundra

Most Biodiversity

• Tropical Rain forest

Freshwater meets saltwater

Estuary

Wet and dry season

Grasslands

Hot day, cold night

Desert

Leaves change colors

• Deciduous Forest

Evergreens, Snow, Pine trees

Taiga, Coniferous forest

Lichen, moss, snowy owl

Tundra

Nutrient-poor soil, wet

Tropical Rain forest

Most abundant producer in the ocean

Phytoplankton

Which of the following statements about savannas is

true?

a. During the wet season, they receive little rain.

b.Their inhabitants include large herbivores.c. They are characterized by steep mountains.d.They are characterized by having 4 seasons.

during the year.

a. During the wet season, they receive little rain.

b.Their inhabitants include large herbivores.

c. They are characterized by steep mountains.

d.They are characterized by having 4 seasons. during the year.

The first type of organism in any food chain is a _______.

Producer

What type of consumer cannot be the primary consumer?

Carnivore

____ are the main abiotic factors that determine the type of biome

found in a region.a. Rainfall and temperature

b. Shade and wildlife

c. Temperature and elevation

d. Soil color and acidity

____ are the main abiotic factors that determine the type of biome

found in a region.a. Rainfall and temperature

b. Shade and wildlife

c. Temperature and elevation

d. Soil color and acidity

What type of diagram shows how energy is lost as you move up a

food chain?

Energy Pyramid

The most biologically diverse biome is the

a. swamp.

b. grassland.

c. tundra.

d. tropical rain forest.

The most biologically diverse biome is the

a. swamp.

b. grassland.

c. tundra.

d. tropical rain forest.

Which of the following describes the location of the tundra biome?a. East coast of the U.S.

b. Just north of the United States

c. North of Canada

d. Central America

Which of the following describes the location of the tundra biome?a. East coast of the U.S.

b. Just north of the United States

c. North of Canada

d. Central America

Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn.

a. coniferous c. deciduous

b.permafrost d. abiotic

Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn.

a. coniferous c. deciduous

b.permafrost d. abiotic

Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in winter by

a. growing spines.

b. staying green year-round.

c. hibernating.

d. losing their leaves.

Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in winter by

a. growing spines.

b.staying green year-round.

c. hibernating.

d.losing their leaves.

____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose their

leaves in autumn.a. Coniferous

b. Deciduous

c. Tropical

d. Abiotic

____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose their

leaves in autumn.a. Coniferous

b. Deciduous

c. Tropical

d. Abiotic

The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually

a. nutrient rich and fertile.

b. swampy and rich

c. nutrient poor.

d. has permafrost

The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually

a. nutrient rich and fertile.

b. swampy and rich

c. nutrient poor.

d. has permafrost

A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered clumps of trees.

a. prairie c. pampas

b.savanna d. steppe

A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered clumps of trees.

a. prairie c. pampas

b.savanna d. steppe

Salt and fresh water mix in

a. an estuary. c. a coral reef.

b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

Salt and fresh water mix in

a.an estuary. c. a coral reef.

b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

In temperate deciduous forests,

a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to survive the cold winter.

b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the forest floor.

c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.

d.All of the above

In temperate deciduous forests,

a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to survive the cold winter.

b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the forest floor.

c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.

d.All of the above

Tropical rain forests contain

a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy above the forest floor.

b.vines that climb tall tree trunks for support.

c. many low-growing plants that do not require a lot of light.

d.All of the above

Tropical rain forests contain

a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy above the forest floor.

b.vines that climb tall tree trunks for support.

c. many low-growing plants that do not require a lot of light.

d.All of the above

Which biome has the highest average yearly rainfall?

a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest

b.coniferous forest d. grassland

Which biome has the highest average yearly rainfall?

a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest

b.coniferous forest d. grassland

Which biome has the lowest average yearly rainfall?

a. desert c. Taiga

b.savanna d. coniferous forest

Which biome has the lowest average yearly rainfall?

a.desert c. Taiga

b.savanna d. coniferous forest

A role an organism plays in it’s environment is called a ______

Niche

A group of the same species that occupy an area are called a

______

Population

The study of how organisms interact with one another and their environment is called

_____.

Ecology

The area in which an organism lives is called it’s _______.

Habitat

Organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring are

called __________.

Species

List three diagrams that show how energy flows throughout an

ecosystem

Energy web, Food chain, and an energy pyramid

Which biome includes animals who have adapted to burrowing

themselves underground to escape direct sunlight during the day and come out during the cold night to

hunt for food?

Desert

What types of abiotic factors can influence water biomes?

Water flow speed, depth, distance from shore, temperature, salinity,

etc.

What is the difference between a food web and a chain?

Food webs show many pathways of energy flow and chains show

one pathway.

What is an adaptation of animals found in the grassland biome?

-Grazing in herds do decrease the probability of becoming prey-Speed to catch prey or to get away from predators-Camo-Hiding in tall grass-Etc.

• Which biome is characterized by the poorest soil?

a)Tropical Rainforest

b) Grassland

c)Savanna

d)Temperate Deciduous Forest

• a)Tropical Rainforest

• Which biome has 90 centimeters of rainfall per year?

a)Desert

b)Grassland

c)Temperate Deciduous Forest

d)Tropical Rainforest

b)Grassland

Describe the biome

• This park marks a transition period between two major biomes of North America. Shannon has collected growth data on the following trees: pine, spruce, fir, oak, hickory, and maple. Based upon the types of trees that she has collected data from, which two biomes have overlap zones in Riverside National Park?

• Temperate Deciduous Forest and Taiga

• Diane has seen Caribou foraging in tall dense forests of conifer trees as well as grazing on an abundance of lichen and moss on flat open areas of land. Diane is most likely studying the caribou along a border that marks the transition between two different biomes. Which two biomes are these?

• Tundra and Taiga

• Complete the following analogy:

• High Salinity: Marine :: Mix of high and low salinity: _________________________

• Estuary

• Lake

• Pond

• Ocean

• Estuary

• Which of the following is NOT true of the desert biome?

• A. Desert plants have shallow branching roots• B. They have the highest rainfall of any biome• C. Desert animals burrow underground or are

nocturnal• D. Deserts can be hot during the day and cold at

night

B. They have the highest rainfall of any biome

• Which of the following is NOT true about the Taiga biome?

• A. Taiga animals migrate or hibernate during the long winter months

• B. Taiga plants have cone shapes and needles to avoid snow accumulation

• C. Coniferous trees like pine, spruce, and fir are the dominant types of vegetation

• D. Deciduous trees like oak, elm, and hickory are the dominant types of vegetation

• Deciduous trees like oak, elm, and hickory are the dominant types of vegetation

• In the Tundra, snowshoe hares and arctic lemmings both feed on lichen and moss. Which of the following best identifies the relationship between the snowshoe hares and the arctic lemmings?

• A. Competition

• B. Symbiosis

• C. Mutualism

• D. Predator/Prey

A. Competition

• In the rainforest, trees and other plants compete for sunlight. Which of the following best defines the sunlight?

• A. limited resource

• B. nonrenewable resource

• C. habitat

• D. niche

• D. niche

• Lichen is an association between a fungus and algae. In the association, lichen receives food in the form of the products of photosynthesis from the algae. The algae receives shelter and water from the fungus. This relationship is best defined as

• A. mutualism.• B. parasitism• C. commensalism• D. competition

• A. mutualism.

• Around hot-water vents deep in the ocean live specialized communities. Bacteria turn hydrogen sulfide into sugars by a chemical process. The bacteria then provide food to other life forms, as shown in the diagram. Compared to food chains on land, the bacteria fill the same role as _______________________.

• a. Consumers

• b. Producers

• c. Decomposers

• d. Heterotrophs

• b. Producers

• Which of the following is true of temperate deciduous forests?

• A. They are found near the equator

• B. They have the highest rainfall of any biome

• C. They undergo seasonal changes in temperature

• D. They have the highest species richness of any biome

• C. They undergo seasonal changes in temperature

• How energy moves through an ecosystem can be represented by

a. food chains. c. food webs.

b.energy pyramids. d. All of the above

• d. All of the above

• Which of the following is the correct order in a food chain?

• a. sun ® producers ® herbivores ® carnivores® decomposers

• b. sun ® consumers ® predators ® parasites ® hosts

• c. sun ® producers ® decomposers ® consumers ® omnivores

• d. sun ® carnivores ® herbivores ® scavengers ® decomposers

• a. sun ® producers ® herbivores ® carnivores® decomposers

• This biome has four distinct seasons- spring, summer, winter, and fall

• Temperate deciduous forest

• Is covered by sand dunes or rocky soil. It is hot during the day and cold at night.

• desert

• This biome has the most biodiversity than any other land biome.

• Tropical rainforest

• Animals of this biome have adapted to graze in herds.

• Savanna/grassland

• low growing plants found in this biome have adapted to survive with little amounts of sunlight due to the large trees that block the sunlight.

• Tropical rainforest

• Northern most biome that does not receive enough rain to support trees and too cold for roots to grow deep into the soil.

• tundra

• Some animals in this biome have large fatty tissues that store large amounts of water so the organism may stay hydrated.

• desert

• Animals of this biome are mostly nocturnal (come out at night) or burrow into the ground to conserve water.

• desert

• Trees are cone shaped to prevent snow accumulation.

• taiga