Economic Contribution of Business Events in Canadian Cities · Vancouver Convention Centre Vancouver Hotel Destination Association 1.3 Process to Establish Spending Prior to conducting

Economic Contribution of Business Events in Canadian CitiesCanadian Economic Impact Study 3.0 (CEIS 3.0), 2012 Base Year

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Economic contribution of businEss EvEnts in canadian citiEs: Canadian Economic Impact Study 3.0 (CEIS 3.0), 2012 Base Year

Highlights

■ Analysis of the economic contribution of business event activity at a metropolitan level was limited to 6 cities who were part of the direct sponsorship group for the overall study: Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa.

■ In aggregate, these 6 cities accounted for just over 41 per cent of the 585,000 plus business events that occurred in Canada during 2012. Meanwhile, these cities collectively drew in over 17.3 million participants—nearly 50 per cent of the 35.3 million participants who attended business events in 2012.

■ The spending associated with business events in these 6 cities amounted to $16.2 billion, or 56 per cent of the total $29 billion attributed to business event activity in Canada that year.

■ Of the 6 cities, Toronto was found to host the most business events and account for the largest number of participants. Business events in Toronto were also attributed with the greatest spending—$5.2 billion.

■ Perhaps not surprisingly, the economic contribution analysis found that the benefits associated with business events were largest for Toronto. This finding extended to include employment, the level of wages and salaries paid as well as the contributions to gross domestic product (GDP) and taxes.

■ Overall, business events in Toronto supported nearly 57,000 full-year jobs across Canada with just under 40,000 benefiting Toronto residents. Based on the total employment across all industries, business events support 1.3 per cent of employment in Toronto.

■ The study found that business events in each of the other cities also had a significant impact on the corresponding local and provincial economy as well as extending benefits into other regions of the country.

■ In terms of the contribution that business events had on employment in the country, Vancouver trailed only Toronto, with just under 39,000 full-year jobs supported. This was followed by Montreal at just under 28,000 and Calgary at just over 24,000. Meanwhile, business events in Edmonton supported 18,000 full-year jobs nationally with Ottawa at just over 16,000.

■ Focussing solely on the share of local employment that is supported by business events, Vancouver registered the highest share at 2.2 per cent, followed by Calgary and Edmonton at 2.0 per cent and 1.6 per cent, respectively. Meanwhile Ottawa and Montreal registered lower shares of local employment supported at 1.3 per cent and 1.1 per cent, respectively.

■ Business events contribute significantly to the tax base of Canada in many ways. In fact, the economic contribution analysis found that business events in these 6 cities contributed over $4.6 billion in taxes across all levels of government. Most of those taxes, were stimulated by economic activity that occurred within the 6 cities themselves. As with the other economic contribution measures, Toronto led with business events in contributing $1.6 billion in taxes, most of which ($1.2 billion) were stimulated by

Economic Contribution of Business Events in Canadian CitiesCanadian Economic Impact Study 3.0 (CEIS 3.0), 2012 Base Year

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economic activity that occurred within Toronto. Following Toronto was Vancouver which contributed over $920 million in taxes, with $751 million stimulated by local economic activity. Meanwhile, business events in Montreal, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa contributed a total of $648 million, $613 million, $456 million and $435 million, respectively, in taxes across all levels of government.

1.0 Background

1.1 OverviewThe primary purpose of this report is to compile, analyze and describe business events activity at the sub-provincial level in 6 Canadian cities and to convey its economic contribution on the corresponding local and provincial economies as well as into other regions of the country. The introduction and methodology sections of the previous CEIS 3.0 report, Profile of Meetings in Canada: 2012 Base Year, describes in detail the overall study approach and the design of sampling and data collection plans for the current CEIS 3.0 study. As noted therein, as in 2006 first prototype study, the CEIS 3.0 results were obtained through a combination of an ambitious primary data collection plan and economic analysis: using the first-of-its kind prototype survey research specifically tailored to capture meetings activity data from both the “demand-side” constituencies (delegates, exhibitors, and speakers) and the industry “supply-side” (meeting organizers, venue managers, and destination marketing organizations), and economic modeling that framed the results in a customized Meetings Accounting Framework. The accounting framework is based on, and conceptually linked with how tourism data are officially reported - the Tourism Satellite Account. The economic contribution analysis reveals the direct contribution as well as the indirect and induced impacts of business meetings on the local, provincial and Canadian economy. Primary research consisted of six online sample surveys of six distinct business meetings related populations: three key demand-side meeting market segments—delegates, speakers and exhibitors; and three supply-side industry constituencies—meeting organizers, venue managers, and destination marketing organizations/CVBs. The targeted overall sampling goals of approximately 2,400 completed demand-side surveys for this study represented a significant increase over the sampling goals of the 2006 CEIS study in order to support MPIFC’s objectives of extending the CEIS analysis down to the regional and municipal levels. The economic analysis presented in this report reflects one of the specific leading edge developmental objectives of the CEIS 3.0 project, that being to extend the analysis of the economic contributions of business events down to the municipal level. For this purpose, based on sponsorship support from the relevant destination management organizations, six major municipal destinations were selected for this innovative extension of the economic assessment of meetings activity in Canada: Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa.

1.2 AcknowledgementsMPI and the research team are pleased to acknowledge the particular support of the following DMO organizations for sponsoring this innovative municipal level analysis aspect of this important study. Without their financial support and for their support in distributing, or enabling distribution, of online survey questionnaires to their constituents and partners, the insights revealed from this new leading edge level of analysis provided in this first-ever municipal level report on the economic contribution of meetings activity in Canada would not have been possible.

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■ Edmonton Tourism ■ Meetings & Conventions Calgary ■ Metro Toronto Convention Centre ■ Ottawa Tourism* ■ Tourism Toronto ■ Tourisme Montréal ■ Tourism Vancouver ■ Travel Alberta ■ Vancouver Convention Centre ■ Vancouver Hotel Destination Association

1.3 Process to Establish SpendingPrior to conducting the economic contribution analysis using input-output based models and methods, spending profiles were produced to represent each of the various sources of business events activity in Canada. The various sources that contribute to business events activity in Canada include participants (delegates, exhibitors, speakers and others), meeting planners, meeting venues, destination management organizations (DMO’s) and non-participants that provide sponsorships or other financial support. For participants, spending profiles were generated using primary survey data collected from this study. The spending profiles reflect typical average expenditures incurred by type of participant, type of meeting, geographic proximity of the participant to the meeting location and the location of the meeting itself. The spending profiles were applied against the estimated volume of business events activity and the number of participants. The numbers of business events were determined primarily by using weighted tabulations of the Venue survey. Meanwhile, the categories of revenues and expenditures associated with business events were provided by the Meeting Organizer survey. The Meeting Organizer survey was also used to identify the geographic proximity breakdown of attendees to business events as well as providing a benchmark to adjust meeting participant spending on registration and exhibition fees. The Meeting Organizer survey was also instrumental in determining the extent to which business events relied on non-participant spending. The average spending profiles related to exhibitor displays were provided by responses to the Exhibitor survey. These profiles were also broken down to reflect type of meeting and location of meeting. Once again, the volume of business associated with this activity was determined through weighted tabulations of the Venue survey.The allocation of meeting/registration fees to specific commodity categories involved utilizing the revenue and expenditure breakdowns provided by the Meeting Organizer survey that relate to specific business event categories. While the share of meeting expenditures that went to independent meeting organizers was tracked through the survey, expenditures associated with the efforts of corporate meeting organizers needed to be imputed. The imputation assumed that for corporate meeting organizers, the value of output (meeting organizing) has an “equal market value for equal output” to that witnessed for independent organizers. The assessment of output was based on the number of meeting participants, by type of meeting and meeting venue.

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While the revenues and expenditures of organizing meetings were obtained from the Meeting Organizer survey, the revenues and expenditures associated with running an independent meetings organizer business were not captured. Therefore no production function was available that associates the organizing of meetings within a company whose primary business activity is organizing meetings. The lack of a production function also extends to businesses whose major activity does not include the organizing of meetings. 1

Meanwhile, the production function associated with Meeting Venues was available from the Venue survey. In this case, the derivation of expenses for venues utilized the results of the survey rather than rely on its closest defined industry in the input-output accounts, that being “Lessors of Real Estate”.Since input-output based models require that spending be presented in terms of what the producer actually receives, the next step involved converting spending on a “purchaser price” basis to that of producer’s prices. To convert “purchaser prices” to “producer’s prices” involved accounting for retail, wholesale, transportation and tax margins. As well, prior to determining the domestic demand for goods and services, a separate adjustment was required to account for direct imports.Once the final adjustments were made, the spending estimates could be simulated using an input-output based model to generate the direct, indirect and induced economic contribution of business event activity. The specific indicators used to convey the economic contribution of business events include GDP, wages, employment and taxes by source and level of government. For a more technical description regarding the input-output methodology used in this study please see Appendix A in the National and Regional Impact Report. Meanwhile, for more details regarding the terminology used in this report please see Appendix B in the National and Regional Impact Report.The economic contribution of business event activity at a metropolitan level was limited to 6 cities that were part of the direct sponsorship group for the overall study: Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa. Best efforts were undertaken to achieve as many completed surveys in each of these metropolitan areas as possible. Resultant sample sizes and associated data were sufficient for limited high level analysis without disaggregation by meeting type or other details. Notwithstanding this assessment the need for caution should be noted in interpreting the metropolitan level results. We feel strongly that the data is directionally valid and the approach undertaken to derive inputs and the resulting impact models are sound; however, with small sample sizes there exists a higher potential risk for volatility in the data. As such, please interpret the results with a degree of caution.

2.0 Business Events Activity and Spending in Canadian Cities

2.1 Comparison of Business Events Activity Across Canadian CitiesThe following table presents a comparison of both the number of business events and the number of participants attending business events in each of the 6 cities highlighted in the study. In aggregate, the 6 cities combined to host over 41 per cent of the total 585,439 business events that took place in Canada during 2012.

1 To deal with the lack of a production function specifically associated with the function of meeting organizing, we chose to model the activity using the closest defined industry classification in the input-output accounts, that being “Facilities and other support services”. This industry classification was also used to model the activity associated with DMO’s since the industry category includes “Convention and Trade Show organizers”, NAICS code 56192.

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Business events in Toronto attracted over 5.7 million participants. This was followed by Vancouver at just under 3.3 million and Calgary at 2.4 million. Business events in Montreal drew in 2.3 million participants followed by Edmonton with 1.8 million. Among the 6 cities, Ottawa was found to attract the fewest participants. In aggregate, the 6 cities combined to host nearly 50 per cent of the total 35.3 million participants that attended business events in Canada during 2012.

Table 1: Comparison of Business Event Related Spending Across Canadian Cites (2012)

SOuRCE Of SPEnding VAnCOuVER CAlgARy EdmOnTOn TOROnTO OTTAwA mOnTREAl

Number of Business Events 38,845 33,026 28,610 71,461 26,269 42,790

Share of Business Events 6.6% 5.6% 4.9% 12.2% 4.5% 7.3%

Number of Attendees 3,264,105 2,454,885 1,780,183 5,752,205 1,744,459 2,335,970

Share of Attendees 9.2% 7.0% 5.0% 16.3% 4.9% 6.6%

2.2 Comparison of Business Events Spending Across Canadian CitiesThe following table presents a comparison of the business event related spending across the 6 cities highlighted in the study. Among the 6 cities, business event spending in 2012 was highest in Toronto, at $5.2 billion. The level of spending attributed to business events in Toronto represents nearly 18 per cent of all business event related spending in Canada during that same year.Meanwhile, business event spending in Vancouver was estimated at $3.5 billion, or 12.2 per cent of all spending in Canada. This was followed by Calgary at $2.4 billion and Montreal at $1.9 billion. Edmonton and Ottawa followed with $1.8 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively, in attributed business event spending.

Table 2: Comparison of Business Event Related Spending Across Canadian Cites (2012)


Participants $3.0 billion $2.2 billion $1.7 billion $4.5 billion $1.2 billion $1.4 billion

Non-Participants $546 million $159 million $119 million $675 million $187

million $507 million

DMO’s $4.3 million $2.1 million $2.3 million $6.4 million $1.8 million $4.7 million

Total Business Event Related Spending

$3.5 billion $2.4 billion $1.8 billion $5.2 billion $1.4 billion $1.9 billion

Share of Total Spending 2 12.2% 8.2% 6.1% 17.8% 4.9% 6.7%

2 The percentages shown reflect the share of spending attributed to business events in each of the 6 cites compared to the total spending of business events in Canada. Collectively, business event spending in the six cities shown account for 55.9 per cent of the total spending associated with business events in Canada.

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2.3 Business Events Spending (by Commodity) The table below captures the spending associated with business events using an accounting framework that organizes and accounts for business event spending into six broad categories that comprise tourism and other tourism-related commodities, as well as additional categories associated with meeting commodities and other meeting-related commodities. When viewed from this perspective, it is clear that the largest share of spending associated with business events is attributed to tourism commodities. Compared to the total spending associated with business events, the share that is attributed to meetings commodities ranges from a high of 36 per cent, in the case of Montreal, to a low of 22 per cent in the case of Calgary and Edmonton. For Calgary and Edmonton, a much larger share of spending tends to be attributed to tourism commodities.

Table 3: Total Business Event demand Across Canadian Cities ($millions - 2012)


Meeting Commodities $1,058.0 $525.6 $389.4 $1,474.0 $414.4 $709.1

Registration Fees $544.8 $384.1 $283.1 $840.0 $239.6 $219.5

Other meeting fees and contributions

$513.1 $141.5 $106.3 $634.0 $174.8 $489.6

Tourism Commodities $2,284.8 $1,718.8 $1,281.7 $3,404.4 $928.4 $1,149.0

Transportation $1,036.4 $804.6 $605.8 $1,469.8 $380.4 $504.0

Air $715.3 $579.7 $441.8 $1,026.0 $251.0 $323.4

Rail $12.3 $3.8 $3.4 $27.3 $8.1 $19.2

Other $308.8 $221.1 $160.6 $416.6 $121.3 $161.4

Accommodation $667.5 $500.0 $367.7 $1,033.9 $293.0 $385.4

Food & Beverage Services $405.8 $323.0 $234.1 $653.0 $192.7 $206.6

Other Tourism commodities $175.1 $91.2 $74.2 $247.6 $62.3 $53.0

Recreation and Entertainment $151.7 $86.9 $70.9 $214.7 $54.7 $46.6

Travel Services $23.4 $4.3 $3.2 $32.9 $7.6 $6.4

TOTAl MEETiNg AND TOuRiSM COMMODiTiES

$3,342.8 $2,244.4 $1,671.1 $4,878.4 $1,342.8 $1,858.1

Other commodities (tourism related)

$158.8 $109.7 $85.3 $240.7 $67.2 $73.2

Other commodities (meeting related)

$37.1 $19.8 $15.1 $47.0 $14.2 $17.1

Total Business Event demand $3,538.6 $2,373.9 $1,771.5 $5,166.1 $1,424.2 $1,948.4

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3.0 Economic Contribution of Business Event Activity in Canadian Cities

The following figures compare the economic contributions of business events for each of the 6 cities featured in this study. The economic contribution analysis is presented using a few of the most common economic impact indicators including employment, wages and salaries, GDP and taxes. The following figures also illustrate the degree to which expanding the impact area also increases the overall economic contribution associated with business events. In this respect, the narrowest discussion of economic contributions is associated with the local area. Additional benefits of business events extend into both other parts of the province and other regions of Canada primarily through supply side linkages.The figures presented in this section provide a high level summary of the combined direct, indirect and induced economic contribution of business event activity for each of the 6 cities. Readers can refer to Appendix A-F to see a breakdown of the economic contribution of business events in each of the 6 cities identifying the direct, indirect and induced impact phases separately. It should be noted that the economic contribution analysis reported for each of the 6 cities is driven only by business events that occurred in each city. In reality, it is likely that economic activity in each of these 6 cities will also benefit, to some extent, from business event activity occurring in other parts of the province or country through indirect business linkages. The incremental economic contributions associated with these business linkages are not captured in this analysis.

3.1 Comparison of Employment Supported by business events in Canadian Cities

The following graph shows that business event activity in Toronto supports a total of nearly 57,000 full-year jobs in Canada with nearly 40,000 of these being within Toronto itself. For Vancouver, business events support nearly 39,000 full-year jobs in Canada with just under 29,000 in Vancouver. Meanwhile, business events in Montreal support nearly 28,000 full-year jobs across Canada, with nearly 22,000 in Montreal. In terms of the employment at a national level, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa are attributed with supporting 24,200, 18,000 and 16,100 full-year jobs respectively.

Employment Supported by Business Events

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000

Vancouver

Calgary

Edmonton

Toronto

Ottawa

Montreal

VAnCOuVER CAlgARy EdmOnTOn TOROnTO OTTAwA mOnTREAl

local Area 28,797 15,051 10,868 39,551 9,122 21,548

Rest of Province 5,314 5,785 4,582 12,812 6,164 3,899

Rest of Canada 4,885 3,381 2,513 4,374 853 2,314

Total 38,996 24,216 17,963 56,736 16,139 27,761

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The following graph shows that the local employment supported by business event activity in Vancouver represents 2.2 per cent of the employment in Vancouver (CMA). Interestingly, the share of local employment supported as a result of business events tends to decline as we move from the west to the east. In part, this is likely to be attributed to higher transportation costs associated with Western Canadian cities and a higher share of international attendees¬-those who spend more and stay longer. In the case of Toronto and Montreal, the lower share also reflects the reality that in these large cities, employment tends to be quite diverse and, as a result, less reliant on any one sector. For Ottawa, the lower share reflects the fact that a lower share of indirect and induced benefits exist from supply side linkages that occur in the local area, particularly in the area of goods production.

Employment Supported by Business Events

2.2%2.0%

1.6%

Share of Total Employment

1.3% 1.3%1.1%

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1.5

2.0

2.5

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Calg

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Edm

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Ott

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3.2 Comparison of wages supported by business events in Canadian CitiesThe following graph shows the level of wages and salaries supported by business event activity in each of the 6 cities. Business events in Toronto led the way by supporting over $3.0 billion in wages and salaries for Canada, with over $2.0 billion paid to residents of Toronto. For Vancouver, business events contributed just under $2.0 billion in wages and salaries for Canadians, with nearly $1.4 billion paid to local residents. Business events in Calgary contributed nearly $1.4 billion in wages and salaries across Canada, with over $790 million to local residents. In terms of their contribution to wages and salaries for Canadian residents, business events in Montreal, Edmonton and Ottawa are each attributed with contributing $1.3 billion, $1.0 billion and $850 million, respectively.

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wages Supported by Business Events ($millions)

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Vancouver

Calgary

Edmonton

Toronto

Ottawa

Montreal


local Area 1,390 792 550 2,061 421 935

Rest of Province 290 373 316 709 383 196

Rest of Canada 292 216 161 248 49 142

Total 1,972 1,381 1,027 3,018 853 1,273

3.3 Comparison of gdP contributed by business events in Canadian CitiesThe following graph shows that business event activity in Toronto contributed a total of $4.7 billion in GDP for Canada with nearly $3.1 billion for Toronto itself. For Vancouver, business events contributed $3.2 billion in GDP for Canada with $2.1 billion for the local economy. Meanwhile, business events in Calgary contributed nearly $2.3 billion in GDP for Canada, with nearly $1.3 billion for the local economy. In terms of their contribution to the GDP of Canada overall, business events in Montreal, Edmonton and Ottawa are each attributed with contributing $1.9 billion, $1.7 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively.

gdP Supported by Business Events ($millions)

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Vancouver

Calgary

Edmonton

Toronto

Ottawa

Montreal


local Area 2,135 1,253 863 3,052 576 1,339

Rest of Province 490 663 562 1,111 646 331

Rest of Canada 547 376 280 506 93 256

Total 3,172 2,292 1,705 4,669 1,315 1,926

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3.4 Comparison of taxes contributed by business events in Canadian CitiesThe following graph shows that business event activity in Toronto contributed nearly $1.6 billion in taxes. Most of those taxes ($1.2 billion) were stimulated by economic activity that occurred within Toronto. Business events in Vancouver contributed over $920 million in taxes, with $751 million stimulated by local economic activity. Meanwhile, business events in Montreal, Calgary, Edmonton and Ottawa contributed a total of $648 million, $613 million, $456 million and $435 million, respectively, in taxes across all levels of government.

Total Taxes Contributed by Business Events ($millions)

0 400 800 1200 1600

Vancouver

Calgary

Edmonton

Toronto

Ottawa

Montreal


local Area 751 429 305 1,238 292 540

Rest of Province 86 124 107 231 129 65

Rest of Canada 87 60 45 81 15 43

Total 924 613 457 1,550 435 648

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Appendix A Economic Contribution of Business Events in Vancouver

Table 4: Employment Supported by Business Events Activity (2012)

imPACT PHASE VAnCOuVER BC CAnAdA

Direct impact 3 21,129 22,236 22,236

indirect impact 4,917 7,508 10,288

induced impact 2,750 4,366 6,471

Total impact 28,796 34,110 38,995

Table 5: wages Supported by Business Events Activity ($millions - 2012)


Direct impact $941.9 $1,011.8 $1,011.8

indirect impact $290.0 $425.8 $596.0

induced impact $158.1 $242.3 $364.4

Total impact $1,390.0 $1,679.9 $1,972.2

Table 6: gdP generated by Business Events Activity ($millions - 2012)


Direct impact $1,261.7 $1,370.7 $1,370.7

indirect impact $458.3 $678.8 $989.0

induced impact $414.7 $575.0 $811.3

Total impact $2,134.7 $2,624.5 $3,171.1

3 For the economic contribution analysis, the spending associated with business events at the metropolitan level was assumed to occur within the respective province. As a result, direct impacts were limited to the local area and the province (which explains the identical (or nearly identical in the case of taxes) direct impact values reported for the province and Canada in total in this table and all those following it. Any associated economic contributions that occur outside the resident province are generated through supply chain linkages depicted in the indirect and induced impact phase.

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Table 7: Total (direct, indirect and induced) Taxes generated by Business Events Activity (2012)

CATEgORy Of TAx VAnCOuVER BC CAnAdA

income Tax $127.7 $148.1 $148.8

Corporate Tax $50.9 $60.7 $77.0

Social Security Contributions $131.8 $152.8 $183.2

Federal Sales Tax (gST/HST) $159.8 $164.1 $164.1

Provincial Sales Tax (PST/QST/HST) $117.2 $120.6 $120.6

Other Federal & Provincial Taxes $101.8 $117.6 $141.8

Municipal Taxes $61.9 $73.2 $88.1

Total $751.0 $837.0 $923.6

lEVEl Of gOVERnmEnT VAnCOuVER BC CAnAdA

Federal $382.7 $423.5 $458.9

Provincial/Territorial $306.4 $340.3 $376.6

Municipal $61.9 $73.2 $88.1

Total $751.0 $837.0 $923.6

Appendix B Economic Contribution of Business Events in Calgary

Table 8: Employment Supported by Business Events Activity in Calgary (2012)

imPACT PHASE CAlgARy AlBERTA CAnAdA

Direct impact 4 12,101 13,693 13,693


induced impact 945 2,311 3,839

Total impact 15,051 20,835 24,216



Direct impact $583.9 $702.0 $702.0

indirect impact $142.4 $314.5 $439.2

induced impact $65.4 $148.3 $239.2

Total impact $791.7 $1,164.8 $1,380.4


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Direct impact $820.2 $1,022.6 $1,022.6

indirect impact $243.5 $544.6 $750.2

induced impact $189.1 $348.8 $518.7

Total impact $1,252.8 $1,916.0 $2,291.5

Table 11: Total (direct, indirect and induced) Taxes generated by Business Events Activity ($millions - 2012)

CATEgORy Of TAx CAlgARy AlBERTA CAnAdA

income Tax $90.1 $124.5 $125.1

Corporate Tax $30.7 $45.9 $57.1






Total $428.9 $552.3 $612.5

lEVEl Of gOVERnmEnT CAlgARy AlBERTA CAnAdA

Federal $271.3 $334.7 $358.8


Municipal $38.4 $54.8 $65.6

Total $428.9 $552.4 $612.5

Appendix C Economic Contribution of Business Events in Edmonton

Table 12: Employment Supported by Business Events Activity in Edmonton (2012)

imPACT PHASE EdmOnTOn AlBERTA CAnAdA

Direct impact 5 8,685 10,145 10,145



Total impact 10,869 15,450 17,963


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Direct impact $412.4 $521.8 $521.8

indirect impact $92.0 $233.8 $326.7

induced impact $46.1 $110.3 $178.0

Total impact $550.5 $865.9 $1,026.5



Direct impact $573.9 $760.4 $760.4

indirect impact $155.7 $405.1 $558.3

induced impact $133.1 $259.6 $386.1

Total impact $862.7 $1,425.1 $1,704.8


CATEgORy Of TAx EdmOnTOn AlBERTA CAnAdA

income Tax $62.9 $93.0 $93.5

Corporate Tax $21.1 $34.2 $42.5






Total $305.2 $411.7 $456.5

lEVEl Of gOVERnmEnT EdmOnTOn AlBERTA CAnAdA

Federal $194.6 $249.4 $267.4


Municipal $26.6 $40.8 $48.8

Total $305.1 $411.7 $456.5

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Appendix d Economic Contribution of Business Events in Toronto

Table 16: Employment Supported by Business Events Activity in Toronto (2012)

imPACT PHASE TOROnTO OnTARiO CAnAdA

Direct impact 6 31,092 34,021 34,021



Total impact 39,551 52,362 56,736



Direct impact $1,477.7 $1,680.1 $1,680.1

indirect impact $365.1 $677.3 $824.4

induced impact $218.0 $411.9 $513.0

Total impact $2,060.8 $2,769.3 $3,017.5



Direct impact $1,929.9 $2,220.7 $2,220.7

indirect impact $583.1 $1,083.1 $1,383.7

induced impact $538.8 $858.6 $1,064.2

Total impact $3,051.8 $4,162.4 $4,668.6


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CATEgORy Of TAx TOROnTO OnTARiO CAnAdA

income Tax $267.0 $335.9 $337.2

Corporate Tax $78.0 $104.9 $120.5






Total $1,237.9 $1,468.9 $1,549.7

lEVEl Of gOVERnmEnT TOROnTO OnTARiO CAnAdA

Federal $588.7 $695.7 $728.5


Municipal $91.4 $119.2 $133.0

Total $1,237.9 $1,469.0 $1,549.6

Appendix E Economic Contribution of Business Events in Ottawa

Table 20: Employment Supported by Business Events Activity in Ottawa (2012)

imPACT PHASE OTTAwA OnTARiO/QuEBEC CAnAdA

Direct impact 7 7,852 9,746 9,746

indirect impact 745 3,388 3,887


Total impact 9,123 15,285 16,139



Direct impact $349.1 $477.4 $477.4


induced impact $27.2 $124.7 $144.3

Total impact $420.7 $803.9 $853.0


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Direct impact $421.0 $628.9 $628.9


induced impact $85.9 $265.0 $299.3

Total impact $575.8 $1,221.7 $1,315


CATEgORy Of TAx OTTAwA OnTARiO/QuEBEC CAnAdA

income Tax $57.5 $94.4 $94.7

Corporate Tax $14.8 $30.7 $33.5






Total $291.9 $420.5 $435.4

lEVEl Of gOVERnmEnT OTTAwA OnTARiO/QuEBEC CAnAdA

Federal $138.7 $198.0 $204.1


Municipal $18.9 $34.8 $37.3

Total $291.9 $420.4 $435.2

Appendix f Economic Contribution of Business Events in montreal

Table 24: Employment Supported by Business Events Activity in montreal (2012)

imPACT PHASE mOnTREAl QuEBEC CAnAdA

Direct impact 8 16,794 17,601 17,601



Total impact 21,547 25,447 27,761


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Direct impact $681.1 $727.6 $727.6

indirect impact $166.4 $259.8 $338.4

induced impact $87.1 $143.2 $206.7

Total impact $934.6 $1,130.6 $1,272.7



Direct impact $864.0 $942.0 $942.0

indirect impact $269.5 $426.0 $561.9

induced impact $205.4 $301.9 $421.8

Total impact $1,338.9 $1,669.9 $1,925.7


CATEgORy Of TAx mOnTREAl QuEBEC CAnAdA

income Tax $142.1 $163.3 $164.9

Corporate Tax $31.5 $38.5 $46.6






Total $540.1 $604.9 $647.7

lEVEl Of gOVERnmEnT mOnTREAl QuEBEC CAnAdA

Federal $210.4 $234.6 $251.4


Municipal $37.6 $44.9 $52.3

Total $540.1 $604.9 $647.8

Documents

Economic Contribution of Business Events in Canadian Cities · Vancouver Convention Centre Vancouver Hotel Destination Association 1.3 Process to Establish Spending Prior to conducting