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Economics of Livestock Production and
Management
Book · January 1996
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poultry Iiner; and the feed supplementation with molasses and
urea that are cheap sources of energy and nitrogen.1Y Sial et.
a!. (1988) have further pointed out that straw treatment with
alkali could increase its nutritive Vii.1ueby about 20'ft -30'Jr; one
kg of molasses per animal per day has been estimated to make
available up to 0.80 kg of TON per animal per day. However,
the farm households who maintain most of the livestock do not
have the needed resources and technical know how to adopt these
technologies.A c10sel il)ok at the Department of agricultural extension
reveals that act ivities of the extt'nsion workers, if any, are mostly
concentrated on food and cash crops for the dissemination of
~cientific knowledge to enhance crop productivities. Green
fodders, as important inputs of the livestock sector, do not
rect:ive much attention in their scheme of activities. There exists
an enormous unreal ized potential even in the case of existing
fodder crops. Table 2.2 shows that in the case of Sorghum the
farmers are exploiting only 36 percent of the potential yield
obtained at the research stations. Present farm level yields can
be imprmed upto 44 percent, 38 percent, SO percent and SO.percent in the cases of Berseem. Maize, B. N. Hybrid and S. S.
Hybrid. respectively with proper dissemination of extension
ad\'ice to the farmers.
,'ISla!. M.A .. M. Z. Alam and G. Ali. (1988). LivestockFeed Resources and Requirement Scenario of Pakistan. Oa'iryProduction Potential and Challenges, Proceedings of a National
- ~eminar Held in Faisalabad, 29-30 May.
t1
__ 29 --------=--_1
Range Management
Table 2.2 Producti\ itv levels of various fodder crops
Source: Chaudhry. M. H. (1983). Developments in FodderProduction in Punjab. Progressive Farming, Vol. 3, NO.4.
Farmers Field (MT)Research Stations (MT/acre)Crops
Berseem 50.00 22.20Sorghum 25.90 9.25tvlaize 29.60 11. 10B.N. Hybrid 60.00 30.005.5. Hvbrid 50.00 25.00
<O\10hammad, N., Rakhshan Rohi and C. M. Anwar Khan(1985). Desert Rangeland Rehabilitation in Pakistan. PakistanAgriculrure. July 1985.
Most of our livestock is presently being supported by.rangelands. For example. Sheep and Goats obtain more than 60percenr. of their feed from rangeland; 40 perCent of feed forhorses. donkeys and Camels; an.d 5 percent Cattle feed intakecomes from this source, which sums to 13 percent of the totalfeed available for rhe livestock.lO Moreover, grazing ofriverain areas and tlood plains also contribute a significantamounr of TON. JI Co'nsequently, there is a strong need to
lIF\O/World Bank (1974). Pakistan Livestock Surveyl~ep()n. Rome.
30
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