Ecosystems and Biomes Ecology The study of living things and their environment

Ecosystems and Biomes

Ecology

The study of living things and their environment

http://www.scilinks.org/fromoutside.asp?sciLINKSNumber=scn-0521&type=student


Graphic Organizer

Water Living space

Autotrophs

Heterotrophs

Food & water

need

made by

eaten by

to provide

Food

Living Things

Homeostasis

Shelter



Some of the things that Living things need are

1) Biotic: Living/once living (Food)

2) Abiotc: Nonliving (water)



Levels of Organization of Living Things



Levels of OrganizationThe smallest level of organization is a single organism, which belongs to a population that includes other members of its species.

Living Thingsand the Environment



Levels of OrganizationThe population belongs to a community of different species.




Levels of OrganizationThe community and abiotic factors together form an ecosystem.




Earth’s Major Cycles

That effect living things



The Water Cycle

- Cycles of Matter

The processes of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation make up the water cycle.



The Carbon and Oxygen CyclesIn ecosystems, the processes by which carbon and oxygen are recycled are linked. Producers, consumers, and decomposers play roles in recycling carbon and oxygen.

- Cycles of Matter



The Nitrogen Cycle

- Cycles of Matter

In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen moves from the air to the soil, into living things, and back into the air.



Food Chains, Webs, and Energy Pyramids



Food Chains and Food WebsThe movement of energy though an ecosystem can be shown in diagrams called food chains and food webs.

- Energy Flow in Ecosystems


Ecosystems and Biomes- Ocean Habitats

Ocean Food WebThis ocean food web includes typical organisms found in the Arctic Ocean. The arrows indicate what each organism eats.



Energy Flow in Ecosystems

The amount of energy available decreases as you move up the pryamid



Earth’s Biomes

Land and Aquatic



Rain Forest BiomesTemperate rain forests receive a great deal of rain and have moderate temperatures.

- Biomes


Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes

Rain Forest BiomesTropical rain forests are wet, warm biomes that contain an amazing variety of plants and other organisms.



Desert BiomesA desert is an area that receives less than 25 centimeters of rain per year.



Grassland BiomesA grassland is an area that is populated mostly by grasses and other nonwoody plants.



Deciduous Forest BiomesMany of the trees in the deciduous forest are deciduous trees, which shed their leaves and grow new ones each year. A deciduous forest receives at least 50 centimeters of precipitation each year. Temperatures vary greatly through the year.

- Biomes



Boreal Forest (Tiaga) BiomesMost of the trees in the boreal forest are coniferous trees, trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles. Winters in the boreal forest are cold and very snowy, but summers are warm and rainy enough to melt all the snow.

- Biomes



TundraThe tundra is an extremely cold and dry biome. Most of the soil in the tundra is permafrost, which is frozen all year.



Character-istic

Comparing and ContrastingAs you read, compare and contrast the different biomes by completing a table like the one below.

Warm all year

- Biomes

Tropical Rain Forest

TundraTemperate Rain Forest

Desert GrasslandDeciduous Forest

Boreal Forest

Tempera-ture

Precipit-ation

Typical organisms

Cold all year

Cool winters, warm in summer

Usually hot with great daily extremes

Temps vary throughout the year

Warm in summer, cold in winter

Warm to cool in summer, cold in winter

Wet all year Dry all yearRather wet all year

Dry all yearMostly dry with a wet season

Moderate rainfall

Abundant rain and snow

Orangutan Mosses Mule deerGamble’s quail

Grasses Red fox Lynx



Marine EcosystemsThe ocean is home to a number of different ecosystems. Factors such as water temperature and the amount of sunlight determine what types of organisms can live in each zone.

- Aquatic Ecosystems



Marine EcosystemsThe ocean is home to a number of different ecosystems. Factors such as water temperature and the amount of sunlight determine what types of organisms can live in each zone.

- Aquatic Ecosystems



RiversHeadwaters

Tributary

Flood Plain

Meander

Mouth

Ocean

Delta



How can an Ecosystem Change?

Succession



Primary succession is the

series of changes that occur in

an area where no soil or organisms exist.

Changes inCommunities

Primary Succession



Secondary SuccessionSecondary succession is the series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist.

Changes inCommunities



Climate Change

Human Impact on the environment



What Is Pollution?Water pollution is the addition of any substance that has a negative effect on water or the living things that depend on the water.

- Freshwater Pollution



Water Pollution

Wastes produced by households, agriculture, industry, mining, and other human activities can end up in water.

Water Pollutionand Solutions



Effects of PollutantsA very small amount of a pesticide in water can build up to harmful levels in living things.




Pollution SolutionsPeople can prevent or clean up pollution in many ways.




Global Climate ChangeThe trapping of heat near Earth’s surface is called the greenhouse effect.

Global Changesin the Atmosphere


Documents

Ecosystems and Biomes Ecology The study of living things and their environment