Ecuador p. 23 rape and violence to women re: Assange Wikileaks asylum application

7/31/2019 Ecuador p. 23 rape and violence to women re: Assange Wikileaks asylum application

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BMRDLHP


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6/38

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7/38

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BMRDLHP 6

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\fb pbercdp mhrp| }y}|bk |pibl kh}| lbgboldo|}# dc|fhref }hkb ioliebohr} ephrz}|pibl kbk`bp} iolbzbolbo|cy ghp wihcd|iho} hg |pi`dc cdu/ Uficb |fb cdu dol |fbmho}|i|r|iho pbmheoi~b ioliebohr} mhkkroi|ib}% pief| |h bvbpmi}b |fbip huo }y}|bk}hg nr}|imb `d}bl ho |fbip |pdli|iho} dol mr}|hk}# |fby lh oh| }zbmigy fhu |fi} pief|i} |h `b ikzcbkbo|bl/ \fi} zdpdccbc }y}|bk pdi}bl trb}|iho} hg `h|f nrpi}lim|iho dolmhoghpki|y ui|f |fb pief| |h d gdip |pidc# d} ubcc d} |fb zh}}i`ici|y hg iomho}i}|bo|pb}rc|} `b|ubbo }y}|bk}/

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hp mfdpeb |fb }dkb lbgboldo| ui|f liggbpbo| mpikb} io hplbp |h mho|iorb lb|dioioe|fb zbp}ho/ Io dlli|iho |fb mho}|i|r|iho zcdmb} |fb Zph}bmr|hp Ebobpdc%} Hggimbui|fio |fb nrlimidc `pdomf dol rolbp i|} }rzbpwi}iho# eiwioe |fb Nrlimidc Mhromicbvmcr}iwb zhubp |h |pdio# bwdcrd|b# dol }dom|iho zph}bmr|hp}/ \fi} nrlimidc hwbp}ief||fpbd|bobl zph}bmr|hpidc iolbzbolbomb hwbp ufimf md}b} |h iowb}|ied|b dol mfdpeb/Rolbp |fb mrppbo| }y}|bk# }hkb zph}bmr|hpidc lbmi}iho} kdy `b }r`nbm| |h pbwibu`y d kdei}|pd|b d| do dlwbp}dpidc bwilbo|idpy fbdpioe mholrm|bl lrpioe |fbiowb}|ied|iwb zfd}b hg |fb |pidc/ MZM pbghpk} dikbl d| zphwilioe mpikiodczphmblrpdc zph|bm|iho dc}h mpbd|bl d mhkzcbv# }hkb|ikb} mhogr}ioe# }y}|bk dol}chubl |fb nrlimidc zphmb}} `y pb|dioioe wb}|ieb} hg |fb hcl iotri}i|hpidc }y}|bk#ufimf pbtripbl |fd| mbp|dio kd||bp} `b }r`ki||bl io upi|ioe/ ]hkb zph|bm|iho} ghplbgboldo|} iompbd}bl/ Ghp bvdkzcb# rz |h 0: zpbzdpd|iho fbdpioe} &}ikicdp |h dzpbcikiodpy fbdpioe) iomcrlioe prcioe ho kh|iho} pbcd|bl |h bwilbo|idpy kd||bp} dpbzh}}i`cb `bghpb |fb dm|rdc |pidc zphmbblioe}/

Zhci|imdc Zpi}hobp} dol Lb|diobb}

\fbpb ubpb oh pbzhp|} hg zhci|imdc zpi}hobp} hp lb|diobb}/

Miwic Nrlimidc Zphmblrpb} dol Pbkblib}

Miwicido mhrp|} dol |fb Dlkioi}|pd|iwb Mhogcim|} \pi`rodc# ebobpdccy mho}ilbpbliolbzbolbo| dol ikzdp|idc# fdolcb cdu}ri|} }bbaioe ldkdeb} ghp# hp mb}}d|iho hg#frkdo pief|} wihcd|iho}/ Fhubwbp# miwicido cdu}ri|} }bbaioe ldkdeb} ghp dccbebluphoe} `y |fb }|d|b ubpb pdpbcy gicbl# }iomb }rmf }ri|} ubpb |ikb+mho}rkioe dolliggimrc| |h zph}bmr|b# ui|f nrleb} |daioe rz |h d lbmdlb |h prcb ho |fb kbpi|}/


11/38

BMRDLHP 44

g/ Dpì|pdpy Io|bpgbpbomb ui|f Zpiwdmy# Gdkicy# Fhkb# hpMhppb}zholbomb

\fb mho}|i|r|iho dol |fb cdu zphfiì| }rmf dm|iho}# dol |fb ehwbpokbo| ebobpdccypb}zbm|bl |fb}b zphfiì|iho} io zpdm|imb/

]bm|iho 0 Pb}zbm| ghp Miwic Ci`bp|ib}# Iomcrlioe>

d/ Gpbblhk hg ]zbbmf dol Zpb}}

\fb mho}|i|r|iho zphwilb} ghp gpbblhk hg }zbbmf dol hg |fb zpb}}# `r| |fbehwbpokbo| pb}|pim|bl |fb}b pief|} io zpdm|imb/ Wbp`dc dol cbedc d||dma} dedio}| |fbzpb}} `y Zpb}ilbo| Mhppbd dol fi} ehwbpokbo| mho|iorbl lrpioe |fb ybdp/ \fb

pbcd|iho}fiz `b|ubbo |fb zpb}} dol |fb ehwbpokbo| mho|iorbl |h lb|bpihpd|b# dol|fbpb ubpb pbzhp|} hg iolipbm| mbo}hp}fiz dol }bcg+mbo}hp}fiz/ Lrpioe |fb ybdp}bwbpdc ubcc+aohuo |bcbwi}iho dol pdlih zhci|imdc mhkkbo|d|hp} pb}ieobl# zr`cimcyd||pi`r|ioe |fbip lbmi}iho} |h ehwbpokbo| zpb}}rpb ho |fbip kblid hr|cb|}/

Ebobpdccy# ioliwilrdc} mhrcl mpi|imi~b |fb ehwbpokbo| zr`cimcy hp zpiwd|bcy ui|fhr|pbzpi}dc/ Fhubwbp# i| i} iccbedc |h |fpbd|bo hp io}rc| |fb zpb}ilbo| hp bvbmr|iwb`pdomf# dol wihcd|hp} mdo `b pbzpikdolbl ui|f }iv kho|f}% |h |uh ybdp}%ikzpi}hokbo| hp d giob hg ,47 |h ,55/ Uficb |fb iolbzbolbo| kblid pbkdiobldm|iwb dol bvzpb}}bl d uilb wdpib|y hg wibu}# iomcrlioe |fh}b mpi|imdc hg |fbehwbpokbo|# |fb OEH Khoi|hpioe Ob|uhpa hg \fpbd|} |h Zpb}} Gpbblhk pbzhp|bl424 md}b} hg fdpd}}kbo| &|fpbd|}# d||dma}# hp dppb}|}) dedio}| nhrpodci}|} hp h|fbppbzpb}bo|d|iwb} hg |fb zpb}}/

Ho Ndordpy 45# roilbo|igibl zbp}ho} `phab io|h |fb fhkb hg Dcgpblh Obepb|b# |fbbvbmr|iwb lipbm|hp hg |fb Bmrdlhpido D}}hmid|iho hg Nhrpodci}|}/ Uficb |fb fhr}bud} mdpbgrccy }bdpmfbl# hocy i|bk} hg ci||cb wdcrb ubpb ki}}ioe/

Ho Ndordpy 05# zhcimb lb|diobl Mdpch} Nrcih ]hcdoh oiob fhrp} ghp }rzzh}blcy

kdaioe do h`}mbob eb}|rpb d| |fb zpb}ilbo| uficb fb bvi|bl d |bcbwi}iho }|d|iho/Zpb}ilbo| Mhppbd cd|bp dzhchei~bl ghp |fb d`r}b} hg |fb zhcimb/

D Kdpmf = Io|bp+Dkbpimdo Zpb}} D}}hmid|iho pbzhp| d}}bp|bl |fd| |fb ehwbpokbo|"pblhr`cbl i|} hggbo}iwb" dedio}| zpb}} gpbblhk/ Dmmhplioe |h |fb 0::9 Pbzhp| hg|fb Io|bp+Dkbpimdo Mhkki}}iho ho Frkdo Pief|}% }zbmidc pdzzhp|brp ghp gpbblhkhg bvzpb}}iho# "Bmrdlhp fd} }bbo d pi}ioe mcikd|b hg zhcdpi~d|iho io ufimf d||dma}


12/38

BMRDLHP 40ho dol |fpbd|} dedio}| nhrpodci}|} dol kblid hr|cb|} hg dcc bli|hpidc zh}i|iho} fdwbiompbd}bl/"

Ho Kdpmf 4=# Zpb}ilbo| Mhppbd bomhrpdebl mi|i~bo} |h hpedoi~b dol hwbp}bb |fbdm|iwi|y hg kblid hr|cb|} dol zphkh|b cdu}ri|} dedio}| nhrpodci}|} ufh}b dm|iwi|ib}kdy wihcd|b frkdo pief|}/

Ho Kdy 47# d nhrpodci}| gphkBc Kbpmrpih obu}zdzbp io |fb mi|y hg Kdo|d ud}dccbeblcy d}}drc|bl `y zhcimb hggimbp} dol |dabo io|h mr}|hly ghp khpb |fdo do fhrpghp pbgr}ioe |h fdol hwbp fi} mdkbpd/ \fb nhrpodci}| ud} mhwbpioe d mdp dmmilbo| iodo dpbd ufbpb zhcimb r}bl |bdp ed} |h mho|phc do iomilbo|/

Io Nrob dol Nrcy# lrpioe |fb `phdlmd}| hg |fb ]hmmbp Uhpcl Mrz kd|mfb}# |fbehwbpokbo| pdo d kblid mdkzdieo dedio}| |fb zpb}}# pbgbppioe |h kblid hr|cb|} d}

mhpprz| dol lbciotrbo|/ \fb mdkzdieo gbd|rpbl bvzpb}}iho} }rmf d} "oh`hly`bcibwb} |fbk doykhpb" dol ikdeb}# }rmf d} d }odab nrkzioe hr| hg |fb |bcbwi}iho}mpbbo/ ]bwbpdc kblid hr|cb|} pbtrb}|bl |fd| |fb ehwbpokbo| mcdpigy ufh ubpb |fb|dpeb|} hg |fb dmmr}d|iho/ Ho Nrcy 9# |fb od|ihodc cbedc }bmpb|dpy# Dcbvi} Kbpd#}|d|bl |fd| |fb ehwbpokbo| ud} oh| cbedccy h`cied|bl |h pb}zhol |h |fb}b iotripib}/

Ho Nrob 02# d od|ihouilb ehwbpokbo| `phdlmd}| mpi|imi~bl Nhpeb Hp|i~ hg\bcbdkd~hod} ghp kdaioe }|d|bkbo|} mpi|imdc hg Zpb}ilbo| Mhppbd lrpioe fi}|bcbwi}iho }fhu ho Nrob 0:/ \fb ehwbpokbo| pbtripbl |fd| i|} `phdlmd}| `b }fhuolrpioe Hp|i~%} ciwb |bcbwi}iho zphepdk ho Nrob 02/ \bcbdkd~hod} cd|bp dzhchei~blghp fdwioe ki}pbzhp|bl |fb ioghpkd|iho ho ufimf Hp|i~ `d}bl fi} mhkkbo|}/ Hp|i~%}zphepdk ud} }r}zbolbl ho Nrcy 0=# dol fb pb}ieobl gphk \bcbdkd~hod} ho Drer}|06/

Ho }bwbpdc hmmd}iho}# mphul} hp ioliwilrdc} ui|fio mphul} d}}drc|bl dol ybccblio}rc|} d| nhrpodci}|} mhwbpioe d zph|b}| hp bwbo|/ \fbpb dc}h ubpb d gbu fief+zphgicbmd}b} hg iolipbm| mbo}hp}fiz hg |fb kblid `y |fb ehwbpokbo|/

Zpb}ilbo| Mhppbd pbercdpcy r}bl fi} ubbacy pdlih dol |bcbwi}iho dllpb}} dol h|fbp

zr`cim dzzbdpdomb} |h mpi|imi~b |fb kblid# trb}|iho i|} mhkzb|bomb dolzphgb}}ihodci}k# dol dmmr}b i| hg `id}# gpbtrbo|cy odkioe }zbmigim pbzhp|bp} dolhr|cb|}/ ]bwbpdc nhrpodci}|} dol ioliwilrdc} iowhcwbl io chmdc zpb}} d}}hmid|iho}pbzhp|bl |fd| Mhppbd%} "}y}|bkd|im" wbp`dc d||dma} dedio}| |fb kblid mpbd|bl "dfh}|icb bowiphokbo| ghp nhrpodci}|}/" \fby dc}h oh|bl }ikicdp `bfdwihp bvfi`i|bl `yh|fbp fief+cbwbc ehwbpokbo| hggimidc}/ Nhrpodci}|} }|d|bl |fd| |fb}b d||dma} mdr}bl|fbk |h zpdm|imb }bcg+mbo}hp}fiz/


13/38

BMRDLHP 4=

Ho Dzpic 2# 0: bli|hpidci}|} hg |fb ehwbpokbo|+pro obu}zdzbpBc \bcbepdghpb}ieobl# d}}bp|ioe |fd| |fb obu}zdzbp mbo}hpbl mho|bo|/

\fbpb ubpb dc}h io}|domb} hg |fb ehwbpokbo| r}ioe cbedc kbmfdoi}k} |h pb}|pim| |fbkblid# iomcrlioe r}b hg ci`bc cdu} |h }rzzpb}} mpi|imi}k/ Ho Kdpmf 07# d nrleb}bo|bombl nhrpodci}| Bkicih Zdcdmih |h }bpwb |fpbb ybdp} io zpi}ho dol zdy d,4:#::: giob ghp fdwioe hggbolbl ehwbpokbo| hggimidc Mdkich ]dkdo io do dp|imcbbo|i|cbl "Mdkich# |fb @rccy" |fd| ud} zr`ci}fbl io Drer}| 0::9/ Zdcdmih dzzbdcbl|fb lbmi}iho `d}bl ho d Kdy 04 mhrp| prcioe b}|d`ci}fioe |fd| |fb nrleb ufhmhowim|bl Zdcdmih lil oh| fdwb nrpi}lim|iho |h prcb ho |fb md}b/ @bghpb |fb dzzbdcud} pb}hcwbl# ]dkdo ui|flpbu |fb mfdpeb}/

Ghcchuioe rz d Kdy 0::9 drli| mhkki}}iho bvdkiod|iho hg pdlih dol |bcbwi}iho

gpbtrbomy mhomb}}iho}# io Drer}| |fb Mhkz|phccbp Ebobpdc%} Hggimb i}}rbl d pbzhp|kdaioe pbmhkkbold|iho}1 fhubwbp# |fb}b pbzhp|} fdl ci||cb bggbm| ho |pdo}ki}}iho}/

Ho Ndordpy 0:# dr|fhpi|ib} lphzzbl mfdpeb} dedio}| Eidomdpch ^roioh dol GbcivZicmh# ufh ubpb dppb}|bl dol lb|diobl io Hm|h`bp 0::9 ho mfdpeb} hg "}bzdpd|i}k#"}|bkkioe gphk zcdmdpl} mpi|imdc hg |fb zpb}ilbo| |fd| |fby fdl froe io Erdydtric/

Io 0::9 |fb ehwbpokbo| iowb}|ied|bl |fb iolbzbolbo| |bcbwi}iho }|d|iho\bcbdkd~hod} ghp `phdlmd}|ioe dccbebl ki}ioghpkd|iho d`hr| ed} bvzchpd|iho ho|fb i}cdol hg Zrod/ \fb iowb}|ied|iho pb}rc|bl io d 50+fhrp }r}zbo}iho hgzphepdkkioe io Lbmbk`bp 0::9/ &\bcbdkd~hod} ud} dc}h }dom|ihobl ghp |uh h|fbp`phdlmd}|} io 0::9/) Ho Gb`prdpy =# \bcbdkd~hod} uho do dzzbdc `bghpb dzphwiomidc mhrp|# ufimf hplbpbl |fb ehwbpokbo| |h mhkzbo}d|b |fb }|d|iho ghp |fb}r}zbo}iho hg zphepdkkioe/ \fb }rzbpio|bolbo| hg |bcbmhkkroimd|iho} dzzbdcbl|fi} lbmi}iho |h |fb Mho}|i|r|ihodc Mhrp|/ Ho Ohwbk`bp 46# |fb Mho}|i|r|ihodcMhrp| hwbp|rpobl |fb prcioe hg |fb zphwiomidc mhrp|/ \bcbdkd~hod} fd} |fb pief| |hgicb d obu dzzbdc/

Io Lbmbk`bp 0::9 |fb Hggimb hg |fb ]rzbpio|bolbo| hg \bcbmhkkroimd|iho}

&]RZBP\BC) doohrombl |fd| |fb pdlih }|d|iho Cd Wh~ lb Dpr|dk# `phdlmd}|ioe ioKhphod ]do|ideh Zphwiomb |h |fb ]frdp ioliebohr} mhkkroi|y# uhrcl ch}b i|}gpbtrbomy pief|} ghp iomi|ioe wihcbomb lrpioe ioliebohr} zph|b}|} io ]bz|bk`bp0::9 |fd| cbl |h |fb lbd|f hg @h}mh Ui}rkd# d ]frdp zph|b}|bp/ \fb }|d|ihodzzbdcbl |fb lbmi}iho dol ch}|/ Fhubwbp# ho Ndordpy 07# |fb Od|ihodc Mhromic hg\bcbmhkkroimd|iho} pbwbp}bl i|} lbmi}iho |h mch}b lhuo |fb pdlih }|d|iho dolio}|bdl pbgbppbl |fb md}b |h |fb Zph}bmr|hp Ebobpdc%} Hggimb ghp d mpikiodc


14/38

BMRDLHP 4


15/38

BMRDLHP 42

Dmdlbkim Gpbblhk dol Mrc|rpdc Bwbo|}

\fbpb ubpb oh ehwbpokbo| pb}|pim|iho} ho dmdlbkim gpbblhk hp mrc|rpdc bwbo|}/

`/ Gpbblhk hg Zbdmbgrc D}}bk`cy dol D}}hmid|iho

Gpbblhk hg D}}bk`cy

\fb mho}|i|r|iho zphwilb} ghp gpbblhk hg zbdmbgrc d}}bk`cy# dol |fb ehwbpokbo|ebobpdccy pb}zbm|bl |fi} pief| io zpdm|imb# dc|fhref }hkb bvmbz|iho} hmmrppbl/Zr`cim pdccib} pbtripbl zpihp ehwbpokbo| zbpki|}# ufimf ubpb ebobpdccy epdo|blui|f }hkb bvmbz|iho}/

Ho Dzpic =:# fief }mfhhc }|rlbo| Vdwibp Edccdplhch}| fi} byb uficb zph|b}|ioe |fbiompbd}b hg |fb zpimb hg kica/ Zpbcikiodpy zhcimb pbzhp|} ubpb romcbdp ufb|fbp |fbmdr}b ud} d zhcimb pr``bp `rccb| hp d }|hob/ Io Kdy |fb wimb zpb}ilbo| doohrombl|fd| |fb ehwbpokbo| uhrcl fbcz |fb }|rlbo| ui|f dcc kblimdc mdpb dol d zph}|fb}i}/Do iowb}|ied|iho mho|iorbl d| ybdp%} bol/

Ho Nrcy 2# |fb zph}bmr|hp%} hggimb hzbobl do iowb}|ied|iho hg ioliebohr} cbdlbp}Kdpcho ]do|i dol Lbcgio \bob}dmd ghp mcd}fb} ui|f zhcimb mdr}bl `y zph|b}|bp}lrpioe lbkho}|pd|iho} }rpphrolioe |fb @hciwdpido Dccidomb hg |fb Dkbpimd}%}rkki| io H|dwdch# Ik`d`rpd Zphwiomb/ \fb md}b ud} zbolioe d| ybdp%} bol/

Io Nrcy d ehwbpokbo| iowb}|ied|iho io|h |fb lbd|f hg @h}mh Ui}rkd# aiccbl io]bz|bk`bp 0::9 lrpioe d ]frdp ioliebohr} zph|b}|# ghrol |fd| Ui}rkd libl hgzbccb| uhrol} }ikicdp |h |fh}b mdr}bl `y ioliebohr} ubdzho} r}bl ghp fro|ioe#|fbpb`y bvhobpd|ioe zhcimb gphk |fb aiccioe/ D Gpbomf ghpbo}im} }zbmidci}|mholrm|bl |fb dr|hz}y ui|f ehwbpokbo| dol ioliebohr} pbzpb}bo|d|iwb} zpb}bo|/Ioliebohr} Od|ihodc D}}bk`cy kbk`bp} dol cbdlbp} pbnbm|bl |fb iowb}|ied|ihopb}rc|}# mcdikioe |fd| zhcimb aiccbl Ui}rkd dol |fd| |fb iowb}|ied|iho ud}zhci|imdccy iogcrbombl/ D| |fb pbmhkkbold|iho hg |fb Od|ihodc D}}bk`cy# |fb \pr|f

Mhkki}}iho hpedoi~bl |uh bvzbp| iowb}|ied|iho}# hob `dcci}|im dol hob ghpbo}im/\fb iowb}|ied|iho} lb|bpkiobl |fd| Ui}rkd ud} aiccbl `y d zbccb|# iolimd|ioe |fd| i|ud} oh| d zhcimb `rccb| `r| pd|fbp mdkb gphk |fb mphul hg zph|b}|bp}/

Gpbblhk hg D}}hmid|iho


16/38

BMRDLHP 47\fb cdu zphwilb} ghp gpbblhk hg d}}hmid|iho# dol |fb ehwbpokbo| ebobpdccypb}zbm|bl |fi} pief| io zpdm|imb/

\fb ehwbpokbo| `bedo pbtripioe pbpbei}|pd|iho hg hpedoi~d|iho} `d}bl ho d 0::6lbmpbb |fd| zphwilb} |fb ehwbpokbo| li}mpb|iho |h li}}hcwb hpedoi~d|iho} &iomcrlioemiwic }hmib|y# ghrold|iho}# dol mfrpmfb}) ho krc|izcb ephrol}# iomcrlioemhkzphki}ioe |fb io|bpb}|} hg |fb }|d|b# oh| zh}|ioe |fb odkb} hg dcc hg |fbipkbk`bp} ho d zr`cim Ub` }i|b# hp oh| zphwilioe dmmb}} |h ioghpkd|iho pbtrb}|bl `y|fb ehwbpokbo|/ ]hkb ephrz} ghrol zdp|imrcdpcy hobphr} do io|bpzpb|d|iho |fd|uhrcl pbtripb d |bo+ghcl iompbd}b io |fb kioikrk d}}b| pbtripbkbo| |h pbei}|bp/

m/ Gpbblhk hg Pbcieiho

Ghp d mhkzcb|b lb}mpiz|iho hg pbcieihr} gpbblhk# zcbd}b }bb |fb 0:4: Io|bpod|ihodc

Pbcieihr} Gpbblhk Pbzhp|d|uuu/}|d|b/ehw(e(lpc(ipg(pz|/

l/ Gpbblhk hg Khwbkbo|# Io|bpodccy Li}zcdmbl Zbp}ho}# Zph|bm|iho hgPbgrebb}# dol ]|d|bcb}} Zbp}ho}

\fb cdu zphwilb} ghp gpbblhk hg khwbkbo| ui|fio |fb mhro|py# ghpbieo |pdwbc#bkiepd|iho# dol pbzd|pid|iho# dol |fb ehwbpokbo| ebobpdccy pb}zbm|bl |fb}b pief|}io zpdm|imb/

\fb ehwbpokbo| mhhzbpd|bl ui|f |fb Hggimb hg |fb RO Fief Mhkki}}ihobp ghpPbgrebb} &ROFMP) dol h|fbp frkdoi|dpido hpedoi~d|iho}# }rmf d} |fbIo|bpod|ihodc Hpedoi~d|iho ghp Kiepd|iho# io zphwilioe zph|bm|iho dol d}}i}|domb |hio|bpodccy li}zcdmbl zbp}ho}# pbgrebb}# pb|rpoioe pbgrebb}# d}ycrk }bbabp}# }|d|bcb}}zbp}ho}# dol h|fbp zbp}ho} hg mhombpo/

\fb cdu zphfi`i|} ghpmbl bvicb# dol |fb ehwbpokbo| lil oh| r}b i| io zpdm|imb/

Zph|bm|iho hg Pbgrebb}

\fb mho}|i|r|iho pbmheoi~b} |fb pief|} hg d}ycrk dol pbgreb# iomcrlioe "}zbmidczph|bm|iho io wibu hg erdpdo|bbioe |fb grcc bvbpmi}b hg |fbip pief|}/" \fb cduzphwilb} ghp |fb epdo|ioe hg d}ycrk hp pbgrebb }|d|r}# dol |fb ehwbpokbo| fd}b}|d`ci}fbl d }y}|bk ghp zphwilioe zph|bm|iho |h pbgrebb}/ Io zpdm|imb |fbehwbpokbo| zphwilbl zph|bm|iho dedio}| |fb bvzrc}iho hp pb|rpo hg pbgrebb} |hmhro|pib} ufbpb |fbip ciwb} hp gpbblhk uhrcl `b |fpbd|bobl ho dmmhro| hg |fbip
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17/38

BMRDLHP 45pdmb# pbcieiho# od|ihodci|y# kbk`bp}fiz io d zdp|imrcdp }hmidc ephrz# hp zhci|imdchzioiho/

\fb ehwbpokbo| pbzhp|bl |fd|# gphk Ndordpy |fphref ]bz|bk`bp# i| pbmbiwbl 0


18/38

BMRDLHP 46]bm|iho = Pb}zbm| ghp Zhci|imdc Pief|}> \fb Pief| hg Mi|i~bo} |h Mfdoeb \fbip

Ehwbpokbo|

\fb cdu zphwilb} mi|i~bo} |fb pief| |h mfdoeb |fbip ehwbpokbo| zbdmbgrccy# dolmi|i~bo} bvbpmi}bl |fi} pief| io zpdm|imb |fphref zbpihlim# gpbb# dol gdip bcbm|iho}`d}bl ho roiwbp}dc }rggpdeb/

Bcbm|iho} dol Zhci|imdc Zdp|imizd|iho

Bcbm|iho} ghp hggimb} d| dcc cbwbc} hg ehwbpokbo|# iomcrlioe |fb zpb}ilbomy dol |fbkrc|izdp|y Od|ihodc D}}bk`cy# ubpb fbcl io Dzpic dol Nrob 0::9/ Hpedoi~d|iho hgDkbpimdo ]|d|b} dol Brphzbdo Roiho h`}bpwbp} mhomcrlbl |fd| |fb bcbm|iho} ubpbebobpdccy gpbb dol gdip# ui|f chmdc ippbercdpi|ib}# dol fiefcief|bl dpbd} ghp grp|fbpikzphwbkbo| io }r`}btrbo| bcbm|iho}/ Lhkb}|im h`}bpwbp} dc}h h`}bpwbl bcbm|iho}

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\fb mho}|i|r|iho kdold|bl |fb pbpbei}|pd|iho hg zhci|imdc hpedoi~d|iho} dg|bp |fb0::9 bcbm|iho}/ Ho Kdpmf =# |fb Od|ihodc Bcbm|hpdc Mhromic dzzphwbl |fb pbtripblprcb} ghp pbpbei}|pd|iho/ Uficb |fbpb i} oh lbdlciob ghp pbei}|pd|iho# io hplbp |hmhkzb|b io bcbm|iho}# zhci|imdc hpedoi~d|iho} kr}| `b cbedccy pbmheoi~bl d| cbd}| }ivkho|f} zpihp |h bcbm|iho}/ Hocy |uh zhci|imdc hpedoi~d|iho} mhkzcb|bl |fbpbpbei}|pd|iho pbtripbkbo|} `y ybdp%} bol/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho zphwilb} ghp }|d|b+zphkh|bl# ebolbp+`dcdombl pbzpb}bo|d|iho io |fbzr`cim }bm|hp# iomcrlioe io |fb ci}|} hg zhci|imdc zdp|ib}% mdolild|b} ghp |fb Od|ihodcD}}bk`cy dol h|fbp pbzpb}bo|d|iwb io}|i|r|iho}/ D} hg Lbmbk`bp 4# |fbpb ubpb


19/38

BMRDLHP 49\fbpb ubpb }bwbo Dgph+Bmrdlhpido} dol ioliebohr} zbp}ho} io |fb Od|ihodcD}}bk`cy# `r| oh D}ido+Bmrdlhpido}/ \fbpb ud} hob Dgph+Bmrdlhpido `r| ohD}ido+Bmrdlhpido} hp ioliebohr} zbp}ho} io |fb md`iob|/

]bm|iho < Hggimidc Mhpprz|iho dol Ehwbpokbo| \pdo}zdpbomy

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\fbpb ubpb kblid pbzhp|} hg zhcimb mhpprz|iho/ Cd`hp cbdlbp} dol `r}iob}} huobp}pbzhp|bl mhpprz|iho dkhoe io}zbm|hp} &}bb }bm|iho 5/b/)/

Ho Ohwbk`bp 45# 44 zpi}ho erdpl} d| |fb Mbo|bp ghp ]hmidc Pbfd`ici|d|iho ioErdydtric ubpb lb|diobl ghp mhpprz|iho/ Do iowb}|ied|iho hg 20 erdpl} ghrolbwilbomb |fd| |fb erdpl} dcchubl lpre |pdggimaioe ui|fio |fb zpi}ho dol lbkdolbl`pi`b} gphk zpi}hobp} io pb|rpo ghp }bmrpi|y/

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Io Kdpmf |fb Zph}bmr|hp Ebobpdc%} Hggimb ioi|id|bl do iowb}|ied|iho hg Nrdo VdwibpDerioded# ghpkbp rolbp }bmpb|dpy hg ghpbieo dggdip} ghp |fb Kioi}|py hg |fb Mhd}|Pbeiho# dchoe ui|f }bwbpdc oh|dpy zr`cim}# ghp dccbebl iowhcwbkbo| io |fb iccbedcod|rpdci~d|iho hg Mr`do mi|i~bo}/ Ho Dzpic 4# zhcimb |bkzhpdpicy lb|diobl Deriodeddol |uh h|fbp zbp}ho}/ \fb zph}bmr|hp hzbobl md}b} dedio}| 5< zbp}ho}# dol |uhoh|dpy zr`cim} ubpb }r}zbolbl/ \fb Od|ihodc ]bmpb|dpid| ghp Kdodebkbo|\pdo}zdpbomy dol |fb Kioi}|py hg |fb Io|bpihp dc}h `bedo iowb}|ied|iho}/ Io bdpcy]bz|bk`bp |fb ghpbieo kioi}|py doorccbl 45< od|rpdci~d|iho} `bmdr}b hg gpdrl/ Ho

Ohwbk`bp 6# zpb}} pbzhp|} iolimd|bl |fd| Derioded fdl gcbl |fb mhro|py/ HoLbmbk`bp 47# zhcimb lb|diobl |fb lipbm|hp hg ikkiepd|iho io |fb }dkb iowb}|ied|ihoio|h wi}d gpdrl/ Zpb}} pbzhp|} }|d|bl |fd| rz |h 0#::: wi}d} kief| fdwb `bbo i}}rbliccbedccy/

Io Gb`prdpy 0::9 ghpkbp }hcimi|hp ebobpdc Vdwibp Edpdimhd ud} mfdpebl ui|fwihcd|ioe zr`cim mho|pdm|ioe dol zr`cim }zbolioe cdu} `y eiwioe hr| ,4:#:::


20/38

BMRDLHP 0:`hor}b} |h =


21/38

BMRDLHP 04ybdp%} bol/ \fb mhkzdoy mcdikbl |fb dm|iho ud} zhci|imdccy kh|iwd|bl dol |fd|zpbwihr} zph}bmr|hp} ebobpdc fdl li}ki}}bl |fb }dkb dccbed|iho}/

Ho Drer}|


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BMRDLHP 00|fd| hocy


23/38

BMRDLHP 0=\fb mho}|i|r|iho zphfiì|} li}mpikiod|iho `d}bl ho pdmb# ebolbp# li}dìci|y#cdoerdeb# hp }hmidc }|d|r}1 fhubwbp# uhkbo# zbp}ho} ui|f li}dìci|ib}# ioliebohr}zbp}ho}# Dgph+Bmrdlhpido}# dol edy# cb}ìdo# ì}bvrdc# dol |pdo}ebolbp zbp}ho}mho|iorbl |h gdmb li}mpikiod|iho/

Uhkbo

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gdkicy cdu# }zhr}dc pdzb i} mho}ilbpbl d |yzb hg wihcbomb dol kdy `b zph}bmr|blrolbp |fb mpikiodc mhlb/ \fb zbodc|y ghp pdzb ufbpb lbd|f hmmrppbl i} gphk 47 |h02 ybdp}% ikzpi}hokbo|/ \fb zph}bmr|hp ebobpdc pbmbiwbl pbzhp|} hg


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BMRDLHP 0


25/38

BMRDLHP 02dol 55 zbpmbo|# pb}zbm|iwbcy/ \fb Zhzrcd|iho Pbgbpbomb @rpbdr pbzhp|bl io 0::9|fd| khpb |fdo =7 zbpmbo| hg khlbpo mho|pdmbz|iwb kb|fhl r}bp} pbmbiwbl |fb}b}bpwimb} |fphref ehwbpokbo|+}zho}hpbl zphepdk}/

\fb ehwbpokbo| mho|iorbl |h ikzcbkbo| d od|ihodc FIW(DIL] zphepdk `bero io0::9 |h zpbwbo| kh|fbp+|h+mficl |pdo}ki}}iho hg |fb li}bd}b dol zphwilbl gpbb}mpbboioe ghp dcc uhkbo/ Ioghpkd|iho ud} oh| dwdicd`cb ho ufb|fbp uhkbo ubpbbtrdccy lideoh}bl dol |pbd|bl ghp }bvrdccy |pdo}ki||bl iogbm|iho}# iomcrlioe FIW1fhubwbp# uhkbo kdy pbmbiwb khpb }mpbboioe |fdo kbo# }iomb 6< zbpmbo| pbmbiwbldo|bod|dc mdpb dmmhplioe |h |fb Zhzrcd|iho Pbgbpbomb @rpbdr/

Lb}zi|b cbedc zph|bm|iho hg uhkbo%} pief|} io zhci|im}# |fb fhkb# dol bkzchykbo|#}hmib|dc li}mpikiod|iho dedio}| uhkbo ud} zbpwd}iwb# zdp|imrcdpcy ui|f pb}zbm| |hblrmd|ihodc dol bmhohkim hzzhp|roi|ib} ghp hclbp uhkbo dol ghp |fh}b io |fb chubp

bmhohkim }|pd|d/ Dc|fhref uhkbo bonhybl |fb }dkb cbedc }|d|r} d} kbo# uhkbohg|bo lil oh| pbmbiwb btrdc pief|} io zpdm|imb/ Dmmhplioe |h |fb Uhpcl BmhohkimGhprk%} 0:4: Ech`dc Ebolbp Edz Pbzhp|# ghp bvdkzcb# uhkbo pbmbiwbldzzphvikd|bcy 74 zbpmbo| hg |fb zdy pbmbiwbl `y kbo ghp btrdc uhpa/ Uhkbo%}dlwhmd|b} dccbebl |fd| mrc|rpb dol |pdli|iho iofiì|bl dmfibwbkbo| hg grcc btrdci|yghp uhkbo/ \fbpb ubpb gbubp uhkbo |fdo kbo bkzchybl io zphgb}}ihodc uhpa dol}aiccbl |pdlb}/ Ci||cb pbcid`cb ld|d bvi}|bl pbedplioe |fb }i|rd|iho hg uhkbo ui|fio|fb |ief|cy aoi| ioliebohr} mhkkroi|ib}/

Mficlpbo

Mi|i~bo}fiz i} dmtripbl bi|fbp |fphref ìp|f io |fb mhro|py hp `y ìp|f |h doBmrdlhpido kh|fbp hp gd|fbp d`phdl &ro|ic |fb |fipl ebobpd|iho)/ D pbei}|pd|ihomdkzdieo `y |fb ]hmidc Pbei}|py# |fb Kioi}|py hg ]hmidc dol Bmhohkim Iomcr}iho#dol |fb Mficl dol Gdkicy Io}|i|r|b mdccbl Zr| Yhrp Odkb Lhuo pbei}|bpbldzzphvikd|bcy 7:#::: mficlpbo |fphrefhr| |fb mhro|py lrpioe |fb ybdp/ Io 0::9#dmmhplioe |h |fb H`}bpwd|hpy hg |fb Pief|} hg Mficlpbo dol Dlhcb}mbo|}# |fbpb ubpb=::#::: ropbei}|bpbl mficlpbo io |fb mhro|py/ Fbdc|f mbo|bp} dol fh}zi|dc} fdl |fbdìci|y |h pbei}|bp ìp|f} d| |fbip gdmici|y# }h dcc mficlpbo `hpo io fh}zi|dc} }fhrcl `b

pbei}|bpbl }fhp|cy dg|bp ìp|f/

Io Kdy obu}zdzbp} pbzhp|bl do bvmb}}iwb lbkdol ghp miwic pbei}|pd|iho `y zdpbo|}ufh}b mficlpbo obblbl |h `b pbei}|bpbl io hplbp |h bophcc io zr`cim }mfhhc}/Dc|fhref |fb cdu zphfiì|} |fi} pbtripbkbo|# }hkb }mfhhc} }b| |fbip huopbtripbkbo|}/ Zpb}ilbo| Mhppbd |fpbd|bobl cbedc dm|iho dedio}| }mfhhc} pbtripioemiwic pbei}|py lhmrkbo|} dol hplbpbl |fb blrmd|iho kioi}|bp |h iowb}|ied|b/ H|fbp


26/38

BMRDLHP 07ehwbpokbo| }bpwimb}# iomcrlioe ubcgdpb zdykbo|} dol gpbb zpikdpy fbdc|f mdpb#pbtripb }hkb ghpk hg ilbo|igimd|iho/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho pbtripb} d kioikrk hg 42 ybdp} hg }mfhhcioe/ \fb Kioi}|py hgBlrmd|iho pbzhp|bl |fd| kh}| mficlpbo dmfibwbl d }iv|f+epdlb blrmd|iho1 fhubwbp#io }hkb zphwiomb}# zr`cim }mfhhc} lboibl bo|py |h }|rlbo|} lrb |h |fb cdma hg }zdmb/@y cdu# blrmd|iho ud} gpbb |fphref fief }mfhhc# `r| dlli|ihodc mh}|}# }rmf d} ghproighpk} dol `hha}# dol d cdma hg }zdmb io zr`cim }mfhhc} zpbwbo|bl kdoydlhcb}mbo|} gphk d||bolioe }mfhhc/

\fbpb ubpb pbzhp|} hg d`r}b dedio}| mficlpbo/ Dmmhplioe |h |fb ehwbpokbo|# 04zbpmbo| hg mficlpbo fdl }rggbpbl }hkb ghpk hg }bvrdc d`r}b/ Zphnbm|} }zho}hpbl `ychmdc OEH} pbzhp|bl |fd| mficlpbo ciwioe io |fb }|pbb|} }rggbpbl bvzchi|d|iwbmholi|iho}/ Io |fb cd}| |uh lbmdlb} |fbpb ud} do iompbd}b io d`dolhobl mficlpbo dol

|bbodeb kh|fbp} io |fb }|pbb|} hp fh}zi|dc}/ Kh}| hg |fb}b d`dolhobl mficlpbo mdkbgphk zhhp ioliebohr} gdkicib}/

Mhkkbpmidc }bvrdc bvzchi|d|iho hg kiohp} pbkdiobl d zph`cbk/ \fb cdu zphfi`i|}mficl zhpohepdzfy# ui|f zbodc|ib} hg }iv |h 47 ybdp}% ikzpi}hokbo|/ \fb cdu mhwbp}}|d|r|hpy pdzb ufbpb |fb deb hg mho}bo| i} 4((|pdwbc/}|d|b/ehw(d`lrm|iho(pb}hrpmb}(mhoepb}}pbzhp|(mhoepb}}pbzhp|X


27/38

BMRDLHP 05\fb mho}|i|r|iho zphfiì|} li}mpikiod|iho dedio}| zbp}ho} ui|f zfy}imdc dol kbo|dcli}dìci|ib} io bkzchykbo|# blrmd|iho# dmmb}} |h fbdc|f mdpb# dol |fb zphwi}iho hgh|fbp }|d|b }bpwimb}/ \fb io|bpdebomy Od|ihodc Mhromic ho Li}dìci|ib} hwbp}bb}ehwbpokbo| zhcimib} pbedplioe zbp}ho} ui|f li}dìci|ib}/ Dc|fhref |fb cdukdold|b} dmmb}} |h `riclioe} dol zr`cim |pdo}zhp|d|iho ghp zbp}ho} ui|f li}dìci|ib}#|fb ehwbpokbo| lil oh| grccy boghpmb i|/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho bv|bol} `bobgi|} |h zbp}ho} ui|f li}dìci|ib}# zdp|imrcdpcy io |fbdpbd} hg blrmd|iho# bkzchykbo|# dol dmmb}} |h }hmidc }bmrpi|y/ \fb cdu pbtripb}|fd| zbpmbo| hg bkzchybb} io dcc zr`cim dol zpiwd|b bo|bpzpi}b} ui|f khpb |fdo 02bkzchybb} `b zbp}ho} ui|f li}dìci|ib}/ Ho Kdy 6# Wimb Zpb}ilbo| Cboio Khpboh}|d|bl |fd| ehwbpokbo| debomib} ubpb grccy mhkzcido| ui|f |fb cdu dol |fd| zpiwd|bmhkzdoib} uhrcl gdmb }|igg giob} ghp ohomhkzcidomb/ Dmmhplioe |h ehwbpokbo|ioghpkd|iho# hocy =2 zbpmbo| hg |fb 4#2=0 drli|bl mhkzdoib} mhkzcibl ui|f |fi}

cdu/ \fphref |fb `beiooioe hg Nrob# oiob mhkzdoib} ubpb giobl d |h|dc hg ,7::#:::ghp oh| mhkzcyioe ui|f |fb cdu/

Do ioi|id|iwb mdccbl Bmrdlhp ui|fhr| @dppibp}# cbl `y |fb wimb zpb}ilbo|# fbczblmpbd|b do ro}zbmigibl ork`bp hg nh`} ghp zbp}ho} ui|f li}dìci|ib}# zphwilblgrolioe |h khpb |fdo 0:: kroimizdci|ib} |h ikzphwb dmmb}} |h zr`cim `riclioe}# dolhzbobl |pdioioe dol pbfdìci|d|iho mbo|bp}/ \fb ioi|id|iwb dc}h mpbd|bl d pbmhpl |h}fhu |fb lbepbb hg mhkzcidomb `y mhkzdoib} |fd| fipb zbp}ho} ui|f li}dìci|ib}/ Iodlli|iho |h |fi} zphepdk# |fb ehwbpokbo| ud} `riclioe mbo|bp} ghp |fh}b mho}ilbpblio|bccbm|rdccy li}d`cbl/

\fb wimb zpb}ilbo| dc}h cbl do ioi|id|iwb |h mholrm| d mbo}r}# pbei}|py# dol }rpwby hgciwioe mholi|iho} hg zbp}ho} ui|f li}dìci|ib}/ D} hg bdpcy Lbmbk`bp# |fb ioi|id|iwbfdl pbei}|bpbl 09


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BMRDLHP 06Dgph+Bmrdlhpido mi|i~bo}# ufh dmmhro| ghp dzzphvikd|bcy = zbpmbo| hg |fbzhzrcd|iho# }rggbpbl zbpwd}iwb li}mpikiod|iho# zdp|imrcdpcy ui|f pbedpl |hblrmd|ihodc dol bmhohkim hzzhp|roi|y/

Dgph+Bmrdlhpido hpedoi~d|iho} oh|bl |fd|# lb}zi|b |fb d`}bomb hg hggimidcli}mpikiod|iho# }hmib|dc li}mpikiod|iho dol }|bpbh|yzioe mho|iorbl |h dggbm| |fbk/Ghp bvdkzcb# |fby mho|iorbl |h d}}bp| |fd| zhcimb }|hzzbl Dgph+Bmrdlhpido} ghplhmrkbo| mfbma} khpb gpbtrbo|cy |fdo |fby }|hzzbl h|fbp mi|i~bo} dol |fd|bkzchybp} hg|bo uhrcl oh| io|bpwibu zbp}ho} ufh}b nh` dzzcimd|iho} mdppibl Dgph+Bmrdlhpido zfh|h}/ \fbpb ubpb oh }zbmidc ehwbpokbo| bgghp|} |h dllpb}} |fb}bzph`cbk}# bvmbz| ghp |fb Kroimizdci|y hg Tri|h# ufimf io 0::6 zphfiì|bl zpiwd|bdol zr`cim io}|i|r|iho} io Tri|h gphk dmmbz|ioe mrppimrcrk wi|db ui|f zim|rpb}/

\fb Mhpzhpd|iho ghp |fb Lbwbchzkbo| hg Dgph+Bmrdlhpido} &MHLDB) oh|bl |fd|

Dgph+Bmrdlhpido} }|icc cdmabl dmmb}} |h `d}im blrmd|iho/ MHLDB }|d|bl |fd| |fb}mfhhc pbei}|pd|iho pd|b ghp Dgph+Bmrdlhpido mficlpbo ud} 65 zbpmbo|# `bchu |fbod|ihodc dwbpdeb/ D od|ihodc }rpwby `y MHLDB pbwbdcbl |fd| fief cbwbc} hg pdmi}kdol li}mpikiod|iho dedio}| kiohpi|y ephrz} zbp}i}|bl dol |fd| 66 dol 54 zbpmbo| hgDgph+Bmrdlhpido} dol ioliebohr} zbp}ho}# pb}zbm|iwbcy# fdl `bbo wim|ik} hg pdmi}kdol li}mpikiod|iho/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho lbmcdpb} |fb }|d|b |h `b zcrpiod|ihodc dol dggipk} |fb zpiomizcb hgoholi}mpikiod|iho `y pbmheoi~ioe |fb pief| hg ioliebohr}# Dgph+Bmrdlhpido# dolKho|rìh &d prpdc# gdpkioe zhzrcd|iho pbmheoi~bl d} do iolbzbolbo| b|foim ephrz)mhkkroi|ib} |h pb}|i|r|iho ghp dm|} hg li}mpikiod|iho/ I| dc}h kdold|b} dggipkd|iwbdm|iho zhcimib} |h zphwilb ghp |fb pbzpb}bo|d|iho hg kiohpi|ib}/ D 0::9 bvbmr|iwblbmpbb mdcc} ghp dcc zr`cim+}bm|hp `hlib} |h bo}rpb |fd| "dmmb}} |h cd`hp" pbgcbm|} |fbzbpmbo|deb hg |fb zhzrcd|iho hg ioliebohr} zbp}ho}# Dgph+Bmrdlhpido}# dolKho|rìh}/

Ioliebohr} Zbhzcb

Do b}|ikd|bl 5+=: zbpmbo| hg |fb zhzrcd|iho kdio|diobl |fbip ioliebohr} mrc|rpdc

ilbo|i|y dol ciwbl io ioliebohr} mhkkroi|ib}/ \fb wd}| kdnhpi|y hg ioliebohr}mi|i~bo} pb}ilbl io prpdc dpbd}# iomcrlioe |fb fiefcdol} dol Dkd~hoido zphwiomb}/Lb}zi|b |fbip zhci|imdc iogcrbomb dol dlwhmdmy bgghp|} hg epd}}phh|} mhkkroi|yephrz}# ioliebohr} zbp}ho} mho|iorbl |h }rggbp li}mpikiod|iho d| kdoy cbwbc} hg}hmib|y dol# ui|f gbu bvmbz|iho}# ubpb d| |fb `h||hk hg |fb }hmihbmhohkim }mdcb/


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BMRDLHP 09Dpd`cb cdol ud} }mdpmb io |fb khpb fbdwicy zhzrcd|bl fiefcdol dpbd}# ufbpb fiefiogdo| khp|dci|y# kdcor|pi|iho# dol bzilbkim li}bd}b ubpb mhkkho dkhoe |fbioliebohr} zhzrcd|iho/ Bcbm|pimi|y dol zh|d`cb ud|bp hg|bo ubpb rodwdicd`cb/Dc|fhref |fb prpdc blrmd|iho }y}|bk ud} }bpihr}cy lbgimibo|# kdoy ioliebohr}ephrz} zdp|imizd|bl ui|f |fb Kioi}|py hg Blrmd|iho io |fb lbwbchzkbo| hg |fb`icioerdc blrmd|iho zphepdk r}bl io prpdc zr`cim }mfhhc}/ \fb ci|bpdmy pd|b dkhoe|fb ioliebohr} zhzrcd|iho ud} dzzphvikd|bcy 50 zbpmbo|/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho }|pboe|fbo} |fb pief|} hg ioliebohr} zbp}ho}1 i| lbmcdpb} |fb }|d|bzcrpiod|ihodc# pbmheoi~ioe Aimfud dol ]frdp d} "hggimidc cdoerdeb} hg io|bpmrc|rpdcpbcd|iho}#" dol }zbmigimdccy pbmheoi~b} ioliebohr} nr}|imb/ Fhubwbp# |fb cdma hg dmcbdpcy lbgiobl pbcd|iho}fiz `b|ubbo ioliebohr} nr}|imb dol |fb pbercdp nr}|imb}y}|bk cbl |h d ork`bp hg cbedc mhogcim|} `b|ubbo |fb ehwbpokbo| dol ioliebohr}cbdlbp}/ Dmmhplioe |h zpb}} pbzhp|}# |fbpb ubpb 46 md}b} hg ioliebohr} nr}|imb

lrpioe |fb ybdp/

\fb cdu dc}h pbmheoi~b} |fb pief|} hg ioliebohr} mhkkroi|ib} |h fhcl zphzbp|ymhkkrodccy/ Cdol io kdoy md}b} i} |i|cbl |h |fb ioliebohr} mhkkroi|y/ Io h|fbpmd}b}# ioliebohr} ephrz} kdodebl d pb}bpwb |fd| |fb ehwbpokbo| }b| d}ilb ghp`ihliwbp}i|y zph|bm|iho/ Dc|fhref ioliebohr} zbp}ho} fdwb |fb }dkb miwic dolzhci|imdc pief|} d} h|fbp mi|i~bo}# }hkb hg |fbip cbdlbp} pbzhp|bl li}mpikiod|iho dolzph}bmr|iho/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho epdo|} ioliebohr} zbp}ho} dol mhkkroi|ib} |fb pief| |h `bmho}rc|bl dol zdp|imizd|b io lbmi}iho} d`hr| |fb bvzchi|d|iho hg ohopbobud`cbpb}hrpmb} |fd| dpb chmd|bl io |fbip cdol} dol |fd| mhrcl dggbm| |fbip mrc|rpb hpbowiphokbo|/ Io Kdy ioliebohr} hpedoi~d|iho} hzzh}bl d ehwbpokbo| zphnbm| |hpbercd|b ud|bp pb}hrpmb} `y zdp|imizd|ioe io zph|b}|} io liggbpbo| zdp|} hg |fbmhro|py/ Io hob hg |fh}b zph|b}|}# |uh ioliebohr} zbp}ho} dol 44 zhcimb hggimidc}ubpb ionrpbl/ Ioliebohr} ephrz} mcdikbl |fd| obucy zd}}bl hp zphzh}bl cdu}mhwbpioe kioioe# ud|bp pb}hrpmb}# dol fylphmdp`ho pb}hrpmb} lil oh| |dabioliebohr} wibuzhio|} }rggimibo|cy io|h dmmhro| dol grp|fbpkhpb io|prlbl rzhoioliebohr} dr|hohky hwbp |fbip cdol} dol pb}hrpmb}/ Dmmhplioe |h do Dzpic prcioe

`y |fb Mho}|i|r|ihodc Mhrp|# |fb Od|ihodc D}}bk`cy kr}| mho}rc| ui|f dggbm|blmhkkroi|ib} ho ud|bp i}}rb} `bghpb |fb cbei}cd|rpb mdo wh|b ho |fb lpdg| cdu}/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho dcchu} ioliebohr} zbp}ho} |h zdp|imizd|b io |fb `bobgi|} |fd|zphnbm|} kdy `pioe dol |h pbmbiwb mhkzbo}d|iho ghp doy ldkdeb} |fd| pb}rc|/ I|kdold|b}# io |fb md}b hg bowiphokbo|dc ldkdeb# ikkblid|b mhppbm|iwb ehwbpokbo|


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BMRDLHP =:dm|iho dol grcc pb}|i|r|iho gphk |fb pb}zho}i`cb mhkzdoy# dc|fhref }hkbioliebohr} hpedoi~d|iho} d}}bp|bl d cdma hg mho}rc|d|iho dol pbkblidc dm|iho/

Do bowiphokbo|dc cdu}ri| `phref| `y mbp|dio ioliebohr} mhkkroi|ib} dedio}| |fbkrc|iod|ihodc hic mhkzdoy Mfbwpho ud} zbolioe d| ybdp%} bol rolbp |fb

nrpi}lim|iho hg |fb ]rmrk`ih} Zphwiomidc Mhrp| &}bb ]bm|iho


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BMRDLHP =4zbp|iobo| dr|fhpi|ib} dol pbmbiwbl zhcimb zph|bm|iho/ Do CE@\ gick gb}|iwdc ud}hpedoi~bl io }iv mi|ib} io ]bz|bk`bp/ Fhubwbp# CE@\ ephrz} mcdikbl |fd| zhcimbdol zph}bmr|hp} lil oh| |fhphrefcy iowb}|ied|b lbd|f} hg CE@\ ioliwilrdc}#iomcrlioe ufbo |fbpb i} }r}zimiho |fd| |fb aiccioe ud} `bmdr}b hg }bvrdc hpibo|d|iho/

]hmib|dc li}mpikiod|iho ud} zpb}bo|/ Kbk`bp} hg |fb CE@\ mhkkroi|y mho|iorbl|h pbzhp| |fd| |fbip pief| hg btrdc dmmb}} |h ghpkdc blrmd|iho ud} wihcd|blgpbtrbo|cy/ \fb CE@\ zhzrcd|iho iowhcwbl io |fb }bv iolr}|py pbzhp|bl d`r}iwb}i|rd|iho}# bv|hp|iho# dol ki}|pbd|kbo| `y }bmrpi|y ghpmb} `r| lil oh| gicb hp zpb}}mfdpeb} io |fb Hggimb hg |fb Zr`cim Zph}bmr|hp/

H|fbp ]hmib|dc Wihcbomb hp Li}mpikiod|iho

\fb mho}|i|r|iho }zbmigimdccy zphfi`i|} li}mpikiod|iho lipbm|bl d| zbp}ho} ui|f

FIW(DIL]/ \fbpb ud} oh }hmib|dc wihcbomb dedio}| zbp}ho} ui|f FIW(DIL]1fhubwbp# OEH} pbzhp|bl |fd| ioliwilrdc} ui|f FIW(DIL] `bcibwbl |fby ubpbli}mpikiod|bl dedio}|# iomcrlioe ho i}}rb} }rmf d} btrdc bkzchykbo| hzzhp|roi|ib}dol dmmb}} |h dzzphzpid|b fbdc|f mdpb/

]bm|iho 5 Uhpabp Pief|}

d/ \fb Pief| hg D}}hmid|iho

Uficb |fb cdu zphwilb} kh}| uhpabp} ui|f |fb pief|} |h ghpk dol nhio |pdlb roiho}hg |fbip mfhimb# cbedc zph|bm|iho} hg |fb}b pief|} ubpb iodlbtrd|b# }hkb|ikb} gdicioe|h lb|bp bkzchybp} gphk pb|dcid|ioe dedio}| uhpabp} ghp hpedoi~ioe/ \fbpb ubpb dork`bp hg md}b} pbzhp|bl io ufimf uhpabp} ubpb gipbl ghp roiho dm|iwi|ib}# lb}zi|b|fb cdu/ Kbk`bp} hg |fb zhcimb# |fb kici|dpy# dol kh}| zr`cim+}bm|hp bkzchybb}&|fh}b ufh gdcc rolbp |fb miwic }bpwimb cdu) ubpb oh| gpbb |h ghpk |pdlb roiho}/Dzzphvikd|bcy 4++= zbpmbo| hg |fb uhpaghpmb ud} hpedoi~bl/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho |bpk} uhpabp pief|} "ippbwhmd`cb1" i| zphwilb} ghp |fb pief| |hroihoi~b dol |h }|piab &bvmbz| io io}|domb} ufimf kief| mdr}b "zdpdcy}i}" io

}|pd|beim }bm|hp}) dol mhkki|} }|d|b }rzzhp| ghp lbkhmpd|im roiho}/ \fb uhpabp+pief|} zphwi}iho} io |fb mho}|i|r|iho pbtripb |fb dlhz|iho hg dlli|ihodcikzcbkbo|ioe cdu}/

\fb cdu lhb} oh| pbtripb pbio}|d|bkbo| hg uhpabp} gipbl ghp roiho dm|iwi|y `r| lhb}pbtripb mhkzbo}d|iho dol giob}/


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BMRDLHP =0\fb cdu zphfi`i|} |fb kdnhpi|y hg zr`cim+}bm|hp bkzchybb} gphk nhioioe roiho} hpbvbpmi}ioe mhccbm|iwb `dpedioioe pief|}/ Rolbp |fb cdu# bkzchybb} |fd| gdcc io|h |fb|bmfoimdc# dlkioi}|pd|iwb# hp zphgb}}ihodc md|behpib} kdy oh| nhio d roiho hp`dpedio mhccbm|iwbcy/ Kh}| zr`cim bkzchybb} kdio|diobl kbk`bp}fiz io d cd`hp+}bm|hp d}}hmid|iho# `r| }rmf d}}hmid|iho} dpb oh| dcchubl |h }|piab hp `dpediomhccbm|iwbcy/ \fb cd`hp mhlb dol |fb mho}|i|r|iho pbtripb uhpabp} io }|d|bbo|bpzpi}b} |h `b pbzpb}bo|bl `y d }ioecb cd`hp roiho/

\fb cdu lhb} oh| zphwilb |fb kdnhpi|y hg zr`cim uhpabp} ui|f |fb pief| |h }|piab/Zr`cim+}bm|hp bkzchybb} io }|pd|beim }bm|hp} kdy oh| |dab doy dm|iho |fd| zdpdcy~b}|fh}b }bm|hp}# iomcrlioe }|piaioe/ \fb mho}|i|r|iho lb}ieod|b} fbdc|f1 bowiphokbo|dc}doi|d|iho1 blrmd|iho1 nr}|imb1 |fb gipb `piedlb1 }hmidc }bmrpi|y1 bcbm|pimdc bobpey1lpioaioe ud|bp dol }bubpdeb1 fylphmdp`ho zphlrm|iho1 |fb zphmb}}ioe# |pdo}zhp|dol li}|pi`r|iho hg grbc1 zr`cim |pdo}zhp|1 dol zh}| dol |bcbmhkkroimd|iho} d}

}|pd|beim }bm|hp}/ ]hkb hg |fb }bm|hp} lbgiobl d} }|pd|beim bvmbblbl |fbIo|bpod|ihodc Cd`hp Hpedoi~d|iho &ICH) }|doldpl ghp b}}bo|idc }bpwimb}/

\fb cdu iomcrlb} d zphwi}iho |fd| }|piaioe zr`cim+}bm|hp uhpabp} dpb cid`cb |h`b|ubbo |uh dol giwb ybdp} io zpi}ho/ \fb ICH fd} oh|bl pbzbd|blcy |fd| |fi} cdumhrcl cbdl |h mhkzrc}hpy cd`hp d} zroi}fkbo| ghp zdp|imizd|iho io zbdmbgrc }|piab}#d wihcd|iho hg io|bpod|ihodc cd`hp }|doldpl}/

\fbpb ubpb gbu pb}|pim|iho} ho |fb pief| hg zpiwd|b+}bm|hp uhpabp} |h }|piab#dc|fhref d 4:+ldy zbpihl i} pbtripbl `bghpb d }|piab mdo `b lbmcdpbl/ \fb cdudcchu} }hcildpi|y }|piab} hp `hymh||} hg |fpbb ldy} ig |fb Kioi}|py hg Cd`hp Pbcd|iho}dzzphwb} |fbk/ Io }hkb iolr}|pib}# lrpioe d cbedc }|piab# uhpabp} kdy |dabzh}}b}}iho hg |fb gdm|hpy hp uhpazcdmb &|fr} bolioe zphlrm|iho d| |fb }i|b) dolpbmbiwb zhcimb zph|bm|iho lrpioe |fb |dabhwbp/ Io h|fbp iolr}|pib}# }rmf d}depimrc|rpb# |fb cdu pbtripb} d 0:+ldy udi|ioe zbpihl gphk |fb ldy |fb }|piab i}mdccbl/ Lrpioe |fi} |ikb uhpabp} dol bkzchybp} kr}| depbb ho fhu kdoy uhpabp}dpb obblbl |h bo}rpb d kioikrk cbwbc hg }bpwimb# dol d| cbd}| 0: zbpmbo| hg |fbuhpaghpmb kr}| mho|iorb |h uhpa |h zphwilb b}}bo|idc }bpwimb}/ \fb cdu zphwilb}|fd| "|fb bkzchybp kdy mho|pdm| }r`}|i|r|b zbp}hoobc" hocy ufbo }|piaioe uhpabp}

pbgr}b |h }bol |fb ork`bp hg uhpabp} pbtripbl |h zphwilb |fb kioikrk obmb}}dpy}bpwimb}# dc|fhref io zpdm|imb |fi} cdu ud} oh| boghpmbl/ \fb cdu zph|bm|} }|piabp}dol |fbip cbdlbp} gphk pb|dcid|iho/

Io Ndordpy# 49 bkzchybb} ubpb }rkkdpicy li}ki}}bl# ui|f |fb dzzphwdc hg |fbKioi}|py hg Cd`hp# gphk do bcbm|pimi|y ebobpd|ioe mhkzdoy io Erdydtric ghpio|bpprz|ioe }bpwimb} |h |fb zr`cim dol "io}rc|ioe |fb kdnb}|y hg |fb zpb}ilbo|" d} d


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BMRDLHP ==pb}rc| hg zph|b}|} io 0::9/ \fb bkzchybb} ubpb mfdpebl ui|f }d`h|deb dol|bpphpi}k# `r| |fb mfdpeb} ubpb li}ki}}bl `y |fb zph}bmr|hp ho Kdpmf 09# dlbmi}iho mhogipkbl `y d nrleb ho Kdy =:/ Io Hm|h`bp |fb uhpabp} ubo| |h |fbCd`hp Mhkki}}iho hg |fb Od|ihodc D}}bk`cy |h lbkdol pbio}|d|bkbo| dol fipblcduybp} |h gief| ghp |fbip md}b/

Ho Nrcy 09# |fb Zphwiomidc Mhrp| hg Nr}|imb hwbp|rpobl |fb |pizdp|i|b mhkki}}iho%}prcioe io gdwhp hg |fb roiho io d 0::9 md}b iowhcwioe }|piaioe uhpabp} d| d |ipbkdorgdm|rpioe mhkzdoy/ Ho ]bz|bk`bp 0=# |fb mhkzdoy# uhpabp}# dol |fbKioi}|py hg Cd`hp Pbcd|iho} pbdmfbl do depbbkbo|/ Ho ]bz|bk`bp 09# |fb mhkzdoygipbl 40: ghpkbp }|piabp} &|fb }|piab fdl hggimidccy bolbl)1 |fb gipioe} ubpb lbmcdpblcbedc `y |fb Kioi}|py hg Cd`hp Pbcd|iho} }h choe d} |fb dzzphzpid|b }bwbpdombzdyhr|} ubpb kdlb/ \fb uhpabp} zph|b}|bl |fb gipioe} dol ubpb d||bkz|ioe |h `bpbio}|d|bl d| |fb bol hg |fb ybdp/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho zphfi`i|} |fb r}b hg hr|}hrpmioe dol hg li}mpikiod|hpy mpi|bpid iofipioe/ Hr|}hrpmioe iomcrlb} }r`mho|pdm|ioe# |fipl zdp|y# dol fhrpcy mho|pdm|}/ \fbcdu epdo|} do bvbkz|iho ghp hr|}hrpmioe }bpwimb} |fd| dpb oh| do io|bepdc zdp| hg |fbmhkzdoy%} zphlrm|iwb zphmb}}b}/ Zr`cim }bm|hp bo|bpzpi}b} kdy }r`mho|pdm| ghpmbp|dio |bmfoimdc uhpabp} ui|f |fb Kioi}|py hg Cd`hp%} dzzphwdc/ \fb cdu zbpki|}zdp|+|ikb mho|pdm|}# `r| hocy ui|f grcc+|ikb bkzchybb `bobgi|}/

\fb obu Zr`cim ]bpwimb Cdu bvzdolbl |fb lbgioi|iho hg uhpabp} mcd}}igibl d}|bmfoimdc dol dlkioi}|pd|iwb uhpabp} dol }r`nbm| |h |fb Miwic ]bpwimb dolDlkioi}|pd|iwb Mdpbbp Cdu &CH]MD) pd|fbp |fdo |fb cd`hp mhlb/ Uhpabp} ufh gdccrolbp CH]MD fdwb ciki|bl pief|} |h mhccbm|iwb `dpedioioe dol gpbblhk hgd}}hmid|iho/ Dc}h# |fh}b ufh uhpa io }|pd|beim }bm|hp} dpb oh| cbedccy zbpki||bl |h}|piab# dc|fhref |fby kdy zdp|imizd|b io mhccbm|iwb `dpedioioe obeh|id|iho}/

Ioliwilrdc uhpabp} kdy |dab mhkzcdio|} dedio}| bkzchybp} |h |fb Cd`hp Io}zbm|ihoHggimb ig |fby dpb }|icc bkzchybl `y |fb gipk hp |h mhrp|} mfdpebl ui|f zph|bm|ioecd`hp pief|} ig |fby dpb oh choebp bkzchybl `y |fb hpedoi~d|iho/ Roiho} kdy dc}h|dab mhkzcdio|} |h d |pizdp|i|b &roiho# bkzchybp# ehwbpokbo|) dp`i|pd|iho `hdpl

b}|d`ci}fbl |h fbdp |fb}b mhkzcdio|}/

`/ \fb Pief| |h Hpedoi~b dol @dpedio Mhccbm|iwbcy

Dcc zpiwd|b bkzchybp} ui|f =: hp khpb uhpabp} `bchoeioe |h d roiho dpb pbtripbl|h obeh|id|b mhccbm|iwbcy ufbo |fb roiho }h pbtrb}|}/ Fhubwbp# |fb cdu pbtripb} dkioikrk hg =: uhpabp} ghp |fb mpbd|iho hg d}}hmid|iho}# uhpa mhkki||bb}# hp


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BMRDLHP =


35/38

BMRDLHP =2dc}h uhpabl io |fb zphlrm|iho hg `phmmhci# }redpmdob# dol }|pdu`bppib}/ \fby ubpbdc}h iowhcwbl io `pima+kdaioe dol }kdcc+}mdcb ehcl kioioe/

Ghpmbl mficl cd`hp |hha |fb ghpk hg iowhcro|dpy lhkb}|im uhpa# ghpmbl `beeioe#dol ghpmbl cd`hp io kiob}/ Dc}h# }bb |fb Lbzdp|kbo| hg ]|d|b%} doordc \pdggimaioe ioZbp}ho} Pbzhp|d| uuu/}|d|b/ehw(e(|iz/

\fb cd`hp mhlb# |fb mficl dol dlhcb}mbo| mhlb# dol |fb mho}|i|r|iho }b| |fbkioikrk uhpaioe deb ghp kiohp} d| 42 ghp dcc |yzb} hg cd`hp# dol |fb kdvikrkfhrp} d kiohp kdy uhpa d| }iv fhrp} zbp ldy# giwb ldy} zbp ubba/ \fb cdu ci}|}

nh`} |fd| dpb oh| }ri|d`cb ghp mficlpbo dol zphfi`i|} kiohp} gphk uhpaioe iofd~dplhr} mholi|iho}# iomcrlioe io depimrc|rpb# kiob}# lhkb}|im uhpa# edp`deblrkz}# }cdref|bpfhr}b}# hp io nh`} pbtripioe bvzh}rpb |h |hvim hp ldoebphr}}r`}|domb} hp chrl ohi}b}/ \fb cdu pbtripb} bkzchybp} |h zdy kiohp} |fb }dkb

udeb} pbmbiwbl `y dlrc|} ghp |fb }dkb |yzb hg bkzchykbo|/ Zbodc|ib} ghp wihcd|iho}hg |fb mficl cd`hp cdu} iomcrlb giob} hg ,2: |h ,=:: ghp zdpbo|} hp erdplido} dolgiob} hg ,0:: |h ,4#::: ghp bkzchybp} fipioe mficlpbo cb}} |fdo deb 42/ Dobkzchybp%} `r}iob}} i} }r`nbm| |h mch}rpb ghp pbzbd|bl iogpdm|iho}

\fb Kioi}|pib} hg Cd`hp dol hg Bmhohkim dol ]hmidc Iomcr}iho dol |fb Kiohp}%\pi`rodc boghpmb mficl cd`hp cdu}# `r| boghpmbkbo|# uficb ikzphwioe# ud} oh| grccybggbm|iwb/ \fb 0::7 Od|ihodc Io}|i|r|b hg ]|d|i}|im} dol Mbo}r}%} Mficl Cd`hpOd|ihodc ]rpwby &|fb cd|b}| dwdicd`cb ioghpkd|iho) ghrol |fd| =75#::: mficlpbo`b|ubbo |fb deb} hg giwb dol 4< ubpb boedebl io cd`hp oh| zbpki||bl `y cdu#zpikdpicy uhpaioe io prpdc dpbd} hp io |fb ioghpkdc }bm|hp# mhkzdpbl ui|f 22:#:::io 0::4/ ROIMBG b}|ikd|bl |fb ork`bp hg mficl cd`hpbp} d| dphrol =


36/38

BMRDLHP =7`r}iob}}b} io |fb ioghpkdc }bm|hp# }fioioe }fhb}# hp d} }|pbb| zbllcbp}/ H|fbpmficlpbo ubpb bkzchybl io mhkkbpmb# kb}}boebp }bpwimb}# lhkb}|im }bpwimb}# dol`beeioe/ Mficlpbo d} yhroe d} giwb hp }iv hg|bo }hcl obu}zdzbp} hp mdoly ho |fb}|pbb| |h }rzzhp| |fbk}bcwb} hp drekbo| gdkicy iomhkb/

Io Kdpmf |fb ehwbpokbo| doohrombl d zphepdk# Bmrdlhp ui|fhr| Mficl Cd`hp#dikbl d| bcikiod|ioe dcc ghpk} hg iccbedc mficl cd`hp/ \fb RO Mhkki||bb ho |fbPief|} hg Mficlpbo io Ndordpy oh|bl |fb dkbolkbo| pbedplioe |fb kioikrk deb hg42 dol |fb Od|ihodc Zcdo ghp |fb Zpbwbo|iho dol Zphepb}}iwb Bcikiod|iho hg MficlCd`hp/ Obwbp|fbcb}}# i| bvzpb}}bl mhombpo |fd| kdoy mficlpbo ubpb }|icc zbpghpkioefdpkgrc uhpa# }rmf d} lhkb}|im uhpa ui|f mfdpdm|bpi}|im} hg }cdwbpy# dol bvbmr|ioeldoebphr} |d}a} dphrol edp`deb lrkz}# `dodod zcdo|d|iho}# dol ui|fio |fb }kdcc+}mdcb kioioe iolr}|py# iomcrlioe ghpmbl cd`hp/ Io kh}| hg |fb}b md}b}# mficlpbo liloh| d||bol }mfhhc hp pbmbiwb doy |yzb hg blrmd|iho/ Io Lbmbk`bp |fb ehwbpokbo|

doohrombl |fd| i| fdl zpdm|imdccy bpdlimd|bl mficl cd`hp io edp`deb lrkz}# pblrmioe|fb ork`bp hg mficlpbo uhpaioe |fbpb gphk dphrol 0#::: |h hocy 09/

b/ Dmmbz|d`cb Mholi|iho} hg Uhpa

\fb mho}|i|r|iho kdold|b} do doordc pbwi}iho hg |fb kioikrk udeb |h kd|mf |fbmh}| hg d gdkicy%} `d}im obbl}/ \fb Od|ihodc Mhromic ho ]dcdpib}# d |bmfoimdc debomyrolbp |fb Cd`hp Kioi}|py# dm|bl d} |fb obeh|id|ioe dol dp`i|pd|iho dpk/ Ho Ndordpy42# |fb kioikrk kho|fcy udeb ud} pdi}bl gphk ,046 |h ,0


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BMRDLHP =5\fb cdu ciki|} |fb }|doldpl uhpa zbpihl |h ::d/k/ |h 40>:: d/k/ Uhpa lhob gphk 40>:: d/k/ |h 7>:: d/k/ pbmbiwb} |uimb |fb `d}im}dcdpy# dc|fhref uhpabp} ufh}b }|doldpl }fig| i} d| oief| pbmbiwb d zpbkirk hg 02zbpmbo|/ Zpbkirk zdy dc}h dzzcib} |h uhpa lhob ho ubbabol} dol fhcildy}/Hwbp|ikb i} ciki|bl |h oh khpb |fdo ghrp fhrp} d ldy dol d |h|dc hg 40 fhrp} dubba/ Kdold|hpy hwbp|ikb i} zphfi`i|bl/ Ghpbieo dol kiepdo| uhpabp} dpb }r`nbm||h |fb }dkb cd`hp }|doldpl}/ Wihcd|hp} dpb }r`nbm| |h giob} dol h|fbp cbedc dm|iho/

\fb mho}|i|r|iho zphwilb} ghp |fb fbdc|f dol }dgb|y hg uhpabp} dol |fbpb dpb fbdc|fdol }dgb|y }|doldpl} io |fb cd`hp mhlb# |h `b boghpmbl `y |fb Kioi}|py hg Cd`hpPbcd|iho} dol |fb ]hmidc ]bmrpi|y Lbzdp|kbo| hg Fd~dpl}/ Io |fb ghpkdc }bm|hp#

hmmrzd|ihodc fbdc|f dol }dgb|y ud} oh| d }ieoigimdo| zph`cbk/ \fbpb ubpb oh}zbmigim pbercd|iho} ehwbpoioe fbdc|f dol }dgb|y }|doldpl} io |fb }kdcc+}mdcbdepimrc|rpdc }bm|hp/ \fb cd`hp mhlb }ioecb} hr| |fb fbdc|f dol }dgb|y hg kiobp}1fhubwbp# |fbpb ud} oh boghpmbkbo| hg }dgb|y prcb} io |fb }kdcc kiob} |fd| kdlb rz|fb wd}| kdnhpi|y hg bo|bpzpi}b} io |fb kioioe }bm|hp/

\fb Kioi}|py hg Cd`hp Pbcd|iho} lil oh| lbzchy }rggimibo| pb}hrpmb} |h boghpmbcd`hp cdu}# dol wihcd|iho} ubpb mhkkho/ Uhpabp} lh oh| fdwb |fb pief| |h pbkhwb|fbk}bcwb} gphk }i|rd|iho} |fd| boldoebp fbdc|f hp }dgb|y ui|fhr| nbhzdply |h |fbipbkzchykbo|/

Cd`hp io}zbm|iho} kdy `b mholrm|bl `y dzzhio|kbo|# dc|fhref |fi} ud}romhkkho# hp dg|bp d uhpabp mhkzcdio|/ Ig d uhpabp pbtrb}|} do io}zbm|iho dol dKioi}|py hg Cd`hp Pbcd|iho} io}zbm|hp mhogipk} d uhpazcdmb fd~dpl1 |fd| io}zbm|hp|fbo kdy mch}b lhuo |fb uhpazcdmb/ Io}zbm|iho} dc}h hmmrppbl dg|bp h|fbp |yzb} hgcd`hp mhkzcdio|}/ Cd`hp io}zbm|iho} ebobpdccy hmmrppbl `bmdr}b hg mhkzcdio|}# oh|d} d zpbwbo|d|iwb kbd}rpb/ Io }hkb md}b}# wihcd|iho} ubpb pbkblibl# `r| h|fbp md}b}ubpb }r`nbm| |h cbedc mfdccboeb} |fd| lbcdybl mfdoeb} ghp kho|f}/ Wdpihr} OEH}mcdikbl |fd| mhkzcdio|} `y mbp|dio mcd}}b} hg uhpabp}# }rmf d} kiepdo|} dol

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BMRDLHP =6

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\fb mho}|i|r|iho zph|bm|} }bcg+bkzchybl uhpabp} ufh uhpa io zr`cim dpbd} dolzphfiì|} |fb mhogi}md|iho hg |fbip zphlrm|} hp uhpa |hhc}# d zphwi}iho io|bolbl |h`bobgi| ioghpkdc }bm|hp uhpabp}# }rmf d} }|pbb| wbolhp}/

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