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Gerald Quirchmayr Erich Schweighofer Trevor J.M. Bench-Capon (Eds.)
Database and Expert Systems Applications
9th International Conference, DEXA' 98 Vienna, Austria, August 24-28, 1998 Proceedings
~ Springer
Series Editors
Gerhard Goos, Karlsruhe University, Germany Juris Hartmanis, Cornell University, NY, USA Jan van Leeuwen, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
Volume Editors
Gerald Quirchmayr Universit~it Wien Institut for Angewandte Informatik und Informationssysteme Liebiggasse 4/3-4, A-1010 Wien, Austria E-mail: [email protected]
Erich Schweighofer Universit~it Wien Institut for Vdlkerrecht und Internationale Beziehungen Universitatsstr. 2, A-1090 Wien, Austria E-mail: Erich.Schweighofer @ univie.ac.at
Trevor J.M. Bench-Capon The University of Liverpool, Department of Computer Science Chadwick Building Peach Street, Liverpool L60 7ZF, United Kingdom E-mail: tbc @csc.liv.ac.uk
Cataloging-in-Publication data applied for
Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsauf.nahme
D a t a b a s e a n d exper t sys tems app l i c a t ion s : 9th international conference ; proceedings / DEXA "98, Vienna, Austria, August 24 - 28, 1998. Gerald Quirchmayr ... (ed.). - Berl in ; Heidelberg ; N e w York ; Barcelona ; Budapest ; H o n g K o n g ; London ; Milan ; Paris ; Singapore ; Tokyo : Springer, 1998
(Lecture notes in computer science ; Vol. 1460) ISBN 3-540-64950-6
CR Subject Classification (1991): H.2, 1.2.1, H.3, H.4, H.5
ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 3-540-64950-6 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.
�9 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998 Printed in Germany
Typesetting: Camera-ready by author SPIN 10638287 06/3142 - 5 4 3 2 1 0 Printed on acid-free paper
Preface
The Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA) conferences are regarded as a platform for the exchange of ideas, experiences and opinions among theoreticians and practitioners and for defining requirements for the future systems in the areas of database and artificial intelligence technologies.
The scope of the papers covers the most recent and relevant topics of database and AI systems. The sessions are primarily devoted to active and object-oriented databases, object-oriented modeling, data engineering, information retrieval, workflow and cooperative systems, spatial and temporal aspects, document management, adaption and view updates, genetic algorithms, cooperative and distributed environments, interaction and communication, transactions, partitioning and fragmentation, database queries, data warehouses, knowledge discovery and data mining, knowledge extraction, and methods. More than 200 papers have been submitted from over 36 different countries in all continents, 81 of which have been accepted.
DEXA '98 is the 9 th annual conference after Vienna, Berlin, Valencia, Prague, Athens, London, Zurich and Toulouse. So this year marks the return of DEXA to its place of birth, Vienna, where it was started in 1990.
We would like to express our thanks to all institutions actively sponsoring this event, namely to: University of Vienna, Faculty of Law, DEXA-Association, OCG (Austrian Computer Society), GI (Gesellschaft ftir Informatik), FAW (Unversity of Linz, Austria), Austrian Airlines, City of Vienna, Bank Austria
Many persons have contributed numerous hours to organize this conference. The names of most of them will appear on the following pages.
Special thanks go to Gabriela and Roland Wagner (FAW Linz), A Min Tjoa, Andreas Kurz, and Horst Trixl (TU Vienna University of Technology), Ramona Bruckner, Dieter Scheithauer, Thomas Schierer, Werner Winiwarter, Maria Katsaros, and Barbara Maderbacher (University of Vienna). We are very indebted to all members of the PC and others who have very carefully reviewed the submitted papers.
July 1998
Gerald Quirchmayr, University of Vienna, Austria Trevor Bench-Capon, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom Erich Schweighofer, University of Vienna, Austria
PC Chairs
Program Committee
General Chairperson: N. Revell, Middlesex University, UK
Publication Chairperson: V. Marik, Czech Technical University, Czech Republic
Conference Program Chairpersons: G. Quirchmayr, University of Vienna, Austria T. Bench-Capon, University of Liverpool, UK E. Schweighofer, University of Vienna, Austria
Workshop Chairperson: R.R. Wagner, FAW, University of Linz, Austria
Program Committee Members: H. Afsarmanesh, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands K. Bauknecht, University of Zurich, Switzerland B. Bhargava, Purdue University, USA J. Bing, NRCCL Oslo, Norway J. Bubenko, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden L, Camarinha-Matos, New University of Lisbon, Portugal W.S. Cellary, University of Poznan, Poland S. Christodoulakis, University of Crete, Greece B. Croft, University of Massachusetts, USA J. Debenham, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia P. Drazan, RIKS Maastricht, The Netherlands J. Eder, University of Klagenfurt, Austria T. Eiter, University of Giessen, Germany A.L. Furtado, University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil G. Gardarin, INRIA, France F. Golshani, Arizona State University, USA G. Gottlob, Technical University of Vienna, Austria A. Hameurlain, Universit6 Paul Sabatier, France J. Hammer, University of Florida, USA I. Hawryszkiewycz, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia S. Jajodia, George Mason University, USA Y. Kambayashi, University of Kyoto, Japan M. Kamel, Naval Postgraduate School, USA N. Kamel, City University of Hongkong, Hong Kong G. Kappel, University of Linz, Austria D. Karagiannis, University of Vienna, Austria M.A. Ketabchi, Santa Clara University, USA M.H. Kim, KAIST, Korea
vii
P. Klement, University of Linz, Austria J. Kouloumdjian, LISI-INSA, Lyon, France P. Kroha, Technical University of Chemnitz, Germany J. Lazansky, Czech Technical University, Czech Republic T.W. Ling, University of Singapore, Singapore A. Makinouchi, Kyushu University, Japan V. Marik, Czech Technical Univ., Czech Republic A. Mendelzon, University of Toronto, Canada M. Mohania, University of South Australia, Australia J. Mylopoulos, University of Toronto, Canada E. Neuhold, GMD-IPSI, Germany T.W. Olle, T.W. Olle & Associates, UK G. Ozsoyoglu, University Case Western Research, USA G. Pangalos, University of Thessaloniki, Greece M. Papazoglou, Queens/and University of Technology, Australia B. Pernici, Politecnico di Milano, Italy G. Pemul, University of Essen, Germany I. Ramos, Technical University of Valencia, Spain C. Rolland, University Paris I, France N. Roussopoulos, University of Maryland, USA R. Sacks-Davis, RMIT, Australia M. Scholl, CNAM&INRIA, Paris, France A. Semadas, University of Lisbon, Portugal C. Shahabi, University of Southern California, USA J.C. Smith, University of British Columbia, Canada H. Sonnberger, European University Institute, Italy B. Srinivasan, Monash University, Australia U. Srinivasan, CIRO, Australia R.B. Stanton, ANK, Australia R. Studer, University of Karlsruhe, Germany M. Takizawa, Tokyo Denki University, Japan K. Tanaka, Kobe University, Japan Z. Tari, RMIT, Australia S. Teufel, University of Zurich, Switzerland J.M. Thevenin, University Paul Sabatier, France H.W. Thimbleby, Middlesex University, UK C.H. Thoma, IT pro, Switzerland A M. Tjoa, Technical University of Vienna, Austria R. Traunmtiller, University of Linz, Austria K. Vidyasankar, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada S. Zdonik, Brown University, USA
Table of Contents
Active Databases
Composite Event Management in TriGS - Concepts and Implementation Retschitzegger W.; Austria ............................................................................................ 1
Towards a Semantic Event Service for Distributed Active Database Applications Collet C., Vargas-Solar G., Grazziotin-Ribeiro 11.; France ....................................... 16
Involving Fuzzy Concepts in Active Mobile Databases Saygm Y., Ulusoy 0.; Turkey ...................................................................................... 28
Object-Oriented Systems
An Analytical Study of Object Identifier Indexing NCrvdg K., Bratbergsengen K.; Norway ..................................................................... 38
D O 2 : Deductive Object-Oriented Database System Ling T.-W., Wee B.-T., Lee S.Y.; Singapore ................................................................ 50
Selecting Actions to Trigger in Active Database Applications Kuo H.-C., Ozsoyo~,lu G.; USA ................................................................................... 60
Data Engineering I
Program Understanding in Databases Reverse Engineering Henrard J., Englebert V., Hick J.-M., Roland D., Hainaut J.-L.; Belgium ................. 70
Semantic Based Schema Analysis Masood N., Eaglestone B.; United Kingdom .............................................................. 80
Automatic Derivation of Terminological Properties from Database Schemes Palopoli L., Saccfi D., Ursino D.; Italy ....................................................................... 90
Information Retrieval I
A Novel Integration of OODBMS and Information Retrieval Techniques for a Document Repository Lee C.-H., Chien L.-F.; Taiwan ................................................................................ 100
x
Rectangular Decomposition of Signature File: Design Issues and Performance Evaluation Arour K., Jaoua A.; Tunesie ...................................................................................... 113
Cumulative Duality in Designing Information Brokers Wondergem B. C. M., van Bommel P., van der Weide T. P.; The Netherlands ......... 125
Workflow and Cooperative Systems
A Workflow System Based on Agents Hawryszkiewycz L T., Debenham J.; Australia ......................................................... 135
Multiuser Transactions for Collaborative Database Applications Wieczerzycki W.; Poland ........................................................................................... 145
Spatial and Temporal Aspects
Modeling Phenomena in Spatiotemporal Databases: Desiderata and Solutions Tryfona N.; Denmark ................................................................................................ 155
Rulebase Checking Using a Spatial Representation Coenen F. P.; United Kingdom ................................................................................. 166
Hypermedia Broadcasting with Temporal Links Sumiya K., Noda R., Tanaka Ko; Japan .................................................................... 176
Data Engineering II
Inferring Functional Dependencies in Linearly Ordered Databases Ng W.; Hong Kong .................................................................................................... 186
Building Consistent Sample Databases to Support Information System Evolution and Migration Bisbal J., Wu B., Lawless D., Grimson J.; Ireland .................................................... 196
Process Centred Approach for Developing Tool Support of Situated Methods Souveyet C., Tawbi M.; France ................................................................................. 206
Information Retrieval lI
A Retrieval Language for Historical Documents Aramburu-Cabo M. J., Berlanga-Llavori R.; Spain .................................................. 216
XI
Modeling, Indexing and Retrieving Images Using Conceptual Graphs Ounis L, Pa~ca M.; France ....................................................................................... 226
Applying Document Retrieval Techniques in Software Engineering Environments Henrich A.; Germany ................................................................................................ 240
Document Management I
Browsing SGML Documents with Maps: The French ,,Inventaire,, Experience Amann B., Vodislav D., Fernandes J., Coste G.; France .......................................... 250
An Application-Oriented Approach for HyTime Structured Document Management Andres F., Buford, J; USA., Ono K.; Japan .............................................................. 260
Spatial Databases
Qualitative Spatial Relationships Representation IO&T and its Retrieval Ang C. H., Ling T. W., Zhou X. M.; Singapore ......................................................... 270
A Qualitative Approach to Integration in Spatial Databases El-Geresy B. A., Abdelmoty A. I.; United Kingdom .................................................. 280
SVIQUEL: A Spatial Visual Query and Exploration Language Kaushik S., Rundensteiner E. A.; USA ...................................................................... 290
Adaptation and View Updates
View Adaptation in Data Warehousing Systems Bellahsene Z.; France ............................................................................................... 300
Query Containment Checking as a View Updating Problem Farrd C., Teniente E., Urpi T.; Spain ....................................................................... 310
View Updates Translations in Relational Databases Bentayeb F., Laurent D.; France .............................................................................. 322
Genetic Algorithms
Optimisation of Active Rule Agents Using a Genetic Algorithm Approach Nonas E., Poulovassilis A.; United Kingdom ............................................................ 332
•
Optimization of Constrained Queries with a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm lkeji A. C., Fotouhi F.; USA ....................................................................................... 342
Invited Lecture
Highlights of the SAMMOA Framework for Object-Oriented Application Modeling Hesse, W.; Germany, Mayr H.C.; Austria ................................................................. 353
Cooperative and Distributed Environments
Virtual Enterprises and Federated Information Sharing Afsarmanesh H., Garita C., Hertzberger L. 0.; The Netherlands ............................. 374
Facilitating Virtual Representation of CAD Data Through a Learning Based Approach to Conceptual Database Evolution Employing Direct Instance Sharing Rashid A., Sawyer P.; United Kingdom .................................................................... 384
Evaluation of the Strength of Computer Aided Method Engineering for Product Development Process Modeling Dahanayake A. N. W.; The Netherlands ................................................................... 394
Interaction and Communication
Distributed Light-Weight Persistence in Java - A Tour on RMI- and CORBA- Based Solutions Kappel G., Schr6der B.; Austria ............................................................................... 411
Specifying the Interaction Between Information Sources Bench-Capon T. J. M.; United Kingdom ................................................................... 425
HEROS: A Heterogeneous Object-Oriented Database System Antunes-Uch6a, E. M., Lifschitz S., Melo R. N.; Brasil ............................................ 435
Transactions I
An Architecture for Nested Transaction Support on Standard Database Systems Boertjes E.M., Grefen P.W.P.J., Vonk J., Apers P.M.G.; The Netherlands .............. 448
Transaction-Based Coordination of Software Agents Pitoura E.; Greece .................................................................................................... 460
Object-Based Group Protocol Enokido T., Higaki H., Takizawa M.; Japan ............................................................. 470
•
Advanced Applications I
Aurora: An Architecture for Dynamic and Adaptive Work Sessions in Open Environments Marazakis M., Papadakis D., Nikolaou C.; Greece .................................................. 480
Design of Secure Distributed Medical Database Systems Khair M., Mavridis L, Pangalos G.; Lebanon, Greece ............................................. 492
Modeling of Subjective Interpretation for Street Landscape Image Shibata T., Kato T.; Japan ........................................................................................ 501
Document Management II
Extend Dexter Model to Capture More Semantics of Hypermedia Wang B.; United Kingdom ........................................................................................ 511
A Generic Framework for Structured Document Access Fourel F., Mulhem P., Bruandet M.-F.; France ....................................................... 521
An Evolvable Personal Advisor to Optimize Internet Search Technologies Montebello M., Gray W. A., Hurley S.; United Kingdom .......................................... 531
Temporal Aspects
Indexing Valid Time Intervals Bozkaya T., Ozsoyoglu M.; USA ............................................................................... 541
Indexing Time-Series Databases for Inverse Queries Nanopoulos A., Manolopoulos ii.; Greece ................................................................ 551
Implementing Embedded Valid Time Query Languages Vassilakis C,, Georgiadis P., Sellis T.; Greece ......................................................... 561
Transactions II
On the Correctness of a Transaction Model for Mobile Computing Madria S. K., Bhargava B.; Singapore, USA ............................................................ 573
A Single-Phase Non-blocking Atomic Commitment Protocol Abdallah M., Pucheral P.; France ............................................................................ 584
A Global Garbage Collector for Federated Database Management Systems Mulatdro F., Th~venin J.-M., Bazex P.; France ........................................................ 596
xIv
Advanced Applications II
Rule-Based Management of Routing Plans in CIM Systems WOfl W.; Austria ........................................................................................................ 610
Applications of Model-Based Co*operative Agents in Production Planning ~t~pdnkovd 0., P~chou~ek M., Ma~ik V., La[ansl~ J.; Czech Repulic ..................... 620
Open Architecture for Natural Language Distributed Systems Yamani A., Al-Zobaidie A., lbrahim M.; United Kingdom ........................................ 631
Oriented Systems
Join Processing in Web Databases Bhowmick S. S., Ng W.-K., Lim E.-P., Madria S.K.; Singapore ................................ 647
TENTACLE: A Database System for the World Wide Web Welz M., Wood P.; South Africa, United Kingdom ................................................... 658
Workey: A Method and Tool to Build Web-Enabled Workflows Chappelet J.-L., Le Grand A.; Switzerland ............................................................... 668
Partitioning and Fragmentation
Attribute-Pair Range Rules Robinson J., Lowden B.G. 7".; United Kingdom ......................................................... 680
Query-Driven Horizontal Class Partitioning for Object-Oriented Databases Bellatreche L, Karlapalem K., Basak G. K.; Hong Kong ........................................ 692
An Extended Meta Model for Conditional Fragmentation Bakker J. A.; The Netherlands .................................................................................. 702
Database Queries
Query by Example for Nested Tables Lorentzos N. A., Dondis K. A.; Greece ...................................................................... 716
A New Heuristic for Optimizing Large Queries Fegaras L.; USA ....................................................................................................... 726
Discovery of User-Interests from Range Queries Du X., Liu Z, Ishii N.; Japan .................................................................................... 736
xv
Data Warehouses
Database Architecture for Data Warehousing: An Evolutionary Approach Samos J., Saltor F., Sistac J., BardJs A.; Spain ........................................................ 746
An Integrated Platform for the Evaluation of Spatial Query Processing Strategies Gurret C., Rigaux P.; France .................................................................................... 757
On Updating the Data Warehouse from Multiple Data Sources Kouba Z., Matou~ek K., Miklovsk~ P., Jt~pdnkovd 0.; Czech Republic .................. 767
Concurrent Warehouse Maintenance without Compromising Session Consistency Teschke M., Ulbrich A.; Germany ............................................................................. 776
Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining
Mining Flexible Multiple-Level Association Rules in All Concept Hierarchies Shen L., Shen H.; Australia ....................................................................................... 786
A Framework for Temporal Data Mining Chen X., Petrounias I.; United Kingdom .................................................................. 796
KD in FM: Knowledge Discovery in Facilities Management Databases Goulbourne G., Coenen F., Leng P.; United Kingdom ............................................. 806
CIA's View of the World and what Neural Networks Learn from it: A Comparison of Geographical Document Space Representation Metaphors Merkl D., Rauber A.; Austria .................................................................................... 816
Knowledge Extraction
Learning Concepts from Databases Miura T., Shioya I.; Japan ........................................................................................ 826
Rule Extraction Using Rough Sets when Membership Values are Intervals de Korvin A., Quirchmayr G., Hashemi S., Kleyle R.; USA, Austria ........................ 841
Using Semantic Links for Reuse in Knowledge Base Systems Messaadia K., Oussalah M.; France ......................................................................... 851
Incremental Updating of Classification Rules Shao J.; United Kingdom .......................................................................................... 861
XVI
Knowledge Base Reduction for Comprehension and Reuse Purposes
Declarative Semantics for Active Rules Flesca S., Greco S.; Italy .......................................................................................... 871
Towards Visual Schemas in Deductive Databases Puigsegur J., Agustf J., Pastor J. A.; Spain, USA ..................................................... 881
Incorporating Methods and Encapsulation into Deductive Object-Oriented Database Languages Liu M.; Canada ......................................................................................................... 892
Author Index ............................................................................................................ 903