Education and society: efficiency, equity and development

FS Hung

Educational efficiency

• Educational input– Student characteristics

• Student ability• Family background

– School characteristics• School culture• Teachers’ background

Educational efficiency

• Educational input– Community characteristics

• Government funding• Student population • Socio-economic characteristics• Private sector’s contribution & donations to schoo

ling• Culture of community support to schooling

Educational efficiency

• Educational output– Student achievement

• Test score

– School performance• Value-added• Student drop-out rate• Student completion rate• Student admission rate• School as a learning community

Educational equity

• Equal educational opportunity– In terms of input– In terms of process– In terms of output

Educational equity

• Educational equity– Horizontal equity

• Students who are of same situation should be treated equally

– Vertical equity• Students who are of different situation should be tr

eated unequally

Education and Development

• Life chance of an individual, in terms of– Job security– Career opportunities– Income – Job satisfaction– Further learning opportunities

Education and Development

• Development of a society– Social

• Cohesion• Mobility

– Political• Civic society• democracy

– Economic• Growth• distribution