Education in IsraelPresented by Dr. Michal Golan

The MOFET Institute

Outline

• About the MOFET Institute

• The Israeli Education System

• Issues on the Israeli agenda

• Reforms (some examples)

• Reforms in Teacher Education

• Final Remarks

About the MOFET Institute

The MOFET Institute as a Center for the Research and Program Development for Teacher Educators

Mofet's Three Main Missions are: • To Facilitate the Professional

Development of Teacher Educators

• To Assist in the Establishment and Broadening of the Knowledge Base of Teacher Education.

• To Lead Professional Discourse in Education

About the MOFET Institute

MOFET Frames of Action:

• Studies

• Writing

• Research

• Peer Learning

• Technology in Education

• Information Center

• Communication Center

• International Channel

The Israeli Education System

Dynamic Society

• Constant Immigration Society

• Rich and Diverse Cultural Life

• Innovation in Many Areas of Research and Development

• Prosperity in Business and Economics

• Scientific Publications Per Capita

• Great Achievements in Science

• Developments in Astrophysics, Computer Science, Molecular Biology and Many More

Characteristic

• Diversity

• Multi Cultural

• Sectorial

• Inclusive

• Formal and Informal

• Value Education (Tradition, Society, Tolerance and Etc.)

• Compulsory and Free (Special Education- Up to 21)

Israeli Society

Israel Has 8.0M Citizens

80%

16%

2% 2%

% of Residents

Jewish Arabs Christians Druze

Volansky, A. (2007). The Israeli education system

Educational Sectors

73.30%

19.20%

5.40%

2.10% 0.03

Jewish

Arabs

Bedouin

Druze

Circassian Communities

Volansky, A. (2007). The Israeli education system

Central “Players” (Authorities)

1. Ministry of Education

2. Local Authorities

3. Teachers Unions

• Politically Influenced

• Short Term Planned

• Frequent Changes/Reforms

Pupils Divided by Age Groups (2013)

427,192

931,970

273,720

383,619

Pre-SchoolEducation

ElementaryEducation

Junior High High School

Total Sum: 2,016,501

.התרבות והספורט, סוגיות מרכזיות שנדונו בוועדת החינוך–מערכת החינוך בישראל

והמידע של הכנסתהמחקר מרכז

Pre-School Education

• Ages Birth- 3: Private Education

• Age 3-6: State Compulsory Education

• Holistic Attitude

• Informal Learning

• Life Skills and Knowledge Base

• Real-life Oriented

Elementary Education

• Ages 6-12

• Holistic Attitude

• Home Class Teacher

• Knowledge Base Centered

• Life Skills

• Small Neighborhood Schools

Junior High Education

• Age 12-16

• Larger Schools

• Integration

• Disciplinary Directed

High school Education

• Age 16-18

• Personal Choice of knowledge Stream

• Matriculation Driven

• Teacher with Master Degree

in the Discipline

• Informal Education

• Youth Movements

Schools Vs Classrooms

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

1948 1969 1989 1999 2009 2011 2012 2013

Schools

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

1948 1969 1989 1999 2009 2011 2012 2013

Classrooms

.התרבות והספורט, סוגיות מרכזיות שנדונו בוועדת החינוך–מערכת החינוך בישראל

והמידע של הכנסתהמחקר מרכז

Overcrowded Classrooms

Investing in Education

Parents Investing in Education

Non-Profit Organization

• 4000-6000 Organizations (N.G.O. & N.F.O) Involved in Education

• 17% Of all Philanthropic Money

• Open-Door Policy

(Lack Of Regulation & Information)

Non-Profit Organization in

EducationOther

2%Training and and

3%

Special needs6%

Community6%

Values9%

Science9%

Filling the gap11%

Life skills &

Expertise13%

Enrichment19%

Strengthening22%

Dr. Bat Chen Weinheber et al, 2007

Non-Profit Organization

Pros

• Tailor- Made Curriculum

• Resources

• Community of Volunteers

• Novelty and Innovation

• Local and Global

Cons

• Inequality

• Lack of Regulation

• Lack of Supervision

• Filling the Void Left by Budget Cuts

Teachers Gender, Age Groups and Sectors

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

JewishEducation-Elementary

JewishEducation-High School

ArabEducation-Elementary

ArabEducation-High School

Women

Men

.התרבות והספורט, סוגיות מרכזיות שנדונו בוועדת החינוך–מערכת החינוך בישראל

.המחקר והמידעמרכז

Higher Education

Higher Education2014/152012/132004/051990/91Institutions

8877Research Universities

1111Open University

2222Art Academies

101160Comprehensive Colleges

7772Engineering Colleges

2122277Teacher Training Colleges

161672Non-Budgeted Colleges

65675721Total

310,000303,000245,00089,000Students * *

* Expected* Not including branches of foreign institutions

ג"המלאתר -אודות מערכת ההשכלה הגבוהה בישראל נתונים רשמיים

Facts & Figures

2014/15*2013/142012/13

310,125307,020303,319Students

238,420236,720233,570Bachelor

59,45558,15557,880Master

10,86010,72010,655Ph.D.

1,3901,4251,214Diploma* Expected

ג"המלאתר -אודות מערכת ההשכלה הגבוהה בישראל נתונים רשמיים

Some Issues on our Agenda

Teaching Work Force

• Lack of Teachers

• Declined Teacher’s Status

• Complexity of Teaching Profession

• Overcrowded Classes

• Relatively Low Wages

• Aging Profession

Frequent Pedagogical Changes

• Central System

• Politically Influenced

• High Pressure

• Need for Changing Expertise

Orthodox Jewish Sector

• Constantly Growing Sector

• 25% Of all Children in the Jewish Sector

• Centralized Mainly on Religious Studies

• Lack of Core Curriculum Domains

• Difficulties in Participating in the Labor Market

• Isolation

Resource Allocation

• The Budget is Not Transparent to the Public

• Bureaucracy

• Small Degrees of Freedom

Cultural Diversity

• Curriculum Adaptation; Adjustment

• Identity Formation

• Teaching Language; Spoken Language

• Equity of Opportunities

Achievement Gaps

• Influence of Socio-Economic Status

• Influence of Geographic Location

• Inequality in Access to Human Resources

and Technology

• Traditional Teaching

Teacher’s Attrition

• High Rate of Dropout in the First Five Years of

Teaching

• Gap Between Teacher Education and Reality

• Difficulties in Induction Stage

• Burn Out : Frequent Changes; Crowded

Classes; Poor Physical Conditions; Parents

Involvement

Reforms (some examples)

Reforms, Goals and Achievements

To Raise The Achievement of Pupils and Allow Them

to Integrate in Society.

Three Main Explanations:

1. Adjust the System to the Political and Global

Economic Needs

2. Maintaining Balance in Society

3. Political Preference (Manipulation?)

Reforms Over the Years

• Required Education by Law (1949)

• State Education Law (1951)

• Establishment of Junior High (1968)

• Schools Self Management (1992)

• Reading acquiring reform (2002)

• Equality in education reform (2003)

• The New Horizon (Ofek Hadash) (2008)

• Empowering Innovative Education (Oz Latmora) (2012)

Education by Law

Required Education by Law

• Obligatory and Free Education for Children

Aged 14-5

• All Children Should Attend School and Receive

Primary Education

State Education Law

• Education Framework Provided by the State and not

by Political Parties

Required education by law Amendment (2012)

• Free Education Law for Children Aged 3-4

• Establish New Kindergartens and Recruit Teachers

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Age 3 Age 4

Jewish

Arabs

Number of Children in Public Schools

טאובמרכז . קשיים והצעות לפתרון: 4–3לגילאי יישום חוק לימוד חובה

Establishment of Junior High

The Reform Has Four Separate Components:

1. Educational Integration

2. Extending Compulsory Education by One Year

3. Empowering Teachers Professionalization

4. New Learning Programs

School Self Management

• Decentralization - Local Needs Oriented

• Heads and Staff Autonomy

• Values-Oriented

• Activity-Based

Equality in Education Reform

• The Principle of Equality

• Social Responsibility to Reduce Gaps

• Exploiting the Capabilities of Each Child

• Justified Distribution of

Resources

• Schools – Community

Partnership

New Horizon

Expanded Working Hours

• Frontal Hours (26 Hr)

• Individualized Hours (5 Hr)

• Class Management (5 hr)

Improved Wages

• Increased Salary

• Gradual Rank Increase

• Special Duties Coordinators

Professional Development

• Structured P.D. Program

• Definition of P.D. Demands/Contents

• Definition of Learning Frames

• “In-house” Learning

• Individual and Organizational

“Oz La-Tmora” Reform

• Building Teachers Professional Communities

and Collaboration

• Quality Time for Small Group of Students

According to Their Needs

• Empower School Principals and

Management

Strength for Compensation

Expanded Working Day

• Frontal hours (24 hr)

• Individualized hours (6 hr)

• Class management (10 hr)

Improved Wages

• Increased salary 51 %

• Time clock

Professional Development

• Structured

• Individualized

• Schools Driven

Reforms in Teacher

Education

Reforms in Teacher Education

Categories to Examine Teaching Reform:

• Admission Colleges Have Increased Over the Years

• Teacher Educators Need Master's Degree and

Work Experience

• Education Studies Have Expanded and Deepened.

• Academization of Educational Colleges

• Increase the Number of College Years

Final Remarks

Global Changes and Education

Changes in the 21st Century and Their Impact on the Education

• Information Age and Interpersonal Communication

• Information Literacy

• Increasing Disparities in Income

Educational Policy:

• Society's Knowledge Base

• Society Culture

Pedagogy in the 21st Century

Resources Available to Schools:

• Equipping with Computers

• Budgets

• Content Development and Curricula Adaptation

• Pedagogical Management Software

• Expanding Curriculum

Main Challenge: All Teachers at School Will Integrate Technology in their Teaching Properly.

Reducing the Gap

Four Ways to Prevent Distribution to Grade Groupings:

1. Teaching Core Subjects in Pairs = Two Teachers

2. Significant Reduction of Class Size

3. Mentor Teacher to Assist Students with Difficulties

4. Hours for Individual and Group Instruction for the Struggling Learners

Thank For Your Attention!

• Volansky, A. (2007). The Israeli education system. International Encyclopaedia of Education.

, החינוךמרכזיות שנדונו בוועדת סוגיות –מערכת החינוך בישראל (2013).•. והמידעמרכז המחקר . והספורטהתרבות

http://www.knesset.gov.il/mmm/data/pdf/m03160.pdf

? נראית מערכת החינוך בישראלאיך OECD-הח "דו(. 2013). ל, דטל• The Marker.הרפורמותשכר המורים עדיין נמוך למרות , הכיתות צפופות

http://www.themarker.com/news/1.2054600

מדינת ישראל משרד . רפורמות במערכת החינוך(. 2011. )מ, וידיסלבסקי•.החינוך המנהל הפדגוגי האגף לחינוך יסודי

יישום חוק לימוד חובה לגילאי(. 2013)ח , בלייך, נ, בלס•

המדיניות החברתית לחקר טאובמרכז . קשיים והצעות לפתרון: 4–3•בישראל

המגזר השלישי והפילנתרופיה העסקית בחינוך(. 2007)ב , וינהבר•

. ומאפייניםמגמות •http://ftp.beitberl.ac.il/~bbsite/edu/merkazim/tichnun_limudim/new

sletter/newsletter2/topic1.htm

נתונים רשמיים אודות מערכת ההשכלה הגבוהה •http://che.org.il/?page_id=6802בישראל

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• Dr. Liat Josefsberg Ben-Yehoshua(Head of the Intercollegiate Information Center)

• Dr. Nathan Berber (Editor in chief Portal MASA)

• Dr. Pnina Katz (Editor and Coordinator of the Academic Journal "Dapim“ and Portal MASA)

• Yael Shertzer- Glaser (Information specialist)