Effect of Reinforcement of Palm Fiber Base and Carbon Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Composite Material With Epoxy Resin

8/3/2019 Effect of Reinforcement of Palm Fiber Base and Carbon Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Composite Material With Epoxy Resin

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SU-ERBIL 2011The International Scientific Conference of

Salahaddin University

ErbilOctober 18-20, 2011

Erbil , Kurdistan, Iraq


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Effect of reinforcement ofpalm fiber base and carbon

fiber on the mechanicalproperties of composite

material with Epoxy ResinAsst. Prof. Dr. Hani Aziz Ameen

Ameer Tofan Shafiq

AbdulWahab Ahmed DaudTechnical College- Baghdad


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Objective of the Work

The objective was to investigate the influenceof base of palm fiber on the mechanical

properties of composite material and comparedit with carbon fiber.


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Abstract The experimental of testing of laminate plate from fiber glass two layers

arranged in (30,60) orientation and third layer from base of palm fiber

with (0

) orientation . The measurements and relationship of various loadswith various deflections is investigated the effect of using base of palmfiber on flexural properties of fiber glass specimens. The tests determinethe flexural properties, flexural modules (stiffness) and strength for eachcase (i.e with base of palm fiber and with carbon fiber).

The developed finite element solution (numerical solution) formulation, for

the analysis (fiber-reinforced) laminated plate are presented. The results are divided into two parts; the first part of results consists of

material properties of the composite materials where this group has beentested experimentally with base of palm and with carbon fibers. The secondpart containing groups with the analytical outcome that depend on thefinite element method using the ANSYS program in which the effect base

of palm fiber on the mechanical properties of composite material (E-glassfiber + base of palm fiber + Epoxy resin) is investigated. Samples were manufacturing and examined using three point bending test

method in order to assess the effect of base of palm fiber on the strengthmodulus. Results show that the base of palm fiber has clearly effect on themechanical properties of composite materials, that the composite materialswith base of palm fiber has the mechanical properties less than with carbon

fiber in bending test


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IntoductionA number of investigations have been conducted on several types of naturalfibers such as banana and ramie to study the effect of these fibers on themechanical properties of composite materials (natural fibers + Epoxy + E-Glass). Frederico studied the temperature variation of the dynamic-mechanical parameters of epoxy matrix composites incorporated with up to30% in volume of ramie fiber were investigated by DMA tests. Manoj studiedthe mechanical properties of epoxy resin with fly ash such as compressive

strength and impact strength . Lina studied the process for the production ofthe banana fiber reinforced composite materials with a thermoset, suitable forautomotive and transportation industry application. Maleque studied theeffect of banana fiber on the mechanical properties (tensile, Flexural andimpact test).

In this study the influence of base of palm fiber on the mechanical propertiesof composite material and compared it with carbon fiber, in which themechanical properties of glass/epoxy two layer arranged in orientation(30,60) is investigated .


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Preparation of specimens

The method that is used in the present work for

manufacturing the laminated composite plate ishand lay-up.

Preparing the base of palm fiber as shown in

Fig(1).


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Fig.(1) Base palm fiber


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Arranged the E-glass in orientation(30,60) and the distance 0 mm as shown

in Fig(2).

Fig.(2) manufacturing the specimen


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The application of E-glass fiber in the resin layer with the consideredorientation (theta) (30,60) as shown in Fig(2). One of the fiberssheet is put upon this resin. After that a quantity of epoxy resinadded over the fiber layer, and then another sheet of base of palm

fiber in orientation (0) and another theta is put upon this resin inusing a suitable hand roller to compact the material to remove anyentrapped air. This process is repeated until the total design numberof layers is achieved as shown in Fig(3). Again, repeat the abovesteps but with carbon fiber. After that, the plate was cut into several

samples 250*38*8 according to ASTM standard D3039 for testingthree point bending test.

Epoxy Layer

E-Glass Layer

Epoxy Layer

E-Glass Layer

Base of palm Layer

Fig.(3) section of the specimen


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Fig(4) three bending moment device


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Measurements of force/deflections were taken every 0.5 sand sketched graphs between these values as shown inFigs.(5,6).

Fig.(5) Force vs extension

( percentage) for the composite

material using base of palm

Fig.(6) Force vs extension( percentage) for the

composite material using carbon fiber


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Model Generation by ANSYS

The two Dimensional model of specimen is done with element shell99.Fig.(7) shows the specimen model and its boundary conditions in ANSYSfor three point bending.

Fig.(7) Mesh and boundary conditions


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Results and Discussion Two specimens of composite material are

tested; with base of palm fiber and withcarbon fiber, which manufactured from

(E glass fiber & epoxy resin) under three -

point bending in order to see the effect ofpalm fiber on the material properties.

After test procedure the force -

displacement curve obtained as shown inFig.(8)


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Fig.(8) Force vs extension (%) for base of palm and carbon fiber


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Composite Material Width(mm)

Thickness

(mm)Max.

Force (N)Modulus

of

Elasticity

(MPa)With base of palm fiber 42 13 370 1565With carbon fiber 42 13 1023 462

From that it can be obtained the mechanical properties forthe composite material with base of palm fiber and withcarbon fiber are shown in the table (1).

The stress distribution along the specimens of bending tests are illustrated in Figs.(9 & 10)which obtained by using finite element method via ANSYS program.


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Fig.(10) Stress distribution of the specimen for

the composite material using carbon fiberFig.(9) Stress distribution of the

specimen for the composite materialusing base of palm


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From the results, it can be observed that the base of palm fiber and carbon

fiber element has got clearly effect on the mechanical properties of the

composite material, the mechanical properties are decreased when the

base of palm fiber is used than the carbon fiber element adding to the

epoxy to produce composite material as shown in table (1). The reason of

this result belongs to the increasing of hardness of material when the

carbon fiber employed with the epoxy as a risen.

The value of max. bending stress of composite material with carbon fiber

greater than the composite material with base of palm fiber as shown inFig.(9 &10). The reason of low value of the ultimate stress for this

composite material belongs to the mesh of fiber glass and thickness of

matrix which cause in decreasing the elongation under tensile load because

the value of young modulus is reasonable and this observed clearly when

the base of palm fiber is used with the epoxy as a risen material.The arrangement of fiber glass with thickness of matrix used in this study

to produce a composite material can be given a good strength in bending

especially.


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Conclusions

The base of palm fiber has clearly effecton the mechanical properties of

composite materials.

Composite materials with base of palm

has the mechanical properties less than

with carbon fiber .


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Conclusions

The base of palm fiber has clearly effect onthe mechanical properties of compositematerials.

Composite materials with base of palm hasthe mechanical properties less than with

carbon fiber .

Documents

Effect of Reinforcement of Palm Fiber Base and Carbon Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Composite Material With Epoxy Resin