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Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H. Brophy, David Kovacevic, Carl W. Imhauser, Mark Stasiak, Asheesh Bedi, Alice J.S. Fox, Xiang-Hua Deng, and Scott A. Rodeo J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 93(4):381-393 February 16, 2011 ©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

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Example of animal connected to loading device. Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93: ©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

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Page 1: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL

Reconstruction in a Rat Model

by Robert H. Brophy, David Kovacevic, Carl W. Imhauser, Mark Stasiak, Asheesh Bedi, Alice J.S. Fox, Xiang-Hua Deng, and Scott A. Rodeo

J Bone Joint Surg AmVolume 93(4):381-393

February 16, 2011

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 2: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Example of mounted external fixator on specimen with Keith needle in place.

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 3: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Example of animal connected to loading device.

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 4: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Example of negative control histology (mouse anti-rat ED1– microphage stain; original magnification, ×20).

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 5: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

ED1 staining (mouse anti-rat ED1-macrophage stain) showing inflammatory macrophages in the tissue of a rat from the immobilized group killed at two weeks (original magnification, ×20).

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 6: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Factor VIII staining (rabbit anti-human factor VIII, DAKO) showing endothelial cells in the tissue of a rat from the immobilized group killed at four weeks (original magnification, ×20).

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 7: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Procollagen staining (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) revealing collagen synthesis in the tissue of a rat from the immobilized group killed at four weeks (original magnification, ×20).

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 8: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 9: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 10: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Graph showing the mean daily loading curve (and standard deviation) of the rats that underwent daily loading for two weeks or four weeks.

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 11: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Graph showing the mean stiffness data (and standard deviation) from isolated bone-tendon-bone specimens.

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Page 12: Effect of Short-Duration Low-Magnitude Cyclic Loading Versus Immobilization on Tendon-Bone Healing After ACL Reconstruction in a Rat Model by Robert H

Graph showing the mean load-to-failure data (and standard deviation) from isolated bone-tendon-bone specimens.

Robert H. Brophy et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93:381-393

©2011 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.