EFR and First Aid

8/6/2019 EFR and First Aid

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EFR and

First Aid


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EFR

emergency first response

identifying and responding to injury or

illness that may be life threatening oraffect the future quality of life

opening up the window


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Legal note

if a responsive adult refuses emergency

case you do not force it on that person.

for children we obtain consent from aparent or guardian otherwise we legally

and morally in loco parentis

good samaritan laws

for EU if we are supervising children we

must have a properly stocked First Aid kit


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Responder statement


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Emotional aspects of being an

emergency first responder


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Developing your skills and keeping

them fresh


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Lead a healthy lifestyle


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Barriers

gloves

masks for rescue breathing

eye or face shields scrub hands and other areas with

antibacterial soap

however no record of HIV transmissionfrom a patient to emergency first

responder


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Recognising life-threatening

problems [1]: heart attack chest pain

uncomfortable pressure squeezing

intermittent may feel similar to heartburn/indigestion

sometimes nausea, shortness of breath,

dizziness, sweating, fainting victims often dismissive


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problems [2]: cardiac arrest victim does not respond to speech or

touch

no signs of circulation [no movement,breathing or coughing]


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problems [3]: stroke numbness, paralysis or weakness of face

or limb

speech difficulties facial droop

unexplained headache

sudden blurred or decreased vision in oneor both eyes


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problems [4]: choking cant speak

victims often becomes embarrassed

[ERCsupport chest, lean patient forwardand back blowsif no success then]

abdominal thrust[s] [not for infant]


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problems [5]: heat stroke hot, dry, flushed skin, no sweating

disorientated, confused or unconscious


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ABCDS orlifeline


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A

assessresponder statement; tapping,

grasping or squeezing shoulder to gain

patients attention

apply barriers

alert....199 or112ERC protocol requires

that you check breathing before alerting

EMS

airway


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B

breathingear close to mouthwatch

chestbreathing NOT gaspingERC no

more than 10s then

1 rescue breath per second


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C

circulationneck not wristwhy?

ERC 5 rescue breaths then

30 compressions: 2 rescue breaths hard and fastERC 100compressions/minute

http://bit.ly/bJg7ox

http://bit.ly/92dhW7


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D

defibrillation

http://bit.ly/bKr6Oc


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S

spinal injuryDO NOT move except if in

further danger OR for rescue breaths

and/or chest compressions

severe bleeding

shock [circulatory]


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Spinal injury

Treat as spinal injury if

traffic or car accident

falling from a height greater than victimsheight

severe blow to head, neck or back

swimming pool, head-first dive accident

lightning strike

serious impact injury


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Circulatory shock

rapid, weak pulse

pale or bluish tissue colour

moist, clammy skinpossibly with shivering

mental confusion altered consciousness

nausea and perhaps vomiting

thirst

lacklustre eyes, dazed look shallow, but rapid, laboured breathing

maintain body temperature


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Recovery position

unresponsive but circulation and breathing

detected

continue AB

CD

S


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Scene assessment [1]


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First Aid

secondary response

responding to non-life threatening or

permanently harming injuries and illness only for conscious, responsive patients

nil by mouthwhy?


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Injury assessment

head to toe

move finger side to side in front of eyes

look, listen, feel head, neck or back painSTOP, do NOT

move, alert, ABCDS


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Illness assessment / SAMPLE


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S

symptoms


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A

allergies


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M

medication


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P

pre-existing condition


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L

last meal


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E

events


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Splinting

Documents

EFR and First Aid