efu # kl/R5]b – ! 5'6 hUuf btf · hUuf k|zf;g sfo {ljlw – 3 cf_ kz'klt ljsfz If ]q sf ]if cGt/ut hoafu ]Zj/L e08f/ tx;Ln, kz 'kltgfy e08f/ txjLn, kz'kltgfy cdfn sf ]6 srx/L lhDdf

$Page 1: efu # kl/R5]b – ! 5'6 hUuf btf · hUuf k|zf;g sfo {ljlw – 3 cf_ kz'klt ljsfz If ]q sf ]if cGt/ut hoafu ]Zj/L e08f/ tx;Ln, kz 'kltgfy e08f/ txjLn, kz'kltgfy cdfn sf ]6 srx/L lhDdf$
hUuf k|zf;g sfo{ljlw – 1

hUuf k|zf;g sfo{ljlw efu #

kl/R5]b – ! 5'6 hUuf btf{

!=! 5'6 hUuf btf{sf] eg]sf] s] xf] < !=!=! æhUufÆ eGgfn] ;fdfGotof hdLg, v]taf/L, h'g;'s} hUuf / To;df :yfoL ¿kn]

/x]sf] 3/, 6x/f, Odf/t, afu au}Frf, ?v, sf/vfgf, tfn kf]v/L cflb tyf To;df :yfoL ¿kn] hf]l8Psf] s'/fx¿ ;d]t ePsf] v]t, af/Lsf] ;d'bfo jf v]taf/Lsf] ;di6L ¿knfO{ a'emfpF5 . -hUuf gfkhfFr P]g, @)!(, hUuf k|fKtL P]g @)#$, ;fj{hlgs ;8s P]g @)#!, gu/ljsf; P]g @)$%, sf7df8f}F pkTosf ljsf; k|flws/0f P]g @)$%_ o; k|;+udf hUuf hdLg eGgfn] s;}sf] xsef]udf /x]sf] jf /xg ;Sg] cfjfbL hGo Joxf]/f hgfpg] h'g;'s} hUuf / To;df :yfoL ¿kdf h8fg ePsf] h'g;'s} j:t'nfO{ ;d]t ;Demg' k5{ .

!=!=@ btf{ eg]sf] s] xf] < btf{ eGgfn] bg]{ sfd, r9fpg] sfd, axL jf /lh:6/ cflbdf hgfpg] sfd / btf{ x'g] zAbn] btf{ ul/g', gfd kg'{, blh{g' eGg] a'lemG5 .

!=!=# 5'6 eg]sf] s] xf] < 5'6 eGg] zAbn] s'g} k|;+usf] qmd /f]lsg', lj/fpg', uNtL x'g' jf e'Ng', afFsL /xg' jf x6\g', sfd ubf{ e'n kg'{ cflb cy{ a'lemG5 .

!=!=$ 5'6 hUuf btf{ eg]sf] s] xf] < 5'6 hUuf btf{ eGgfn] ;fljsdf cyf{t\ ;'? gfkL cl3sf] lhDdfjfn, d'lvof, tfn'sbf/, k6af/L, y/L, lhldbf/ cflbsf nutdf bl/O{ jf btf{ eO{ jf clen]vj4 eO{ jf gfd hlgO{ csf]{ r/0fdf jf qmddf jf csf]{ k4ltdf k|j]z ubf{ cyf{t\ ;'? lsQf gfkL x'Fbf gfk–gS;f eO{ jf geO{ jf btf{ x'g jf clen]v a4 x'g 5'6]sf] hUufnfO{ a'emg'k5{ . hUuf k|zf;g;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxLsf qmddf 5'6 hUuf btf{ eGgfn] ;fljs btf{, lt/f] Pjd\ ef]usf] hUuf, hUuf -gfFk hfFr_ P]g, @)!( adf]lhd gfkhfF+r ug]{ qmddf jf gfkhfF+r eP klg ;DalGwt hUufjfnfsf gfpFdf btf{ ;|]:tf sfod x'g g;sL To:tf] hUuf lgwf{l/t jf :jLs[t sfo{ljlw jf k|lqmof k"/f u/L ;fljs btf{jfnf jf lghsf sfg'gL xsbf/sf gfpFdf btf{ ul/lbg] sfo{nfO{ a'emg' k5{ . pko"{Qm adf]lhd 5'6 hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL sf/jfxLdf lgDg k|s[ltsf hUuf kb{5g\M–

• ;fljsdf d'lvof, lhDdfjfn, lhldbf/, k6jf/L tyf k/Dk/fut¿kdf hUufsf] clen]v /fVg tf]lsPsf] tt\ If]qsf cGo lhDd]jf/ JolQmsf] nutdf jf u'7Lsf] nutdf s;}sf gfpFdf btf{ ePsf] jf bl/OPsf] .

• lsQf gfkL cyf{t\ hUuf -gfkhfF+r_ P]g, @)!( adf]lhd gfkhfF+r xF'bf s'g} cfjfbL hGo, ljleGg Joxf]/fhGo s;}sf] xs :jfldTj hlgPsf] jf To:tf] Joxf]/f pNn]v ePsf] jf gePsf] . /


• hUuf -gfkhfF+‘‘‘‘‘‘‘r_ P]g, @)!( adf]lhd gfkhfFr x'g g;s]sf], t/ ;fljsdf To:tf] hUuf btf{ ePsf] jf bl/OPsf] .

!=!=%= 5'6 hUuf btf{sf nflu sf/jfxLsf] pTyfg / ;dfkg M– hUufbtf{sf nflu lgDg adf]lhd sf/jfxLsf] pTyfg / ;dfkg x'G5 . s_ sfof{nodf g} pTyfg eO{ lg/f]k0f x'g] . v_ cGo sfof{nodf sf/jfxL rnL btf{ ug]{ lg0f{osf nflu cfpg] . u_ s'g} cfof]u jf ;ldlt jf lgsfo jf sfof{nodf sf/jfxLsf] pTyfg, sf/jfxL /

lg0f{o eO{ ;|]:tf, k"hf{ ;d]t k|dfl0ft u/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfpg] . pko'{Qm …sÚ / …vÚ adf]lhdsf s]zx¿ kl/R5]b ! df kb{5g\ eg] …uÚ sf] xsdf kl/R5]b @ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

!=@ 5'6 hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL ljBdfg sfg'gL Joj:yf M– lgDg P]g tyf lgodx¿sf] cfwf/df 5'6 hUuf btf{ sf/jfxL ug'{kb{5 M–

s_ ljtf{ pGd"ng P]g, @)!^ v_ ljtf{ pGd"ng lgodfjnL, @)!& u_ hUuf -gfkhfF+r_ P]g, @)!( 3_ d'n'sL P]g, @)@) ª_ u'7L ;+:yfg P]g, @)## r_ dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ 5_ dfnkf]t lgodfjnL, @)#^ h_ kz'klt If]q ljsf; sf]if P]g, @)$% em_ hUuf gfkhfF+r lgodfjnL, @)%*

!=# 5'6 hUuf btf{sf] k|sf/ M– 5'6 hUuf btf{ cGt/ut dfnkf]t sfof{nox¿n] lgDg adf]lhdsf hUufx¿sf] ;DaGwdf

lgDg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfP/ 5'6 hUuf btf{ ug'{kb{5 . o;df lgDg k|s[ltsf hUufx¿ kb{5g\ . s_ /}s/df, v_ ljQf{ / u_ u'7L -s_ /}s/df hUufx¿ M— o; cGt/ut ;'? gfkL x'g'eGbf cl3 ;fljsdf btf{, lt/f] / ef]u ePsf] hUuf, hUuf -gfkhfF+r_ P]g, @)!( adf]lhd gfk–gS;f eO{ jf geO{ 5'6 x'g uPsf hUufx¿ kb{5g\ . o; cGt/ut lghL u'7L hUuf ;d]t kb{5 . v_ ljtf{ hUuf M— ljtf{ pGd"ng P]g @)!^ / ljtf{ pGd"ng lgodfjnL @)!& adf]lhd sf/jfxL ug{' kg]{ k|s[ltsf hUufx¿ o; cGt{ut kb{5g\ M– u_ u'7L hUufx¿ M—

o; cGt/ut b]xfosf hUufx¿ kb{5g M– c_ /fhu'7L cGt/utsf ;a} k|s[ltsf hUufx¿ . h:t} u'7L gDa/L, u'7L t}gfyL, u'7L

clwg:y / u'7L /}tfg gDa/L .


cf_ kz'klt ljsfz If]q sf]if cGt/ut hoafu]Zj/L e08f/ tx;Ln, kz'kltgfy e08f/ txjLn, kz'kltgfy cdfn sf]6 srx/L lhDdf /xg] hUufx¿ .

O_ afO{;], rf}aL;] /fhfx¿sf] kfnfb]lv ;fj{hlgs u'7Lsf ¿kdf ;+rflnt sf]6 u'7Lx¿ .

!=$ /}s/df hUuf 5'6 btf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M– 5'6 hUuf btf{ sf/jfxL ug{'kbf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 .

!=$=!= ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg] . ;fljs btf{ lt/f] / ef]u rngdf /x]sf] hUuf -gfkhfF+r_ P]g, @)!( adf]lhd gfk–gS;f eO{ jf geO{ btf{ 5'6 x'g uPsf]df ;DalGwt hUufjfnfn] b]xfPsf] Joxf]/f vf]nL g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L tf]lslbPsf] Dofb leq ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 . -s_ ;fljs hUufsf] ljj/0f . -;fljs nut_ -v_ xfnsf] hUufsf] ljj/0f . -u_ gfk–gS;f ePsf]df gS;f / lkmN8a's ptf/ . -3_ gfk–gS;f gePsf]df To:tf] hUuf cjl:yt /x]sf] rf/}lt/sf ;Ldfgfsf

lsQfx¿df ;+s]t lbPsf] gS;fsf] k|ltlnlk . -ª_ ;fljs btf{jfnfaf6 s'g} Joxf]/fn] xs k|fKt ug]{ eP ;f]sf] Joxf]/f / k'i6L ug]{

k|df0fx¿ . !=$=@= lgj]bsn] lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx¿ M– lgj]bg ;fy b]xfPsf k|df0fsfuhx¿ ;+nUg x'g'kb{5 M–

s_ hUufsf] ;fljs btf{sf] k|dfl0ft ptf/ -;fljs nut_, v_ dfnkf]t P]g nfu" x'g' eGbf cl3Nnf] ;fn;Dd lt/f] a'emfPsf] lg:;fsf] k|ltlnlk . u_ pknAw eP;Dd e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nodf k]; u/]sf] & g+ = kmfF6af/Lsf] k|dfl0ft ptf/ . 3_ :yfgLo lgsfosf] xs–ef]u ;DaGwL ls6fgL l;kmfl/; / ;Dej eP;Dd ;Flwof/x¿

;lxtn] u/]sf] ;/hldg d'r'Nsf . ª_ 5'6 hUuf btf{ gfd;f/L eP ;fljs btf{jfnf;Fu gftfv'n]sf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk /

xsbf/sf] ljj/0f v'n]sf] :yfgLo lgsfosf] ls6fgL l;kmfl/;kqsf] ;Ssn . r_ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk . 5_ lkmN8a's / gS;fsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk . h_ dfubfaLnfO{ k'i6L ug{ cfjZos kg]{ cGo ;DalGwt b]lvPsf k|df0fx¿ . em_ ljb]zLnfO{ c+z jf ck'tfnL k|fKt ePsf] btf{ afFsL hUufsf] xsdf a;f]af; u/]sf]

7fpF / hUuf ePsf] 7fpFsf] ls6fgL l;kmfl/; . `_ kfl/t lnvt jf cbfntsf] km};nf jf ldnfkq adf]lhd dfubfaL eP To:tf] lnvt,

km};nf jf ldnfkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk, 6_ cbfntsf] hgfp–kq, 7_ lgj]bg ;+nUg sfuhftsf] km]x/L:tf -;"rL_ ptf/ ug]{ .

!=% lgj]bgdf tf]s cfb]z ug]{ M– 5'6 hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL lgj]bg dfnkf]t sfof{nodf btf{ ug'{ cl3 ;DalGwt sfof{nosf k|d'v jf lgh dftxtsf clws[t sd{rf/Laf6 Dofb leqsf] lgj]bgdf tf]s cfb]z ug{' kb{5 .


!=^ tf]s cfb]z ug]{ clwsf/Ln] tf]s cfb]z ubf{ lgDg s'/fx¿ ?h' ug'{kg]{5 M– s_ btf{ ug{ dfu u/]sf] xfnsf] lsQf hUuf ;fljs s'g uf=lj=;=÷df}hfsf] s'g vnf,

lsQf;Fu le8g] xf] < ;f]sf] nut jf Joxf]/f v'nfO{ dfu–bfaL lnPsf] 5, 5}g < v_ lgj]bgsn] k]; ug'{kg]{ sfuh, k|df0fx¿ bkmf g+= !=$ -@_ adf]lhd 5g\ 5}gg\ / ;f]

;a} sfuhx¿ l;nl;n]jf/ ldnfO{ lgj]bgdf pNn]v u/]sf] 5, 5}g . 5}g eg] pNn]v ug{ nufpg] . xbDofb hfg] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf dfly plNnlvt cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ sfuh–k|df0f k"/f geO{ tf]s cfb]z gug]{, gk'u sfuh k"/f ug{ ;do lbg] .

u_ lgj]bssf] tLg -#_ k':t] / jtg :ki6 v'n]sf] 5, 5}g x]/L gv'n]sf] eP v'nfpg nufpg] .

3_ lgj]bg :jod\ lgj]bsn] g} n]v]sf] xf] jf n]vfk9Lug]{ Joj;foLaf6 n]vfPsf] xf], ;f] lgj]bssf] b]j|] lsgf/fdf :ki6 v'nfpg nufpg] . obL n]vfk9Lug]{ Joj;foLaf6 n]vfPsf] xf] eg] To;/L n]Vg]sf] gfd, y/, jtg, k|df0fkq gDa/ / k|df0fkq lbg] lhNnf ;d]t :ki6 v'nfpg nufpg] .

!=& d"n btf{ lstfadf lgj]bg btf{ ug]{M– c_ lgj]bssf] st{JoM–

s_ lgj]bgdf tf]s cfb]z eO{ ;s]kl5 p;} jvt lgj]bsn] d"n btf{ lstfadf btf{ u/fpg n}hfg' kb{5 .

v_ d"n btf{ lstfadf btf{ ePkl5 ;f] btf{ gDa/ ldlt lnO{ ;DalGwt kmfF6df -lgj]bgdf_ ;gfvtsf nflu ;DalGwt hUufbtf{ kmfF6df ;Dks{ ug'{kb{5 .

u_ cfk"mn] k]; u/]sf k|df0f Pjd\ sfuhftsf k|ltlnlk cg';f/sf] ;Ssn k|lt ?h' ug{ k]; ug'{kb{5 .

cf_ d"n btf{ kmfF6df tf]lsPsf] sd{rf/Ln] ug'{kg]{ sfdM– s_ btf{ ug{sf nflu k]; ePsf] lgj]bg nufotsf kq Pjd\ sfuhftx¿ btf{

ul/;s]kl5 ;se/ l56f] ;DalGwt kmfF6jfnf sxfF a'emfpg' kb{5 / a'emfPsf] lg:;f /fVg' kb{5

!=* hUuf btf{ kmf“6sf] kmf“6jfnfn] lgj]bg dfly ug]{ sf/jfxLM– hUuf btf{ kmfF6sf] kmfF6jfnf sd{rf/Ln] k|fKt lgj]bgdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfd ;DkGg ug'{kb{5 M– s_ lgj]bgdf ;gfvt u/fpg] . ;gfvt u/fpFbf e'm7\7f ljj/0f k]; u/]df dfnkf]t P]g,

@)#$ sf] bkmf @(-s_ adf]lhd x'g] ;hfosf] Joxf]/f ;d]t kfg]{ . v_ ldl;n ;xfos btf{ /lh:6/df btf{ u/L ldl;n v8f ug]{ . u_ ldl;n ;fljs nut kmfF6df le8fpg k7fpg] . 3_ btf{ afFsL df]]7–;|]:tf jf n'h l;6df le8fpg k7fpg] . ª_ bf]xf]/f] bfaL le8fpg k7fpg] -ljljw kmfF6, ;DalGwt uf=lj=;= jf g=kf= / u'7L kmfF6

cflb_ . r_ /f]Ssf clen]vdf le8fpg k7fpg] .


5_ JolQmn] k]; u/]sf] gSsn jf k|ltlnlk sfuhx¿ ;Ssn k|lt;Fu ?h' u/L ?h' ug]{sf] gfd kb hgfO{ /fVg] / ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ of] sfuh d}n] k]; u/]sf] xf], lst]{ em'§f xf]Og egL ToxL sfuhsf] lk7df n]vfO{ ;lx5fk ;d]t u/fpg] .

h_ dfly bkmf ! -5_ sf s'/fx¿ ?h' ug]{ .

!=( hUuf btf{ ldl;ndf kmf“6jfnfn] ug'{kg]{ yk sf/jfxLM– !=(=!= dfly bkmf g+= !=* df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;DkGg eP kl5 b]xfo adf]lhdsf]

k|lqmof k"/f ug'{kb{5 M– s_ ldl;ndf yk sf/jfxL ug]{ qmddf ug'{kg]{ d'Vo d'Vo sfo{sf nflu clwsf/ k|fKt

clws[t;Fu cfjZos cfb]z u/fpg] . v_ dfubfaL lsQf hUufsf] lkmN8a'ssf] Joxf]/f cWoogsf nflu gfkL zfvfaf6

lkmN8a's dufpg] . u_ e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nodf /x]sf] cg';"lrx¿ !, @ / & g+= kmfF6af/Lsf] Joxf]/f jf k|ltlnlk

dufpg] . 3_ lgj]bgnfO{ ldl;nsf] ¿k lbO{ ldl;n gDa/ / kl~hsf agfO{ l;nl;n]jf/ sfuh g+=

r9fpg] . ª_ xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ug]{ -;"rgf ug'{ k"j{ clws[tn] ldl;n

cWoog u/L sf/jfxL cl3 a9fpg' pko'{Qm 5, 5}g osLg ug]{_ . r_ Dofb hf/L ug'{kg]{ eP Dofb hf/L u/L /Ltk"j{s -c=j+= !!) g+= adf]lhd_ tfd]n

u/fpg] . 5_ bfaL kg{ cfPsf] cj:yfdf /Ltk"j{ssf] bfaL–ph'/L lgj]bg / k|df0fsfuh ;d]t k];

x'g cfPdf kmfon ;+nUg /fVg] / k'k{Ifsf nflu tf/]vdf /fVg] . h_ o;/L bfaL ug{ cfpg] lgj]bsn] ;a't–k|df0f k]; ug'{kbf{ lgj]bg ;fy} k]; ug'{kg]{

sfuh–k|df0f ækl5 k]; ug]{Æ egL zt{ /fvL lgj]bg btf{ gug{] . em_ ;+nUg k|df0f sfuhaf6 s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ a'em\g' kg]{ b]lvPdf d'n'ls P]g, @)@)

sf] c=a+= !!) g+= adf]lhdsf] /Lt k'¥ofO{ Dofb tfd]n ug]{ . `_ ;/hldg Joxf]/f a'em\gsf] nflu :yfgLo lgsfosf] cflwsfl/s k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df

l/tk"j{ssf] ;/hldg u/fO{ k|ltj]bg ;fy ldl;ndf ;+nUg ug]{ . 6_ ;/hdLg u/]sf] # lbg leq clws[t ;dIf clgjfo{¿kdf k|ltj]bg k]; ug]{ . 7_ ;/hldg ug{ vl6g] sd{rf/Ln] k|ltj]bg ;fy k]; u/]kl5 ;DalGwt clVtof/jfnf -

clws[t jf k|Tofof]lht clwsf/ k|fKt_ n] 8f]/af6 eOcfPsf] ;/hldg k|dfl0ft u/L ldl;n ;+nUg ug]{ .

8_ xsbfaL ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|sflzt ubf{, :ynut ;/hldg u/fpFbf JolQm ljz]ifnfO{ Dofb hf/L ubf{ s'g} k|df0f sfuh k]; ug{ nufpbf, lemsfpFbf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 cfb]zkq (Order Sheet) df cfb]z u/fP/ dfq sfd cufl8 a9fpg] .

9_ zx/L If]q jf gu/f]Gd'v If]qsf] hUuf btf{ ;DaGwdf cfjZostfcg';f/ gfkL zfvfsf] k|fljlws k|ltj]bg / clws[t jf gf=;'= :t/;Ddsf] sd{rf/Laf6 :ynut lg/LIf0f u/fO{ k|ltj]bg lng] .

0f_ hUufwgL jf hf]tfxf -df]xL_ dxn vfnL ePsf lsQfsf] sf/jfxL ubf{ ;DalGwt hUufwgL jf df]xLsf] ;fljs hUufsf] ljj/0f k|df0f xfnsf] lsQfdf le8]sf] s'/f


;d]t a'emL clws[t :t/af6} lkmN8 lg/LIf0f u/L u/fO{ lkmN8 lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]; ug]{ .

t_ dfly plNnlvt s'/fx¿ afx]s cGo yk s]xL s'/f a'em\g cfjZos b]lvPdf sfof{no k|d'v jf clws[t sd{rf/Lx¿n] cfb]z u/L a'em\g' kg]{5 .

y_ k6s–k6s ;/hldg v6fpFFbf klg ;/hldg x'g g;s]sf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePdf sfof{non] dfubfaLsf lsQf hUuf JolQm ljz]ifs} xf], ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs xf]Og eGg] olsg ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf cGo k|lqmof ;d]t k"/f u/L k|df0fsf] cfwf/df btf{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .

b_ s;}sf] jf/]; eOcfPsf]df jf/];nfO{ l/tk"j{s ;gfvt u/fO{ jf/];gfdf ldl;n;fy /fVg] .

w_ bf]xf]/f] bfaL b]lvP To:tf] ldl;n rfn" jf tfd]nL hxfF ePklg ldl;n 5'§f–5'§} btf{ x'g] xF'bf xfn kg{ cfPsf] ldl;n ;fy /fvL clu|d sf/jfxL ug]{ .

g_ bf]xf]/f] bfaL k/]sf]df tf/]vdf /fVg'[kg]{ x'Fbf tf/]v e/kfO{ / krf{ agfO{ b'j}df ;lx5fk u/fO{ e/kfO{ /fVg] tyf csf]{ kIfnfO{ lemsfpg' kg]{ eP lemsfpg] .

k_ d'n'sL P]g æhUuf cfjfbÆ ug]{ dxnadf]lhd gbL psf; ;DaGwL hUuf btf{ ug'{kbf{ dfly plNnlvt k|df0f / k|lqmofsf] cltl/Qm ;DalGwt lhNnfsf] lhNnf e"–;+/If0f sfof{nosf] jf lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] ;xdltkq ldl;n ;+nUg ug'{kg]{5 .

km_ ag, a'6]g, h+un, emf8L ;DalGwt cGo o:t} Joxf]/f lkmN8a'sdf b]lvPsf] hUuf ;DaGwdf jg If]q leq kg]{ xf] jf xf]Og eGg] ;DaGwdf lhNnf ag sfof{no k|d'vsf] ls6fgL /fo hfgsf/L geO{ sf/jfxL cufl8 ga9fpg] .

a_ lghL u'7L hUufsf] xsdf klg dfly plNnlvt k|lqmofsf] cltl/Qm s], slt u'l7of/x¿ 5g\, tt\ ;DaGwdf ;d]t :ki6 x'g'kg]{5 .

e_ hUufbtf{sf] ldl;n sf/jfxLaf6 ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ubf{ s;}sf] bfaL k/] bfaL k/]s} lbg bfaLstf{nfO{ tf/]vdf /flv csf]{ kIfnfO{ tf/]vdf geP t'?Gt Dofb hf/L u/L kIf ljkIf hf]8fO{ kIf ljkIf hf]l8Ps} lbg ldl;n / bfaLstf{ JolQmx¿ sfof{no k|d'v ;dIf k]; u/L ldl;n cWoog u/L yk k|df0f h'6fpg' kg]{ eP Ps} k6s ;a} k|df0f h'6fpg cfb]z lbg] / ;f] k|df0f k]; ug'{ gkg]{ jf k|df0f k"/f x'gf ;fy b'j} kIfsf] ljjfb cGt ug{ k];L tf/]v tf]sL k|d'v ;dIf rfF8f] k]; ug]{ / lg0f{o ug]{ k|lqmofdf hfg] .

!=!) 5'6 hUuf btf{ ;ldltdf k]; ug]{ M– dfly k|s/0f !=( df plNnlvt ;a} k|lqmof k"/f u/L a'em\g' kg]{ s'/f a'emL olsg ePkl5

dfnkf]t lgodfjnL @)#^ adf]lhdsf] æ5'6 hUuf btf{ ;ldltÆ df k]; ug'{ cufl8 lgDg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 M–

s_ ldl;nsf] ;Dk"0f{ Joxf]/f b]lvg] u/L ;+nUg k|df0faf6 lgj]bssf] dfu adf]lhd ug{ ldNg] jf gldNg] h], h:tf] b]lvP klg Joxf]/f v'nfO{ kmfF6jfnf sd{rf/Laf6 /Ltk"j{ssf] l6Kk0fL k]; ug]{ .

v_ kmfF6jfnfaf6 pTyfg ePsf] l6Kk0ffLnfO{ cWoog u/L ;ldltdf /fVgsf lgldQ dgfl;j 5, 5}g sf/0f b]vfO{ kmfF6jfnf eGbf dflyNnf] sd{rf/Ln] /fo ;fy clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]; ug]{ .


u_ sfof{no k|d'v jf lgh4f/f k|Tofof]lht clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;ldltdf /fVg s], s:tf] cfwf/af6 dgfl;j b]lvPsf] xf] < ;fljs nut, xsef]u / lt/f]sf] k|df0f ;xL xf], xf]Og ljrf/ u/L ;fljs df}hf le8\5 le8\b}g / xfn slt hUuf ef]u u/]sf] 5 ;fljsdf slt btf{ lyof] xfn / ;fljssf] If]qkmn d]n vfG5 vfGg, ;'? gfkLdf slt btf{ u/fO{ ;s]sf] 5, hUuf clxn] btf{ u/fpg vf]h]sf] uf=lj=;=÷df}hfdf btf{ eP ;a} x]/L a'emL btf{ ug'{ x'g] k|df0f xf] xf]Og olsg u/]/ k|df0fsf] d"Nofª\sg / ljj]rgf u/]/ :ki6 v'Ng] u/L ;ldltdf k]; ug{ cfb]z ug]{ .

!=!! ;ldltn] Wofg k'¥ofpg' kg]{ s'/fx¿ M– dfnkf]t P]g @)#$ sf] bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu ul7t dfnkf]t lgodfjnL @)#^ sf] lgod $-v_ – ! adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] 5'6 hUuf btf{ l;kmfl/; ug{sf nflu lgDg s'/fx¿df ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kb{5 M– s_ ldl;ndf ;+nUg k|df0f sfuhx¿ le8] gle8]sf] ;DaGwL s'/fx¿ . v_ ckgfOPsf] sfo{ljlw / k|lqmof afx]s yk s]xL a'em\g'kg]{ afFsL 5, 5}g ;f] s'/f . u_ ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs hUuf jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] 5'6 hUuf btf{ sf/jfxL gug'{ elg

/f]s nufPsf] hUuf / jg ;Ldfgf;Fu hf]8LPsf] hUuf -jg P]g, @)$( n] jg ;Ldfgf;Fu hf]l8Psf] klt{ P]nfgL hUufnfO{ u/]sf] kl/efiff_ xf] jf xf]Og .

3_ ;fljs nutsf] Joxf]/f x]g]{ . ª_ dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ sf] & -!_ adf]lhd gfkL ug]{df gfkL ljefusf] k"j{ :jLs[lt

lng'kg]{ / To;/L gfkL ubf{ ;fljs slt If]qkmn lyof], slt btf{ eof], slt afFsL 5, ;fljssf] vnf, lsQf, df}hf, $ lsNnf k|i6 u/L ca gfkL ug]{ If]qkmn ;fljs nut adf]lhd v'nfO{ #% lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]sf] 5, 5}g .

r_ gfkL uf]Zj/fn] lkmN8a'sdf k|df0f ;+s]t pNn]v u/L k|dfl0ft ul/;s]sf] ;|]:tf, k"hf{ k|dfl0ft x'g;Dd afFsL /x]sf]df To:tf] hUuf dfnkf]t sfof{non] k|df0f a'emL btf{ ;|]:tf sfod ug]{ ;d]t ePsfn] To:tf] hUuf xf] jf xf]Og olsg ug]{ .

!=!@ 5'6 hUuf btf{ lg0f{o k|lqmofdf hfg] M– 5'6 hUuf btf{ lg0f{o ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfpg' kb{5 M– s_ ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; ;d]tnfO{ cfwf/ agfO{ ;a} Joxf]/f v'nfO{ kmfF6jfnfaf6 l6Kk0fL

pTyfg ug]{ . v_ 5'6 hUuf btf{ kmfF6df tf]lsPsf] gf=;'= tyf clws[tn] cfkm\gf] 7x/ /fo ;fy

clws[t jf sfof{no k|d'v ;dIf k]; ug]{ . sfof{no k|d'vaf6 k|df0fsf] d"Nofª\sg / ljZn]if0f u/L 7x/ lg0f{o ug]{ .

u_ lg0f{o ubf{ bfaL lj/f]w gePsf] cj:yf ldl;naf6 b]lvPdf l6Kk0fL jf krf{af6 lg0f{o ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ bfaL lj/f]w k/]sf] xsdf l6Kk0fL p7fPtf klg lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/Ln] 7x/ lg0f{o krf{ v8f u/L ug'{k5{ . krf{df ;DalGwt kmfF6jfnf ;a}sf] -df]7, /f]Ssf, ;fljs nut, bf]xf]/f] bfaL / clws[t ;d]tsf] _ ;lx u/fpg] .

3_ bfaL lj/f]w k/]sf]df k'g/fj]bgsf] Dofb lbg' kg]{5 . k'g/fj]bgsf] Dofb e'Qmfg geO{ lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug'{ x'Fb}g .

ª_ lg0f{o pk/ k'g/fj]bgsf] Dofb lbO{ ;s]kl5 ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ /Ltk"j{ssf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' kb{5 . o;/L hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lg:;f ;lx5fk u/fO{ ldl;ndf /fVg] /


ldl;ndf hgfp kfPsf] b:tvt ug{ ;DalGwt kIfn] gdfg]df /Ltk"j{ssf] hgfp k7fO{ tfd]n u/fO{ To;sf] lg:;f ldl;n ;fy ;+nUg ug'{kb{5 .

!=!# lg0f{o sfof{GjogM– 5'6 hUuf btf{ ug]{ 7x/ lg0f{o ePkl5 lgDg adf]lhd u/L lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 M–

s_ dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ nfu" ePsf] ;fn b]lvsf] dfnkf]t c;'nLsf nflu :yfgLo lgsfodf kq n]lv k7fpg] .

v_ ;fljs nutdf hgfpg k7fO{ hgfPsf] lg:;f ldl;ndf /fVg] . u_ lkmN8a'sdf hgfpg gfkL zfvf k7fO{ lg:;f ldl;ndf ;+nUg ug]{ . 3_ n'h–l;6 eP n'h–l;6df hgfpg] . ª_ gfd;f/L btf{ eP bf=vf= b:t'/ c;'n ug]{ . r_ ;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ ug{ lg0f{o ePsf] # lbg leq ldl;n ;+nUg ;Dk"0f{ sfuhftsf]

kl~hsf jgfO{ k|dfl0ft u/fO{ df]7 kmfF6df k7fpg] . 5_ df]7 kmfF6n] kl~hsf adf]lhdsf] lg0f{o ldl;n k|fKt u/]kl5 lg0f{ofg';f/sf] hUufsf]

;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ u/L k|dfl0ft u/fO{ ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ a'emfpg] . h_ ;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ ubf{ s}lkmot Joxf]/f :ki6 a'lemg] u/L pNn]v u/L tf]lsPsf]

9fFrfg';f/sf] kmf/d glj/fOsg el/ /fVg] . em_ o;/L ;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ ubf{ btf{ afFsL df]7df ;d]t lg0f{o Joxf]/f hgfpg] . `_ bf=vf= l6kf]6 clgjfo{ tof/ ug'{kg]{5 . 6_ ;|]:tfk"hf-`/ ePsf] # lbg leq lg0f{o ldl;n tfd]nL kmfF6df a'emfpg' kg]{5 .

!=!$ t]/f] d]/f] k/]sf] ldl;n lg0f{o ug]{M– 5'6 hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL sf/jfxLsf] qmddf @ jf ;f] eGbf a9L kIfx¿sf] aLrdf t]/f]d]/f]

eGg] k|Zg p7]df ldl;n lg0f{o ubf{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 M– !_ tf]lsPsf] tf/]vsf] lbgdf kIf ljkIfsf] lhls/ ;d]t ;'gL lghx¿sf] /f]xj/df lg0f{o

ug]{ . @_ tf]lsPsf] tf/]vsf lbgdf s'g} kIf :jod\ jf lghsf] jf/]; pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn]

lg0f{o ug{ afwf kg]{5}g . #_ t]/f] d]/f] ;DaGwL s]zdf clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] lg0f{o ubf{ tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfadf]lhdsf]

km};nf n]vL ldl;n ;+nUg ug'{kb{5 . $_ lg0f{odf k'g/fj]bgsf] Dofb / k'g/fj]bg nfUg] lgsfo ;d]t v'nfOlbg' kg]{5 . %_ lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug'{ cl3 sfg'gsf] Dofb leq k'g/fj]bg k/] gk/]sf] a'emL gk/]sf]

eP ;f]xL sfof{non] / k'g/fj]bg k/]sf] eP d'2fsf] clGtd lsgf/f ePkl5 dfq km};nf sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 .

^_ km};nf ;'lgkfPsf] lg:;f ldl;n ;+nUg ug'{ kbf{ lgj]bs jf lghsf] jf/];n] sfof{nodf g} cfO{ ;'lgkfPsf] b:tvt u/]df ;f]xL ldlt / b:tvt gu/]sf]df /Ltk"j{ssf] Dofb tfd]n ePsf] ldltn] u0fgf ug'{kb{5 .

!=!% sfo{ km5of}{6 ubf{ nfUg] ;doM– 5'6 hUuf btf{ sfo{ hl6n / ;Dj]bgzLn ePsfn] lglZrt olt g} ;do leq sfo{

km5\of}{6 ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ ls6fg ug{ ufx|f] x'G5 tfklg P]gn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] cjlw -a9Ldf @ jif{_ leq k|lqmof k"/f x'gf;fy sfo{ km5of}{6 ug'{kb{5 .


!=!^ ljtf{ hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yfM–

ljtf{ pNd"ng P]g, @)!^ / ljtf{ pGd"ng lgodfjnL, @)!& adf]lhd ljtf{ hUuf pNd"ng u/L /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf cGtu{t ul/g] sfd sf/jfxLnfO{ ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ Joj:yf eGg] a'em\g' kb{5 .

!=!& ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ftM– ljtf{ pNd"ng P]g @)!^ / ljtf{ pGd"ng lgodfjnL, @)!& adf]lhd ljtf{ hUuf lgDg

adf]lhd /}s/df kl/0ft x'g] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 M– s_ ljtf{jfnfsf] gfddf . v_ df]xL jf hf]tfxfsf] gfddf . s_ ljtf{jfnfsf] gfddf /}s/df kl/0ft M– æsÆ >]0fLsf] ljtf{ hUuf :jtM sdfpg]sf] gfddf btf{ x'g] Joj:yf eO;s]sf] 5 . ævÆ

>]0fLsf] ljtf{ hUuf ljtf{jfnfsf] gfddf /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ sfg'gL Joj:yfdf ;+Zff]wg eO{ -@)$(.%.@( ldltdf_ ljtf{ pNd"ng P]g @)!^ sf] bkmf !@-s_ sf] ljz]if Joj:yfaf6 ljtf{jfnfsf] xs ;dfKt eO{ df]xL s} gfddf /}s/df kl/0ft x'g] sfg'gL Joj:yf ePtf klg @)$( c;f/ d;fGt eGbf cuf8L dfnkf]t sfof{nodf ljtf{jfnfsf] lgj]bg k/L lg/Gt/ sf/jfxL rln/x]sf]] cj:yf eO{ dfnkf]t sfof{nodf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] :yLltdf dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] lg0f{ofg';f/ / cbfntdf d'2f k/L ljtf{jfnsf] gfddf btf{ x'g] 7x/ ePsf s]zx¿sf] ;DaGwdf ljtf{ jfnfs} gfpFdf sfod x'G5 .

v_ ævÆ >]0fLsf] ljtf{ hUuf @)$( ;fn cfiff9 d;fGt cl3 ljtf{jfnn] cfkm\gf] gfpFdf /}s/df kl/0ft btf{ u/fpg g;s]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] ldlt kl5 ljtf{ pGd'ng P]g, @)!^ sf] bkmf & -s_ adf]lhd hUuf sdfpg] df]xLsf] gfddf /}s/df kl/0ft x'g] Joj:yf /x]sf] x'Fbf ;f] ldltsf Dofb leq sf/jfxL rnfpg]sf] lgj]bg pk/ sfg'g adf]lhd sf/jfxL ug]{ .

u_ ljtf{ hUuf btf{ sf/jfxL rnfp“bf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ M– ævÆ >]0fL ljtf{ hUuf sdfpg] JolQmn] /}s/df kl/0ft ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf Dofb tf]sL ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]sf] Dofb leq lgj]bg lbg'kg]{ xf], t/ ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft ug{ b/vf:t lbg'kg]{ Dofb @)%# ciff9 d;fGtdf g} ;dfKt eO{ ;s]sf]n] k'gM g]kfn ;/sf/n] Dofb tf]sL g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt gu/] ;Dd ævÆ >]0fLsf] ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ u/L lgj]bg lng' x'Fb}g .

!=!* b/vf:t ;fy k]; ug'{kg]{ sfuhx¿ M– ævÆ >]0fLsf] ljtf{ hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L Dofb lbPsf avt hUuf sdfpg] JolQmn] /}s/df kl/0ft ug{ lgj]bg lbFbf lgDg sfuhft lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg ug'{kb{5 M– !_ ljtf{sf] nut jf dfubfaLsf] lsQf hUuf ;fljsdf ljtf{ xf] eGg] k|df0f, @_ s't a'emfPsf] /l;b jf lg:;f, #_ sa'lnot e/kfO{,


$_ If]qLo lstfasf] ptf/, %_ ljtf{ hUuf xf] eGg] cGo s'g} clen]v, ^_ :yfgLo lgsfosf] ef]usf] ls6fgL l;kmfl/; ;lxt ljtf{ hUuf xf] eGg] k'li6 / ;Flwof/

;d]tn] hUufsf] ljj/0f vf]nL ul/lbPsf] ;/hldg d'r'Nsf . &_ gfd;f/L btf{ /}s/df kl/0ft ug'{kg]{ ePdf d[To' k|df0fkq / gftf k|dfl0ft k|df0fkq

tyf gfd;f/L ljifosf] kl/R5]bdf pNn]v ePsf sfuh–k|df0f . *_ lgj]bssf] gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk . (_ gS;fsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk !)_ dfu–bfaL k'i6L ug]{ cGo cfjZos sfuh k|df0fx¿

!=!( kmf“6jfnn] ug'{kg]{ yk sfo{ljlwM– !_ lgj]bg tf]s cfb]zug]{, btf{ u/fpg], btf{ug]{ / kmfF6jfnfn] ug'{kg]{ sfo{ljlw o;}

kl/R5]bsf bkmf !=%, !=^, !=&, !=* / !=( df pNn]v eP adf]lhd ug'{kb{5, pko'{Qm afx]s c? yk sfo{ljlw lgDg adf]lhd x'g]5 M–

@_ lkmN8a'sdf hUufjfnf JolQmsf] gfd pNn]v ePsf] eP lghsf gfddf & -;ft_ lbg] Dofb hf/L ug'{kb{5 .

#_ df]xLn] k|fKt u/]sf] hf]tfxf c:yfO{ lg:;f jf df]xL ;DaGwL cGo s'g} k|df0f eP ;+nUg u/fpg] .

$_ e"ld ;DaGwL lgodx¿, @)@! adf]lhdsf !, @ / & gDa/ cg';"rLx¿ cfjZostfg';f/ a'em\g' jf lemsfpg' kb{5 .

%_ cGo sfo{ljlw / k|lqmof hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* df pNn]v eP adf]lhd ckgfpg' kb{5 .

^_ ljtf{ hUuf xf]–xf]Og egL olsg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ cGo yk k|df0f a'em\g] .

!=@) cGo sf/jfxLM– ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ lg0f{o / sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfo{ljlw o;df pNn]v ePsf] afx]s cGo sfo{ljlw /}s/df hUuf btf{ ug]{ sfo{ljlw ;/x x'g]5 / /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] gfdsf] ljtf{ hUuf xsbfaL ;DaGwL ;fjh{lgs ;"rgf k|sfzg, :ynut ;h{dLg ug]{, :ynut k|ltj]bg lng] cflb ljifox¿ lgDg adf]lhd x'g]5 . !=@)=@ xsbfaLsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ug]{ M– ljtf{ hUuf btf{ ;DaGwdf ;Dk"0f{ Joxf]/f v'nfO{ o;} sfo{ljlwsf] cg';"rLdf ;+nUg kmf/fd gd'gfadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf sf7df08f}+ pkTosf leqsf] hUufsf] xsdf uf]/vfkqdf / pkTosf jflx/ ;Dej eP;Dd :yfgLo kqklqsfdf / ;Dej geP ;DalGwt hUuf /x]sf] :ynsf] ;fj{hlgs :yfg uf=lj=;=, lh=lj=;=, lhNnf cbfnt, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no / dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf #% lbg] xsbfaL ;DaGwL ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ug'{kb{5 . !=@)=# :ynut ;/hldg ug]{ M– lgj]bssf] dfu adf]lhd ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft ug{ ldNg] xf] jf xf]Og eGg] ;DaGwdf lgj]bs / :yfgLo lgsfosf k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df dfu u/]sf] lsQf hUuf lgj]bssf gfpFdf /}s/df kl/0ft÷btf{ gfd;f/L ;d]t ul/lbPdf cGo s;}sf] xs hfG5 hfFb}g . ;Dej eP;Dd rf/} tkm{sf ;Flwof/ ;d]t /fvL dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 :ynut ;/hldgdf v6Lhfg]


8f]/ k|ltlglwn] ;/hldg u/fPsf] # lbg leq ;/hldg d'r'Nsf / k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug{ nufO{ ldl;n ;+nUg ug'{kb{5 . ;h{dLg ubf{ xsbf/sf] ;DaGwdf eP a;f]af; /x]sf] :yfgdf / hUufsf] k|s[lt d"Nofª\sg ug]{ eP dfubfaLsf] lsQf hUuf /x]sf] :yfgdf ;h{dLg ug'{kb{5 . To;/L k]; x'g cfPsf] k|ltj]bg ;lxtsf] :ynut ;h{dLg sf] lz/df sfof{no k|d'v jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] æ8f]/af6 k|fKtÆ eGg] Joxf]/f hgfO{ k|dfl0ft u/L /fVg' kb{5 . !=@)=$ :ynut lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;+nUg ug]{ M– sfof{no k|d'v jf lgh4f/f v6fOPsf] Pstx d'lgsf] sd{rf/Laf6 ljtf{ /}s/df kl/0ft ul/kfpmF eGg] hUufsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f u/fO{ ;f] sf] k|ltj]bg ldl;n ;fy ;+nUg ug{' kb{5 . !=@! 5'6 hUuf btf{ l;kmfl/; ;ldltdf k]; ug]{ M– ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ sfo{ ubf{ 5'6 hUuf btf{ ;d]t ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] dfnkf]t lgodfjnL, @)#^ sf] lgod $v adf]lhd u7Lt ;ldltdf k]; u/L ;ldltaf6 5'6 hUuf btf{ ug{ sfof{nonfO{ l;kml/; u/] kl5 dfq sfof{non] lg0f{o ug'{kb{5 .

!=@@ ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft btf{ lg0f{o sfof{GjogM– ljtf{ hUuf btf{ x'g] u/L lg0f{o ePkl5 lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ubf{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;DkGg u/]kl5 dfq ;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ ug'{kb{5 . !_ ljtf{jfnfsf] gfddf btf{ eP lj=;+= @)!^ ;fn b]lvsf] dfnkf]t c;'n pk/ ug{

:yfgLo lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg] . o:tf] dfnkf]t c;'n ubf{ hl/jfgf nfUb}g . @_ ljtf{jfnsf] gfpFdf /}s/ kl/0ft btf{ x'g]df Dofb gf3L /}s/df kl/0ft u/fP jfkt

?= !))) ;Dd hl/jfgf ug'{kb{5 . #_ gfd;f/L btf{ /x]5 eg] hUuf khgLsf] @-s_ adf]lhdsf] hl/jfgf c;'n u/L

/fhZjdf bflvnf ug'{kb{5 . $_ ljtf{ hUuf, hUuf sdfpg] -df]xL_ sf] gfddf btf{ lg0f{o /x]5 eg] lgDgfg';f/sf]

/sd c;'n ug'{kb{5 M– s_ btf{ lg0f{o ePsf] ;fnsf] dfq dfnkf]t c;'n ug{ :yfgLo lgsfodf n]lv

k7fpg] . /}s/ kl/0ft lg0f{o x'Fbfsf jif{sf] dfnkf]tsf] ;ft bf]Aa/ b:t'/ c;'n ug]{ .

-g]kfn /fhkq efu # v08 $% ldlt @)%@.(.!)_ v_ btf{ ePsf] hUufsf] Go"gtd d"Nofª\sg olsg u/L !) k|ltzt a/fj/ x'g] z'Ns

c;'n pk/ ug'{kb{5 . -g]kfn /fhkq efu–# v08 $% ldlt @)%@.(.!)_

%_ ljtf{ u'7L hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft btf{ ubf{M s'g} lghL u'7Lsf u'l7of/af6 ljtf{ u'7L hUufnfO{ /}s/df kl/0ft ul/kfpg lgj]bg lbPsf] eP klg ;f] ;DaGwL sf/jfxL / lsgf/f ubf{ o;} kl/R5]bdf plNnlvt bkmf !=!&-s_ adf]lhd sf/jfxL / lsgf/f ug'{kg]{5 .

!=@# ljtf{ hUufsf] dfu bfaLdf t]/f]d]/f] k/]df ug]{M– s'g} ljtf{ hUufsf ;DjGwdf lgDg adf]lhdsf] ljjfb pkl:yt x'g cfPdf lgDg adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 .


!=@#=! æsÆ jf ævÆ >]0fLsf] ljrsf] ljjfb M– s'g} ljtf{ hUufsf] dfu bfaLdf æsÆ >]0fLsf] ljtf{ xf] jf ævÆ >]0fLsf] ljtf{ xf] eGg] ljjfb kg{ cfPdf dfnkf]t sfof{non] lg0f{o lbg ldNb}g ctM ;a} dfu bfaL stf{nfO{ æsÆ >]0fL jf ævÆ >]0fL sf] ljtf{ s] xf], #% lbg leq ;DalGwt cbfnt uO{ 5'6\ofO{ Nofpg' egL dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] k|d'vn] ;'gfOlbg' k5{ / ;f] Joxf]/fsf] lg:;f ldl;n ;fy ;+nUg ug'{k5{ . !=@#=@ ljtf{ hUuf xf] jf xf]Og eGg] ljjfb M– s'g} hUufsf] ;DaGwdf Ps kIfn] ljtf{ hUuf / csf]{ kIfn] /}s/ jf /fh u'7L jf lghL u'7L egL ljjfb b]lvg cfPdf dfnkf]t sfof{non] ;f] ljjfbsf] 6+'uf] nufpg ldNb}g . o;df klg !=@=#=! adf]lhd ug{' kb{5 .

!=@$ 3/af6f] v'n]sf] l;kmfl/; lng] M– ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ lg0f{o ePkl5 ;DalGwt lgj]bs jf JolQmaf6 dfnkf]t sfof{non] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] Go"gtd d"Nofª\sg sf] !) k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] z'Ns c;'n ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf /x]sf]n] ;f] z'Ns c;'n ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu s] s:tf] k|s[ltsf] af6f] 5, ;f]sf] l;kmfl/; kmfOn ;+nUg u/fpg' kb{5 . ljtf{ /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ hUufdf 3/ /x]5 eg] 3/sf] d"No z'Nsdf ;dfj]; ug'{ kb}{g .

!=@% df]7 kmf“6sf kmf“6jfnn] bflvnf vf/]h ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ k|lqmof M– ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ubf{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] sfd sf/jfxL ;d]t clgjfo{ ¿kdf ug'{k5{ . s_ ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft ug]{ lg0f{o ePkl5 ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ ug]{ qmddf df]7sf

kmfF6jfnfn] clgjfo{ ¿kdf bflvnf l6kf]6 eg'{ kg]{5 . v_ df]7 kmfF6sf kmfF6jfnfn] ;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ ubf{ bflvnfvf/]h l6kf]6 e/]kl5 dfq

;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ ug'{kb{5 . u_ ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ubf{ a'emfpg' kg]{ b:t'/, z'Ns, dfnkf]t, hl/jfgf cflb a'emfPsf] 5

5}g, nut / lkmN8a'sdf hgfPsf] 5, 5}g, ;f] Joxf]/f x]/L c;'n geP jf ghgfP hgfpg nufO{ / btf{ afFsL ;|]:tf jf n'hl;6df hgfO;s]kl5 dfq ;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ ug'{k5{ .

!=@^ nutdf Joxf]/f hgfpg] M– ljtf{ hUuf /}s/df kl/0ft x'g] lg0f{o ePkl5 ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ x'g' cl3 nutdf hgfpg k7fpg' kb{5 / nut kmfF6sf] kmfF6jfnfn] lg0f{osf] Joxf]/f nutdf hgfpg' kb{5 .

!=@& nfUg] ;doM– 5'6 hUuf btf{sf nflu lgj]bg k/L sf/jfxL ubf{ lgj]bg btf{ ldlt b]lv @ -b'O{_ jif{ leqdf k|lqmof k"/f x'gf;fy sfo{ km5of}{6 ug'{kb{5 . k'/fgf ldl;nsf] xsdf k|fyldstf lbO{ sf/jfxLsf] 6'ª\uf] nufpg' kb{5 .

!=@* /fh u'7L hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M– ;fljsdf cyf{t\ hUuf -gfk hfFr_ P]g, @)!( adf]lhd z'? gfk hfFr x'g'k"j{ /fhu'7Ldf btf{ eO{ sfod ePsf] hUuf, hUuf -gfk hfFr_ P]g ,@)!( sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd gfkgS;f eO{ jf geO{ btf{ x'g 5'6 ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] hUufnfO{ u'7L 5'6 btf{


eg]/ a'em\g' kg]{ x'G5 . o:tf k|s[ltsf] hUuf btf{ ubf{ hUuf btf{ ug]{ clwsf/L dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] k|d'v ePtf klg z'? sf/jfxL ug'{kbf{ ;DalGwt u'7L zfvf sfof{noaf6 / u'7Lsf] :yfgLo sfof{no gePsf] :yfgdf dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 ug'{kb{5 .

!=@( u'7L sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ M– — /fhu'7L, clwg:y cGtu{tsf hUufx¿ 5'6 hUuf btf{ ug'{kbf{ ;DalGwt

sfof{nodf jf dfnkf]t sfof{nodf lgjb]sn] cfkm";Fu ePsf] ;j'b–k|df0f /fvL lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .

— u'7L t}gfyL, u'7L gDa/L, u'7L clwg:y / u'7L /}tfg gDa/L hUufx¿sf] xsdf eg] ;DaGwLt u'7L sfof{no jf ;f] sfof{no gePsf] lhNnfdf ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{non] g} olsg u/L btf{ sf/jfxL rnfpg' kb{5 .

!=#) u'7L hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlwM– u'7L hUuf 5'6 hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL sf/jfxLsf nflu klg /}s/ hUuf ;/xsf] sfo{ljlwg}

;DalGwt dfnkf]t jf u'7L sfof{nox¿n] ckgfpg' kb{5 .

!=#! u'7L zfvf sfof{noaf6 n]vL cfpg' kg]{ M– u'7L zfvf sfof{noaf6 5'6 hUuf btf{ cGtu{t sf/jfxL rnfPsf ldl;nx¿sf] xsdf ;Dk"0f{ /Lt cª\u k'¥ofO{ sfof{no k|d'vsf] ls6fgL /fo ;fy 5'6 hUuf btf{sf lgldQ ;DalGwt If]qsf] dfnkf]t sfof{nodf ldl;n ;fy n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 .

!=#@ u'7Laf6 k|fKt ldl;n btf{ ug]{ M– u'7Laf6 k|fKt ldl;n d"n btf{ lstfadf btf{ u/L ;DalGwt u'7L kmfF6df a'emfpg' kb{5 / ;DalGwt u'7L kmfF6n] kl~hsf adf]lhdsf] sfuhft eP, gePsf] ¿h' u/L ldl;n 8fo/L lstfadf btf{ u/L ldl;n gDa/ r9fpg' kb{5 .

!=## sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fpg]M– u'7L kmfF6df sfd ug]{ kmfF6jfnf sd{rf/Ln] u'7Laf6 k|fKt ldl;ndf /Lt -cª\u_ k'u], gk'u]sf] x]/L b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ /Lt -cª\u_ k'u]sf] eP sfof{nodf s'g} bf]xf]/f] bfaL 5 ls < ;f] / btf{ afFsL ;|]:tf

jf n'hl;6 -sDKo'6/ clen]v_ h] 5 ;f] le8fO{ bf]xf]/f] bfaL gb]lvPdf lg0f{osf nflu l6Kk0fL p7fO{ ldl;n cfkm"eGbf dflyNnf] bhf{sf] sd{rf/L ;dIf k]; ug'{kb{5 .

v_ /Lt -cª\u_ gk'u]sf] b]lvPdf s] s:tf] /Lt -cª\u_ gk'u]sf] xf], ;f]sf] cfb]z sfof{no k|d'v jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 u/fO{ gk'u k|lqmof k'¥ofpgsf nflu ldl;n u'7L sfof{nodf lkmtf{ k7fpg' kb{5 .

!=#$ u'7L hUuf btf{ ;DaGwdf u'7L hUuf btf{ kmf“6sf kmf“6jfnfn] Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx¿ M– u'7L hUuf 5'6 hUuf btf{ ug'{ kbf{ kmfF6jfnfn] lgDg s'/fdf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kb{5 M–

s_ u'7Lsf] s'g ;fljs nutaf6 le8]sf] xf] olsg u/L nut ptf/ / hUufsf] ljj/0f ;d]t le8\5, le8\b}g ;f] ;d]t x]g{] .

v_ /}s/ hUufsf] ;fljs nut, lt/f]sf] k|df0f gePsf / ljtf{ hUufsf] kf]tf -/l;b_ gle8]sf ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf hUufnfO{ u'7Lsf] gofF nutdf le8]sf] nut


sfod u/]sf] egL ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf cltqmd0f x'g ;Sg] ;DefjgfnfO{ ljz]if b[i6L k'¥ofO{ sfuhft, nut /fd|f] cWoog ug]{] .

u_ hUuf btf{ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ sfo{ljlw / k]; ug'{kg]{ k|df0f sfuh ;+nUg eP, gePsf] olsg ug]{ .

3_ pQm hUuf /}s/ jf ljtf{sf nflu lgj]bg k/] gk/]sf] olsg ug]{ . olb /}s/ jf ljtf{df ;d]t bfaL k/]sf] / ;DalGwt ;a} ldl;n ;fy /fvL dfubfaLsf] hUuf s'g nut;Fu le8\g] b]lvG5 ;f] ;DaGwdf ;a} kIfsf] dt}Sotf 5, 5}g ;f] olsg ug]{,

!=#% lg0f{o ubf{ ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kg]{ s'/fx¿ M– s_ u'7L sfof{noaf6 dfubfaL eOcfPsf] lsQf hUuf ;DaGwdf dfly bkmf !=## df

pNn]v ePsf s'/fx¿ olsg eP kl5 Joxf]/f :ki6 u/L lg0f{o ug'{k5{ . v_ u'7L sfof{noaf6 5'6 hUuf btf{sf nflu n]vL cfPsf] ldl;n pk/ lg0f{o ug'{kbf{

k|df0fsf] d"Nofª\sg / eP, u/]sf] sf/jfxLaf6 u'7Lsf] dfu adf]lhd ug{ dgf;Lj bl]vPsf] cj:yfdf dfq u'7Lsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd x'g] u/L lg0f{o ug{ x'G5 . u'7L sfof{noaf6 n]lvP s} cfwf/df dfq btf{ ug]{ lg0f{o ug{' x'b}g . o;/L lg0f{o ug{ gx'g] ldl;nx¿ dfly !=## -v_ k|s[ltsf hUufx¿sf] ldl;n s}lkmot ;lxt u'7L sfof{nodf lkmtf{ k7fpg' kb{5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;/sf/L jf ;fj{hlgs hUuf eP ;f] Joxf]/f hgfP/ u'7LnfO{ hfgsf/L k7fOlbg' kg]{5 / ljtf{, /}s/, lghL u'7L, /fhu'7Ldf ljjfb b]lvP ;DalGwt cbfntaf6 xs sfod u/L Nofpg ;'gfOlbO{ ;f]sf] lg:;f /fVg' kb{5 .

!=#^ u'7L hUufsf] df]7 5'§} agfpg]M– u'7L hUuf btf{ ug]{ lg0f{o eO{ ;s]kl5 lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf u'7L hUufsf] 5'§} df]7 v8f u/L /fVg' kb{5 .

!=#& lg0f{o ldl;n / k"hf{ u'7Ldf k7fpg]M– l/tk"j{s ;|]:tfk"hf{ tof/ ug]{ sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 ;Ssn ldl;n / k"hf{ ;+nUg /fvL rnfgL ;fy ;DalGwt u'7L sfof{nodf k7fpg' kb{5 / clen]vsf nflu ;f] ldl;n sf d'Vo d'Vo sfuh k|df0f -lg0f{o ;lxt_ sf k|ltlnlk agfO{ k|dfl0ft u/L /fVg' kb{5 .

!=#* nfUg] ;doM– dfnkf]t sfof{ndf u'7L sfof{noaf6 /Lt -cª\u_ k'uL k|fKt ldl;n km5of}{6 ug]{ ;do

k|lqmof k'u]kl5 & -;ft_ lbg eGbf j9L nufpg' x'b}g .

!=#( ;DalGwt ;]jfu|fxL jf lgj]bssf] st{Jo / bfloTj M– s'g} k|s[ltsf] hUuf btf{ u/fO{ dfUg cfpg] JolQm jf ;]jfu|fxLn] sfof{noaf6 cfkm"n] k|fKt ug{ rfx]sf] ;]jf jf sfdsf nflu cfkm"n] k]; ug'{kg]{ lgj]bg Pjd\ sfuh k|df0fx¿ / lkmN8 ;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxLdf hlt l56f] k]; ug{ jf h'6fpg jf pknAw u/fpg jf v'nfpg ;S5g\, Tolt g} l56f] sfd sf/jfxL cufl8 a9L 6'ª\uf] nfUg] x'Fbf k|rlnt sfg'g / o; sfo{ljlw adf]lhd k'/f ug'{kg]{ st{Jo ;DalGwt lgj]bs jf kIf jf ;]jfu|fxLaf6} x'g'kb{5 .

h:t}M /Ltk"j{s lgj]bg lbg', lgj]bsn] k]; ug]{ sfuh–k|df0f k]; ug]{, csf]{ kIfnfO{ Dofb hf/L ug]{, lemsfpg], tfd]n u/fpg], ;DaGwdf ljkIfsf] gfd,y/ / jtg v'nfpg], :ynut ;h{dLg u/fpg] cflb sfo{x¿ ug]{ bfloTj / st{Jo lgj]bss} x'g]5 .


!=$) sfd sf/jfxLdf kmf“6jfnf sd{rf/Lsf] lhDd]jf/L M– cw'/f] sfuh k]; u/fPsf], Psfsf] ljj/0f csf{sf]df le8fPsf], /f]Ssf ePsf] hUuf /f]Ssf 5}g egL le8fPsf], Psfdf lel8;s]sf] ljj/0f k'gM csf]{df le8fPsf], Pp6f ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg' kg]{df csf]{ ljj/0f pknAw u/fPsf], hgfpg kg]{ Joxf]/f ghgfPsf], k|fljlws sd{rf/Ln] lbg'kg]{ k|fljlws ljj/0f jf k|ltj]bg cflb ljleGg ljj/0fx¿ km/s kf/L u/]sf] sfdsf sf/0f hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL s'g} klg lg0f{o / k|rlnt sfg'g4f/f lgwf{l/t b/ adf]lhd lng' kg]{ b:t'/ glnO{ /fhZj nf]k u/]sf] s'/fdf tt\ sfo{df ;+nUg /xg], le8fpg], 5'6fpg], c;'n gug]{, em'6f k|fljlws ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg], ghgfpg], ?h' ug]{ sd{rf/L g} lhDd]jf/ /xG5g\ . To:tf] eP u/]sf] kfOPdf sfof{no k|d'vn] To:tf sd{rf/L pk/ tTsfn sf/jfxL rnfpg] .

!=$! cbfntsf] km};nfn] hUuf btf{ M– cbfntsf] km};nfadf]lhd ul/g] hUuf btf{ sfo{ km};nf sfof{Gjog ;Dd dfq ePsfn]

b]xfo adf]lhd km};nf sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 M– != lgj]bg lng] M– km};nfaf6 lhtL kfPsf] hUuf btf{ ug{sf nflu ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfn] dfnkf]t sfof{nodf l/tk"j{s lgj]bg lbg' kb{5 . @= ;+nUg x'g' kg]{ sfuh k|df0fx¿ M–

lgj]bg ;fy lgDg k|df0fx¿ ;+nUg ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . s_ km};nfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk . v_ km};nf sfof{Gjog ul/lbg' eGg] ;DalGwt cbfntn] dfnkf]t sfof{nosf gfddf

n]lv lbPsf] hgfpkq, u_ lgj]bssf] gful/stfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk

#= tf]s nufpg] M– cbfntsf] km};nf sfof{Gjogsf] l;nl;nfdf kg{ cfPsf] lgj]bg /Ltk"j{ssf] 5, 5}g ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ k|df0f sfuh 5, 5}g < lgj]bg b:t'/ jfkt nfUg] l6s6 ;d]t x]/L l/tk"j{ssf] b]lvPdf sfof{no k|d'v jf tf]lsPsf] clws[tn] lgj]bgdf tf]s nufpg' kb{5 .

$= d"n btf{df btf{ ug]{ M– lgjb]gdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 tf]s cfb]z eO{ ;s]kl5 d"n btf{ lstfadf btf{ u/L btf{ gDa/ ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ lbO{ lgj]bg ;DalGwt kmfF6df a'emfpg] bfloTj d"n btf{df vl6Psf] sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 .

%= kmf“6n] lgj]bg a'em\g] M– d"n btf{n] a'emfpg NofPsf] lgj]bg ldl;n ;DalGwt kmfF6jfnfn] a'emL lbg' kg]{ bfloTj kmfF6jfnfsf] x'g]5 .

^= kmf“6jfnfn] k"/f ug]{ sfo{lglw M– ldl;n btf{ 8fo/Ldf btf{ u/L ldl;n km5\of}{6 ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f ug'{kg]{ x'G5 M–

s_ /Ltk"j{ssf] ;gfvt u/fpg] . v_ df]7, /f]Ssf ljj/0f le8fpg] . u_ cGo cfjZos kg]{ ljj/0f le8fpg' kg]{ b]lvPdf ;f] ;d]t le8fpg] .


&= lg0f{o k|lqmofdf n}hfg]M– df]7, /f]Ssf / cGo Joxf]/faf6 km};nf sfof{Gjog ug{ dgfl;j b]lvPdf l6Kk0fLsf] dfWodaf6 lg0f{o k|lqmofdf n}hfg' kb{5, o:tf] lg0f{o k|lqmofsf] z'?jft ug]{ bfloTj kmfF6jfnfsf] x'g]5 .

*=gfoj ;'Aafsf] bfloTjM– kmfF6jfnfn] k]z u/]sf] l6Kk0fL adf]lhd lg0f{o ug{ dgfl;j 5 5}g< ldl;n x]/L /fo;fy lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/L jf ;/f]sf/jfnf clwsf/L ;dIf k|:t't ug]{ bfloTj tf]lsPsf] gfoj ;'Aafsf] x'g]5 .

(= lg0f{o ug]{ M– lg0f{osf lgldQ k|:t't x'g cfPsf] ldl;n dfu adf]lhd ug{ ldNg], gldNg] jf s]xL a'em\g' kg]{ s] xf] < olsg eO{ lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/Ln] km};nf pk/ k'g/fj]bg ug{' kg]{ cj:yf geP sfg'g adf]lhd lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 .

!)= km};nf sfof{Gjog ubf{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx¿ M– km};nf sfof{Gjog ubf{ lgDg s'/fx¿df Wofg lbg' kb{5 M– s_ km};nfdf JolQm ljz]ifsf] xs sfod ug]{ u/L :ki6 pNn]v eO{ ;f]xL adf]lhd

sfof{Gjog jf bf=vf= btf{ ug{ n]lv cfPsf] x'g'kb{5 . v_ :ki6 xs sfod gu/L bf]xf]/f] cy{ nfUg] u/L km};nf ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;DalGwt

cbfnt;Fu km};nf sfof{Gjogdf kg{ cfPsf] låljwfsf] jf/]df hfgsf/L lng' kb{5 . u_ km};nf sfof{Gjogsf nflu låljwf k/]df lhNnf l:yt ;/sf/L jlsnsf]

sfof{no;Fu klg /fo k/fdz{ lng ;lsG5 . 3_ obfsbf lst]{ sfuh k]z x'g ;Sg] ;+efjgf klg /xg] x'Fbf To; tkm{ klg Wofg

lbg' kb{5 . ª_ ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf] hUufdf JolQm ljz]ifsf] bfaL k/L dfnkf]t

sfof{noaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o ab/ u/L lbPsf] / k'gM lg0f{o ug'{ egL ePsf] cfb]z adf]lhd sfof{non] ;a'b k|df0fsf] d"Nofª\sg / ljZn]if0f u/L s] 7x/ x'g] xf] :jtGq¿kn] lg0f{o ug'{kb{5 . cbfntsf] km};nf sfof{Gjog egL JolQm ljz]ifsf] xs sfod gx'g] cj:yfsf] /x]5 eg] ;f]xL adf]lhdsf] lg0f{o ug'{kb{5 .

r_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ eO{ sfod /x]sf] hUufsf] btf{ ab/ xs sfod x'g] u/L cbfntaf6 clGtd lg0f{o eO{ cfPsf] /x]5 eg] ;f]xL km};nfsf] cfwf/df bf=vf= btf{ ug]{ u/L sfof{Gjog ug{ x'G5 . t/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 k|lt/Iff ug'{kg]{ sfo{ ePsf] /x]g5 eg] c=a+= *^ gDa/ adf]lhd km};nf ab/sf nflu Goflos pkrf/df hfg] bfloTj dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] ePsfn] ;f] ljifodf ljz]if Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

5_ ;/sf/L Pjd\ ;fj{hlgs hUuf x8Kg] lgotn] JolQm–JolQm ldnL cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ u/L km};nf jf ldnfkq u/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu dfu ePdf To:tf] km};nf jf ldnfkq sfof{Gjog ug'{ eGbf klxnf km};nf jf ldnfkq ab/sf nflu Goflos pkrf/df hfg' kb{5 / k'gM Goflos pkrf/ kl5 ePsf] km};nfdf eg] k'gM sf/jfxL ul/lbg' kb{5 .

h_ dfgxfgL gx'g] M– ;Ddflgt cbfntaf6 eO{ cfPsf] km};nf sfof{Gjog ubf{ c;'ljwf kg{ cfPsf] s'/f v'nfO{ ;Ddflgt cbfnt ;dIf ;d:ofsf] Joxf]/f k|:t't ug{ ;lsG5 . o;/L ;d:of k|:t't ubf{ cbfntsf] km};nf sfof{Gjog gePsf] sf/0f b]vfO{ dfgxfgL ePsf] cy{ nufpg ldNb}g .


em_ cbfntsf] ldnfdq sfof{GjogM–

Goflos lgsfoaf6 ePsf] ldnfkq adf]lhd hUuf bf=vf= btf{ ul/lbg] sfd dfnkf]t sfof{nos} If]qflwsf/ leq kg]{ ePsfn] o:tf] ldnfkqsf] sfof{Gjog sfo{ljlw klg km};nf sfof{Gjog ;/xs} sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug'{kb{5 . cbfntsf] km};nfn] s'g} btf{ ePsf] jf btf{ x'g afFsL hUuf jfbL, k|ltjfbL eGbf cGosf gfddf /x]5 eg] lghnfO{ hgfp lbP/ dfq km};nf sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 .

`_ lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf nflu df]7 kmf“6df k7fpg] M– ;Ddflgt cbfntsf] km};nf jf ldnfkq adf]lhd ug]{ u/L dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;DalGwt kmfF6jfnfn] kl~hsf ;lxtsf] ;Ssn lg0f{o ldl;n df]7 kmfF6df a'emfpg] bfloTj ;DalGwt kmfF6jfnfsf] x'g]5 .

6_ ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ug]{ M– km};nf sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/L ePsf] lg0f{o ldl;n df]7 kmfF6df k|fKt ePkl5 lg0f{o adf]lhd ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ug]{ bfloTj ;DalGwt df]7 kmfF6jfnfsf] x'g]5 . o:tf] ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ubf{ lgDg adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ lkmN8a'sdf hgfpg gfkL zfvfdf n]vL k7fpg] . v_ ;fljs nutdf hgfpg nut kmfF6df n]vL k7fpg] . u_ n'hl;6 eP To;df ;d]t hgfpg] . 3_ dfnkf]t c;'nLsf nflu :yfgLo lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg] / /l;b k|fKt ePkl5

;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ug]{ . ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ ubf{ hUufwgLsf] gfdy/, jtg, / tLg -#_ k':t]sf] ;fy} hUufsf] ljj/0f ;|]:tfdf :ki6 a'lemg] u/L ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f eg'{sf] ;fy} ld=g+=, ldlt, :ki6 a'lemg] u/L s}lkmot Joxf]/f ;|]:tf, k"hf{ b'j}df pNn]v ug'{kb{5 .

ª_ ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ u/]kl5 bf=vf=, btf{, l6kf]6 clgjfo{ ¿kdf eg'{ kb{5 . r_ kmfF6jfnfaf6 tof/ u/]sf] ;|]:tf k"hf{ tyf bf=vf= l6kf]6 r]s hfFr u/L k|dfl0ft

ug]{ bfloTj clws[t sd{rf/L jf tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Lsf] x'g]5 . 7_ e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ M–

bf=vf=, btf{ ePsf] hUufsf] ljj/0f ;DalGwt lhNnfsf] e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kb{5 .

8_ ldl;n tfd]nLdf a'emfpg] M– ;|]:tf k"hf{ k|dfl0ft eO{ ;s]kl5 yk sfuhft ;d]tsf] k|dfl0ft kl~hsf ;lxt # lbg leq ;Ssn ldl;n tfd]nL kmfF6df a'emfpg] bfloTj df]7 kmfF6jfnfsf] x'g]5 . tfd]nL kmfF6n] klg kmfF6jfnfx¿n] a'emfpg NofPsf] ldl;nsf] k|dfl0ft kl~hsf olsg u/L a'emL lng] bfloTj tfd]nL kmfF6jfnfsf] x'g]5 .

9_ nfUg] ;do M– km};nf sfof{Gjog ug{ s'g} jfwf Jojwfg b]lvPdf afx]s km};nf sfof{Gjogsf nflu lgj]bg k/]sf] ldl;n a9Ldf & lbg leq sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{kb{5 .

!=$@ ;ldltdf /fVg' gkg]{ M– b]xfosf ljifox¿ ;ldltdf k]; ul//xg' kb}{g . s_ sfof{non] xs j]xsdf ;'gfO{ cbfntaf6 xs sfod eO{ cfPsf] jf cbfntaf6 lsQfg+=,

If]qkmn ;d]t pNn]v u/L btf{ ul/lbg' egL PsLg 7x/ lg0f{o eO{ cfPsf] ljifodf . v_ lkmN8a'sdf ;/sf/L sfof{no hlgPsf] hUuf ;DalGwt ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] gfpFdf

btf{ ug]{ . u_ /fh u'7L cGt/u{t btf{ x'g] u'7L hUuf btf{ .


kl/R5]b M @ ljljw hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf

@=! ljljw hUuf btf{ eg]sf] s] xf] < z'? gfkL cl3 jf kl5 klg btf{, lt/f] grn]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[t gLlt adf]lhd k|rlnt sfg'gsf] clwgdf /xL g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ hUufsf] d"No ltg'{kg]{ u/L jf gkg]{ u/L jf g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]lslbPsf] lgsfodf ;fn j;fnL dfnkf]t a'emfpg] u/L tf]lsPsf] lgsfo jf cfof]u, ;ldlt jf clwsf/Ln] s'g} lgsfo jf ;ª\3 ;+:yf jf JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ ;|]:tf sfod ug]{ u/L lg0f{o u/L btf{ ul/Psf] ;/sf/L k|s[ltsf] hUufnfO{ ljljw hUuf btf{ eGg] hgfpFb5 . z'? gfkL cl3 s;}sf] gfpFdf btf{ gePsf] t/ j]lg:;fdf ef]urng x'g cfPsf] jf gfkL kl5 klg ef]u rng ug{ yflnPsf] hUuf btf{ ug]{ Joj:yf dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf @^ df ul/Psf] 5 tfklg pQm Joj:yf xfn :ylut ePsfn] ;f] Joj:yf cg';f/ s'g} sfd sf/jfxL ePsf] 5}g . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 u7g ePsf ljleGg cfof]u, ;ldlt jf lgsfoaf6 o:tf] k|s[ltsf hUuf btf{ ug]{ lg0f{o eO{ dfnkf]t sfof{nodf ;|]:tf cfpg] u/]sf] 5 .

@=@ ljljw hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yfM– ljljw hUuf btf{ sfo{ ljleGg ¿kaf6 x]g{ ;lsG5 / btf{ ug]{ k|lqmof sfo{ljlw klg km/s

km/s x'gfn] ;f] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 M–

@=# g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfddf hUuf btf{ ug]{ sfo{ljlw M– dfnkf]t P]g @)#$ sf] bkmf ^ df Joj:yf ePadf]lhd dfnkf]t sfof{non] cfkm\gf] If]qflwsf/ leqsf] k|To]s hUuf tf]lsPadf]lhd btf{ u/L /fVg] Joj:yf ePsf] / ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kg]{ P]= P]gsf] bkmf @$ -#_ df Joj:yf ePsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfddf hUuf btf{ ubf{ b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kg]{5 M– !_ JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf gfkgS;f geO{ lkmN8a'ssf] hUufwgL, df]xL dxnx¿sf] ;fy}

s}lkmot Joxf]/f ;d]t vfnL eO{ lj/x / lsl;d dxndf ;fj{hlgs jf ;/sf/L k|s[ltsf] -h:t} M ;fj{hlgs P]nfgL, uf}r/0f, kfgL3f6, d;fg3f6, af6f], v]ns'b d}bfg, eL/, h+un_ Joxf]/f hlgPsf hUufx¿sf] gfkL zfvfaf6 lkmN8a's lemsfpg] / sfof{nodf /x]sf] btf{ afFsL ;|]:tf, n'hl;6 le8fpg] .

@_ k|To]s lhNnf cGtu{t gfkgS;f ePsf uf=lj=;=x¿sf] cnu–cnu ;|]:tf x'g] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ ug]{ lg0f{o ug]{ / ;f]xL adf]lhd ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ug]{ .

#_ ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ ubf{ lgDg cfwf/df ljefhg u/L 5'§f 5'§} tof/ ug]{ M– s_ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;/sf/L hUuf . v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;fj{hlgs hUuf .

$_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf hUuf btf{ ug'{ k"j{ JolQm ljz]ifsf] dfubfaL k/]sf] jf JolQm ljz]ifsf] dfubfjL k/L cbfntdf ljrf/fwLgdf /x]sf] 5, 5}g PsLg ug'{kb{5 . JolQm ljz]ifsf] dfubfaL k/]sf] jf cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] hUuf clGtd lg0f{o jf km};nf geP ;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfddf btf{ ug'{ x'Fb}g .


%_ ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf] hUuf cbfntaf6 JolQm ljz]ifsf] sf gfpFdf btf{ x'g] u/L 7x/ lg0f{o eO{ cfPsf]df To:tf] lg0f{osf] cf}krfl/s ¿kdf hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g cfPdf tf]lsPsf] cbfntdf sfof{non] k'g/fj]bg ug'{kb{5 .

^_ JolQm ljz]ifsf] dfubfaL k/L sf/jfxL rln/x]sf] jf cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ ug]{ qmddf pQm clen]v gle8fO{ of] sfo{ljlw nfu" x'g'k"j{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ eO{ ;s]sf] /x]5 eg] cbfntsf] clGtd km};nfsf] cfwf/df btf{ ;Rofpg' kg]{ b]lvP ;f]xL km};nfsf] cfwf/df / clGtd km};nf gePsf] xsdf ljefusf] lgb]{zg lnP/ s], s:tf] lg0f{odf k'Ug' kg]{ xf], lg0f{odf k'Ug' kb{5 .

@=$ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgsfosf] gfddf hUuf btf{ M– g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgsfon] ejg agfO{ jf gagfO{ h'g;'s} k|sf/n] ef]u u/]sf] hUufx¿

;|]:tf cWofjlws /fVg' kg]{ ePsfn] To:tf] lgsfosf] gfddf hUuf btf{ ug'{kb{5 . To:tf] hUuf btf{ ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfpg' kb{5 M– !_ ;/sf/L lgsfon] ef]urng u/]sf] / ;f]xL cfwf/df lkmN8a's tof/ ePsf]

hUufnfO{ ;DalGwt lgsfoåf/f btf{sf nflu dfu u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ . @_ btf{ dfu eO{ cfPkl5 dfubfaL lsQfsf] gfkL zfvfaf6 lkmN8a's lemsfpg] . #_ sfof{nodf n'h–l;6 eP ;f];Fu le8fpg] . $_ cGo Joxf]/f le8fpg' kg]{ b]lvPdf ;f] ;d]t le8fpg] . %_ dfucg';f/sf] hUufdf JolQm jf cGo lgsfox¿sf] bfaL lj/f]w k/], gk/]sf] PsLg

ug]{ . ^_ dflysf k|lqmof k"/f ePkl5 sfof{non] lg0f{o ug]{ / ;|]:tf cWofjlws u/L k"hf{

;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fpg] . &_ lg0f{osf] Joxf]/f lkmN8a'sdf hgfpg gfkLdf n]vL k7fpg] .

@=% ;/sf/L lgsfon] ef]urng gu/]sf] ;/sf/L hUuf ;DaGwL Joj:yfM– o:tf k|s[ltsf hUufx¿ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;xdlt glnO{ btf{ ug'{ x'Fb}g . g]kfn ;/sf/sf]

:jLs[lt lnP/ btf{ ug'{k/]df b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ btf{ sf/jfxL ug'{kb{5M– c_ ;DalGwt lgsfosf] cg'/f]w kq ;lxt g]kfn ;/sf/ -d=k=_ sf] lg0f{o k|fKt ug]{ . cf_ ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 k7fPsf] cg'/f]wkq k|fKt ePkl5 gfkgS;f eO;s]sf] ;l;d

lsQf btf{ ug'{kg]{ /x]5 eg] ;f] sf] lkmN8a's gfkL zfvfaf6 dufpg] . O_ bf]xf]/f] bfaL / cGo clen]v le8fpg' kg]{ eP ;f] ;d]t le8fpg] . O{_ sfof{nosf] clen]vx¿ le8fpFbf s'g} lsl;dsf] jfwf lj/f]w gb]lvPdf eOcfPsf]

lg0f{oadf]lhd lg0f{o sfof{Gjog u/L ;f]sf] k"hf{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fOlbg] .

@=^ u|fdL0f cfjf; tyf a:tL ljsf; sDkgLsf] lg0f{on] hUuf btf{ ug]{ k|lqmof M– cJoj:yLt a;f]af;nfO{ Jojl:yt a;f]af; u/fpg] p2]Zon] If]qLo a;f]af; sfof{nox¿af6 hUuf ljt/0f ug]{ lg0f{o ePadf]lhd hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf dfnkf]t sfof{nox¿af6 k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfo{ eOcfPsf]df To:tf If]qLo a;f]af; sfof{nox¿n] ul/cfPsf] sfd u|fdL0f cfjf; tyf j:tL ljsf; sDkgLaf6 x'g] u/L Joj:yf ldnfOPsf]n] If]qLo a;f]af; sfof{nox¿ cl:tTjdf /x]sf 5}gg\ . a:tL ljsf; sDkgLn] JolQm ljz]ifnfO{ hUuf ljt/0f ug{ u/]sf] lg0f{o cg'¿k ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ ug'{kbf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf k|lqmof ckgfO{ ug'{kb{5 M–


!= ls=g+= ;d]t b]lvg] u/L hUuf k|fKt ug]{ JolQmsf] # k':t] ;lxt jtg v'n]sf] kq k|fKt x'g' kg]{5 .

@= o:tf] kq k|fKt ePkl5 sfof{non] lgDg ljj/0f le8fpg' kb{5 . s_ cg'/f]w eO{ cfPsf] lsQfsf] lkmN8a's gfkL zfvfaf6 le8fpg] . v_ plNnlvt hUuf btf{ 5, 5}g < df]7 ;|]:tf le8fpg] . s'g} JolQm ljz]ifsf] bfaL

k/]sf] 5, 5}g ;f] ;d]t le8fpg] . u_ /f]Ssf le8fpg] . 3_ cGo cfjZos k/]sf] ljj/0f Pjd\ Joxf]/f . ª_ dflysf] k|lqmof k"/f ePkl5 btf{ lg0f{o u/L ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ ug'{ cl3 dfnkf]t

c;'nLsf nflu :yfgLo lgsfodf kq n]vL k7fpg] . r_ :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 dfnkf]t c;'nL eO{ cfPkl5 ;|]:tf, k"hf{ cWofjlws u/L

;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ a'emfpg] . 5_ ;l;d ls=g+= geO{ ls=sf= ug'{kg]{ cj:yf ePdf ls=sf=sf] cfb]z gfkL zfvfdf

k7fO{ ls=sf= eO{ cfPkl5 eO{ cfPsf] ls=sf= adf]lhd lg0f{o ug]{ .

@=& ;fljs If]qLo a;f]af; sfof{nox¿ jf k'gjf{; sDkgLsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd hUuf btf{ ug{ af“sL /x]sf cj:yfsf] hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw M–

!= ;DalGwt JolQmaf6 lgj]bg lng] . @= lgj]bg ;fy lgDg sfuhft ;+nUg x'g'kg]{5 M– s_ a;f]af; sDkgLn] ljt/0f u/]sf] c:yfO{ lg:;f / ;Dej eP lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk .

v_ ls:tf a'emfPsf] eP ;f] sf] k|ltlnlk jf /l;b u_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk

@=* sfof{non] le8fpg' kg]{ s'/fx¿M– s_ a;f]af; jf k'gjf{; sfof{non] k7fPsf] hUufsf] d"Nosf] nut . v_ lg0f{o k|ltlnlk k7fPsf] eP lg0f{osf] Joxf]/f le8fpg] . u_ gfkgS;f ePsf] eP If]qLo lstfa ptf/ / lk|G6 gS;f . 3_ /f]Ssf, df]7 le8fpg] / ls:tf r'Stf eP gePsf] PsLg ug]{ . ª_ cGo cfjZos k/]sf] Joxf]/f eP ;f] le8fpg] . r_ dfly plNnlvt k|df0f / k|lqmof k"/f ePkl5 dfnkf]t c;'n ug]{ ;fn PsLg u/L

sfg'g adf]lhd c;'npk/sf nflu :yfgLo lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg] . 5_ ls:tf r'Stf ug{ afFsL eP ls:tf r'Stf c;'n ug{] .

@=( nfUg] ;doM– o:tf k|s[ltsf hUufx¿sf] btf{ ;|]:tf tof/ ug]{ sfd k|lqmof k'u]sf] @ lbg leq

;DkGg ug'{kb{5 .

@=!) emf]/f If]qsf] hUuf btf{M– emf]/f If]qsf] hUuf ;DaGwL P]g @)@* sf] k|fjwfg cg';f/ ljt/0f ePsf hUufx¿sf] hUuf btf{ ug]{ sfo{ k|fo ;dfKt eO{ ;s]sf] 5 . ljljw sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ sxL st} s]xL s]zx¿ x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . To:tf hUufx¿sf] hUuf btf{ ;DaGwdf o;} kl/R5]bsf] -3_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof / sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 .


@=!! Wofg lbg' kg]{ s'/fx¿ M– s_ emf]/f If]qdf sdf]b u/]sf] cjlw / lglZrt If]qkmn tf]sL hUuf ljt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf

ePsf] x'Fbf ;f]xL ;LdfÍg u/]sf] If]qkmn ;Ddsf] gfkgS;f x'g'kg]{ ePsfn] g/36L, g/a9Lsf] gS;f aGg ;Sg] ;Defjgf tkm{ ljz]ifsf] Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

v_ o:tf] hUufdf tf]lsPsf] ;Ldfª\sg (Limitation) eGbf a9L If]qkmn -g/a9L_ x'g] u/L hUuf btf{ ug'{ x'Fb}g . g/a9L lg0f{o klg ug'{ x'Fb}g .

@=!@ pv8f hUuf btf{ M– pv8f hUuf pv8f ;DaGwL P]g, @)@! sf] Joj:yfadf]lhd btf{ sf/jfxL ug{sf nflu

tt\ ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ u/L ;ldltsf] Joj:yf ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / cGo cj:yfdf hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 .

@=!# ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldltaf6 ePsf] lg0f{on] hUuf btf{ M– dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf &-!_s adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/ -d=k=_ sf] lg0f{on] ul7t

ljleGg ;dosf cfof]u jf ;ldltaf6 hUuf btf{ ug]{ lg0f{o eO{ ;f] lg0f{o adf]lhd cfof]u jf ;ldltn] sfo{ ;DkGg u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] a'em\g / a'emfpg ;do tf]lsPsf]df ;f] Dofb leq a'emfpg NofPsf] ;|]:tf, k"hf{ lgDg adf]lhd sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ a'em\g' kb{5 / lglZrt jf lgwf{l/t Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] ;|]:tf k"hf{nfO{ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg x'b}g .

!= kl~hsf ;lxtsf] btf{ ;|]:tf . @= k"hf{ ljt/0f ug{ afFsL k"hf{x¿ . #= ;ldltaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o lstfa . $= d"No lng] u/L hUuf ljt/0f ePsf]df ;f] ;DaGwL nut lstfa / c;'nLsf]

Joj:yf . %= hUuf btf{ ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldltn] hUuf btf{ u/]sf] hUufsf] ljj/0f b]lvg]

t]l/h . ^= hUuf btf{ ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldltn] g} hUuf btf{ sfo{ ;DkGg u/L tof/L ;|]:tfx¿

;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{no / gS;f, lkmN8a's gfkL zfvfdf a'emfpg' kb{5 . &= ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldltn] ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f 5fgljg u/L JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf hUuf

btf{ ug]{ u/L lg0f{o u/]sf] gfkgS;f ;d]t eO{ ;s]sf] btf{ ;|]:tf tof/ ug]{ sfo{ dfq afFsL /x]5 eg] lg0f{o lstfa, gfkgS;fsf] If]qLo lstfa / cGo Joxf]/f ;d]t a'emL lg0f{o, gS;f, If]qLo lstfa / ldl;n k|dfl0ft /x]sf / lkmN8df ljjfb /lxt cj:yfdf /x]df dfq g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lglt / cfb]z adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 .

@=!$ ;'s'Djf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldlt jf cfof]usf] lg0f{oaf6 hUuf btf{ M– cfof]usf] lg0f{on] btf{ ePsf] hUufsf] ;|]:tf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfb]zsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd a'emL nfu" ug]{ sfo{ ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{non] ug'{kb{5 . o:tf] ;|]:tf nfu" ug'{ kbf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfpg' kb{5 M–

!= sfg'g adf]lhd gfkgS;f u/L k|dfl0ft lkm=a'= jf Kn6 /lh:6/, gS;f gfkL zfvfdf a'emfPsf] x'g'kb{5 .

@= hUufsf] df]n, ;ldltsf] lg0f{o / ;f] lg0f{o adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] btf{ ;|]:tf cfof]un] dfnkf]t sfof{nodf a'emfPsf] x'g'kb{5 .


#= o:tf] ;|]:tf nfu" ubf{ dfnkf]t sfof{non] dflysf a'Fbfx¿sf] cltl/Qm sfof{nosf] clen]vaf6 x]bf{ cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/ leq /xL lg0f{o eP gePsf] btf{ afFsL df]7, lkmN8a's cflbaf6 PsLg ug'{kb{5 . o:tf cj:yfsf ;|]:tf PsLg ug]{ sfd g]kfn ;/sf/n] u7g u/]sf] ;ldlt jf cfof]uaf6 dfq x'g]5 .

$= cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/ leq g/xL lg0f{o ePsf], bf]xf]/f] gS;f tyf bf]xf]/f] btf{ ePsf] cflb kfOPdf To:tf] ;|]:tf dfnkf]t sfof{non] nfu" ug'{ x'Fb}g . To:tf] ;|]:tfx¿sf] nut 5'§} /fvL clen]v ;'/lIft /fVg' kb{5 .

%= ;|]:tf nfu" ug'{kg]{ cj:yfsf ;|]:tfx¿sf] dfnkf]t c;'n txl;n ug{sf nflu :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ kq n]vL k7fpg] / ;|]:tfx¿sf] kl~hsf ;d]t tof/ u/L jfOl08ª ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{5 .

^= df]7 kmfF6df ;|]:tf a'emfpFbf, Aofl08ª ubf{ hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* df plNnlvt Joj:yfcg';f/ ug'{kb{5 .

@=!% g]kfn ;/sf/ -d=k=_ sf] lg0f{on] hUuf btf{M– g]kfn ;/sf/ -d=k=_ sf] lg0f{on] x'g] hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw lgDgfg';f/ x'g]5M– != ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 d=k= sf] lg0f{oadf]lhd hUuf btf{ ug{sf nflu dfnkf]t

sfof{nonfO{ n]vL cfpg' kb{5 . @= lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf dGqLkl/ifbsf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf lgldQ ;DalGwt

dGqfnoaf6 e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfnonfO{ cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf dGqfnon] e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu dfkm{t To:tf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nodf n]vL k7fpg' kb{5 .

@=!^ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ubf{ ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ ljifox¿ -d+lGqkl/ifb\af6 gfk–gS;f jf btf{ ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] cj:yfdf_ M– s_ hUuf gfk–gS;f ePsf] 5, 5}g PsLg ug]{ . v_ gfkgS;f gePsf] eP gfk gS;fsf nflu gfkL zfvfnfO{ cfb]z lbg] . u_ gfkgS;f tof/ eO{ ;s]kl5 gS;f k|dfl0ft ug'{kg]{ cj:yf /x]5 eg] dfnkf]t

clws[tn] gfkgS;f k|dfl0ft ug]{ . 3_ ls=sf= dfq u/L lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]{ eP ls=sf= sf nflu gfkL zfvfnfO{

cfb]z lbg] . ª_ ls=sf= eO{ cfPkl5 dGqLkl/ifbsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd l6Kk0fLsf] dfWodaf6 lg0f{o

ug]{ . r_ lg0f{o adf]lhd ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ u/L k"hf{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf kq ;fy

k7fpg] .

@=!& nfUg] ;do M– s_ gfkgS;f u/L ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ ug'{kg]{ eP If]qkmn, ;ª\Vof, -Distance) x]/L

a9Ldf !% lbg leq sfo{ ;Dkfbg eO{ ;Sg' kg]{5 . – gfkgS;f ug'{ gkg]{ cj:yfsf] xsdf k|lqmof k'u]sf] @ -b'O{_ lbg leq sfo{ ;DkGg

ug'{kg]{ .


@=!* xfn cfjfbL ;ldltsf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog M– dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf @^ sf] Joj:yf cg';f/ / dfnkf]t lgodfjnL, @)#^ sf]

lgod !^ cg';f/ u7Lt ;ldltn] btf{ lg0f{o u/]sf] s]zx¿ cem} klg sfof{Gjog x'g afFsL /x]5 eg] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfO{ lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{M–

!_ ;DalGwt hUuf kfpg] JolQmaf6 lgj]bg lng] . @_ lgj]bg ;fy lgDg sfuhft ;+nUg x'g' kg]{ .

s_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk . v_ hUuf hf]tef]u u/]sf] :yfgLo lgsfosf] ls6fgL l;kmfl/; . u_ xfn cfjfbL ;ldltn] s'g} lg:;f k|df0f lbPsf] eP ;f] sf] k|df0f sfuh .

#_ sfof{non] ckgfpg' kg]{ ljlwM s_ xfn cfjfbL ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o k'l:tsf;Fu le8fpg] . v_ lkmN8a's, gS;f k|dfl0ft 5, 5}g gfkL zfvf a'em\g] . u_ gS;f / lkm=a"= k|dfl0ft ePsf] eP lkm=a"= sf] ptf/ ldl;n ;+nUg /fVg] . u_ df]7 / /f]Ssfsf] Joxf]/f s] 5 < sfof{nosf] clen]v;Fu le8fO{ ldl;n ;fy

;+nUg /fVg] . 3_ hUufsf] d"No clen]v le8fpg] . ª_ cbfntdf d'2f k/] gk/]sf] jf d'2f k/L ljrf/flwg /x]sf] 5, 5}g PsLg ug]{ . r_ lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug{sf lgldQ pko'{Qm 5, 5}g tt\ ;DaGwdf :ki6 eO{

;ldltsf] lg0f{o st}af6 ab/ eP, gePsf] x]/L, df]7, /f]Ssf le8]sf], cbfntdf d'2f gk/]sf], k|lt d"Nosf] clen]v le8]sf], gS;f lkmN8a's k|dfl0ft /x]sf] h:tf cj:yfsf] /x]5 eg] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 .

5_ dflysf a'Fbfg';f/sf] k|s[ltsf] /x]g5 eg] xfn cfjfbL ;ldltsf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug{ ldNb}g . To:tf] cj:yfdf ljefu ;dIf lgb]{zg dfu u/L ljefuLo lgsf;f adf]lhd ug'{kg]{5 .

h_ :ynut ;h{dLg, lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg / k|fljlws k|ltj]bg cflb k|df0f sfuh clgjfo{ ¿kdf ;dfj]; ug'{kb{5 .

@=!( nfUg] ;do M– dfly k|s/0f s, v, u df pNn]v ePsf] k|lqmof k'/f ePsf] cj:yfdf ;ft -&_ lbg leq

sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug'{kb{5 .

@=@) :jjf;L hUuf btf{ ug]{ sfo{ljlw M– g]kfn sf] ;/sfn] tf]s]sf] Dofb / sfo{ljlw adf]lhd sf/jfxL lsgf/f ubf{ b]xfosf]

sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5M @=@)=!= dfubfaLstf{n] lgjb]g lbg'kg]{ M–

k/fk'j{sfnb]lv zx/L If]q jf cf;kf;sf] ufpF j:tLdf tt\sfnLg Joj:yf cg';f/ :jLs[lt lnO{ jf glnO{ 3/ agfO{ ef]uL rrL{ cfPsf] t/ ;/sf/nfO{ dfnkf]t jf lt/f] a'emfpg] u/L btf{ eO{ g;s]sf 3/hUufx¿, hUuf gfkhfFr P]g, @)!( sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd gfkgS;f u/L btf{ gePsf 3/hUufx¿ btf{ ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]sf]df ;f]xL cg';f/ tf]s]sf] Dofb leq ;Dk"0f{ hUufsf] ljj/0f v'nfO{ :jjf;L 3/hUuf ef]u rng ug]{ JolQmn] ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .


@=@)=@= lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ k|df0f sfuhx¿ M– :jjf;L 3/hUuf btf{ u/L kfpg lgj]bg lbFbf b]xfosf sfuhft lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg

ug{' kb{5 . s_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk . v_ lkmN8a's ptf/ . u_ :yfgLo lgsfosf] xsef]usf] ls6fgL l;kmfl/; . 3_ gfd;f/L btf{ eP d[To' k|df0fkq, gftf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk / cfjZos cGo

k|df0f -gfd;f/L sfo{ljlwdf lgwf{l/t k|lqmof adf]lhd x'g]_ . ª_ gfkL gS;fsf] lk|G6 .

@=@)=#= sfof{non] ckgfpg' kg]{ sfo{ljlw M– s_ df]7, /f]Ssf clen]v;Fu le8fpg] . v_ bf]xf]/f] bfaL le8fO{ PsLg ug]{ . u_ xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ug]{ -hUuf btf{

sfo{ljlw adf]lhd_ . 3_ :YffgLo lgsfosf k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df ;fFw ;Flwof/ /fvL :ynut ;h{dLg

ug]{ . ª_ cfjZostfg';f/ sfof{no k|d'v jf gLh eGbf Ps tx d'gLaf6 :ynut

lg/LIf0f u/L lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ldl;n ;fy /fVg] . r_ cGo k|df0f, lgsfo jf JolQm a'em\g' kg]{ eP /Lt k"j{s a'emL :ki6 x'g] . 5_ dflysf aF'bfx¿sf] k|lqmof k"/f ePkl5 ;ldltdf k]; ug]{ . h_ ;ldltdf k]; ubf{ lgj]bssf] dfuadf]lhd ug{ ldNg] jf gldNg] ljifodf 7f];

/fo ;fy k]; ug]{ . em_ ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; ubf{ ldl;ndf ;+nUg k|df0f / k|lqmof cWoog u/L btf{

ug{ l;kmfl/; ug{ ldNg] jf gldNg] ljifodf :ki6 eO{ ldNg] eP ;f]xL adf]lhd / gldNg] b]lvPdf sf/0f ;lxt v'nfO{ l;kmfl/; lg0f{o ug'{kb{5 . bf]xf]/f] cy{ nfUg] u/L l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ug'{ x'Fb}g .

`_ :jjf;L 3/hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL sf/jfxLsf qmddf ljefuLo lgb]{zg cfjZos kg]{ cj:yf b]lvPdf ;f] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ s], s:tf] ljsNk x'g ;Sb5 < sfof{non] cfkm\gf] ls6fgL /fo ;lxt k]; ug'{kb{5 . o;/L k]; ePsf] kmfO{ndf ljefuLo lgb]{zg k|fKt ePkl5 lgb]{zg adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 . -cgfjZos cf]x/ bf]xf]/ gx'g] u/L_ .

6_ Kn6 /lh:6/ jf lkmN8a'sdf Joxf]/f hgfpg] . 7_ :jjf;L 3/hUuf btf{ ug]{ lg0f{o ubf{ gfkgS;f ePs} ;fn b]lv dfnkf]t

c;'n ug{ :yfgLo lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg' kb{5 / ;f] c;'n ePsf] k|df0f ldl;n ;+nUg u/]kl5 dfq ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ k"hf{ pknAw u/fpg' kb{5 .

8_ :jjf;L 3/ hUuf btf{sf nflu tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq} sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ / ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf cltqmd0f ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfsf gfpFdf btf{ x'g gkfpg] k|lqmof cjnDjg ug]{ . ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf] eP ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgsdf btf{ ug]{ Joj:yf ug]{ .

@=@!= nfUg] ;do M– lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltb]lv ^ dlxgf leq lgj]bg km5\of}{6 ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .


@=@@ cf“s8f hUuf btf{ sfo{ljlw M– cfFs8f hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL ;d:of gjnk/f;L, ¿kGb]xL / slknj:t' lhNnfx¿df cem} klg /lx/x]sf]n] ;f] ;DaGwL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf lgldQ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 M– @=@@=! ;"rgf hf/L ug]{ M–

cfFs8f hUuf btf{ sf/jfxL lsgf/f ug{sf lgldQ g]kfn ;/sf/n] 5'§} ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL ;ldltn] / ;ldlt u7g geO{ dfnkf]t sfof{non] g} btf{ ug]{ eGg] cfb]z g]kfn ;/sf/n] u/]sf] cj:yfdf cfFs8f hUuf sdfO{ a;]sf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfx¿nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ug{sf nflu lgj]bg lbg] clGtd Dofb ;d]t lbg] u/L b]xfosf :yfgx¿df ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L ug'{kb{5 . -o:tf] sfo{ ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfb]z lbPdf dfq ug]{ _ M–

s_ /fli6«o b}lgs jf :yfgLo kqklqsf . v_ :yfgLo lgsfox¿df . u_ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no . 3_ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no . ª_ lhNnf e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no . r_ dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6L . 5_ ;DalGwt uf=lj=;= .

@=@@=@= lgj]bg ;ª\sng ug]{ M– ;"rgf hf/L ePkl5 lgj]bsx¿af6 kg{ cfPsf] lgj]bg ljlwjt btf{ u/L ;f]sf] t]/Lh tof/ ug'{kb{5 . @=@@=#= lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ sfuhftx¿ M–

s_ hUufsf] ljj/0f . v_ lkmN8a's, gS;f . u_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk . 3_ gfd;f/L btf{ eP d[To' k|df0fkq / gftf–k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk ª_ :yfgLo lgsfosf] ls6fgL l;kmfl/; . r_ cGo k|df0f sfuhx¿ .

@=@@=$= sfof{non] k'¥ofpg' kg]{ sfo{ljlwM– s_ cfFs8f ;DaGwL clen]v /lh:6/ /fv]sf] eP ;f] clen]v ;Fu le8fpg] . v_ gfkgS;f eP gePsf] PsLg ug]{ . u_ btf{ afFsL ;|]:tf 5, 5}g < eP s;sf] jf s] cj:yfdf 5 PsLg ug]{ . 3_ ag ;Ldfgf leq kg]{, gkg]{ ljifodf lhNnf ag sfof{no;Fu hfgsf/L lng] . ª_ xsbfaL ;DaGwL ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf -#% lbg]_ k|sflzt ug]{ . r_ :yfgLo lgsfosf k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df ;fFw ;Flwof/ ;lxtsf] /Ltk"j{s :ynut

;h{dLg ug]{ / k|ltj]bg ldl;n ;fy ;+nUg /fVg] . 5_ :ynut lg/LIf0f u/L lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ldl;n;fy ;+nUg /fVg] . h_ hUufsf] d"No lgwf{/0f u/LPadf]lhd c;'npk/ ug]{ . em_ dfnkf]t nfUg] ;fn PsLg u/L c;'npk/ ug{ :yfgLo lgsfodf n]vL k7fpg] /

c;'n ePsf] k|df0f ldl;n ;+nUg /fVg] . @=@@=%= sfo{ km5\of}{6 ug{ nfUg] ;do M– cfFs8f hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL sf/jfxL dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] lgoldt sfo{ leq gkg]{ ePsfn] sfdsf] k|s[lt / cj:yf x]/L # -ltg_ dlxgf leq lgj]bg dflysf] sf/jfxL ;DkGg u/L ;Sg'kb{5 .


@=@# ;§f egf{ hUuf btf{ M– ;§f egf{ hUuf btf{sf] sfo{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]lslbPsf] cj:yfdf dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 sf/jfxL lsgf/f ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o:tf] sfo{ dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] b}lgs sfo{ ;Dkfbg leq kb}{g . @=@#=!= ;§f egf{sf hUuf btf{ ug'{kg]{ cj:yfx¿ M–

s_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Jojl:yt a;f]af; cGtu{t a:tL :yfgfGt/ u/]sf] cj:yfdf . v_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] hUuf ;§fegf{ lbOg] u/L k|fKt

u/]sf] cj:yfdf . u_ af9L k}/f] kLl8tnfO{ :yfgfGt/ ug'{kg]{ cj:yf eO{ ;fljs a;f]af;af6 cGoq a;f]af;

u/fpg' kbf{ . 3_ Jojl:yt sfo{ of]hgf cGtu{t sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{ kbf{ a:tL g} cGoq :yfgfGt/

ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf . ª_ cGo ljljw cj:yfx¿ .

@=@#=@= dfnkf]t sfof{non] ug]{M– cfof]u tyf ;ldlt u7g x'g] ;§fegf{ lbg'kg]{ hUuf ;DaGwdf sfdsf] cfsf/ cj:yf

/ hl6ntf x]/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfof]u tyf ;ldltx¿ u7g u/L pNn]lvt cj:yfsf sfo{ ;Dkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o:tf] ;ldltx¿ lglZrt cjlwsf lgldQ u7g x'g] ePsfn] ;f] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 afFsL /x]sf sfdx¿ dfnkf]t sfof{nox¿n] ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . @=@#=#= ;§f egf{ hUuf btf{ ug]{ sfo{ljlwM–

s= lgj]bg k/L jf gk/L sf/jfxLs} qmddf ldl;n v8f eO{ sf/jfxL lsgf/f ug{ afFsL /x]5 eg] /Lt -cª\u_ k'¥ofO{ sfo{ ;DkGg ul/lbg' kb{5 .

v= o:tf] hUuf btf{ sf/jfxL ubf{ 5'6 hUuf btf{ ;ldltdf /fVg' kb}{g . ;§f egf{ lbg] k|of]hgsf nflu u7Lt ;ldltn] hUuf pknAw u/fpg] u/L lg0f{o u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 .

u= ;§f egf{ kfpg'kg]{ cfwf/ k|df0f ePsf] JolQm ljleGg sf/0fa; ;§fegf{ hUuf k|fKt ug{af6 jlGrt ePsf] eGg] lgj]bg k/L sf/jfxL x'Fbf lgj]bsn] k]; u/]sf] k|df0f sfuh sfof{nodf /x]sf] clen]v cflb Joxf]/faf6 hUuf ;§fegf{ pknAw u/fpg kg]{ dgfl;j cfwf/ b]lvPsf], t/ u7Lt cfof]u jf ;ldltsf] lg0f{odf gk/]sf] cj:yfdf cfkm\gf] 7x/ /fo ;fy sfof{no k|d'vn] e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu dfkm{t e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfnodf k]; u/L lgsf;f k|fKt ePadf]lhd sf/jfxL lsgf/f ug'{kb{5 .

@=@#=$= dfnkf]t sfof{non] ug]{M– ;§fegf{ jfkt k|fKt hUufsf] dfnkf]t c;'nLsf nflu :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ hfgsf/L

u/fpg' kg]{ lhDd]jf/L dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] x'g]5 . o:tf] hUufsf] dfnkf]t c;'nLsf nflu :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ n]vL k7fpFbf s'g ;fnaf6 dfnkf]t c;'npk/ ug'{kg]{ xf] < :ki6 v'nfpg' kb{5 / dfnkf]t /sd c;'npk/ ug{ n]vL k7fPsf] ;fnsf] hl/jfgf nfUb}g . @=@#=%= sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg] ;do M–

;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf], t/ k"hf{ lbg afFsL /x]sf] cj:yfdf & lbg leq sfo{ ;DkGg ul/;Sg' kb{5 . @=@$ ef]uflwsf/ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw M–

;/sf/L hUufsf] ef]uflwsf/ lbg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf @)$( ;fn b]lv ul/Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ef]uflwsf/ lbg] sfo{nfO{ hUuf btf{ cGtu{t lng' x'Fb}g . sfg'g adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf]


;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf ;+:yfx¿ ;~rfng ug{sf nflu ejg agfpg] k|of]hgsf lgldQ tf]lsPsf] zt{ cwLgdf /xL ef]u ug]{ clwsf/;Dd k|bfg ug]{ ul/G5 .

ef]uflwsf/sf] sf/jfxL rnfpFbf lgDg k|lqmof k"/f ug'{kb{5 M @=@$=!= lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ M–

s_ ef]uflwsf/ dfu ug]{ ;+:yfn] hUufsf] ef]uflwsf/ dfu ul/Psf] ljj/0f :ki6 b]lvg] u/L Joxf]/f v'nfO{ ;DalGwt lhNnfsf] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' kb{5 .

v_ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg /fVg' kg]{ sfuh k|df0fx¿M– ef]uflwsf/ dfu ug]{ ;+:yfn] lgDg sfuh k|df0fx¿ ;+nUg /fvL k]; ug'{kb{5 M–

!_ ;+:yf btf{ k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk / gljs/0f u/]sf] k|ltlnlk . @_ cfly{s ;|f]t ;lxtsf] sfo{ of]hgf . #_ :yfgLo lgsfosf] ls6fgL l;kmfl/; . $_ gfkgS;f, lkmN8a's ptf/ . %_ ;+:yfsf] ljwfg -;Ssn_

@=@$=@= sfof{non] ckgfpg' kg]{ sfo{ljlw M– s= k]; ePsf sfuhftsf] cflwsf/Lstf PsLg ug]{ . v= xsbfaL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ;j{;fwf/0f ;a}n] b]Vg] :yfgdf,

:yfgLo lgsfox¿df k|sflzt ug]{ . u= rf/}tkm{sf ;fFw;Flwof/, :yfgLo lgsfo, :yfgLo eb|enfbdLsf] /f]xj/df :ynut

;h{dLg ug]{ . 3= gfkL zfvf ;Fu k|fljlws k|ltj]bg lng] . ª= cfjZostf cg';f/ :ynut lg/LIf0f u/L lkmN8sf] cj:yf b]lvg] u/L :ynut

k|ltj]bg ;+nUg ug]{ . r= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf df]7 sfod eP, gePsf] PsLg ug{ df]7 le8fpg] . 5= /f]Ssf clen]v le8fpg] . h= ag, a'6]g h:tf k|s[ltsf hUufx¿ eP ag sfof{nosf] ;xdlt lng] . em= gbL psf; hldg eP e";+/If0fsf] b[i6Lsf]0fn] cfjfb ug{ ldNg] jf gldNg]

k|fljlws k|ltj]bg k|fKt ug]{ . @=@$=#= ef]uflwsf/ ;DaGwL :yfgLo ;ldltn] ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ s'/fx¿ M–

s= dfu ul/Psf] hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos kg{;Sg] jf g;Sg] :ki6 x'g' kg]{ . v= :yfgLo ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] lk/ dsf{ jf c;'ljwf x'g ;Sg] ;+efjgf /x],

g/x]sf] :ki6 x'g'kg]{ . u= ;+:yfsf] cfo–;|f]tsf] ;fy} cGo ljleGg kIfsf] ljrf/ u/L cf}lrTo eP, gePsf]

:ki6 ug]{ . 3= dfu ul/Psf] hUufsf] rngrNtLsf] d"No ls6fg ug]{ . ª= dflysf a'Fbfx¿df /xL cfjZos 5nkmn Pjd\ ljZn]if0f ubf{ ;+:yfnfO{ ef]uflwsf/

pknAw u/fpg pko'{Qm b]lvPdf cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ef]uflwsf/ pknAw u/fpg l;kmfl/z ug]{ .

@=@$=$= ef]uflwsf/ ;DaGwL ldl;n ljefudf k7fpg] M– s_ ;/sf/L hUufsf] ef]uflwsf/ pknAw u/fpg] ;ldltaf6 l;kmfl/; ePkl5 ;f]

l;kmfl/; ePsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk ldl;n ;+nUg /fvL dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] ls6fgL /fo ;fy sf/jfxL ldl;n e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu, hUuf k|zf;g zfvfdf k]; ug'{kb{5 .


@=@$=%= e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefun] ckgfpg' kg]{ k|lqmof M– s_ sfof{noaf6 k|:t't x'g cfPsf] ldl;n btf{ ug]{ . v_ l6Kk0fL v8f ug]{ . u_ l6Kk0fL tof/ ePkl5 ;DalGwt zfvfsf] clws[tn] sfo{ k|lqmof k"/f eP

gePsf] x]/L ljZn]if0f u/L /fo ;fy ldl;n lgb]{zs ;dIf k]; ug]{ . 3_ lgb]{zsn] k]; x'g cfPsf] ldl;n dGqfnodf k]; ug{ dgfl;j eP, gefPsf]

PsLg u/L dGqfnodf k]; ug{ dfgl;j b]lvPdf dxflgb]{zs ;dIf k|:t't ug]{ . ª_ dxflgb]{zsn] ldl;npk/ eP u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxL / clws[tx¿sf] /fo

;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L dGqfnodf k]; ug'{kg]{ b]lvP k]; ug]{ / cGo yk s'/f a'em\g'kg]{ b]lvP ;f]xLcg';f/sf] cfb]z ul/lbg] .

r_ dxflgb]{zssf] cfb]z ePkl5 cfb]zfg';f/ sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg] sfo{ ljefusf] hUuf k|zf;g zfvfn] ug]{ .

@=@$=^= g]kfn ;/sf/ -d=k=_ ;dIf k]; ug]{ M– ljefuaf6 k|:t't x'g cfPsf] kmfO{n cWoog u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ -d+=k=_ ;dIf k];

ug{ pko'Qm x'g] gx'g] PsLg u/L pko'Qm b]lvPdf cfjZos sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf k]; ug]{ lhDd]jf/L e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfnosf] x'g]5 . @=@$=&= lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf nflu n]vL k7fpg] M–

s_ ef]uflwsf/ lbg] u/L d+qLkl/ifbaf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ePsf] cj:yfdf pQm lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf nflu e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfnon] e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefudf n]vL k7fpg] 5 .

v_ dGqfnoaf6 n]vL cfP adf]lhd ug]{ ;DaGwdf yk lgb]{zg lbg'kg]{ eP lgb]{zg ;lxt ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 k|fKt ldl;n ;+nUg /fvL ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nodf k7fpg' kb{5 .

@=@$=*= dfnkf]t sfof{non] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ M– s_ ef]uflwsf/ pknAw u/fpg] u/L d+=k=sf] lg0f{o ;lxt ljefu dfkm{t k|fKt x'g

cfPsf] ldl;nsf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] x'g]5 .

v_ ls=sf= ug{ cfb]z ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;d]tsf] cfb]z ;DkGg u/L d+=k= sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd x'g] u/L dfnkf]t sfof{non] klg lg0f{o ug'{kb{5 . o:tf] lg0f{o ubf{ l6Kk0fL k|yfåf/f ug'{kb{5 .

@=@$=(= ef]uflwsf/ k|df0f–kq pknAw u/fpg] M– s_ ef]uflwsf/ pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{o eO{ sfof{Gjog ubf{ dWo]af6 lbg] u/L lg0f{o

ePsf]df ls=sf= ug{ gfkL zfvfdf k7fpg' kb{5 . v_ gfkL zfvfaf6 ls=sf= eO{ cfPkl5 sfodL lsQf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ u/L

;DalGwt ;ª\3–;+:yfnfO{ ef]uflwsf/ k|df0f–kq pknAw u/fO{ ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 .

u_ o;/L ;|]:tf cWofjlws ubf{ ;fljs lsQf vf/]h u/L afFsL lsQf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf sfod ug'{kb{5 .

3_ ef]uflwsf/ k|df0fkq pknAw u/fpFbf ;fnj;fnL ¿kdf cfpg] cfly{s P]gsf] cg';"rLdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ c;'n pk/ ug'{kb{5 .


ª_ ef]uflwsf/sf] k|df0fkq pknAw u/fpbf :yfgLo l;kfl/; ;ldltn] ef]uflwsf/ lbg] u/L l;kmfl/; ug'{ k"j{ s'g} zt{ tf]sL lg0f{o ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / zt{ gtf]sL lg0f{o ePsf]df :yfgLo l;kmfl/; ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; ug'{ k"j{ jf l;kmfl/;sf] lg0f{odf pNn]v ePsf] jf kl5 dfnkf]t sfof{non] zt{ tf]Sg cfjZos b]v]sf ljifox¿ ;ldltn] zt{ sfod u/L ef]uflwsf/ k|df0fkq pknAw u/fpg' kb{5 .

r_ pk/f]Qm afx]s dfnkf]t sfof{non] zt{ tf]Sg jf cGo s'g} Joxf]/f ;dfj]; ug{ cfjZos b]v]df lg0f{osf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L cGo Joxf]/f v'nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 .

5_ gjLs/0f M ef]uflwsf/ gjLs/0fsf lgldQ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] #% lbg leq gjLs/0f ug'{kg]{ s'/f klg ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kb{5 .

@=@$=!)= cg'udg / lg/LIf0f M– ef]uflwsf/ pknAw u/fOPsf] hUuf ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] clwgdf /xL pkof]u u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf lg/LIf0f Pjd\ cg'ud dfnkf]t sfof{non] a/fj/ ug'{kb{5 . lg/LIf0f eO{;s]kl5 lg/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf] Joxf]/fsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] kmfO{ndf ;+nUg u/L /fVg' kb{5 . o; ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg :yfgLo lgsfo;Fu klg lng ;lsg]5 . @=@$=!!= ef]uflwsf/ ;dfKt ug]{ Joj:yf M–

ef]uflwsf/ pknAw u/fOPsf] hUuf h'g zt{df k|fKt u/]sf] xf] ;f] zt{ kfngf gu/L p2]Zo ljk/Lt b'¿kof]u u/]sf] lg/LIf0fsf] qmddf kfOPdf To:tf] ef]uflwsf/ ;dfKtL :yfgLo l;kmfl/; ;ldltn] ug{ ;Sg] 5 . o;/L ef]uflwsf/ ;dfKt ug]{ lg0f{o ug'{ k"j{ ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ ;kmfO{sf] df}sf lbg' kb{5 . ef]uflwsf/ ;dfKt ug]{ lg0f{o ePkl5 ;|]:tfdf ;d]t Joxf]/f hgfO{ clen]v cWofjlws ug]{ sfd dfnkf]t sfof{non] ug'{kb{5 . @=@$=!@= ef]uflwsf/ pknAw u/fpg gx'g] hUufx¿ M–

lgDg k|s[ltsf hUufx¿ s'g} klg ;ª\3 jf ;+:yfaf6 ef]uflwsf/ dfu eO{ cfPdf ef]uflwsf/ sf/jfxL ug{ gldNg] ePsfn] tt\ ;DaGwL lgj]bg k/]df lgj]bg vf/]h ug]{ lg0f{o u/L sf/jfxL lsgf/f nufpg' kb{5 . o:tf] lg0f{o ug]{ lhDd]jf/L :yfgLo l;kmfl/; ;ldltsf] x'g]5 .

s_ ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf k|of]u ePsf hUufx¿ . h:t} M kfgL3f6, uf]r/0f, v]nd}bfg, d;fg3f6, s"jf, kFw]/f, af6f] vf]nf kf6L, kf}jf kfgLsf] d'n h:tf k|s[ltsf hUufx¿ .

v_ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ pkof]udf cfpg ;Sg] hUufx¿ . h:t}M agh+un, a'6]g, k|tL{ cflb hUufx¿ .

u_ :yfgLo ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;GwL ;k{g kg]{ hUufx¿ . @=@$=!#= ef]uflwsf/ k|df0fkq / ;|]:tfsf] 9f“rf M–

o;} sfo{ljlwsf] cg';"rLdf /x]sf kmf/dcg';f/ x'g'kb{5 . @=@$=!$= nfUg] ;do M–

ef]uflwsf/ ;DaGwL dfubfaL k/]sf] ldltn] a9Ldf ^ dlxgf leq dfubfaL ;DaGwL 6'ª\uf] nufO;Sg' kg]{5 .

@=@% hUuf k|fKtL P]g @)#$ adf]lhd k|fKt ul/Psf] hUufsf] hUuf btf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M– g]kfn ;/sf/sf ljleGg lgsfoaf6 ;+rflnt ljsf; cfof]hgf ;~rfng nufot ;fdflhs lqmofsnfk ;~rfngsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ hUufx¿ lglZrt If]qdf x'g] ePsfn] To:tf] If]qdf b]xfosf hUuf kg{ ;Sb5g\ M– s_ JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] hUuf . v_ ;/sf/L hUuf .


u_ u'7Lsf] hUuf . 3_ btf{ afFsL hUuf .

@=@%=!= ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 n]vL cfpg' kg]{ M– hUuf clwu|x0f ul/;s]kl5 clwu|x0f ug]{ c•faf6 hUuf bflvn vf/]h ug{sf nflu ;DalGwt Onfsfsf] dfnkf]t sfof{nodf b]xfosf] ljj/0f v'nfO{ n]vL cfpg' kb{5 M– s_ hUufwgLsf] gfd, y/, jtg / tLg k':tf v'n]sf] ljj/0f . v_ hUuf /x]sf] uf=lj=;=, j8f g+=, Block No., lsQf g+=, lj/x, If]qkmn / dWo]af6

eP tkm{ ;d]t v'n]sf] ljj/0f . u_ /fhkq / /fli6«o klqsfdf k|sflzt ljj/0fsf] ;Ssn sfuh .

@=@%=@= dfnkf]t sfof{non] ;Dkfbg ug]{ s'/fx¿ M– ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 n]vL cfPkl5 b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] hUufsf] sf/jfxL ubf{ df]7, /f]Ssf cflb

le8fpg] . v_ df]7, /f]Ssf le8]kl5 ls=sf= ug'{kg]{ eP ls=sf=ug{ gfkL zfvfdf cfb]z k7fpg] . u_ o:tf] -ls=sf= eO{ cfPkl5 jf ls=sf= ug'{ gkg]{_ hUufx¿ bflvnf vf/]hsf nflu

l6Kk0fL k|lqmofaf6 lg0f{o ug]{ . 3_ lg0f{o adf]lhdsf] bf=vf=sf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L k"hf{ rnfgL ;fy ;DalGwt lgsfodf

k7fpg] . ª_ u'7L hUufsf] xsdf klg dfly s} æsÆ b]lv æ3Æ k|s/0fdf plNnlvt k|lqmof

ckgfO sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ . r_ btf{ afFsL hUufsf] xsdf eg] 5'6 hUuf btf{ sfo{ljlw cg';f/ sf/jfxL u/L 7x/

lg0f{o adf]lhd ug]{ . 5_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] xsdf dfly æsÆ k|s/0f b]lv æuÆ df

pNn]vePsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ . h_ o:tf] hUufsf] bf=vf= btf{ ubf{ ;fljs ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] df]7af6 bf=vf=

u/L ;|]:tf cWofjlws /fVg] . em_ ls=sf= ug'{kg]{ eP ls=sf= af6 sfod eO{ afFsL If]=km= g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfddf

sfod ug]{ . `_ o:tf] clwu|x0f ul/g] hUufsf] rf/ lsNnf leqsf] hUuf JolQm ljz]ifsf] d'2f k/L

cbfntdf ljrf/fwLgdf /x]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ljjflbt hUufsf] xsdf dfq cbfntsf] clGtd km};nf adf]lhd x'g] u/L s}lkmot hgfO{ sf/jfxL ug]{ .

6_ pk/f]Qm k|s[lt afx]s cGo ljljw ;d:ofx¿ b]lvg cfPdf ljefuLo lgsf;f dfu ug]{ / ljefuLo lgsf;f adf]lhd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ .

@=@%=#= hUuf clwu|x0f ug]{ lgsfosf] bfloTj M– hUuf k|fKtL P]g, @)#$ adf]lhd k|fKt ul/Psf] hUufsf] /f]Ssf / bflvn vf/]h u/fpg] bfloTj ;DalGwt hUuf k|fKt ug]{ sfof{nosf] x'g]5 . dfnkf]t sfof{nonfO{ bflvnf vf/]h ug{ clwu|x0f ePsf] / d'cfAhf a'em]sf] k|df0f;lxt ;DalGwt sfof{non] cg'/f]w u/]kl5 lgodcg';f/ dfnkf]t sfof{non] bf=vf= ug]{5 . @=@^ gfkL ph'/L 6'+Uofpg] sfo{ljlwM–

hUuf gfkhfFr P]g, @)!( adf]lhd gfkgS;fsf] sfo{ ;dfKt eO{ ;|]:tf, k"hf{ nufotsf sfuh kqx¿ gfkL uf]Zjf/fn] dfnkf]t sfof{nodf a'emfpFbfsf cj:yfdf gfkL


uf]Zjf/faf6 km5\of}{6 ug{ afFsL /x]sf ph'/Lx¿nfO{ gfkL ph'/L eGg] ul/Psf] 5 . gfkL ph'/L ;DaGwL sf/jfxL @ k|sf/n] ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 .

s_ gfkL uf]Zjf/fn] lg0f{o u/]sf] t/ sfof{Gjog gePsf] . v_ gfkL uf]Zj/fdf ph'/ k/]sf], t/ cGo sfo{ljlw k"/f eO{ jf geO{ lg0f{o x'g afFsL

/x]sf] . @=@^=! uf]Zjf/faf6 lg0f{o eO{ sfof{Gjog x'g af“sL M–

s_ gfkL uf]Zjf/faf6 t]/f]–d]/f]df lg0f{o eO{ lrQ ga'em\g] kIfnfO{ cbfntdf hfgsf nflu /Lt k"j{ssf] Dofb a'emfOPsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL ldltn] lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f k/], gk/]sf] hfgsf/L lnO{ d'2f gk/]sf] eP ;f]xL lg0f{osf] cfwf/df lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 .

v_ olb lg0f{o ;Dd ePsf] t/ ljkIfLnfO{ ljlwjt Dofb a'emfPsf] jf lg0f{o ldl;ndf hfgsf/L u/fPsf] /xg]5 eg] To:tf]df d'n'sL P]g cbfntL aGbj:tsf] !!) g+= adf]lhdsf] /Lt -cª\u_ k'¥ofO{ Dofb tfd]n u/L Dofb leq cbfntdf d'2f k/L cbfntsf] km};nf adf]lhd / d'2f gk/] Dofb e'Qmfg eO{ ;s]kl5 lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ul/lbg' kb{5 .

u_ obfsbf Dofb /Ltk"j{ssf] 6fF; gePsf] jf ga'em]sf] eGg] cj:yf cfpg ;Sb5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf l/tk"j{ssf] xf] xf]Og< hfFra'em u/L x]bf{ /Ltk"j{ssf] gePsf] kfOPdf dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] k|d'vn] /Ltk"j{ssf] Dofb tfd]n ug{ jf hfgsf/L u/fpg jfwf kb}{g .

@=@^=@= gfkL ph'/L k/L sfo{ljlw k"/f eO{ jf geO{ lg0f{o x'g af“sL /x]sf] M– s_ gfkL uf]Zjf/fdf lgj]bg k/L ldl;n ;Dd v8f ePsf] cGo a'em\g'kg]{ s'/fx¿

a'emL;s]sf] /x]g5 eg] hUuf gfkhfFrsf] Joj:yfg';f/ g} o:tf lgj]bgx¿sf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L km5\of}{6 ug'{kb{5 . o:tf lgj]bgsf] km5\of}{6 ug'{kbf{ dfnkf]t sfof{non] b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 . !_ a'em\g' kg]{ ;a} k|df0f a'emL;s]sf] s]jn lg0f{o ;Dd x'g afFsL /x]sf] cj:yf

/x]5 eg] dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] k|d'vn] To:tf] ldl;ndf lg0f{o ul/lbg' kb{5 . @_ ldl;n;Dd v8f ePsf] t/ a'em\g' kg]{ ljj/0f a'em\g afFsL /x]sf] cj:yfdf

b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ ;fw ;Flwof/ ;lxtsf] :ynut ;h{dLg ug]{ / xsbfaL ;DaGwL ;"rgf

k|sfzLt ug'{kg]{ cj:yf b]lvP !% -kGw|_ lbgsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf :yfgLo uf=lj=;= nufot lhNnfl:yt hg;Dks{ x'g] k|d'v :yfgx¿ -dfnkf]t, cbfnt, lhNnf k|zf;g, e"ld;'wf/, lh=lj=;=_ df ;"rgf 6fF; ug]{ .

vf_ ljkIfLnfO{ Dofb hf/L gePsf] /x]5 eg] Dofb hf/L u/L pkl:yt u/fO{ lnlvt k|ltlqmof lng] .

u_ sfof{non] cfjZos b]v]sf] cGo ljj/0fx¿ a'emg' kg]{ b]lvPdf sfof{non] a'em\g ;Sg]5 .

#= /Lt -cª\u_ k'u] kl5 dfnkf]t sfof{non] sfg'g adf]lhd lg0f{o u/L sfo{ km5\of}{6 ul/lbg' kb{5 .

$= o:tf] lg0f{o ubf{ lrQ ga'em\g] ljkIfLnfO{ k'g/fj]bg ug{ hfg ;'gfO{ lg:;f ldl;n ;+nUg ug{' kb{5 .


%= o;/L ;'gfOPsf] lg0f{odf ljkIfLn] lrQ ga'emfO{ P]gsf] Dofb leq k'g/fj]bg u/]sf]df k'g/fj]bgsf] clGtd km};nf adf]lhd / k'g/fj]bg gu/]df Dofb u'h|]kl5 lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ul/lbg' kb{5 .

^= ph'/L 6'Ëf] nufpg] qmddf ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf JolQmsf] gfddf btf{ x'g glbg] tkm{ ;r]t /xg' kb{5 .

@=@^=#= ;j]{ ph'/L ldl;n lg0f{o ubf{ ;ldltdf /fVg' gkg]{ M– hUuf gfkhfFr P]g, @)!( / P]= sf] lgodjnLdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd ;j]{ ph'/Lsf] sf/jfxL lsgf/f ul/g] ePsfn] dfnkf]t lgodfjnL, @)#^ sf] $-v_ adf]lhd ul7t ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; cfjZos kb}{g . @=@^=$ Dofb yk u/L /xg' gkg]{ M– ;j]{ ph'/L e/;s l56f] km5\of}{6 ul/;Sg'kg]{ ljifo ePsf] / hUuf -gfkhfFr_ P]g tyf P}gsf] lgodfjnL adf]lhd sfo{ km5\of}{6 ug'{kg]{ x'Fbf 5'6 hUuf btf{ sf/jfxL h:tf] u/L s'g} Dofb sfod ul//xg' kb}{g . @=@^=%= lkmN8a'sdf btf{ hlgPsf] t/ ;|]:tf, k"hf{ gag]sf] hUuf ;DaGwdf M– hUuf gfkhfFr P]g, @)!( adf]lhd gfkgS;f eO{ ;fljs btf{ lt/f] le8fO{ ;DalGwt hUufjfnfsf] lkmN8a'sdf btf{ hlgO{ ;fljs tfn'sbf/n] lbPsf] /l;bsf] lk7df ls=g+= ;d]t sfod ul/;lsPsf] hUufsf] ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ x'g afFsL /x]5 eg] b]xfosf] ljj/0f a'emL ;|]:tf, k"hf{ agfO lbg' kb{5 M–

s_ JolQm ljz]ifsf] bfaL lj/f]w k/L ;|]:tf, k"hf{ agfpg /f]Ssf ePsf] xf] ls egL sfof{nosf] ldl;n clen]v le8fpg] . o:tf] ldl;n le8fpFbf lgj]bg bfaL, n'hl;6, k"hf{ ljt/0f e/kfO{ cflb clen]v le8fpg' kb{5 . cfjZos k/] hUuf ePsf] uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=sf] k|ltlqmof lng ;lsG5 .

v_ o;/L sfof{nodf ePsf] clen]v ;d]t le8fO{ x]bf{ ;|]:tf, k"hf{ agfpg /f]Sg'kg]{ s'g} sf/0f gb]lvPdf lgDg adf]lhd u/L ;|]:tf, k"hf{ agfO{ lbg' kb{5 . != ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQm;Fu /Ltk"j{ssf] lgj]bg lng] @= lkmN8a's ;+nUg /fVg] #= ;fljs /l;bdf gfkL 6f]nLn] ls=g+= ;lxtsf] hUufsf] ljj/0f v'nfO{ lk7df

k|dfl0ft u/L lbPsf] lg:;f ;Ssn . $= cGo k|df0f sfuhx¿ .

k/f]Qm sfuhx¿ ;+nUg eO{ ;s]kl5 gfkL 6f]nLaf6} btf{ k|dfl0ft u/L lbPsf] cfwf/df k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd dfnkf]t sfof{non] ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ ul/lbg' kb{5 . @=@^=^= nfUg] ;do M–

lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] & -;ft_ lbg leqdf lgj]bg pk/ sf/jfxL lsgf/f ug'{kb{5 .


kl/R5]b M #

k'gM gfkL kl5sf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug]{ sfo{ljlw -xfn ;fljs sfo{ljlw_

#=! cy{,p2]Zo / kl/roM–

hUuf gfkhfFr P]g, @)!( adf]lhd Ps k6s gfFkhfFr eO{ ;s]sf] If]q jf lhNnfdf k'gM gfkhfFr ul/g] sfo{nfO{ k'gM gfkhfFr eGg] ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] &% j6} lhNnfdf @)%% ;fndf Psf]xf]/f] gfkL sfo{ ;dfKt eO{ k'gM gfkLsf] sfo{ lgDg p2]Zoaf6 rfn" /fvLPsf] 5 M–

s_ lgoGq0f laGb' -l6«u kf]OG6_ ;L6sf] cfwf/df gfkL gePsf If]qdf lgoGq0f laGb'sf] cfwf/df gfkhfFr ;DkGg ug{ .

v_ ;fljs gfkhfFrdf ;fljs gS;f jg]kl5 lkmN8df ag]sf ef}lts ;+/rgf ;lxtsf cGo ljljw ;"rgfx¿ gS;fdf cWofjlws u/fO{ /fVg .

u_ ;fljs gfkhfFrdf b]lvPsf q'l6x¿ ;Rofpg . 3_ Psf]xf]/f] gfkLaf6 ul/Psf] cg'ej / ljsl;t k|ljlwsf] cfwf/df gfk gS;fnfO{

u'0f:t/Lo / j}1flgs agfpg . ª_ gfkgS;f ;DaGwL hgzlQmnfO{ kl/rfng ug{ . r_ Psf]xf]/f] gfkLdf gfkL kl5 b]lvPsf] 5'6hUuf btf{ ;d:ofnfO{ lkmN8df g} ;dfwfg ug{

cflb . #=@ k'gM gfkLsf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws M–

s_ k'gM gfkL hUuf btf{ xf]Og v_ k'gM gfkL ;fljs gS;f ;|]:tfsf] gofF / ;'wfl/Psf] ;+:s/0f dfq xf] . gofF gS;f /

;|]:tf btf{ xf]Og eGg] a'em\g' kb{5 . #=# k'gM gfkLaf6 tof/ ePsf ;|]:tf a'em\bf Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx¿M–

k'gM gfkgS;f adf]lhdsf] gS;f, ;|]:tf agfpg] sfo{ ;DkGg eO;s] kl5 b]xfo adf]lhdsf ;|]:tfx¿ dfnkf]t sfof{non] a'em\g' kb{5 M–

s_ df]7 7]nLx¿ . v_ lg0f{o ldl;nx¿ . u_ btf{ afFsL hUufsf] n'hl;6 . 3_ k"hf{ ljt/0f ug{ afFsL k"hf{x¿ . ª_ k"hf{ ljt/0f e/kfO{ . r_ t]l/h -;|]:tf, n'h;L6, ldl;n_ 5_ dflysf ;a} s'/fx¿sf] 5'§f5'§} t]l/hx¿ h_ cGo cfjZos sfuhftx¿ -lg0f{o x'g afFsL ldl;n, k/]sf cGo lgj]bgx¿ h:t}

lkmN8a'sdf lg=b=g++=pNn]v ePsf_ . em_ oL dflysf sfuhx¿ a/a'emf/y ubf{ lgDg s'/fx¿df Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

– gfkL uf]Zjf/fn] tof/ u/]sf] lsl;d t]l/h . – kl~hsf adf]lhd tof/ u/]sf] 7]nL . – jfOlG8Ë ul/Psf df]7 7]nLx¿ .


#=$ k'gM gfkLaf6 ;|]:tf k|fKt ePkl5 ug]{ sfo{ljlwM– k'gM gfkL adf]lhdsf] ;|]:tf nfu" ug]{ ;"rgf k|sflzt eO{;s]kl5 gofF gfkLsf] ;|]:tfsf]

cfwf/df hUufsf] clen]v /fvL ;|]:tf cWofjlws ub}{ hfg] bfloTj dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] ePsfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfO{ ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 M–

s_ gfkL uf]Zjf/fn] ;|]:tf a'emfPkl5 dfnkf]t sfof{nodf /x]sf] ;fljs ;|]:tf :jtM ab/ x'g hUuf -gfkhfFr_ P]g, @)!( df Joj:yf ePsf] x'Fbf ;|]:tf a'lem;s]kl5 k'gM gfkLsf] ;|]:tf nfu" x'g] ldlt pNn]v u/L dfnkf]t sfof{non] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L To;sf] hgfp e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefudf ;d]t lbg' kb{5 .

v_ k'gM gfkLaf6 k|fKt ;|]:tfx¿sf] cfwf/af6 dfq} hUuf vl/b laqmL Pjd\ xs x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL sf/jfxL ug'{kb{5 .

u_ gfkL uf]Zjf/faf6 ;fljs adf]lhdsf] hUufsf] btf{ sfo{ ;DkGg eO{;s]sf] /x]g5 eg] gofF gfkL adf]lhd k"hf{ k|fKt ePkl5 dfq sf/f]jf/ ug'{kb{5 .

3_ ;fljs df]7 7]nLx¿sf] cfwf/df sf/f]jf/ gx'g] ePtf klg k'gM gfkLaf6 tof/ ePsf] btf{ ;|]:tfsf] d"n ;|f]t x'g] ePsfn] To:tf 7]nLx¿ ;'/lIft /fvL cWofjlws ub]{ hfg' kb{5 .

ª_ df]7 7]nLx¿ ;'/lIft /fVgsf nflu ;'/lIft :yfgsf] Joj:yf ug]{, gofF 7]nLx¿ AoflG8ª ug]{, lh0f{ 7]nL dd{t ug]{, gofF ;|]:tf tof/ ug]{ sfo{sf] ;fy} gfkL uf]Zjf/fn] k|of]u ug]{ ;|]:tf k"hf{sf] gd'gf, cfsf/ -Size) / sfuhsf] u'0f:t/df Wofg k'¥ofpg'kg]{ ePsfn] gfk–gS;f k|f/De ubf{s} cj:yfdf gfkL uf]Zjf/f / dfnkf]t sfof{no jLr ;dGjo /fvL cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{5 .

#=% k'gM gfkLaf6 k|fKt ;|]:tfx¿ cWofjlws ug'{kg]{ sfo{ljlwM– k'gM gfkLdf btf{ ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ eO{ dfnkf]t sfof{non] k|fKt u/]sf] ;|]:tfx¿

cWofjlws -xfn;fljs_ ug'{kb{5 . sf/f]jf/sf] lglDt k]; x'g cfPdf b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ ;fljs s'g df]7af6 / lsQfaf6 le8L gofF lsQf sfod ePsf] xf] < ;f] ;fljs

;|]:tfsf] clen]v le8fO PsLg u/L ;fljs ;|]:tf vf/]h ePsf] s'/f df]7 le8fpFbfs} cj:yfdf df]7 -;|]:tfdf_ s}lkmot hgfO{ clws[taf6 k|dfl0ft u/fpg' kb{5 .

v_ o:tf] df]7 le8fpFbf ;fljs lsQf, If]qkmn, lsl;d cflb h];'s}df km/s k/]tf klg dfnkf]t sfof{non] s]xL u/L /xg' kb}{g .

u_ /f]Ssf le8fpFbf ;fljs ;|]:tfsf] cfwf/df /f]Ssf /x]sf] x'g;Sg] ePsf] x'Fbf ;fljs ;|]:tf ;d]t le8fO{ /f]Ssf le8fpg] ug'{kb{5 / ;fljs cg';f/ /f]Ssfdf gofF ls=g+= ;d]t hgfpg' kb{5 .

3_ ;fljs ;|]:tfdf df]xL ePsf] gofF gfkLdf df]xL 5'6]sf]df ;fljs cg';f/ gofF ;|]:tfdf df]xL sfod u/L lbg' kg]{5 . To:tf] 5'6]sf] Joxf]/f cfjZos Joj:yfsf nflu ;DalGwt ljefunfO{ hgsf/L lbg] .

ª_ ;fljsdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] hUuf k'gM gfkLdf JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] eGg] ph'/L k|fKt ePdf xfnsf] btf{ k|lqmof x]/L ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ cj:yf b]lvPdf btf{ ;Rofpg' kg]{ sf/0f / cfwf/ ;lxt dfnkf]t sfof{non] cfkm\gf] /fo ;lxt e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefudf k]; ug]{ / o; ljifodf k|fKt lgb]{zg adf]lhd ug]{ .


r_ olb hUuf -gfkhfF+r_ lgodfjnLsf] kl/lw leq /xL lg0f{o klg gePsf] ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs hUuf ;+/If0f ug'{kg]{ cj:yfsf] b]lvPdf dfnkf]t P]g @)#$ sf] bkm @$ adf]lhd btf{ ab/ ug]{ sf/jfxL u/L ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 .

5_ k'g gfkL eGbf klxn] ;fljsdf JolQmsf] gfddf btf{ ;|]:tf k"hf{ sfdo ePsf] hUuf xfn gofF gfkL x'Fbf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ hgLPsf] b]lvPdf sfof{non] k|df0fsf] cfwf/df a'emL ;RrfOlbg ;Sg]5 .

h_ ljtf{ pNd"ng P]g, @)!^ sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd ;DalGwt hUuf sdfpg] df]xLsf] gfddf ljtf{ /}s/df kl/0ft btf{ ug'{kg]{ k|s[ltsf] hUuf gfkL uf]Zjf/faf6 df]xLsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] hUuf /}=k= ubf{ nfUg] z'Ns / b:t'/ ;d]t c;'n u/]/ dfq ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 . ljtf{jfnfsf] xsdf klg sfg'g adf]lhd hl/jfgf / dfnkf]t c;'nL ug'{kb{5 .

em_ lkmN8a'sdf k|dfl0ft gePsf] ;|]:tf, k"hf{ k|dfl0ft ePsf] cj:yf /x]5 eg] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug{ x'G5 .

`_ c+zj08f ug'{kg]{ eO{ ;fljsdf s'g} Ps c+lzof/sf] gfpFdf /x]sf] hUuf c+lzof/x¿sf] gfpFdf 5'§f 5'§} btf{ ul/lbPsf] /x]5 eg] ;fljs ;|]:tf adf]lhd u/L ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{k5{ . gofF gfkLnfO{ dfGotf lbg ldNb}g .

#=^ k'gM gfkhf“r adf]lhd btf{ ;|]:tf eO{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug]{ sfo{ljlwM– k'gM gfk hfFr adf]lhd gofF ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ gfkL uf]Zjf/faf6}

;DkGg eO{ ;s]kl5 dfq ;|]:tf a'em\g' pko'Qm x'G5 tfklg gfkgS;f ;DkGg eO{;s]sf] t/ ljljw sf/0fn] ;|]:tf, k"hf{ tof/ x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf dfnkf]t sfof{non] ;|]:tf k"hf{ tof/ ul/lbg' kb{5 .

s_ gfkL uf]Zjf/fdf lgj]bg k/L km5\of}{6 x'g afFsL ldl;n a/a'emf/y eO{ cfPsf]df ;f]xL ldl;nsf] cfwf/df sf/jfxL lsgf/f u/L ldl;n km5\of}{6 ul/lbg' kb{5 .

v_ o:tf] ldl;nx¿df sf/jfxL ubf{ yk s]xL a'em\g afFsL b]lvP ;f] ;d]t a'emL sf/jfxL lsgf/f ug'{kb{5 .

u_ gfkL uf]Zjf/fdf lgj]bg gk/]sf] xsdf lgDg adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– != ;DalGwt JolQmsf] lgj]bg lng] . @= lgj]bg ;fy ;fljs hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ lt/f] lt/]sf] /l;b, gful/stf

k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk ;+nUg /fVg nufpg] . #= gfd;f/L u/L ;|]:tf cBfjlws ubf{ gftf k|df0f / xsbf/ ls6fg ul/Psf]

:yfgLo lgsfosf] l;kmfl/; ;+nUg /xg' kb{5 . -gfd;f/L sfo{ljlw cg'¿k ug]{_

3_ lgj]bg k/]kl5 lgj]bgdf tf]s cfb]z ug]{, d"n btf{df btf{ ug]{, kmfF6df btf{ ug]{, lgj]bgsf] lk7df /Ltk"j{ssf] ;gfvt u/fpg], df]7 /f]Ssf le8fpg] cflb sfo{ ;DkGg eP kl5 ;fljs s'g lsQf le8\g] xf] oyfl;3| gfkL zfvfnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ xfn;fljs ljj/0f cf]e/Nofk (Overlap) gS;f / lkmN8a's k7fpg n]vL k7fpg' kb{5 .


ª_ gfkL zfvfaf6 ljj/0f k|fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt hUufwgL s} gfddf gfkgS;f ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;f] sf] lkmN8a's / gS;f ;d]t x]/L ;f]xL adf]lhdsf] gofF gfkL cg';f/sf] hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf cWofjlws u/L ;DalGwt hUufwgLnfO{ k"hf{ agfOlbg' kb{5 .

r_ gfkL zfvfaf6 ljj/0f ln+bf ;DalGwt hUufwgLsf] gfddf lsQfsf6 ePsf] /x]g5 / Block af6 lsQfsf6 ug'{kg]{ /x]5 eg] lkmN8df g} uO{ rf/} lt/sf] ;fFw ;Flwof/sf] /f]xj/df lsQfsf6 u/L k7fpg gfkL zfvfnfO{ cfb]z lbg' kb{5 .

5_ gfkL zfvfaf6 lsQfsf6 eO{ cfPkl5 sfodL lsQfsf] btf{ ;|]:tf cWofjlws u/L JolQmnfO{ -h=w=nfO{_ k"hf{ pknAw u/fpg'sf] ;fy} gfkL zfvfnfO{ gS;fdf d;L eg]{ / Kn6 /lh:6/df hgfpg] k|of]hgsf nflu cfb]z k7fpg' kb{5 .

h_ o:tf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{ kbf{ ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf;Fu ;fFw ;Ldfgf hf]l8Psf] sf/0faf6 ef]udf s]xL km/s kg{ uPsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf]df ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] cltqmd0f eP, gePsf] jf ;fljs hUufjfnfsf] ;fljs gS;faf6 hUuf eGg] b]lvg] t/ xfn ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf cfO/x]sf] /x]5 eg] klg ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs hUufdf c;/ gkg]{ cj:yfsf]df gfkgS;f eP adf]lhd ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 . o:tf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ubf{ :yfgLo hgk|ltlglw jf :yfgLo lgsfosf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df ;h{dLg ug]{, lkmN8 lg/LIf0f ug]{ cflb k|lqmof ckgfpg' kb{5 .

em_ ;fljs ;j]{df gfkgS;f eO{ JolQm ljz]ifsf] btf{ lt/f] leqsf] hUuf k'gM gfkL x'Fbf e"na; jf gbL s6fgsf] sf/0fn] jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] gfkL uf]Zjf/faf6 g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfddf sfod u/L lbPsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] x'g uPsf] sf/0f kQfnufO{ ;fljs adf]lhd ug{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– != ;fljsdf ef]u rngdf /x]sf] xfn klg ef]u rngdf /x]sf] hUuf /x]5 eg]

;fljssf] cfwf/df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;|]:tf;RofO{ ;fljs adf]lhd ;|]:tf cWofjlws ul/lbg] .

@=k'gM gfkLdf gbL s6fgdf k/]sf] sf/0faf6 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf sfod ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;fljs hUufwgLn] dfnkf]t nut s§f u/]sf] /x]g5 eg] / xfn gbL psf; eO{ ;f]xL adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg gfkL zfvfaf6 lnO{ ;fljs adf]lhd ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug{ x'G5 . t/ o:tf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{ cl3 ;fljs vf]nfsf] hUuf ;'/lIft 5, 5}g PsLg ug'{kb{5 . ;fljs vf]nfsf] hUuf gfkL uf]Zjf/fn] JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ u/L lbPsf] /x]5 eg] ;f] sf] btf{ ab/ u/]kl5 dfq ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 .

`_ ;fljs gS;f ;|]:tfdf cnu cnu hUufwgLsf] hUuf k'gM gfkL x'Fbf Ps} JolQmsf] gfddf sfod ul/lbPsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ;|]:tfaf6 sf/f]jf/ x'g ;Sb}g . ;fljs adf]lhd g} 5'§f–5'§} hUufwgL sfod u/L ;|]:tf cBfjlws ug'{kb{5 .

#=& gfk gS;fdf ;+zf]wg ug{ g;lsg]M– z'? gfkL -;fljs gS;f_ adf]lhd hUuf 5'6\ofO{ ef]u rng u/L /x]sf] hUuf k'gM gfkL

x'Fbf gfkgS;f sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ btf{ ug]{ qmddf If]qkmn 36La9L k/]sf] eGg] cfwf/df


gfkgS;fdf uNtL ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s ef]u km/s kg]{ u/L gS;f ;+zf]wgsf] cfb]z lbg' x'Fb}g . #=* gS;fdf ;+zf]wgsf] cfb]z lbg ;lsg] M–

ef]u adf]lhd gS;f gePsf], Psfsf] kvf{n csf{sf]df uflePsf] / Psfsf] hUuf csf{sf] gfddf gfkgS;f ePsf] cj:yfdf dfq} dfnkf]t sfof{non] gS;f, ;|]:tf cWofjlws -gS;f ;+zf]wg_ sf] cfb]z lbg' kb{5 . #=( lsQfsf6sf] cfb]z lbg ;lsg] M– Block gfkL eO{ ;DaGwLt hUufwgLsf] gfddf ls=sf= ePsf] /x]g5 eg] To:tf] cj:yfdf ls=sf= cfb]z dfnkf]t sfof{non] lbg' kb{5 . ;fljs adf]lhd ;fljss} tkm{af6 ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs / JolQm ljz]ifsf] hUuf 3':g, 36\g gkfpg] u/L lsQf sf6 u/L k7fpg gfkL zfvfnfO{ k7fpg] / gfkLzfvfn] ls=sf=u/L k7fPsf]df dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 ;|]:tf cWofjflws ul/lbg' kb{5 . ;f] adf]lhd ls=sf=df km/s k/] ;DalGwt sd{rf/L hjfkmb]xL x'g]5 . #=!) sfo{ ;Dkg ug'{kg]{ M– k'g M gfkL kl§sf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug]{ sfo{ 5'6 hUuf btf{ xf]Og . ;fljs ;|]:tfsf] gof ;+:s/0f dfq} xf] . :yfgLo hUufbtf{ clwsf/Lsf] x}l;otn] lhNnf e/Lsf] ;Dk"0f{ hUufbtf{ sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ bfloTj dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] ePsfn] ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf, ;/sf/L lgsfon] ef]u hUuf u/]sf] ;/sf/L lgsfosf] gfddf / JolQm ljz]ifn] ef]u u/]sf] hUuf ;fljs hUufwgLsf] gfddf btf{ sfo{ oyf;So l56f] ;DkGg ug'{kb{5 . #=!! k'/fgf] df]7 ;'/lIft /fVg] M– k'/fgf] df]7x¿ g} xfn k'gM gfkL cg';f/ sfod x'g] hUufwgLx¿sf] ;|f]t ePsfn] k'/fgf] df]7x¿af6 sf/f]jf/ gu/L ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{5 . #=!@ k'/fgf] ;|]:tfsf] cfwf/df sf/f]jf/ gx'g] M– k'gM gfkL adf]lhdsf] ;|]:tf nfu" eO{;s]kl5 k'/fgf] ;|]:tfsf] cfwf/df sf/f]jf/ ug'{ x'Fb}g . t/ ;fljs ;|]:tfsf] cfwf/df a]lhNnf lnvt kfl/t eO{ k'gM gfkL adf]lhdsf] ;|]:tf nfu" eO{ ;s]kl5 bf=vf=sf nflu k]; x'g cfPdf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;fljs le8fO{ ;|]:tf cWofjlws u/L bf=vf= ul/lbg' kb{5 . #=!# k'gM gfkhfFr x'Fbf g=kf=jf uf=lj=;=sf] s'g} j8f cGt{ut s'g} jf s]xL lsQf hUufx¿

ljleGg sf/0fn] 5'6 x'g uPsf] /x]5 eg] To;/L 5'6]sf] xb ;Ddsf] ;fljs lsQf If]qkmn cg';f/ gfk–gS;f ug{ df=kf]=sf=n] gfkL zfvfnfO{ n]vL cfb]z k7fpg' kb{5 / To;/L n]vL cfPdf gfkL zfvfn] t'?Gt gfkhfFr ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{ gfkhfFr u/L gS;f tyf lkmN8a's tof/ u/L df=kf]=sf=df ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{5 .

#=!$ pQm gfkhfFrsf] sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ gfkL zfvfaf6 ljj/0f k|fKt geP ;Dd gfkhfFr 5'6 ePsf] lsQf hUufx¿ ;fljs ;|]:tfaf6 sf/f]jf/ ul/lbg' x'Fb}g .

#=!% hUuf -gfkhfFr_ P]g, @)!( sf] bkmf ^ -3_ df ePsf] btf{ ;|]:tf ldnfpg ;Sg] / gfkhfFr lgofdfjnL, @)%* sf] lgod !@ df ePsf] Joj:yf ;DaGwdf gfkL uf]Zj/fn] dfnkf]t sfof{nonfO{ ;|]:tf k"hf{ tyf sfuhft a'emfO;s]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] ;DaGwLsfo{ dfnkf]t sfof{non] dfnkf]t lgodfjnL, @)#^ sf] lgod $-v_sf] ;ldltdf k]; u/L ;f] adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 .


#=!^ gfkL uf]Zjf/fn] lg0f{o u/L ;f] lg0f{opk/ cbfntdf d'2f k/L lg0f{o gePsf]df uf]Zjf/fn] dfnkf]t sfof{nonfO{ ;|]:tf a'emfO{ ;s]sf] / cbfntaf6 uf]Zjf/fnfO{ lg0f{o sfofGjogsf nflu cfb]z ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f] sfo{ dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6} sfof{Gjog ul/lbg' kb{5 .

#=!& /f]Ssf /x]sf] lsQf hUuf /f]Ssf /fVg] lgsfosf] ;xdltdf u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L /f]Ssf /fVg] lgsfonfO{ lbg' kb{5 / /f]Ssf clen]v klg ;f]xL adf]lhd /fVg' kb{5 .

#=!* gof“ gfkLdf w]/} JolQmsf] gfp“df gfkgS;f ePdfM– ;fljssf] hUufwgL eGbf gofFgfkLdf w]/} JolQmsf] gfpFdf gfk–gS;f ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;fljs k|df0fx¿sf] cfwf/df xf=;f= u/L lbg' kb{5 . ;fljsdf xs clwsf/ gePsf] JolQmsf] gfpFsf] gofFgfkLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;DalGwt JolQm a'em\bf jf #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ubf{ bfaL lj/f]w gk/]df :ynut ;h{dLg u/L ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 . #=!( ;fljssf] Joxf]/f hgfpg]M– ;fljssf] ;|]:tfdf /x]sf] df]xL, u'7L, xslx:;f nufPt xs sfod b]lvg] cGo Joxf]/f gofF gfkLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] gb]lvP ;|]:tf cWofjlws ubf{ ;f] Joxf]/f hgfO{ lbg' kb{5 . #=@) ;Ldfgf / sfo{ If]q kl/jt{g ePdf M– ;fljs ;|]:tfdf ePsf] uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= / dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] sfo{ If]q gofF gfkLdf kl/j{tg ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] hUufsf] ;|]:tf cBfjlws ubf{ xfn sfo{ If]q leqsf] sfof{nodf cfj]bg u/]kl5 ;fljs ;|]:tfsf] ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 clen]v dufO{ ;|]:tf cBfjlws u/L lbg' kb{5 . #=@! nfUg] ;do M– #=@!=! k'g M gfkL adf]lhdsf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;do leq ;DkGg

ug'{kb{5M– -s_ gfkL uf]Zjf/fn] k"hf{ ljt/0f ul/;s]sf] df]7 /f]Ssf le8fpFbf cGo s'g} Joxf]/f

a'em\g' gkg]{ ePdf k]; ePsf] ! 3G6f leq . -v_ cGo Joxf]/f a'em\g' kg]{ ePdf # -tLg_ lbg leq .

#=@!=@ dfnkf]t sfof{non] ;|]:tf cWofjlws -xfn ;fljs _ ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;dodf ;DkGg ug'{kb{5 M–

s_ JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf gfkgS;f ePsf] jf lsQf vfln /x]sf] cj:yfsf] cGo s'g} ljj/0f a'em\g' gkg]{df gfkL zfvfaf6 ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] lbgdf .

v_ cGo ljj/0f a'em\g' kg]{df a9Ldf #-tLg_ dlxgf leq . #=@@ sd{rf/Lsf] lhDd]jf/L M– o; kl/R5]bdf pNn]v ePsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] qmddf df]7 ;|]:tf, /f]Ssf / cGo clen]v le8fpg], k|fljlws ljj/0f tyf k|ltj]bg pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ bfloTj / st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿af6 eP u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL q'l6 ePdf ;DalGwt sd{rf/L hjfkmb]xL / lhDd]jf/ x'g]5g\ . #=@# hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* adf]lhd x'g]M–

o; ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx¿ hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* adf]lhd x'g]5 .


kl/R5]b Ð $ /fhZj c;'nL ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw

$=!= dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 c;'n x'g] /fhZj dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 hUuf k|zf;gsf] sf/f]jf/ ubf{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] /fhZj c;'n pk/

x'g] ub{5 M– s_ 3/hUuf /lh:6«];g b:t'/ . v_ ;]jf b:t'/ u_ lnvt kmf/fd Pjd\ k"hf{ laqmL . 3_ hUufsf] df]n ª_ z'Ns Pjd\ b:t'/ r_ b08, hl/jfgf, 5_ /f]Ssf b:t'/ h_ ljljw

$=@ /fhZj c;'n pk/ ug]{ kmf“6x¿M– dfnkf]t sfof{non] c;'n ug'{kg]{ /fhZj ljleGg k|s[ltsf] ePsfn] b]xfosf] kmfF6x¿af6

b]xfosf] lzif{ssf] c;'nL ug'{kb{5 M– $=@=!= lnvt /lh:6«];g ubf{ k|To]s cf=j=sf] cfly{s P]gdf tf]lsPsf] b/jGbLsf] cfwf/df

/lh:6«];g / ;]jf b:t'/ c;'n pk/ ug]{ sfd /lh:6«];g kmfF6df sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Laf6 ug'{kb{5 .

$=@=@= dfly æsÆ df pNn]v ePsf /lh:6«];g / ;]jf b:t'/ Pjd\ z'Ns afx]s lgDg b:t'/ / z'Ns sfof{non] tf]lsPsf] sd{rf/L jf n]vf kmfF6af6 c;'npk/ ug'{kg]{5 M– s_ /f]Ssf b:t'/ . v_ hUufsf] df]n . u_ hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ Pjd\ /lh:6«];g kmf/fd laqmL . 3_ bf=vf= b:t'/ . ª_ /}s/df kl/0ft z'Ns / b:t'/ . r_ k|zf;lgs b08 / hl/jfgf . 5_ w/f}6L / cGo km'6s/ /sd .

$=#= n]vf kmf“6df /sd a'emfpg' kg]{M– $=#=! 3/hUuf /lh:6«];g jfkt c;'n pk/ ul/g] b:'t/ Pjd\ z'Nsx¿sf] cnu–cnu ljj/0f

v'nfO{ lbgx'F /sd rnfgL e/kfO{ ;lxt n]vf kmfF6df a'emfO{ lg:;f lnO{ clen]v /fVg' kb{5 .

$=#=@= cGo kmfF6x¿af6 c;'npk/ ul/Psf b:t'/x¿sf] ljj/0f v'nfO{ cz'nL u/]s} lbg rnfgL e/kfO{ ;lxt n]vf kmfF6df a'emfO{ lg:;f lnO{ clen]v /fVg' kb{5 .

$=$ /fhZj c;'nL l6kf]6 /fVg' kg]{M– n]vf kmfF6n] cfkm\gf] kmfF6n] c;'npk/ u/]sf] ;]jf b:t'/ Pjd\ cGo /fhZj / cGo

kmfF6af6 k|fKt ePsf] /sdsf] b}lgs l6kf]6 d=n]=k= kmf/fdcg';f/ cWofjlws ul//fVg' kb{5 .


$=% b}lgs /fhZj a}ª\sdf hDdf ug]{M– dfnkf]t sfof{non] c;'npk/ u/]sf] /fhZj /sd dWo] ;]jf z'Ns ;d]tsf] cGo /sd

;DalGwt /fhZj vftfdf / /lh:6«];g b:t'/ :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g lgodfjnLsf] k|fjwfg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] j}s vftfdf b}lgs ¿kdf hDdf ug'{kb{5 . $=^= /lh:6«];g b:t'/ af“8kmf“8 ug]{M

!_ sfof{nodf c;'n pk/ ePsf] 3/hUuf /lh:6«];g b:t'/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf] /fhZj afF8kmfF8 kl/kqfg';f/ k|To]s #.# dlxgfdf lx;fa u/L :yfgLo lgsfodf hfg] / /fhZj vftfdf hDdf ug{ 5'6\ofpg' kb{5 . o;/L :yfgLo lgsfodf k7fPsf] /sdsf] ;d]t ljj/0f cWofjlws /fvL e'ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefudf k7fpg' kb{5 .

@_ Pp6} lhNnfdf @ jf ;f] eGbf a9L dfnkf]t sfof{no /x]5 eg] :yfgLo lgsfodf /sd afF8kmfF8 u/L k7fpFbf ;a} sfof{nosf] Psd'i7 /sd hf]8L x'g cfpg] b/df /sd k7fpg' kb{5 .

#_ 3/hUuf /flhi6«]zg b:t'/af6 c;'n pk/ ePsf] /fhZj :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ jf8FkmfF8 ug]{ ;DaGwdf :yfgLo :jfoQ ;fzg lgodfjnL, @)%^ df tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

$=& ;|]:tf k|dfl0ft ug'{kg]{ M– b}lgs /fhZj c;'nL l6kf]6 d=n]=k= kmf=g+= !)*, / d=n]=k=kmf=g+= !)* adf]lhdsf]

clen]v /flvPsf] /sdsf] ef}r/ ;DalGwt n]vfkmfF6sf] sd{rf/Ln] tof/ u/L sfof{no k|d'vaf6 b}lgs k|dfl0ft u/fO{ a}ª\s clen]v ug'{kb{5 .

$=* /fp6] hftLnfO{ hUufsf] ls:tf e'QmfgLdf xhf{gf gnfUg] M– /fp6] hftLnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[t gLlt tyf sfo{qmdfg';f/ ljleGg cfof]u,

;ldltx¿n] ljt/0f u/]sf] hUufdf nfUg] hUufsf] lgwf{l/t d"No c;'npk/ ubf{ ;f]df nfUg] xh{gf -ljnDj b:t'/_ 5'6 lbg] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ldlt @)^!.(.@( df lg0f{o ePsfn] ;f]xL cg';f/ ug'{kb{5 .

$=( /lh:6«];g b:t'/ 5'6 kfpg] lgsfox¿ M– /lhi6]zg b:t'/ b]xfosf lgsfox¿ afx]s cGo lgsfox¿ ;/sf/L, u}=;=;= h];'s}

ePklg c;'npk/ ug'{kb{5 M– != k|rlnt sfg'gn] /lh:6«];g b:t'/ 5'6 x'g] egL tf]lsPsf] ;ª\3, ;+:yf jf lzIf0f

;+:yfx¿ . @= g]kfn k|x/L lg0f{o ldlt #= gu/ ljsf; ;ldltn] Land Policy Scheme adf]lhd ljsl;t 38]/L tof/

u/L ;DalGwt hUufwgLnfO{ hUuf lkmtf{ ubf{ nfUg] b:t'/ . $= b'tfjf;x¿ - g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd_ %= cGt/fli6«o ljQ ;+:yfx¿

$=!) /lh:6«];g b:t'/ c;'n pk/ ug'{kg]{M– s_ dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 kfl/t x'g] h'g;'s} lnvt kfl/t ubf{ k|rlnt sfg'gn] /lhi6«]]zg

b:t'/ 5'6 kfpg] egL 5'6 lbPsf] / g]kfn ;/sf/ -d=k_ af6 gLltut lg0f{o ePsf] s]zdf afx]s ;a} k|sf/sf] lnvtdf ;DalGwt wgL jf kfpg]af6 k|rlnt cfly{s P]gdf tf]lsPsf] /sd /lh:6«];g b:t'/ jfkt c;'npk/ ug'{kb{5 .


v_ /lhi6]«zg b:t'/ 5'6 lbg gldNg] M– !_ lzIff P]g, @)@* adf]lhd lzIf0f ;+:yfn] vl/b ug]{ hUufdf /lh:6«];g b:t'/ 5'6 x'g]

sfg'gL Joj:yf ePtf klg lghL If]qdf v'n]sf :s"n tyf sn]hx¿nfO{ /lh:6«];g b:t'/ 5'6 lbg ldNb}{g .

@_ u|fdL0f cfjf; sDkgLn] hUuf vl/b u/L JolQm ljz]ifnfO{ laqmL u/]sf] lnvtdf /lh:6«];g b:t'/ 5'6 lbg ldNb}g .

#_ gu/ ljsf; ;ldltn] hUuf PsLs/0f u/L tof/ u/]sf] ljslzt 38]/L ;fljs hUufwgLnfO{ lkmtf{ u/]sf] cj:yf afx]s cGo JolQmnfO{ laqmL u/]sf] lnvtdf /lh:6«];g b:t'/ c;'npk/ ug'{kb{5 .

$_ ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* adf]lhd ;/sf/L ;+:yfn] vl/b–laqmL ug]{ hUufdf /lh:6«];g b:t'/ 5'6 x'g] Joj:yfadf]lhd ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] laqmL ug]{ hUufdf ljqm]tfnfO{ b:t'/ nfUg] egL k|rlnt cfly{s P]gdf tf]lsPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] P]gsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ nfUg] b:t'/ ;Dd 5'6 lbg' kb{5 . ;+:yfn] hUuf laqmL u/]sf]df b:t'/ 5'6 lbg x'b}{g wgLaf6 c;'npk/ ug'{kb{5 .

%_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] h'g;'s} lgsfon] hUuf vl/b ug'{ kbf{ /lh:6«];gg b:t'/ 5'6 lbg] egL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o ePsf]df afx]s /lh:6«];g b:t'/ 5'6 lbg' xF'b}g c;'npk/ ug'{kb{5 .

^_ g]kfn ;/sf/ sf] k"j{:jLs[t lnO{ g]kfn l:yt ljb]zL s'6gLlts lgof]ux¿n] vl/b ug]{ 3/hUufdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 5'6 lbPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s /lh:6«];g b:t'/ c;'n pk/ ug'{kb{5 .

$=!! hUufsf] df]nsf] hl/jfgf c;'n ug]{M– Psd'i7 jf k6s k6s u/L tf]lsPsf] cjlw leq hUufsf] df]n ls:tfaGbLdf a'emfpg]

u/L tf]lsPsf] Dofb ;dfKt ePkl5 afFsL /x]sf] /sddf k|To]s ;fnsf] !)% sf b/n] hl/jfgf ;d]t Psd'i7 lx;fa u/L c;'npk/ ug'{kb{5 .

$=!@ n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg] bfloTjM– != dfnkf]t sfof{nox¿af6 c;'n ul/g] /fhZj /sdsf] n]vf b'?:t /fVg] cfGtl/s n]vf

k/LIf0f u/fpg], clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg] h:tf sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L n]vf kmfF6df sfd ug]{ sd{rf/L, cGo /fhZj c;'nL ug]{ ;DalGwt sd{rf/L / sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g] ePsfn] cfDbfgL, vr{, lhG;L, /fhZj, w/f}6L h:tf clen]v b'?:t /fVg' kb{5 .

@= n]vf k/LIf0faf6 cf}FNofOPsf a]?h' sndx¿sf] km/kmf/s ug]{ bfloTj n]vf kmfF6df sfd ug]{ sd{rf/L / sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .

$=!# /fhZj d:of}6df sf/jfxLM– /fhZj d:of}6 u/]sf] kfOPdf t'?Gt} d:of}6 ug]{ sd{rf/Lpk/ sf/jfxL u/L /fhZj

c;'n pk/ ug'{sf] ;fy} cj:yfg';f/ hl/jfgf u/L clen]v /fVg] lhDd]jf/L sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . $=!$ cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g, cfly{s P]g / cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL lgodfjnL adf]lhd

x'g]M– n]vf ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd sf/jfxL plNnlvt P]g / lgod adf]lhd x'g]5 . $=!% sd{rf/Lsf] lhDd]jf/L c;'npk/ ug'{kg]{ /fhZj b:t'/, z'Ns d"No cflb c;'n ug]{, /l;b sf6\g] kf]li6ª, ug]{ clen]v /fVg], a}ª\s bflvnf ug]{ cflb sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt n]vf k|d'v / sfof{no k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .


kl/R5]b Ð %

ljljw

% ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug]{ sfo{ljlwM– %=! 3/ sfod ug]{ sfo{ljlwM–

3/ sfod ug]{ sfo{ljlw b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 . %=@ lgj]bg lbg'kg]{M–

hUufwgLn] sf/f]jf/ ubf{ gfkgS;f kl5 3/ lgdf{0f u/]sf]df hUufwgL ;|]:tf / k"hf{sf ;DalGwt hUufwgLn] dfnfkf]t sfof{nodf /Ltk"j{ssf] lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .

%=# lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg x'g] k|df0f sfuhx¿M– lgj]bg ;fy lgDg sfuhft ;+nUg ug'{kb{5 M– s_ hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{sf] gSsn

v_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk . u_ jf/];af6 sf/jfxL ug]{ eP l/tk"j{ssf] jf/]; gfdf / jf/]; jfnfsf] gful/stfsf]

k|ltlnlk 3_ rfn" cf=j= df lt/f] a'emfPsf] /l;b . ª_ gu/kflnsf leq eP 3/ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] gu/kflnsfn] lbPsf] k|df0fsf]

k|ltlnlk / klxn] g} 3/ lgdf{0f eO{ ;s]sf] ;DkGg k|df0fkq lbg gldNg] eP ;f]sf] l;kmfl/; / lgdf{0f gS;fsf] k|df0fkq .

r_ gu/f]Gd'v uf=lj=;sf] xsdf 3/ gS;f . 5_ lnvtaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] /x]5 eg] lnvtsf] k|ltlnlk h_ uf=lj=;=sf] eP 3/ lgdf{0f eO{;s]sf] l;kmfl/; kq . em_ s/ lt/]sf] k|df0f .

%=$ lgj]bgdf tf]s nfufpg] M– lgj]bgsf] Joxf]/f / ;+nUg sfuh–k|df0f x]/L hfFrL /Ltk"j{s b]lvP cfjZos sf/jfxL

ug{ clws[t jf sfof{no k|d'v jf Front desk df a:g] sd{rf/Laf6 tf]s nufpg' kb{5 . s_ d"n btf{df btf{ u/L ;DalGwt kmfF6df a'emfpg] sfo{ btf{ zfvfdf sfd ug]{

sd{rf/Ln] ug'{kb{5 . kmfF6jfnfn] klg ldl;n a'emL ;DalGwt kmfF6sf] btf{ /lh:6/df btf{ ug'{kb{5 .

%=% kmf“6jfnfn] k"/f ug{' kg]{ sfo{ljlwM– s_ lgj]bssf] lgj]bgdf /Ltk'j{ssf] ;gfvt u/fpg] . v_ df]7, /f]Ssf le8fpg] . u_ cfjZostfg';f/ ;h{dLg ug]{ . 3_ lnvt kfl/t u/L lnPsf] hUufdf 3/ eP gePsf] lnvt le8fpg] .

ª_ jf/]; gfdfdf /Ltk"j{ssf] ;gfvt u/fpg] . r_ tfd]nL le8fpg] / s/ km's'jf k|df0f k]; ug]{ .

%=^= lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/Ln] Wofg lbg] s'/fx¿ M– lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/Ln] b]xfosf] s'/fdf ljrf/ u/L lg0f{o u/L lbg' kb{5 .


s_ plNnlvt 3/ lgj]bs :jod\n] agfPsf] xf] < xf]Og PsLg ug]{ . v_ ;+nUg k|df0f / k|lqmof k"/f eP gePsf] PsLg ug]{ .

u_ lnvt kfl/t u/L lnPsf avt 3/ lyof], lyPg ;f] ;d]t a'emL lnvt kfl/t eGbf cufl8 3/ /x]sf] /x]5 eg] sfg'g adf]lhd yk sf/jfxL ug]{ .

3_ lnvtdf 3/ gePsf] cj:yfdf ;fljs bftf a'emL sfg'g adf]lhd /fhZj c;'n u/]/ dfq 3/ sfod ug]{ .

ª_ yk s]xL a'em\g' kg]{ b]lvP sf/0f vf]nL cfb]z ug]{, a'em\g' gkg]{ b]lvP lg0f{o ul/lbg] . %=&= lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfo{ljlwM– s_ lg0f{o eO{;s]kl5 lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf nflu ldl;n df]7 kmfF6df a'emfOlbg' kb{5 .

v_ df]7 kmfF6n] lg0f{o adf]lhd ;|]:tf k"hf{df 3/ hgfO{ -s}lkmot Joxf]/f hgfO{_ k|dfl0ft ug]{ clwsf/L ;dIf k]; ug'{kb{5 .

u_ clws[t sd{rf/Ln] cfkm";dIf k]; ePsf] s}lkmot Joxf]/f ;d]t cWoog u/L 7Ls eP k|dfl0ft ul/lbg] / 7Ls geP ;Rofpg nufO{ k|dfl0ft ul/lbg' kg]{5 .

%=*= nfUg] ;doM– csf]{ kIf a'emg' kg]{ / yk k|df0f a'em\g' kg]{ afx]sdf lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] a9Ldf &-;ft_

lbg leqdf lgj]bg dfly lg0f{o eO{ ;Sg' kb{5 . %=(= 3/ kftfn hgfpg] sfo{ljlwM– ;fljs gS;f, ;|]:tf, k"hf{df 3/ b]lvPsf], t/ xfn 3/ hL0f{ eO{ kftfn ePsf] cj:yfdf

;|]:tf cWofjlws ubf{ b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ sf/jfxL lsgf/f ug'{kb{5 . %=(=!= ;DalGwt hUufwgLn] l/tk"j{ssf] lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 M– %=(=@= lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg /fVg' kg]{ sfuhM– s_ hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{sf] gSsn . v_ rfn" cf=j=sf] dfnkf]t /l;b u_ gfkL gS;f .

3_ uf=lj=;=sf] eP uf=lj=;=af6 / gu/kflnsf leq eP gu/kfnLsfsf] 3/ kftfn ePsf] l;kmfl/; .

ª_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk . %=(=#= lgj]bgdf tf]s cfb]z nufpg] . lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ sfuhx¿ k'u] gk'u]sf] x]/L hfFrL sfof{no k|d'v, clws[t jf

tf]lsPsf] sd{rf/Laf6 tf]s cfb]z nufpg' kb{5 . %=(=$= kmfF6jfnfn] k'/f ug'{kg]{ k|lqmofM–

kmfF6jfnfn] lgj]bgdf tf]s nfuL k|fKt ePkl5 btf{ /lh:6/df btf{ u/L b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ /Ltk"j{s ;gfvt u/fpg] . v_ df]7, /f]Ssf le8fpg] . u_ gu/ If]qsf] xsdf lkmN8 k|ltj]bgsf nflu gfkL zfvfnfO{ n]vL k7fpg] . 3_ cfjZostfg';f/ :ynut ;h{dLg ;d]t ug]{ . ª_ k|lqmof k'u]kl5 lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/L ;dIf k]; ug]{ .


%=(=% lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/Ln] Wofg lbg' kg]{ s'/fx¿M– lg0f{o lbg] clwsf/Ln] k]; ePsf] ldl;n l/t -cª\u_ k'u] gk'u]sf] osLg u/L /Lt k'u]sf] eP lg0f{o ug]{ / gk'u]sf] eP k'¥ofpg cfb]z lbg' kb{5 .

%=(=^ lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|lqmofM– s_ lg0f{o ePkl5 ;DalGwt kmfF6jfnfn] lg0f{o sfof{Gjogsf nflu kl~hsf ;lxtsf] lg0f{o

ldl;n ;DalGwt df]7 kmfF6df a'emfpg k7fpg' kb{5 / df]7jfnfn] a'emL lng' kb{5 . lg0f{o eO{ cfPadf]lhd hUufwgL ;|]:tf k"hf{df hgfO{ ;f] sf] s}lkmot Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft ug{ clVtof/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]; ug{' kb{5 .

v_ k|dfl0ft ug]{ clwsf/Ln] k]; ePadf]lhd 7Ls eP Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft ul/lbg' kb{5 . u_ lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ubf{ bf=vf= l6kf]6df clgjfo{ ¿kn] e/L kmfF6jfnf / k|dfl0ft ug]{n]

b:tvt ug'{kb{5 . 3_ sfd ;DkGg ePkl5 k"hf{ ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ a'emfOlbg' kb{5 . ª_ ldl;n sfof{Gjog ul/;s]kl5 tfd]nL zfvfdf a'emfO{ ;f] sf] lg:;f /fVg' kb{5 .

%=(=& nfUg] ;doM– ;a} k|df0f k'u]sf] cj:yfdf lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] & -;ft_ lbg leq sf/jfxL ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ / cGo k|df0f tyf kIf a'em\g' kg]{ ePdf ;f] k|df0f / k|lqmof k"/f eP kl5 ;DkGg ug'{kg]{5 . %=!) gS;f / ;|]:tfdf lsQf gDa/ km/s k/]sf]df ;'wf/ ug]{ sfo{ljlwM– %=!)=! gfkL zfvfsf] k|ltj]bg lng]M–

slxn]sfxLF ljleGg sf/0fn] gS;fdf bf]xf]/f] lsQf gDa/ k/]sf jf ;|]:tf / gS;fdf km/s km/s lsQf gDa/ ePsf] eGg] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L x'g cfPdf jf lgj]bg k/]df ;f] Joxf]/fsf] k|ltj]bg gfkL zfvfaf6 dfnkf]t sfof{non] lng' kb{5 .

%=!)=@ df]7 / /f]Ssf le8fpg]M– gfkL zfvfsf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt df]7 kmfF6n] df]7 / /f]Ssf Joxf]/f le8fO{ ;+zf]wgsf nflu k]; ug'{kb{5 .

%=!)=# lg0f{o ubf{ k'¥ofpg['kg]{ sfo{ljlwM– s_ df]7, /f]Ssf le8]kl5 ;a} Joxf]/f v'nfO{ lg0f{osf nflu ldl;n k|:t't ug]{ . v_ sfof{no k|d'v jf clwsf/k|fKt sd{rf/Ln] ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ Joxf]/f pNn]v u/L lg0f{o

ul/lbg] . u_ lg0f{o ePkl5 ;|]:tf, k"hf{df ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ eP dfnkf]t sfof{non] / gS;f jf Kn6

/lh:6/df ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ eP gfkL zfvfnfO{ lg0f{oadf]lhd ug{ n]vL k7fpg] . %=!)=$ nfUg] ;doM–

csf]{ kIf a'em\g' kg]{ / yk k|df0f a'emg' kg]{df afx]s lgj]bg k/]sf] # -tLg_ lbgdf g} sf/jfxL ;DkGg ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .

%=!! nuts§f ;DaGwL sfo{ljlwM– s_ ;fj{hlgs af6f] sfod ug]{ sfo{ljlwM–

;fljs btf{, lt/f] leqsf] hUufaf6 ;fj{hlgs af6f] sfod u/fpg hUufwgLx¿n] rfx]df / hUufsf] nuts§f u/fpg lgj]bg k/]df dfnkf]t lgodfjnL @)#^ sf]


lgod %-u_ adf]lhd ul7t ;ldltn] b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ nuts§f sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{kb{5 M–

%=!!=! ;DalGwt hUufwgLx¿sf] /Ltk"j{ssf] lgj]bg lng] . %=!!=@ lgj]bg ;fy b]xfo adf]lhdsf sfuhkq ;+nUg /xg' kb{5 .

s_ hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{sf] gSsn . v_ gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk . u_ rfn" cf=j=sf] dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] /l;b .

%=!!=# lgj]bgdf ;gfvt u/fpg] . %=!!=$ /f]Ssf, df]7 le8fO{, s'g s'g ls=g+= sf] s'g tkm{af6 slt If]qkmn ;fj{hlgs af6f]

sfod ug'{kg]{ xf] < dfu cg';f/ gfkL zfvfnfO{ lkmN8 k|ltj]bg k]; ug{ n]vL k7fpg] .

%=!!=% gfkL zfvfn] lkmN8df uO{ k|:tfljt /]vf°g u/L /]vfÍgadf]lhd sfod x'g cfpg] If]qkmn lsQf gDa/cg';f/ v'nfO{ ;f] sf] k|ltj]bg dfnkf]t sfof{nodf k7fpg] .

%=!!=^ gfkL zfvfaf6 v'nL cfPadf]lhd df]7, /f]Ssf le8fO{ /f]Ssf gb]lvPdf ;ldltdf k]; ug]{ u/L ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ .

%=!!=& hUuf /f]Ssf /x]5 eg] /f]Ssf /fVg] lgsfonfO{ n]lvk7fO{ /f]Ssf km's'jf eOcfPdf jf af6f]df k/]sf] hUufsf] If]qkmnsf] nuts§f ug{ /f]Ssf /fVg] lgsfon] ;xdlt lbPdf ;ldlt ;dIf lgo{0f;fy k]; ug]{ .

%=!!=* ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o u/fpg] dfly plNnlvt sfo{ljlw k'u]kl5 ;ldltsf] j}7s af]nfO{ ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o u/fpg] . %=!!=( nfUg] ;dfo nut s§f ;DaGwL sfd a9Ldf !% lbg leqdf sfo{ ;DkGg ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . %=!@ gbL s6fgdf k/]sf] hUufsf] nuts§f ;DaGwL sfo{ljlwM– b}jLk|sf]k, af8L, k}/f] h:tf sf/0fn] btf{ lt/f] leqsf gDa/L hUufx¿ ;w}sf nflu

a];fj'b jf j]sDjf eO{ cfjfb of]Uo gePsf] elg ;DalGwt hUufwgLn] hUufsf] nuts§f ug{ rfx]df nuts§f ug{ ;lsg] sfg'gL Joj:yf ePsfn] b]xfosf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L nut s§f ug'{kg]{5 .

%=!@=! lgj]bg lbg' kg]{M– btf{ lt/f] leqsf] hUuf nut s§f ug{ rfx]df ;DalGwt hUufwgLn] k|df0f ;+nUg /fvL

dfnkf]t sfof{nodf Joxf]/f k|i6 v'nfO{ lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 . %=!@=@ lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg x'g' kg]{ k|df0f sfuhx¿M–

nuts§fsf nflu lgj]bg lbFbf ;DalGwt hUufwgLn] lgDg sfuh–k|df0f ;+nUg /fVg' kb{5 M– s_ hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{sf] gSsn . v_ dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] rfn" cf=j=sf] /l;b . u_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk .

%=!@=# lgj]bgdf tf]s cfb]zM– ;+nUg dflysf k|df0f ;lxt lgj]bg kg{ cfPdf sfof{no k|d'v, clws[t jf clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] x]/L tf]s cfb]z ug'{kb{5 .


%=!@=$ dfnkf]t sfof{non] ckgfpg] sfo{ljlwM– nuts§fsf] lgj]bg kg{ cfPkl5 sfof{non] b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ ;DalGwt lgj]bssf] ;gfvt u/fO{ 8fo/L lstfadf ldl;n btf{ u/fpg] . v_ df]7, /f]Ssf le8fpg k7fpg] . u_ df]7 / /f]Ssf le8fpFbf df]7 le8]sf] hUuf /f]Ssf b]lvPdf /f]Ssf /fVg] lgsfo;Fu /fo,

k|ltlqmof lng] . 3_ df]7 / /f]Ssf le8]sf] cj:yf lkmN8 lg/LIf0fsf nflu gfkL zfvf;Fu ;dGjo /fvL

sfof{no k|d'v :jod jf clws[t sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ v6fO{ :ynut lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg lnO{ ldl;n ;+nUg /fVg] .

ª_ df]7, /f]Ssf le8]sf] jf /f]Ssf /fVg] lgsfoaf6 ;xdlt k|fKt ePsf] / :ynut lg/LIf0faf6 cfjfb a]nfos b]lvPsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df nuts§f ug{ dgfl;j b]lvg cfPdf hUufsf] ;Dk"0f{ laa/0f -dWo] eP ;f] sf] tkm{ / If]qkmn ;d]t v'nfO{_ v'nfO{ ls6fgL /fo ;fy lg0f{osf nflu e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu ;dIf ldl;n k]; ug'{kb{5 .

%=!@=% ljefun] nuts§f ;DaGwL kmfOn k|:t't ug]{M– nuts§fsf nflu sfof{nox¿af6 k|:t't x'g cfPsf] kmfon cWoog / ljZn]if0f u/L ljefu :ki6 eO{ ljefuLo /fo ;lxt e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg dGqfnodf ldl;n k]; ug'{kb{5 .

%=!@=^ dGqfnon] ckgfpg] k|lqmofM– dGqfnodf k|fKt x'g cfPsf] ldl;n cWoog u/L ljefuLo /fo dgfl;j b]lvPdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lg0f{o u/fO{ sfof{Gjogsf nflu ljefu dfkm{t ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nodf k7fpg' kb{5 .

%=!@=& lg0f{o sfof{GjogM– nuts§f ug]{ u/L lg0f{o eO{ cfPkl5 lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ubf{ dfnkf]t sfof{non] b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ ldl;n k|fKt ePkl5 lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ lg0f{o u/L 8fo/L lstfadf Joxf]/f hgfO{

ldl;n df]7 kmfF6df a'emfO{ lbg] . v_ ldl;n k|fKt ePkl5 df]7 kmfF6n] ;DalGwt hUufsf] nut df]7af6 bflvn vf/]h u/L

nuts§f ePsf] hUufsf] df]7 ;|]:tf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf sfod ug]{ . u_ o;/L bflvn vf/]h ubf{ bflvnf sfo{ljlw adf]lhd g} s}lkmot Joxf]/f ;d]t v'nfO{

;DalGwt kmfF6jfnf / clws[t sd{rf/Laf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ /fVg] . 3_ dfnkf]t nuts§f ug{ ;DalGwt :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ n]vL k7fpg] . ª_ lg0f{o sfof{Gjog eO{ ;s]kl5 ldl;n tfd]nL kmfF6df a'emfO lbg] . r_ tfd]nL zfvfn] klg k|fKt ldl;n btf{ u/L ;'/lIft /fVg' kb{5 .

%=!@=* nfUg] ;doM– lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] # dlxgf leq sfo{ ;DkGg eO{;Sg' kg]{5 . %=!# hUuf ljsf; cfof]hgf jf lghL If]qaf6 ;+rflnt ljsl;t 38]/L If]q af6f] sfod

ug]{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlwM– gu/ ljsf; ;ldlt, u|fdL0f cfjf; tyf j:tL ljsf; sDkgL / lghL If]qsf lghL nufgL stf{x¿n] ljsf; u/]sf ljsl;t 38]/Lx¿sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 M–


s_ gu/ ljsf; ;ldltåf/ ;+rflnt cfof]hgf If]q leq ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf k/]sf] /x]5 eg] To;sf] nuts§f u/L cfof]hgfn] 5'6\ofOPsf] af6f], v]n d}bfg, kfs{, :s"n h:tf ;/sf/L Pjd\ ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf hUufx¿ g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfddf btf{ ug]{ .

v_ u|fdL0f cfjf; tyf j:tL ljsf; sDkgLaf6 ;+rflnt cfof]hgfx¿sf] ;DaGwdf ;d]t dfly æsÆ k|s/0f adf]lhd g} ug]{ .

u_ gLlh If]qåf/f ;+rflnt cfof]hgf leq tof/ ul/Psf] af6f] ;j{k|yd dfnkf]t lgodfjnL, @)#^ sf] lgod %-u_ adf]lhdsf] sf/jfxL u/L af6f] b]vfOPsf] hUufsf] If]qkmn o;} sfo{ljlwsf] %=@=!! adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf sfod u/]kl5 dfq ljsl;t 38]/Lx¿sf] n]gb]g jf sf/f]jf/df Nofpg' kb{5 .

%=!$ lg0f{o ab/ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw -dfnkf]t P]g @)#$ sf] #@ v_ %=!$=! sf/jfxLsf] cf/De -pTyfg_

dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 hUufsf] gfd;f/L, bf=vf= tyf ;+zf]wg ;DaGwL ePsf] lg0f{odf uDeL/ sfg'gL q'l6 ePsf] egL cbfntdf d'2f kg'{ cl3 ljefu jf sfof{nonfO{ h'g;'s} ;|f]taf6 hfgsf/L x'g cfPdf b]xfoadf]lhd u/L lg0f{o jb/ ;DaGwL sf/jfxL z'? ug'{kb{5 . s_ ljefuLo k|d'vn] ;DalGwt ldl;n lemsfpg] . v_ ljjflbt hUuf /f]Ssf /fVg ;DalGwt sfof{nonfO{ cfb]z lbg] . u_ k|fKt ldl;n cWoog u/L cfjZostfcg';f/ yk k|df0f, JolQm tyf lgsfo a'emg] . 3_ sfof{nosf] /fo, k|ltlqmof tyf yk ljj/0f cfjZos b]lvPdf ;f] dfu ug]{ . ª_ pQm lg0f{o pk/ cbfntdf d'2f k/], gk/]sf] ;DaGwdf a'em\g' kg]{ b]lvPdf a'em\g] . r_ cfjZos b]lvPsf] yk sfo{ ljlw ckgfpg' kg]{ ePdf ;f] ;d]t k"/f ug]{ . - h:t}M

;"rgf, ;h{dLg cflb_ %=!$=@ dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ k|lqmofM–

s_ lgj]bgdf tf]s cfb]z nufpg] . v_ ldl;n tfd]nLaf6 hufO{ rfn" 8fo/Ldf btf{ ug]{ . u_ lgj]bssf] Joxf]/f dgfl;j b]lvP ;DalGwt lhNnf / k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf d'2f k/],

gk/]sf] olsg ug]{ . 3_ df]7, /f]Ssf le8fpg] . ª_ :yfgLo lgsfosf] l;kmfl/; lng] . r_ dflysf Joxf]/f a'emL;s]kl5 sfof{no k|d'vsf] ls6fgL /fo ;lxt ab/sf nflu

e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefudf k]; ug]{ . 5_ hUuf /f]Ssf /fVg lg0f{o u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ .

%=!$=# ljefun] lg0f{o ug]{ sfo{ljlwM– dflysf k|df0f sfuhn] k'i6ofOF u/], gu/]sf] ljZn]if0f u/L k|df0f gk'u] s}lkmot Joxf]/f

;lxt k|df0f a'em\g dfnkf]t sfof{nonfO{ n]lv k7fpg] / k|fKt ePkl5 lg0f{o ab/ u/L ldl;n ;DalGwt sfof{nodf lkmtf{ k7fpg] .

%=!$=$ ldl;n x/fpg gx'g]M– dfnkf]t sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf ldl;n, lgj]bg ;lxtsf sfuhkqx¿ x/fpg' x'Fb}g .

x/fPdf To;sf] hjfkmb]xLtf ;DalGwt kmfF6df sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 .


%=!$=% ldl;n JolQmsf] xftdf lbg gx'g] M– dfnkf]t sfof{nodf btf{ eO{;s]sf] ldl;n s'g}klg JolQmnfO{ lbg x'b}{g . Ps kmfF6af6

csf]{ kmfF6 jf cGt/ sfof{no jLrdf cfbfg k|bfg ug'{kbf{ sd{rf/L jf x'nfs dfkm{t dfq u/fpg' kb{5 .

%=!$=^ ldl;n x/fPdf ;hfo x'g] M– e|i6frf/ lgjf/0f P]g, @)%( sf] bkmf !@ adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 .

%=!% b[li6aGws lnvt kfl/t ug]{ ;DaGwL M– s_ b[li6aGws lnvt kfl/t u/fpbf] lwtf] / y}nL c+s ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt b[li6jGws

u/fO{ lng] lgsfo g} hjfkmb]xL x'g]5 . v_ b[li6aGws lnvt, a]lhNnf, a]Onfsfaf6 kfl/t ug'{ x'b}g .

%=!^ df]7 le8fpg] sfo{ljlw df]7 le8fpFbf ;DaGwLt hUufwgLsf] gfd, y/, jfj', afh], klt, ;;'/f / hUuf /x]sf] uf=lj=;= j8f g+=, ls=g+=, l;6 g+=, If]qkmn, gful/stf, kmf]6f] cflb ljj/0f x]/L hfFrL km/s gkg]{ u/L le8fpg] lhDd]jf/L df]7 kmfF6df a:g] kmfF6jfnfsf] x'g]5 .

%=!& /f]Ssf le8fpg] sfo{ljlwM– /f]Ssf le8fpFbf ;DalGwt kmfF6jfnfn] /f]Ssf clen]v;Fu le8L cfPsf] df]7 Joxf]/f /fd|f];Fu x]/L hfFrL le8fpg' kb{5 . slxn]sfxLF /f]Ssf clen]v j0f{fg'qmd -Alphabet) sf] cfwf/df /f]Ssf j0f{fg'qmd -Alphabet) km/s kg{ ;Sg] ;+efjgfnfO{ Vofn u/L /f]Ssf eP gePsf] olsg ug'{kb{5 .

%=!* bf=vf= ug]{M– ljleGg ;|f]taf6 bf=vf=sf lgldQ df]7 kmF6df cfpFbf kmfF6jfnfn] bf=vf= ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o:tf] bf=vf= ubf{ vf/]h x'g] df]7 / sfod x'g] df]7 b'j}df /=g+=, ld=g+= 7]=g+= ldlt, ;fljs h=w=, xfn sfodL h=w=, hUufsf] ljj/0f h:tf Joxf]/f s}lkmot n]Vbf 5'6fpg' x'Fb}g . k|dfl0ft ug]{ clwsf/Ln] klg ;f] Joxf]/f x]/L gk'u eP yKg nufO{ k|dfl0ft ul/lbg' kb{5 .

%=!( xs;kmL ;DaGwL sfo{ljlwM– xs;kmL ;DaGwL sfof{ljlw b]xfo adf]lhd k'/f ug{, u/fpg' kb{5 . %=!(=!= lkm/fb ;/xsf] lgj]bg lng'kg]{M–

xs;kmf u/L kfpmF eGg] ;DaGwdf d'n'sL P]g n]gb]g Aojxf/sf] !! gDa/ / /lh:6«];g dxnsf] #% gDa/ adf]lhd xs lgvGg kfpg] JolQmn] lkm/fb kqsf] 7fFrfdf lgj]bg lbg' kb{5 .

%=!(=@= lkm/fkq;fy ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ k|df0f sfuhx¿M– s_ lnvtsf] k|dfl0ft gSsn . v_ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk . u_ gfkL gS;fsf] k|ltlnlk . 3_ gftf v'n]sf] sfuh . ª_ lkm/fbjfnfsf] hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{sf] k|ltlnlk . r_ /lh:6«];g b:t'/ ;lxtsf] y}nL c+sadf]lhd gub /sd / lkm/fbkq b:t'/ .


%=!(=#= lgj]bgdf tf]s cfb]z x'g' kg]{M– lkm/fbkq jf xs lgvGg kfpmF eGg] lgj]bgsf] lz/df æof] lkm/fb kq k9LjfFrL ;'gfO{ dhj'g ;d]t a'emfpFbf lgj]bsaf6 btf{ ug{ dGh'/L u/]sf]n] sfg'g adf]lhd nfUg] w/f}6L /sd lnO{ ldl;n 8fo/Ldf btf{ ug'{Æ eGg] tf]s cfb]z nufpg' kb{5 .

%=!(=$= w/f}6L /sd a'em\g]M– sfof{no k|d'vaf6 tf]s cfb]z ePkl5 lgodfg';f/ /fVg' kg]{ w/f}6L /sdsf] /l;b n]vf +zfvfaf6 sf6\g nufO{ ;f]sf] lg:;f ! k|lt lgj]bsnfO{ / ! k|lt ldl;n ;+nUg /fvL lgj]bsnfO{ tf/]vdf /fVg' kb{5 .

%=!(=%= Dofb hf/L ug]{M– ljkIfLsf] gfddf ;+lIfKt sfo{ljlw P]g @)@* cg';f/sf] /Lt -cª\u_ k'¥ofO{ & -;ft_ lbg] Dofb hf/L ug'{kb{5 . ;f] Dofb ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] d'=P]g cf=j+= !!) adf]lhd l/t k'¥ofO{ tfd]n ug'{kb{5 .

%=!(=^= k|ltpQ/ kq lng]M– P]gn] tf]s]sf] Dofb leq -yfdL kfpg] Dofb_ k|ltpQ/sf] 9fFrfdf ljkIfLaf6 k|ltpQ/kq btf{ ug{ NofPdf /Lt k'¥ofO{ btf{ u/L kIf ljkIfsf] tf/]v ldnfg x'g] u/L tf/]v ;d]t tf]sL lbg' kb{5 .

%=!(=&= xs;kmL d'2f sfof{no k|d'vn] x]g]{M– d'n'sL P]g cbfntL aGbf]j:tsf] ! gDa/sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] k|d'vnfO{ dfq d'2fsf] sf/jfxL / km};nf ug]{ clwsf/ /x]sf] 5 .

%=!(=*= d'2fsf] sf/jfxL lsgf/f / sfof{Gjog ug]{M– xs;kmL ;DaGwL sf/jfxL lsgf/f / sfof{Gjog d'n'sL P]g, ;+lIfKt sfo{ljlw P]g / hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 .

%=!(=(= nfUg] ;doM– lkm/fb k/L k|ltkIfnfO{ /Ltk"jssf] Dofb tfd]n ePsf] ldltn] a9Ldf ^ dlxgf leq sf/jfxL lsgf/f ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .

%=@) cbnsf] # gDa/ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlwM– d'n'sL P]g cbnsf] # gDa/ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yfnfO{ sfof{Gjog ubf{ b]xfosf] k|lqmof ckgfpg' kb{5 M–

%=@)=!= lgj]bg lng'kg]{M– ;DalGwt xsbf/n] /Ltk"j{ssf] lgj]bg n]vL dfnkf]t sfof{nodf lbg' kb{5 .

%=@)=@= lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg /xg'kg]{ sfuh k|df0fx¿ M– s_ ljb]zL gful/s xf] eGg] a;f]af; ug]{ If]qsf] :yfgLo lgsfon] lbPsf] sfuh . v_ gftf v'nsf] k|df0fkq . u_ dfnkf]t lt/]sf] /l;b . 3_ hUufwgL k|df0fk"hf{sf] k|ltlnlk ª_ cGo cfjZos sfuhx¿ .

%=@)=#= pk/f]Qm k|df0fx¿ a'emL g]kfnL gful/snfO{ cGo s'g} Joxf]/fn] xs x:tfGt/0f ug]{ u/L lg0f{o ul/lbg' kb{5 .


%=@)=$= cGo k|qm[of M– cbnsf] # gDa/adf]lhd gfd;f/L u/L g]kfnL gful/snfO{ hUuf laqmL ug{ :jLs[lt lbg] ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw gfd;f/L lg0f{o ug]{ sfo{ljlwadf]lhd x'g]5 .

%=@)=%= lg0f{o adf]lhd bf=vf= ug{ gldNg] M– cbnsf] #=g+= adf]lhd s'g} ljb]zL gful/snfO{ c+z jf ck'tfnLaf6 rn ;Dklt k|fKt ePdf lghn] g]kfnL gful/snfO{ laqmL ug]{ ;Ddsf] :jLs[lt lbPsf], ;f] afx]s c? lsl;dn] cfkm\gf] gfddf btf{, gfd;f/L ug{, u/fpg ldNb}g . /Ltk"j{ssf] lnvt k]; x'g cfPdf /Lt -cª\u_ k'¥ofO{ lnvt kfl/t ul/lbg] / kfl/t lnvt bf=vf= ubf{ s}lkmot Joxf]/fdf ;a} Joxf]/f v'Ng] u/L v'nfO{ k|dfl0ft u/fpg' kb{5 .

%=@)=^= lg0f{o ldl;n lnvt ;+nUg /fVg' kg]{ M– g]kfnL gful/snfO{ hUuf laqmL ug{ :jLs[t lbg] u/L ePsf] lg0f{o ldl;n sfof{nodf /xg] lnvt ;fy ;+nUg u/L clen]v /fVg' kb{5 .

%=@)=&= clws[t:t/sf] sd{rf/Laf6 lg0f{o x'g'kg]{ cbn sf] # g+= adf]lhdsf] :jLs[lt lbg] lg0f{o sfof{no k|d'v jf lghåf/f clwsf/ k|Tofof]lht clws[t:t/sf] sd{rf/Laf6 u/fpg' kb{5 .

%=@)=*= nfUg] ;do lgj]bg k/L k|lqmof k'u]sf] ldltn] @ lbg leq lg0f{o ug'{kb{5 . %=@! xn], kf6] sf]bfn] gv' hUufsf] ;fljs df]7 sfod ug]{ sfo{ljlw M–

gfkgS;f x'Fbf ;Ldf ljjfb k/L jf ljleGg cGo sf/0fn] gfkgS;f x'g g;s]sf] :yfgdf ;fljs /l;bsf] cfwf/df lnvt kf; ub}{ hfFbf ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf klg lnvt kfl/t x'g ;Sg] ePsfn] To:tf] hUufsf] ;fljs nut -xn],kf6],gv' sf]bfn],d'/L ljhg_ sf] df]7 clen]v sfod u/L lnvt kf; ug{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ ;fljs nutsf] rf/lsNnf olsg ug]{ . v_ ;fljs rf/ lsNnfaf6 s] slt If]qkmn sfod x'G5 ;f] sf] Psd':6 If]qkmn dWo] tkm{

;d]t v'nfO{ kfl/t lnvtsf] cfwf/df s] slt If]qkmn afFsL /xG5 bf=vf= ub}{ hfg] . u_ sfod df]7 clen]v nut dWo] g/w6L–g/j9L x'g ;Sg] If]qkmn eGbf j9Lsf] lnvt

kf; ug'{ x'b}{g . 3_ If]qkmn sfod ubf{ v]ttkm{ rf/ d'/L df6f]sf] Ps /f]kgLsf] b/n] sfod ug]{ sfg'gL

Joj:yf ePsf] / kfvftkm{ @! !÷@ d'7Lsf] Ps /f]kgL x'g] k|rng ePtf klg ;f] Joj:yfsf] cfwf/df If]qkmn sfod ubf{ g/36L, g/a];L x'g ;Sg] clws ;+efjgf /xG5 . t;y{ ;fljs nutdf rf/lsNnf v'n]sf]df ;f]xL rf/ lsNnf / rf/lsNnf v'Ng;Sg] ;Defljt sfuhx¿nfO{ cfwf/ agfpg' kb{5 .

ª_ o:tf] nut sfod ubf{ gfkL zfvfsf] k|fljlws ;xof]u lnO{ sfof{no k|d'v :jod\n] :ynut cWofog u/L ldRg gkfpg] tkm{ ljz]if Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

r_ o:tf] k|s[ltsf] ;d:ofnfO{ hUuf -gfFkhfFr_ P]g, @)!( adf]lhd gfkgS;f u/fpg]tkm{ sfof{no k|d'vn] ljz]if Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

%=@@ hUufwgL ;|]:tfsf] gSsn lbg] sfo{ljlw M– hUufwgL ;|]:tfsf] gSsn lbg] sfd ;+j]bgzLn ePsfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 M–


%=@@=!= lgjb]g lbg'kg]{ M– ljljw sf/0fa; hUufwgL k|df0fk"hf{ x/fpg gf;Lg ;Sg] ePsf] / ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQmn] c8\fdf /x]sf] sfuhsf] gSsn kfpg] sfg'gL Joj:yf cGtu{t ;DalGwt hUufwgLn] sf/0f ;d]t v'nfO{ /Ltk"j{ssf] lgj]bg dfnkf]t sfof{nodf lbg' kb{5 .

%=@@=@= lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ sfuh k|df0fx¿M– s_ rfn" cf=j= ;Dd dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] /l;bsf] k|ltlnlk . v_ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk . u_ x/fPsf], gfl;Psf] :ki6 v'Ng] u/L :yfgLo lgsfosf] l;kmfl/; jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]

jfxfnjfnf /fhkqflst clws[tsf] l;kmfl/; jf k|x/L sfof{non] ul/lbPsf] l;kmfl/; jf lwtf] /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt j}Fs tyf ljlQo ;ª\3;+:yfsf] l;kmfl/;kq .

%=@)=#= sfof{non] k'¥ofpg' kg]{ sfo{ljlw s_ sfof{no k|d'v jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] lgj]bgsf] Joxf]/f / ;+nUg sfuh–k|df0f

x]/L lgj]bgdf tf]s–cfb]z ug]{ . v_ d"n btf{ lstfadf btf{ u/L ;DalGwt df]7 kmfF6df a'emfpg] . u_ cfkm" ;dIf lgj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 df]7 kmfF6df a:g] sd{rf/Ln] /f]Ssf le8fpg], df]7

Joxf]/f le8fpg], lgj]bg dfly ;gfvt u/fpg] k|q[mof k"/f ug'{kb{5 . 3_ df]7 /f]Ssf le8L lgj]bsnfO{ hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tfsf] gSsn lbg pko'Qm b]lvPdf

df]7 Joxf]/f ptf/ u/L sfg'gsf] /Ltk'¥ofO{ clws[taf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ gSsn a'emfOlbg' kb{5 .

ª_ k|df0fsf nflu egL ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQmn] lgj]bg lbPdf s] k|of]hgsf nflu gSsn dfu u/]sf] xf], ;f] Joxf]/f v'nfO{ df]7 sfod /x]sf] Joxf]/f ;Dd k|dfl0ft ul/lbg' kb{5 . gSsn lbg' x'b}{g .

r_ xsx:tfGt/0f, gfd;f/L bf=vf= h:tf sfdsf nflu gSsn dfu ug]{ / ;f]sf] cfwf/df ul/Psf] lg0f{ox¿df unt x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] b]lvFbf To:tf] sfo{sf nflu gSsn lbFbf dfly plNnlvt k|df0f / k|qmof k'¥ofpFbf klg z+sf:kb b]lvg cfPdf xsbfaL ;DaGwL !% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf, :ynut ;h{dLg cflb ;d]t a'emL k|i6 ePkl5 dfq gSsn lbg' kb{5 ,

5_ cbfnt jf cGo ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 cg';Gwfg jf k|df0fsf] l;nl;nfdf hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf k|df0fsf] gSsn dfu x'g cfPdf s]jn Ædfu ug]{ lgsfosf]Æ k|of]hgsf nflu dfq egL Joxf]/f hgfO{ ;|]:tfsf] n'h gSsn lbg] jf df]7 Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft u/L kqåf/f hfgsf/L u/fpg' x'G5 .

5_ hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tfsf] gSsn lbFbf ;DalGwt hUufwgLsf] xfn ;fn} lvr]sf] kmf]6f] ;d]t 6fF;L lbg' kg]{ ePsfn] ;DalGwt JolQm afx]s cGonfO{ gSsn lbg' x'b}{g .

h_ hUufwgLsf] d[To" kZrft gfd;f/L ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu ;|]:tfsf] gSsn dfu eO{ cfPdf xsbf/ xf] eGg] s'/f k|i6 x'g'sf] ;fy} hUufwgL k|df0fk"hf{ x/fpg] dfl;g], gfl;g] cfwf/ k|i6 v'n]kl5 dfq lbg] ug'{kb{5 .

em_ k|df0fsf nflu egL j];/f]sf/ jfnfn] dfu u/]tfklg csf{ JolQmsf] hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf gSsn lbg' x'b}{g .

`_ ljb]zL gful/ssf] gfddf /x]sf] hUufsf] hUufwgL ;|]:tfsf] gSsn dfu ug{ cfPdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] k|qm[of k"/f u/L gSsn lbg' kb{5 M–


%=@# ljb]zL gful/sn] cfkm\gf] gfddf sfod /x]sf] hUufsf] btf{ ;|]:tfsf] gSsn dfu ubf{ lgDg sfuh–k|df0f lgj]bg ;fy k]; ug'{kb{5 M–

s_ hUufsf] rfn" jif{ ;Ddsf] dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] /l;bsf] k|ltlnlk . v_ ;DalGwt ljb]zL gful/s a;f]af; u/]sf] :yfg / hUuf /x]sf] :yfgsf] :yfgLo

lgsfosf] l;kmfl/; kq . u_ ljb]zL gfu/ls xf] eGg] v'n:y x'g] cflwsfl/s k|df0f sfuh . h:t} M /fxbfgL /f;g

sf8{, kl/rokq cflb . %=@$ cWoogsf nflu gSsn lbg' x'“b}g .

sfg'g Joj;foL jf n]vfk9L Joj;foLx¿nfO{ d'2fsf kIf–ljkIfn] sfg'g Joj;foL d's// u/]sf] / To:tf] cj:yfdf cfkm\gf] kIfsf] kIfdf ax; k}/jL nufotsf cGo sfo{x¿sf] l;nl;nfdf ldl;n ;Dd gSsn sfg'g Joj;foLnfO{ lbg] u/L ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/Psf] cfwf/df hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tfsf] gSsn dfu ug]{ u/]sf] b]lvG5 . hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tfsf] gSsn o:tf] cj:yfsf] ljifo x'g ;Sb}g t;y{ gSsn lbg' x'b}{g .

%=@% hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf / k"hf{df kmf]6f] 6f“; ug]{ sfo{ljlw M– hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf eg]sf] JolQmsf] crn ;Dklt ePsfn] hUuf hdLgdf a9\b} uPsf] hfn;fh, lst]{ sfo{nfO{ lg?T;flxt, lgoGq0f u/L ;j{;fw/0f hgtfsf] d'Vo crn ;DklQsf ¿kdf /x]sf] hUuf hdLgsf] ;+/If0f ug{ k|To]s hUufwgLsf] ;|]:tf / k"hf{df xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kf;kf]{6 ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] 6fF;L hUufwgLsf] ;lx5fk u/fO{ clws[t jf sfof{no k|d'vaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fpFbf lgDg sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 . -@)%@.@.@@ sf] d=k= lg0f{o_M–

%=@%=!= ;DalGwt hUufwgLx¿n] ;|]:tf, k"hf{df kmf]6f] 6fF; ug{ lgj]bgdf l6s6 b:t'/ gnfUg] eP t/ klg /Ltk"j{ssf] lgj]bg lbg' kb{5 .

%=@%=@= lgj]bg ;fy b]xfosf] k|df0f sfuh ;+nUg x'g'kb{5 . s_ xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] . v_ hUufwgL k|df0fsf] k"hf{ ;Ssn . u_ gfjfnssf] xsdf ;+/Ifssf] ;d]t kmf]6f] / gfjfnssf] hGdbtf{ k|df0fkqsf]

k|ltlnlk . 3_ gful/stfsf] gSsn . ª_ ltgk':t] gv'n]sf] btf{ ;|]:tfdf kmf]6f] 6fF; ubf{ :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 tLg k':tf v'n]sf]

gful/stf k|=k=g+= pNn]v u/fO{, kmf]6f]df ;d]t k|dfl0ft u/fO{Psf] l;kmfl/;kq . r_ /ftf] k"hf{ lnO{;s]sf] xsdf ;f]xL adf]lhd ! k|lt kmf]6f] / /ftf] k"hf{ glnPsf] xsdf

@ k|lt kmf]6f] . 5_ kmf]6f] 6fF; ubf{ ;|]:tfsf] afofF kl§ ækmf]6f]Æ eGg] :yfgdf 6f; ug]{ . w]/} hgf

hUufwgL ePdf :yfg x]/L ;|]:tfsf] vfnL 7fFpdf kmf]6f] 6fF; u/L kmf]6f]sf] d'lg hUufwgLsf] gfd, ltgk':tf / gf=k|= g+Dj/ ;d]t pNn]v ug]{ .

h_ kmf]6f]df hUufwgLsf] b:tvt ;lx5fk ;d]t kg]{ u/L u/fpg] / kmf]6f] 6fF; ug]{ kmfF6jfnf / k|dfl0ft ug]{ clwsf/Laf6 k|dfl0ft u/fpg] .

em_ kmf]6f] 6fF; ubf{ :6]Kn/sf] k|of]u gu/L glau|g], gv:g] u/L :t/Lo u'b nufP/ 6fF; ug]{ .


`_ hUufwgL axfnjfnf sd{rf/L ePdf axfn /x]sf] sfof{noaf6 l;kmfl/; eO{ cfPcg';f/ ;f]xL cfwf/df # k':tf sfod u/L kmf]6f] 6fF; ul/lbg] .

6_ w]/} uf=lj=;= / g=kf= x¿df hUuf x'g] hUufwgLsf] hUufx¿sf] k"hf{ Pp6} lbg] . ;|]:tf eg] uf=lj=;= jf g=kf= lkR5] km/s km/s /fVg' kb{5 .

7_ ;|]:tf, k"hf{df kmf]6f] 6fF; ubf{ ;|]:tf / k"hf{sf] s}lkmot Joxf]/f / clen]vnfO{ c;/ gkg]{ u/L hUufwgLsf] kmf]6f] 6fF; ug]{ .

8_ hUufwgL ;|]:tf k"hf{ kmf]6f] 6fF; ubf{ hUufwgLsf] ;xL5fk u/fpg'kg]{ x'Fbf jf/];af6 kmf]6f] 6fF; ug'{ x'Fb}g . t/ clws[t jf/];gfdfsf] xsdf jf/]; kfpg]sf] b:tvt u/fO{ hUufwgLsf] kmf]6f] 6fF; / ;DalGwt clws[t jf/];jfnfsf]] kmf]6f] ;d]t 6fF;L hUufwgLsf] xs x:tfGt/0f ug{x'G5 .

%=@^ gfkL zfvf;“u ;DalGwt k|fljlws sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ sfo{ljlw M– dfnkf]t sfof{no ;Dk"0f{ sfuhsf] clen]v sfof{no ePsf] / cw{ k|fljlws sfof{nosf ¿kdf klg /xg] ePsfn] hUuf k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfd sf/jfxLdf k|fljlws clen]v -gS;f ;DaGwL_ sfo{sf] sfd sf/jfxL klg dfnkf]t sfof{no cGtu{t g} kb{5 . hUuf k|zf;gsf] ;Gbe{df ;|]:tf dfnkf]t sfof{nodf / gS;f gfkL zfvfdf /xg] ePsfn] ;|]:tf /fVg] sfof{non] ;|]:tfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ gS;fdf ;d]t ldnfg ub} hfg' kg]{ ePsfn] k|fljlws sfd sf/jfxLsf] pTyfg klg dfnkf]t sfof{nodf x'g] / dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] Joxf]/fadf]lhd gfkL zfvfn] gS;fsf] k|fljlws sfo{ ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] lgDg ljifodf lgDg adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ljlw k'/f ug'{kb{5 .

%=@^=!= lsQf kmf]8 ug]{ M– hUuf btf{, gfd;f/L, bflvn vf/]h, lnvt kfl/t cflb ljljw sfd sf/jfxL ubf{ s'g s'g lsQf dWo] s'g lbzftkm{af6 slt If]qkmn lsQfsf6 ug'{kg]{ xf] . hUufsf] ljj/0f, tkm{, If]qkmn ;d]t v'nfO{ gfkL zfvfnfO{ :ki6 cfb]z lbg' kb{5 .

%=@^=@= lsQf kmf]8sf nflu cfb]z lb“bf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kg]{ s'/fx¿M– s_ cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf jf ldnfkq jf ljleGg lgsfoaf6 8fFslnnfdadf]lhd

lsQfsf6 ubf{ ;f] km};nf, ldnfkq jf lgsfosf] kqsf] Joxf]/f . v_ kfl/t ug{ k|:t'tL u/]sf] lnvtdf plNnlvt Joxf]/f

%=@^=#= lsQf kmf]8sf nflu cfb]z ug]{ M– lsQf kmf]8sf nflu cfb]z lbbf lgDg adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M–

s_ cbfntsf] km};nf, ldnfkq, s'g} lgsfosf] kq, 8fFs–lnnfd cflb h'g;'s} ldl;nsf ¿kaf6 pTyfg ePsf] sfd sf/jfxL adf]lhd ls=sf=sf nflu cfb]z lbbf sfof{no k|d'v jf dfnkf]t clws[taf6 dfq lbg' kb{5 .

v_ kfl/tsf nflu k]; ePsf] lnvt btf{ ePkl5 gf=;'=n] lnvt ?h' u/L df]7, /f]Ssf le8fO{ ;s]kl5 C0fLsf gfpFdf df]7df btf{ k|dfl0ft le8]sf] / /f]Ssf g/x]sf] eP gf=;'=n] g} lsQf sf6sf nflu gfkL zfvfdf k7fpg' kb{5 .

u_ df]7 / /f]Ssf gle8];Dd lsQfkmf]8sf nflu cfb]z gbLg] / To:tf] cj:yfdf c? yk sf/jfxL ug'{kg]{ x'Fbf yk sf/jfxLsf nflu cfk"m eGbf dfly k]; u/L ePsf] cfb]z jf lgsf;fadf]lhd ug]{ .


%=@^=$=cbfntsf] km};nf, ldnfkq jf lnnfd adf]lhd lsQf sf6 ubf{ If]qkmn km/s k/]df lgDg adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ cbfntsf] km};nf adf]lhd sfod ePsf] j08f d'r'Nsf jf ldnfkq adf]lhd

ls=sf=ug]{ qmddf 6«f=r]s ubf{ If]qkmn 3l6a9L ePdf gS;fdf b]lvPsf] If]qkmnsf] bfdf;fxLsf] lx;fjn] lsQf sf6 ug{ sf=k| jf dfnkf]t clws[tn] gfkL zfvfnfO{ cfb]z lbg' kb{5 .

v_ xs sfod btf{ jb/ d'2fdf of], of] lsQfsf] olt jb/ x'g] jf olt lx:;f kfpg] eGg] Joxf]/f pNn]v ePsf]df gS;fdf b]lvPsf] If]qkmnsf] cg'dfgdf ls=sf=ug{ cg'/f]w ug{] .

u_ ljuf] e/fpg], lnnfd ug{ sf/jfxL ePsf]df gS;fdf hlt;'s} If]qkmn eP klg km};nf k'hLdf pNn]v ePsf] tkm{ If]qkmn cg';f/ lsQf sf6 ug{ cfb]z lbg] . olb km};nf k'hL{df pNn]v ePsf] If]qkmn eGbf gS;fdf sd If]qkmn b]lvPdf gS;fdf b]lvPsf] If]qkmn adf]lhd lsQf sf6 ug{ cfb]z lbg] .

3_ dfly v08 s, v / u adf]lhd ug{ ;DalGwt kIf dGh'/ gePdf jf kIf–ljkIf ePsf] s'g} d'2fsf] xsdf s'g} PskIf dGh'/ gePdf ;DalGwt cbfntdf ;|]:tfsf] Joxf]/f, gS;fsf] Joxf]/f / km};nf ldnfkq jf k'hL{sf] Joxf]/f v'nfO{ k7fO{ k|fKt lgsf;fadf]lhd ug]{ .

ª_ km};fnf, ldnfkq jf k'hL{ adf]lhd s'g} lsQf hUufsf] lsQfkmf]8 ug]{ qmddf To:tf] km};nf ldnfkq jf k'hL{ hf/L ePkl5 ;f] hUufsf] :ynut cj:yf -ef}lts :j¿k_ jf kl/jlt{t cj:yf cg';f/ kIf jf ljkIf jf b'j} y/ ls=sf= ug{ dGh'/ gePdf dfly v08 3 adf]ldh ug]{ .

%=@^=%= kfl/t ug{ k|:t't lnvtadf]lhd lsQfkmf]8 ug{ gS;fdf If]qkmn km/s k/]df ug]{ M kfl/tsf nflu k|:t't lnvt adf]lhd lstf kmf]8 ug{ k7fPsf]df 6«fon r]s ubf{

If]qkmn km/s k/]sf]df b]xfo adf]lhd ug]{ M– s_ gS;fdf sd If]qkmn ePsf]df gfkL zfvfaf6 k|fKt ePsf] gS;fsf]

If]qkmnadf]lhd sfof{nodf /x]sf] hUuf wgL btf{ ;|]:tf / k"hf{df ;d]t To;} lbg ;'wf/ u/L lnvtdf ;d]t ;f]xL adf]lhd sfod ug{ nufO{ lsQf sf6 u/fpg] .

v_ gS;fdf If]qkmn j9L / ;|]:tf k"hf{df sd ePsf]df klxn] hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tfdf If]qkmn ;'wf/ u/]kl5 dfq lnvtdf ;d]t Joxf]/f ldnfg u/L gfkL zfvfnfO{ lsQfkmf]8 ug]{ cfb]z lbg] . o;/L j9L x'g cfPsf] If]qkmn ;+zf]wg ubf{ cGo s'/fdf ;d]t ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kg]{ x'Fbf ;+zf]wg ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw adf]lhd ;'wf/ ug'{kb{5 .

%=@^=^= gfkL zfvfn] ug'{kg]{ sfo{ M– != 6«fon r]s, gS;f ;'wf/, ls=g+= ;'wf/ / lsQf PsLs[t ug]{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlwM–

oL sfdsf nflu JolQmn] dfu ug{ cfPdf lgDg adf]lhd ug'{kb{5 M– s_ Joxf]/f v'n]sf] lgj]bgM /Ltk"j{ssf] lnO{ btf{ u/fpg] . v_ df]7 kmfF6 / /f]Ssf kmfF6n] le8fO{ k|dfl0ft ul/lbg] . u_ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;DalGwt lnvt lg0f{o ldl;n cflb le8fpg] . 3_ Nk6 /lh:6/, lkmN8a's, gS;f cflb dufO{ le8fpg] .


@= gfkL zfvfnfO{ cfb]z lbg] M– s_ ;|]:tfsf] Joxf]/f le8fO;s]kl5 dfu bjL cg';f/sf] ljifodf ef]usf] l:ylt,

;Flwof/nfO{ kg{ hfg] c;/, ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUuf 3';], g3';]sf] cflb ;a} Joxf]/fdf :ki6 u/L k]; ug{ sfof{non] gfkL zfvfnfO{ cfb]z lbg] .

v_ To:tf] cfb]z k|fKt ePkl5 gfkL zfvfn] pk/f]Qm adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f kl5;Dd km/s gkg]{ u/L oyf;Dej l56f] tof/ u/L :ynut k|ltj]bg k]; ug'{kg]{5 .

%=@^=&= gS;f / :ynsf] l:yltaf/] gfkL zfvfaf6 /fo lng ;Sg] M– s'g} lsQf hUufsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} Joxf]/fsf] ;'wf/ ;+zf]wg dfu ePsf] cj:yfdf To;

;DaGwL sf/jfxL lg/f]k0f ug{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ h'g;'s} ljj/0f gfkL zfvfn] dfnkf]t sfof{nonfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kb{5 .

%=@^=*= k'gM gfkhf“r eP kl5sf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug]{ ;DaGwdf gfkL zfvfn] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿M–

gfkL uf]Zj/f, gfkL sfof{nox¿af6 3/ hUuf k'gM gfkhfFr u/L uf]Zjf/f jf sfof{non] ;|]:tf cBfjlws ug{ afFsL /x]sf] pQm ;|]:tf df=kf]=sf=nfO{ a'emfO;s]sf] / ;f] ;|]:tf cBfjlws ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{non] ug'{kg]{ x'Fbf To:tf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] qmddf df=kf]=sf=n] lgDg ljifox¿df gfkL zfvfaf6 ljj/0f k|fKt ug{ gfkL zfvfnfO{ n]lvk7fpg' kb{5 / gfkL zfvfn] klg tL ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg' kb{5 M– s_ ;fljs / xfnsf] lkmN8a'ssf] ljj/0f . v_ ;fljs / xfnsf] gS;fsf] ljj/0f tyf gS;fptf/ . u_ af/Lk/L lsQfsf] cyjf cWoog If]q leq kg]{ -c;/ kg]{ lsQfx¿_ ;a} ;fljs /

xfnsf] lsQfx¿sf] l:ylt b]lvg] gS;f cf]e/Nofk . 3_ h'g;'s} k|s[ltsf] lkmN8 k|ltj]bg . ª_ cfjZostfcg';f/sf] k|fljlws /fo k|ltlqmof . r_ ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUufdf k/]sf] c;/ / k|efj ;DaGwdf 5_ ;fljs / xfnsf] 6«fon r]ssf] ;DaGwdf . h_ s'g} ljjflbt hUufsf] ;fljs / xfnsf] ef]usf] l:ylt . em_ Ps 7fpFsf] hUufsf] ;|f]t b]vfO{ csf]{ 7fpFdf hUuf gfk–gS;f ePsf] ;|]:tf

cBfjlws ug]{ ;DaGwdf . `_ Psfsf] gfpFsf] hUuf csf{sf] gfpFdf gfk–gS;f ePsf] ;DaGwdf . 6_ ;fljs / xfn le8fO{ ljj/0f pknAw u/fpFbf gfkL zfvfn] låljwf /fo glbO{ olsg

k|:6 /fo lbg' kb{5 . -h:t}M cfwf/ laGb'df km/s k/]df eGg] låljwf zAb g/fVg]_ %=@^=(= gfkL zfvfn] ug'{kg]{ cGo sfdx¿M–

hUuf k|zf;gdf gfkL zfvf klg Pp6f cleGg cª\usf ¿kdf :yflkt ePsf] 5 hUufsf] ;|]:tf, k"hf{ dfnkf]t sfof{nodf /xg] / gS;f tyf lkmN8a's gfkL zfvfdf /xg] x'Fbf+ hUufsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;|]:tfx¿ r':t, b'?:t agfO{ cBfjlws /fVg oyfy{ ljj/0f pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' gfkL zfvfsf] bfloTj / st{Jo x'g] x'Fbf+ lgDgfg';f/ gfkL zfvfsf] sfd st{Jo x'g]5 M– s_ lsQfkmf]8, gS;f ;'wf/, If]qkmn 36j9, ;Ldfª\sg, /]vfª\sg h:tf s'/fx¿df

cfpg] kl/j{tgn] dfnkf]t, /fhZj, :jfldTj h:tf w]/} s'/fdf c;/ kg]{ x'Fbf k"j{


;|f]tsf] k|s[lt cWoog ljZn]if0f u/L dfq ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . t;y{ tt\;DaGwL ljj/0fsf] ;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf tTsfn ;'wf/ gu/L dfnkf]t sfof{nonfO{ k"j{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ cfb]z lnO{ dfq ;'wf/ ug]{ . -h:t} M 6«fon r]sdf gfkL zfvfn] df=kf]=sf=nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] ;f] df df=kf]=sf=n] cWoog, ljZn]if0f, 5fgljg u/L lg0f{odf k'Ug] / gfkL zfvfnfO{ cfb]z lbg] Pjd fkL zfvfn] ;f] lg0f{osf] sfofGjog ug]{ _

v_ ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ hUufsf] ljleGg lgsfoaf6 lwtf] jGws, /f]Ssf /xg ;Sg] tyf t]/f] d]/f]df ljjfb /xg ;Sg] cj:yf x'G5 .

u_ df=kf]=sf=af6 gfkLdf hUuf ;|]:tf ;DaGwdf ePsf lg0f{oaf6 s'g} hl6n lsl;dsf] q'l6x¿ ePsf] hfgsf/L x'g cfPdf tTsfn ;f] af/] dfnkf]t k|d'vnfO{ ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fO{ cfjZos ;dGjo tyf oyf{y ljj/0f ;d]tsf] ;'emfj lbO{ q'l6 ;Rofpg gfkL zfvfn] kxn ug]{ .

%=@^=!)= gfkL zfvfsf] bfloTj / st{JoM– dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 n]lv cfPsf] cfb]z adf]lhd ljj/0f pNn]v u/L k7fpg] kg]{

gfkL zfvfsf] bfloTj / st{Jo x'g]5 . km/s gkg]{ u/L ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg], Joxf]/f le8fpg] gfkL zfvfsf] lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .

%=@^=!!= cfb]z ug]{n] ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kg]{ s'/f M– ljj/0f dfu ubf{, le8fpg], k7fpFbf ;DalGwt ljifo;Fu ;DaGw ePsf] x'g'kb{5 .

%=@& df]7 cWofjlws /fVg' kg]{ Joj:yf / sfo{ljlwM– dfnkf]t sfof{nodf /xg] df]7x¿df xfn;fljs cWofjlws gx'Fbf ;|]:tf bf]xf]/f] kg{ ;Sg] / ;fljs ;|]:tfsf] b'¿kof]u x'g ;Sg] x'Fbf To:tf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug{sf lgldQ b]xfo adf]lhd ul//fVg' kb{5 M– s_ 5'6 hUuf btf{ ePkl5 s'g nut le8fO{ hUuf btf{ ePsf] xf], ;f]xL nutdf hgfO{

;fljs df]7 clen]v cWofjlws ug{sf nflu sfof{nosf] hUuf btf{ kmfF6n] ;fljs nut kmfF6nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kb{5 / ;fljs nut kmfF6n] klg n]vL cfPadf]lhd ld=g+=, h=w=, ls=g+= / ldlt ;d]tsf] ljj/0f v'Ng] u/L hgfO{ /fVg'kb{5 .

v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ ;|]:tf ePsf] hUufsf] ;|]:tf ;d]t cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 .

u_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] hUuf s'g} klg ;/sf/L lgsfo, wfld{s tyf ;fdflhs ;ª\3 ;+:yf cflbnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o ;d]tn] btf{ x'g] ePdf To:tf] lgsfosf] gfddf btf{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf gfdsf] df]7 vf/]h ug'{kb{5 . s'g} lsQfdf dWo] eGg] /x]5 eg] ls=sf= u/L afFsL lsQf g]kfn ;/sf/s} gfddf s}lkmot Joxf]/f vf]nL sfod ug'{kb{5 .

3_ ;/sf/L hUufsf] ef]uflwsf/ pknAw u/fpg] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o eO{ ;f] lg0f{o adf]lhd ef]uflwsf/ lbg'kbf{ ;l;d lsQfsf] xsdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;|]:tfaf6 cnUu} ;|]:tf v8f u/L jf ;f] ;|]:tf vf/]h u/L ef]uflwsf/ ;DaGwL ;|]:tfdf sfod ug'{kb{5 . dWo] /x]5 eg] afFsL g]kfn ;/sf/s} gfddf sfod ug'{kb{5 .


ª_ k'gM gfkL eO{ ;|]:tf dfnkf]t sfof{nodf a'emfO;s]sf] cj:yfdf uf]Zjf/f sfof{noaf6 ljt/0f ePsf] k"hf{sf] xsdf sf/f]jf/sf lgldQ k]; x'g cfpFbf ;DalGwt df]7jfnfn] g} ;fljs ;|]:tfdf s}lkmot Joxf]/f hgfpg] / To:tf] Joxf]/f clws[t sd{rf/Lx¿af6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ /fVg'kb{5 .

r_ k'gM gfkL gS;f adf]lhd gfkL uf]Zjf/faf6 k"hf{ ljt/0f eO{ g;s]sf] xsdf klg ;fljs ;|]:tfdf s}lkmot Joxf]/f hgfO{ k|dfl0ft u/L ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug'{kb{5 .

5_ lt/f] nfu]sf] jf gnfu]sf] h];'s} ePklg cfkm\gf] Onfsf leqsf] hUufsf] ;|]:tf cWofjlws ug]{ sfo{ dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] bfloTj leq kg]{ ePsfn] ;f]xL cg';f/sf] df]7 ;|]:tf cWofjlws u/L /fVg' kb{5 .

%=@* dfnkf]t sfof{nodf /xg] kmf“6x¿sf] ljj/0fM– dfnkf]t sfof{nox¿df lgDg adf]lhdsf kmfF6x¿ /xg] Joj:yf 5 . s_ d"n btf{ – rnfgL kmfF6 v_ k|zf;g kmfF6 u_ n]vf kmfF6 3_ lhG;L kmfF6 ª_ df]7 kmfF6 r_ d'2f kmfF6 5_ /lh:6«];g kmfF6 h_ tfd]nL kmfF6 em_ /f]Ssf kmfF6 `_ ;f]wk'5 kmfF6 (Inquiry) 6_ u'7L kmfF6 7_ xfn ;fljs kmfF6 8_ e"ld;'wf/ kmfF6

%=@( lhDd]jf/L x'g]M– o; sfo{ljlwdf kmfF6jfnfn] ug]{ egL tf]lsPsf k|lqmof / k|s/0fx¿df kmfF6jfnfaf6 le8fPsf ljj/0fx¿ ;|]:tf tyf clen]vdf ePsf] ljj/0f eGbf unt eO{ km/s kg{ uO{ lg0f{odf km/s kg{ uPdf ljj/0f le8fpg] ;DalGwt kmfF6jfnf sd{rf/Lg} hjfkmb]xL x'g' kg]{5 . / lg0f{o stf{ hjfkmb]xL x'g]5}g .

%=#) gi6 ePsf] ;|]:tf tof/ ug]{M– -g]kfn ;/sf/ -ljefuLo dGqL:t/Lo_ sf] ldlt @)%*.*.!$ sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd

ljefusf] k=;+= h=l6=!&!÷)%*.)%( r=g+= $!# ldlt @)%*.*.!* sf] kl/kq_ %=#)=! gi6 ePsf] hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf tof/ ug]{ M–

;|]:tf tof/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf sfof{non] lgDg cfwf/x¿ lnO{ >];tf tof/ ub}{ n}hfg' kb{5 . s_ hUufwgL;Fu ePsf] hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ lvlr ;f]nfO{ ;|]:tf sfod ug]{ /

lghx¿nfO{ k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk tof/ u/L pknAw u/fpg] . v_ gfkLzfvfdf /x]sf] lkmN8a's tyf Kn6/lh:6/nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL -s_ adf]lhd x'g

g;s]sf] xsdf ;|]:tf tof/ ub}{ n}hfg] . u_ -s_ / -v_ df plNnlvt Joj:yf adf]lhd ubf{ klg Plsg x'g g;Sg] s]zx¿df

uf=lj=;= tyf g=kf=x¿df /x]sf] rfn" dfnkf]t nut / dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] /l;bnfO{ cfwf/dflg ;|]:tf tof/ ug]{ .

3_ plNnlvt -s_ b]lv -u_ ;Ddsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd ubf{ klg ;|]:tf sfod ug{ låljlwf k/]df sfof{nodf /x]sf] lnvt k|lt jf lnvt /lh:6«];g lstfa h] 5 ;f]nfO{ ;d]t cfwf/ lng] .


ª_ o;/L sfod ul/g] ;|]:tfx¿sf] xsdf lg0f{odf k'Ug cem} yk s]xL a'em]kl5 dfq Plsg x'g ;lsg] eGg] sfof{nonfO{ nfu]df :yflgo lgsfoaf6 xs ef]usf] l;kmfl/; ;d]t k|fKt ug]{ .

r_ o; k|sf/n] ;|]:tf sfd ubf{ klg ;d:of xn x'g g;Sg] b]lvPdf kq klqsf tyf /]l8of]sf] dfWodåf/f ;j{ ;fwf/0fnfO{ ;"rgf u/L cfjZos sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fpg] .

%=#)=@ gi6 ePsf] /f]Ssf nut ;DaGwdfM– gi6 ePsf] /f]Ssf clen]vnfO{ cWofjlws ug{ lgDg k|lqmof ckgfO{ sf/jfxL c7f8L

a9fpg] . s_ /f]Ssf /fVg] ljlQo lgsfo, k|zf;lgs lgsfo tyf Goflos lgsfofx¿nfO{ /f]Ssf

/flvPsf] crn ;Dkltsf] ljj/0f pknAw u/fO{lbg kqfrf/ ug]{ / pknAw ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df /f]Ssf lstfa tof/ ug]{ .

v_ sfof{nosf] s'g} klg clen]vaf6 /f]Ssf /x]sf] ljj/0f v'Ng cfPdf ;f]nfO{ ;d]t cfwf/ lnO{ clen]v tof/ ug]{ .

u_ k|efljt lhNnfsf] /f]Ssf nut ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nonfO{ pknAw uf/O{ lbg ;fxof]u ug{ /f]Ssf /fVg] s]lGb|o lgsfox¿, ljleGg ljlQo lgsfox¿, ljleGg ljlQo ;+:yfg, cfof]u, lj=k|=lj=/ ;xsf/L ljefu cflbnfO{ ljefuaf6 cg'/f]w ug]{ .

%=#)=# gi6 ePsf] kfl/t lnvt ;DaGwdfM– s_ JolQm;Fu ePsf] lnvtnfO{ lvlr sfof{no k|lt sfdo ug]{ / JolQmnfO{ ;f]sf]

k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk pknAw u/fpg] . v_ o;/L clen]v sfod ubf{ JolQm;Fu ePsf] lnvtdf s'g} c+s cIf/ yk36 eP

gePsf] sfof{no k|d'vaf6 cfjZos 5fgljg u/L dfq sfod ug]{ . %=#)=$ gi6 ePsf] ldl;n ;DaGwdfM–

s_ tfd]nL ldl;n /x]5 eg] ;f];Dk"0f{ ldl;n v8f ug{ ;Dej gx'g] x'Fbf /fo lstfa /x]5 eg] ;f] cfwf/df 5'§} clen]v tof/ u/L /fVg] .

v_ /fo lstfa tyf ldl;n 8fo/l lstfa klg gePdf sfof{nosf] s'g} clen]vaf6 v'Ng] /x]5 eg] ;Dk"0f{ Joxf]/f v'Ng] u/L s}lkmot ljj/0f tof/ u/L /fVg] .

u_ rfn" ldl;nx¿ gi6 ePsf] cj:yf /x]5 eg] ;DalGwt lgj]bs;Fu ;Dks{ u/L lgh;Fu ePsf] k|df0f sfuhsf] ;fy} lgj]bg ;d]t lnO{ ldl;n 8fo/L lstfasf] cfwf/df ldl;n v8f ug]{ .

3_ -u_ adf]lhd ldl;n v8f ubf{ klg 8fo/L lstfasf] cefjdf ldl;n v8f ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf eP sfof{nodf /x]sf] cGo clen]vx¿af6 klg ldl;n v8f ug]{ cfwf/ lng] .

%=#)=%= lnvt kfl/t ug]{ ;DaGwdfM– s_ /f]Ssf clen]v / df]7 ljj/0f gle8] ;Dd lnvt kfl/t ug{ gldNg] x'Fbf lnvt

kfl/t ug{ cfpg] JolQmsf] k"hf{nfO{ ;|]:tf sfod ul/;s] kl5 /f]Ssf /x] g/x]sf] ;DaGwdf sfof{noaf6 tof/ ul/Psf] /f]Ssf clen]vsf] cfwf/df /f]Ssf le8fO{ C0fL wgL b'j}nfO{ /f]Ssf 5}g eGg] ;d]t ;gfvt u/fO{ dfq lnvt kfl/t ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .


v_ -s_ adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf /x]5 eg] C0fL wgL b'j}nfO{ ;d:ofsf] af]w u/fO{ ;DemfO{ a'emfO{ ug]{ tkm{ sfof{no k|d'vn] ljz]if dxn ug]{ .

u_ df]7 / /f]Ssfsf] Plsg geO{sg lnvt kfl/t ug'{ x'b}g o:tf] cj:yfdf df}sfsf] kmfObf lng gLlxt :jfy{ ePsf JolQmx¿af6 ljz]if kxn x'g ;Sg] tkm{ klg sfof{no ;r]t /xg' kb{5 .

3_ sfof{noaf6 df]7 ;|]:tf tyf /f]Ssf nut tof/ ubf{ e"naf6 unt ;|]:tf tof/ x'g uPdf e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefusf] ;xdlt lnO{ jb/ ug]{ .

%=#)=^= Iflt ePsf] ejg tyf kmlg{r/ ;DaGwdfM– s_ sfof{no ;~rfng ug{ gx'g] u/L ejg Wj:t ePsf] /x]5 eg] t'?Gt csf]{ 3/

ef8fdf lnO{ sfo{ ;~rfngsf] Joj:yf sfof{no k|d'vn] ldnfpg] . v_ ;fdfGo dd{t ;'wf/ x'g ;Sg] ejgsf] xsdf lhNnfl:yt ejg tyf zx/L ljsf;

sfof{no;Fu ;Dks{ / ;dGjo u/L cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg] . ;f] x'g g;s]sdf Oli6d]6 tof/ u/L cg'dflgt /sd lgsf;fsf nflu ljefu;Fu kqfrf/ ug]{ .

u_ kmlg{r/x¿ dd{t of]Uo ePdf dd{tnfO{ k|yfldstflbO{ dd{t ug{] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

3_ dd{t x'g g;Sg] kmlg{r/x¿sf] xsdf Go"gtd s] slt /sd cfjZos kb{5, k'i6\ofO{ ;lxt /sd lgsfzfsf nflu ljefu;Fu kqfrf/ ug]{ .

ª_ kmlg{r/x¿sf] cfjZos Joj:yfkg ldnfpg' kbf{ ldtJooLtf ;d]tnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL :yflgo lgsfox¿ g=kf= / lh=lj=;=;Fu klg s]xL ;xof]u lng] tkm{ sfof{no k|d'vn] kxn ug]{ .

%=#! gi6 ePsf] ;|]:tf cwfjlws ug]{M– -ljefusf] k=;+= of]=l6=(÷)%(.)^)÷!)@! ldlt )%(.!!.!( sf] kq_

%=#!=!= uf=lj=;=df dfnkf]t nut klg gePsf] JolQmn] h=w=k|=k"hf{ x/fPsf] jf lwtf] jGws /fVg] lgsfoaf6 k"hf{ gi6 ePsf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd ug]{ M– s_ JolQm;Fu ePsf] ljut ;fnsf] dfnkf]t /l;bsf] cfwf/df uf=lj=;=n] plNnlvt

hUuf lghsf] xs / ef]usf] xf] jf xf]Og eGg] ;DaGwdf ;h{dLg ;d]tsf h] hf] a'em\g' kg]{ a'emL olsg u/L ls6fgL l;kmfl/; ug{ elg ;DalGwt uf=lj=;=x¿nfO{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt dfkm{t kl/kq ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

v_ uf=lj=;=af6 l;kmfl/; eOcfPkl5 ;f] Joxf]/f lkmN8a's;Fu le8fpg] nfufotsf sfo{x¿ ;DkGg u/L >];tf sfo u/L ;f]sf] k|ltlnlk ;DalGwt hUufwgLnfO{ pknAw u/fpg] o:tf] sfo{ ubf{ btf{ afFsL hUufsf] klg l;kmfl/; cfpg ;Sg] x'Fbf To; tkm{ sfof{non] lkmN8a's le8fO{ Plsg ug]{ .

u_ sfod ul/Psf] ;|]:tf cg';f/sf] dfnkf]t nut sfod ug{ ;DalGwt g=kf=÷ uf=lj=;=nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] .

%=#!=@= gfkL uf]Zjf/faf6 k"hf{ ljt/0f x'g cufj} lnvt kfl/t eO{ bf=vf= af“sL ePsf] cj:yfsf] ;DaGwdfM– s_ ;j{k|yd ljefusf] k=;+= h=l6= !&!.)%*.)%( r=g++= $!# ldlt @)%*.*.!* sf]

kl/kqsf] l;=g+= # df plNnlvt eP adf]lhd u/L lnvtsf] tfd]nL k|lt v8f ug]{ .


v_ tfd]nL k|lt v8f ePkl5 df]7, /f]Ssf, tfd]nL cflb le8fO{ d'n'sL P]g h=k=sf] @-s_ cg';f/ bf=vf= sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ .

u_ olb tfd]nL lnvt / JolQm;Fu /xg] lnvt ;d]t g/x]sf] jf ldl;n ;fd]n eO{gi6 ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] hUufsf] ;fljs h=w=-kmN8a's tx;Dd_ ;d]t a'emL Plsg u/L l;kmfl/; / ;h{dLg ;d]tsf cfwf/df bf=vf= lg0f{o ug]{ .

%=#@= hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf v8f ug]{ ;DaGwdfM– -g]kfn ;/sf/ -/f=dGqL:t/Lo_sf] ldlt @)%(.@.^ sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ljefusf] k=;+= )%*.)%( of] @!% ldlt @)%(.@.^ sf] kl/kq cg';f/_ hUuf k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfof{nodf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ clen]vx¿ gi6 eO{ xfn s'g} klg clen]v afFsL gePsfn] k'gM gfd gS;f u/fO{ ;|]:tf tof/ ug{ clt pQd pkfo 'xg ;s5 tfklg jt{dfg cj:yfdf b]lvPsf] zflGt ;'/Iffsf] cj:yfn] ubf{ lkmN8df ufO{ gfk gS;f ug]{ u/fpg] sfd Ps hl6n sfo{ x'g] ePsfn] / gfk gS;f u/fpbf nfdf] ;do nfUg ;Sg] ePsfn] tTsfn ;|]:tf clen]v tof/ u/L ;j{ ;fwf/0fsf] Jojxf/ ;~rfng ug{ lgDg cg';f/ ug{ pko'Qm b]lvG5 . s_ k|To]s ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf /x]sf dfnkf]t c;'nL nutsf] ! k|lt kmf]6f]skL u/L

sfof{nodf ;'/lIft ;fy /fVg] sfo{ tTsfn ug]{ . v_ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt dfkm{t Jofks k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{ hUufwgL;Fu

/x]sf] hUufwgL btf{ k|df0fk"hf{ / dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] /l;b sfof{nodf k]; ug{sf lgldQ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L ug]{ .

u_ hUufwgLx¿af6 k]; x'g cfpsf] k"hf{nfO{ dfnkf]t c;'nL nut;Fu le8fpFbf le8]df pQm k"hf{nfO{ ;|]:tf sfod u/L lbO{ gle8]sf] cj:yfdf jf uf=lj=;=af6 nut k|fKt ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf :yflgo lgsfoaf6 xs, ef]usf] l;kmfl/; k]; ug{ nufO{ k"hf{nfO{ ;|]:tf sfod ug]{ / o;/L sfod ePsf] ;|]:tfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ;DalGwt hUufwgLnfO{ pknAw u/fpg] .

3_ dfly pNn]v eP cg';f/ tof/ ePsf ;|]:tfx¿ jfO{08Lª 7]nL jgfpg' kbf{ hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* n] u/]sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd ug]{ .

%=## hUufsf] xs x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwdfM– dfly bkmf %=#@ df pNn]v eP cg';f/ tof/ x'g cfpsf] hUufsf] xs x:tfGt0f x'g

jf cGo sf/f]jf/sf lgldQ k]; x'g cfPdf lgDg cg';f/ ug]{ . s_ ;l;d lsQf laqmL ug{ cfPdf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k'/f u/L lnvt

kfl/t u/L bf=vf= ;d]t u/L lbg] . v_ s'g} lsQf dWo] s]xL If]qkmn dfq xs x:tfGt/0f ug]{ u/L lnvt k]; x'g cfPdf

plNnlvt lsQf dWo] If]qkmn / tkm{ :ki6 pNn]v ug{ nufpg] . o;/L kfl/t x'g lnlvtdf gS;fdf lsQf sf6 ug{ gS;f gePsf] sf/0faf6 g;lsg] ePsfn] C0fL÷wgL b'j}sf] gfpFdf tof/ x'g] hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf Pjd\ k|df0f k"hf{df ;fljs lsQf g} pNn]v u/L tkm{ / If]qkmn vf]nL bf=vf= u/L lbg] / ls=sf= ug'{kg]{ lnvtsf] dfq 5'§} /lh:6/ ;d]t v8f u/L /fVg] .

u_ xs–x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL ljifodf s'g} yk ;d:of cfO k/]df t'?Gt ljefu;Fu lgb]{zg dfu ug]{ .


%=#$ sfof{no ;~rfng ;DaGwL clen]v tof/ ug]{ . sfof{no ;~rfngsf lgldQ lgDg cg';f/sf] k|lqmofaf6 clen]v tof/ u/L ;se/ rfF8f] sfof{no ;~rfng ug]{ .

%=#$=!= sd{rf/L ;DaGwL clen]vM– s_ sfof{nodf /x]sf b/jGbLsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] clen]v tof/ ubf{ sd{rf/L;Fu /x]sf]

lgo'QmL, ;?jf, j9'jf, sfh cflb sfuhkqx¿sf] k|ltlnlk lnO{ JolQmut kmfOn v8f ug]{ . o;/L kmfOn v8f ubf{ ljefusf] sd{rf/L k|zf;g zfvfdf /x]sf] clen]vaf6 klg s]xL sfuhkqx¿sf] k|ltlnlk pknAw ug{ ;lsG5 .

v_ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xflh/L lstfa tof/ u/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sfof{nodf xflh/ ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

u_ sd{rf/L k|zf;g ;DaGwL cGo kmfOnx¿ v8f ug]{ . %=#$=@= hUuf k|zf;g;“u ;DalGwt kmf/fdx¿M–

s_ /lh:6«];g btf{ lstfa, bfv]n vf/]h l6kf]6, /f]Ssf lstfa, nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ kmf/fdx¿sf] gd'gf glhssf] lhNnf dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 k|fKt u/L ;f]sf] 5kfO{ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

v_ kmf/fdx¿sf] gd'gf hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* af6 klg lng ;lsG5 ;f] lgb]{lzsf pknAw gePdf kmf/fx/ dfq glhssf] lhNnfaf6 k|fKt ug]{ .

u_ k|ult ;DaGwL kmf/fdx¿ ljefuaf6 klg k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 ;f] gePdf glhssf] lhNnfaf6 k|fKt ug]{ .

%=#$=#= n]vf ;DaGwL clen]vM– s_ n]vf ;DaGwL gofF clen]v v8f ug'{kg]{ ePsf]nf] n]vf ;DaGwL kmf/fdx¿sf] gd'gf

sf]=n]=lg=sf=af6 k|fKt u/L t'?Gt} 5kfpg] jf vl/b ug]{ . v_ n]vf ;DaGwL cfDbfgL, vr{ w/f}6L, a]?h' h:tf clen]v sf]=n]=lg=sf=af6 k|fKt

ug]{ . s]xL c:ki6 ePdf ljefusf] n]vf zfvfaf6 klg cfjZos lgb]{zg jf clen]v k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 .

%=#$=$= kmlg{r/ tyf sfof{no ;fdfgM– s_ sfof{no ;~rfngsf] cfjZos kg]{ kmlg{r/x¿ ahf/af6 l;w} vl/b u/L cfk"lt{sf]

Joj:yf ldnfpg] . v_ sfof{no ;fdfgsf] xsdf tTsfnnfO{ geO{ gx'g] ;fdfg dfq ahf/ vl/b u/L sfo{

;~rfng ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] . %=#$=%= sfof{no ejg ;DaGwdfM–

s_ sfof{nosf] sfo{ k|s[lt, Pjd\ sfo{ af]emnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL sfof{nonfO{ pko'Qm x'g] 3/ ef8fdf lng ;"rgf k|sflzt ug]{ .

v_ /]06 sldl6sf] a}7s a;fnL 3/ ef8fdf lng] o;/L lng] 3/ ;'/Iffsf] b[li6sf]0fsf] klg pko'Qm :yfgnfO{ /f]Hg] .

u_ lglgof]lht /sdsf] 3/ ef8f gk'u x'g] ePdf ljefu;Fu /sd lgsfzfsf nflu kqfrf/ ug]{ .

%=#% gof“ hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ nfu" ug]{ M– -g]kfn ;/sf/ -dGqLkl/ifb\_sf] ldlt @)^).^.@( sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ljefusf] k=;+= )^).)^! r=g+= @(%^ ldlt @)^).!).!% sf] kl/kq adf]lhd @)^).!!.! af6 nfu" x'g] u/L_


s_ gofF 9fFrfsf] hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ csf]{ Joj:yf geP;Ddsf nflu ljefuaf6 pknAw u/fO{g] 5 .

v_ tTsfn} ;a} hUufwgLx¿nfO{ Ps}k6s gofF 9fFrfsf] hUufwgL k|df0fk"hf{ pknAw u/fpg ufx|f] x'G5 . t;y{ sfof{nodf xs x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ cfpg]nfO{ clgjfo{ ¿kdf gofF hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ pknAw u/fpFb} hfg] .

u_ s'g} JolQmn] ;fljsdf gofF 9fFrfsf] hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ lnO{ ;s]sf] /x]5 eg] lghnfO{ kl5 hg';'s} Joxf]/faf6 hUuf k|fKt x'g cfP klg k|fKt x'g] hUufsf] ljj/0f klxn]s} k"hf{df -/ftf] k"hf{_ r9fO{ lbg] .

3_ s'g} JolQmn] gofF 9fFrfsf] hUufwgL k|df0f k"hf{ kfpmF egL dfu u/]df klg ;fljssf] k"hf{ lvrL gofF 9fFrfsf] k"hf{ lbg] .

ª_ s'g} JolQmn] k'/fgf] k"hf{ x/fPsf] elg gofF 9fFrfsf] k"hf{ dfu u/]df :yfgLo lgsfosf] l;kmfl/;, gful/stf k|df0fkq ;d]t x]/L jf:tjljs hUufwgL xf] jf xf]Og olsg u/L gofF 9fFrfsf] k"hf{ lbg] .

r_ 5'6 hUuf btf{, gfd;f/L, lnvt kfl/t, bf=vf= cflb af6 k|fKt x'g] hUuf afx]s cGo hUuf 5 of 5}g < eP k"hf{ s] s:tf] k|sf/sf] 5 < gofF 9fFrfsf] eP ;f]xL k"hf{df / k'/fgf] eP ;f] ;d]t lvrL gofF 9fFrfsf] k|df0f k"hf{ lbg] .

5_ ;fljssf] k"hf{df s]xL gfd, y/ gldn]sf] cj:yf /x]5 eg] klg dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf &-#_ cg';f/ u/L ;+zf]wg lg0f{o ePkl5 gofF 9fFrfsf] k"hf{ tof/ ul/lbg] .

h_ hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= cg';f/ /xg] x'gfn] kl5 hUufwgL ;+s]t gDa/ sfod ePsf jvt dfq Ps JolQmsf] hlt;'s} uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= df hUuf eP klg Pp6} ;|]:tf agfpg ;lsg] x'Fbf o; cufl8 Ps} JolQmsf] cnu cnu ;|]:tf /x]5 eg] klg Plss[t u/L Pp6f uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= sf] Pp6} ;|]:tf dfq sfod ug]{ .

em_ s'g} Ps uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= PseGbf a9L ;|]:tf tof/ eO{ /x]sf]df Plss[t ug]{ ;DaGwdf k"j{ kl/kq cg';f/ ug]{ .

%=#^ gof“ 9f“rfsf] k"hf{sf] laqmL ug]{ M– s_ gofF 9fFrfsf] hUufwgL k"hf{sf] k|lt ?= @%.– kRrL; /l;b -d=n]=km=g+=!!_ sf6L

laqmL ug]{ . v_ gofF 9fFrfsf] hUufwgL k"hf{ slt k|fKt ePsf] xf] ;f] cfDbfgL afFwL dlxgf dlxgfdf

slt vr{ eof] ;f] sf] k|ult ljefusf] cfGtl/s Joj:yf zfvfdf k7fpg] . u_ k"hf{ laqmLaf6 k|fKt /sd /fhZjdf a}ª\s bflvnf u/L ;f] sf] k|ult ljefudf

k7fpg] . o;/L k|ult k7fpFbf k|lt k"hf{ ?= @%.– kRrL;sf b/n] vr{ ePsf] k"hf{sf] /sd a}ª\s bflvnf ePsf] k|df0f k|ult ;fy ;+nUg x'g' kg]{ .

3_ k"hf{ laqmL ug]{ sfo{ sfof{no k|d'vn] lhG;L x]g]{ vl/bf/ jf pko'Qm s'g} Ps sd{rf/LnfO{ lhDdf lbO{ sfo{ ;~rfng ug]{ .

%=#* hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* adf]lhd x'g]M– k|:t't sfo{ljlwdf k/]sf afx]s cGo Joj:yf hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* df pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .


%=#( e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefun] lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg] M– hUuf k|zf;g;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} klg ljifodf k|rlnt sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL dfnkf]t

sfof{nox¿nfO{ lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg] 5 . %=$) sfo{ljlwsf] kfngf ug'{kg]{ M– k|rlnt P]g, lgod / hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf @)%* sf] clwgdf /xL ul/g] sfd

sf/jfxLsf] l;nl;nfdf of] sfo{ ljlwsf] kl/kfngf ug]{ sfd ;Dj4 ;a}ª\sf] x'g]5 . %=$! em'¶f ljj/0f k]; ug]{nfO{ hl/jfgf x'g] M– dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 ;Dkfbg x'g] sfddf k]; ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx¿ e/ ljj/0f e¶f lbO{

unt 9+un] unt lg0f{o u/fPdf dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf @(-s_ adf]lhd b08 hl/jfgf x'g]5 .

%=$@ afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] M– sfo{ljlwdf plNnlvt ljifox¿df låljwf pTkGg x'g cfPdf ;f]sf] jfwf c8\sfp pTkGg x'g cfPdf ;f] jfwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] clwsf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefusf] x'g]5 .

%=$# lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]M– e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg] . %=$$ aflemPdf ug]{ M–

k|:t't sfo{ljlwdf plNnlvt Joj:yf k|rlnt P]g, lgod Pjd\ lgb]{lzsf;Fu aflemPsf] xsdf aflemP hlt :jtM cdfGo x'g]5 .

%=$% hUuf k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf @)%* adf]lhd x'g] dfly bkmf bkmfdf pNn]v u/] afx]s cGo s'/fx¿sf] xsdf k|rlnt sfg'g, hUuf

k|zf;g lgb]{lzsf, @)%* / ljefuaf6 k|]lift kl/kq adf]lhd x'g]5 . ljefluo kl/kqsf] xsdf ljefuaf6 k|sflzt lgb]{lzsf / sfo{ljlw nfu" x'g]

eGbf cl3 ePsf kl/kqx¿af6 lgb]{lzsf jf sfo{ljlwdf ePsf s'/fx¿ jflemPdf lgb]{lzsf jf sfo{ljlwdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd ug]{ / oL lgb]{lzsf jf sfo{ljlw nfu" ePkl5 ePsf kl/kqx¿sf] xsdf kl/kq adf]lhd ug]{ .

%=$^ sfof{no k|d'vsf] bfloTj M– o; lgb]{lzsfdf ;DalGwt kmfF6df sfo{/t kmfF6jfn sd{rf/L jf dftxtsf

clws[tx¿af6 ;DalGwt ldl;n, lgj]bg, sfuhft pk/ ;dodf k|df0f ;ª\sng ug]{, kIf ljkIfnfO{ tf/]v tf]Sg], k];Ldf r9fpg], lg0f{o u/fpg], lg0f{o ePsf ldl;n sfof{Gjog u/fpg], ldl;n ;DalGwt 7fpFdf a'emfpg], a'emL lng] sfo{ eP gePsf] ljifodf ;fKtfxLs jf dfl;s ¿kdf sfof{no k|d'vn] lg/LIf0f u/L clen]v /fVg], / :6fkm ld6LËdf 5nkmn ug]{ Joj:yf clgjfo{ ¿kdf ug'{kg]{5 .


kmf/fd g+= 1

lgj]bgsf] 9f“rf

kmf/fd g+=M– ! >Ldfg sfof{no k|d'vHo", dfnkf]t sfof{no, ======================

ljifoM– hUuf btf{÷gf=;f=÷ bf=vf= .

lgj]bg lgj]bs

n] e

g] adf]lh

d d

÷cfkm}n

] n]v]sf] x'F e

gL ;xL u

g]{ ============================ k|= kq g+= =========

pko'{Qm ;DaGwdf tkl;ndf plNnlvt hUuf btf{÷gf=;f=÷ bf=vf= . btf{ ug{ afFsL /x]sfn] lgDg k|df0fx¿ le8fO{ ================== gftfsf] ====================== sf] gfdaf6 d]/f]÷xfd|f] gfddf Psnf}6L÷;+o'Qm÷gf=;f=÷bf=vf= btf{ u/L kfpmF egL ?= %.– sf] l6s6 6fF;L of] lgjb]g u/]sf] 5'÷5f}F . Joxf]/f ;fFrf] xf] em'¶f 7x/] sfg'g adf]lhd ;x'Fnf, a'emfpFnf . dfu bfaLsf] hUufsf] ljj/0f ;fljs btf{sf] Joxf]/f v'nfpg] -lkmN8a'ssf] Joxf]/f ;lxt_ lgj]bg;fy ;+nUg k|df0fx¿M– != hUuf /x]sf] :yfgLo lgsfosf] ls6fgL l;kmfl/; -;Ssn}_ ============================= ! @= gftf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk ================================================================= ! #= gful/stfsf] k|df0f–kqsf] k|ltlnlk ====================================================== ! $= d[To' btf{ k|df0f–kqsf] k|ltlnlk ======================================================= ! %= lkmN8a'ssf] ptf/ =========================================================================== ! ^= ;fljs btf{ ptf/ ======================================================================= ! &= ;fljs /l;bsf] gSsn, dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] /l;bsf] gSsn ================ ! *= & g+= kmfF6af/Lsf] gSsn ============================================================ ! (= gS;f lk|G6 ========================================================================== ! !)= xsef]usf] cGo k|df0f eP ;f] ;d]t =========================================== !

dfly k]; u/]sf ;a} sfuh k|df0f d}n]÷xfdLn] k]; u/]sf] xf] . oL s'g} sfuh k|df0f gSsnL jf lst]{ eP÷7x/] o:sf] ;a} lhDd]jf/L d÷xfdLn] lng] 5'÷5f}F .

lgj]bs ===========sf] gftL÷gftLgL÷j'xf/L==== == ========sf] 5f]/f÷5f]/L÷>LdtL ===== ========= j:g] jif{==== sf] ====================

Olt ;Dat @) ================ ;fn ===========dlxgf ============== ut] /f]h ===============z'ed\ ========


kmf/fd g+= 2

;fj{hlgs ;"rgfsf] 9f“rf dfnkf]t sfof{no ================= af6 k|sflzt xsbfaL ;DaGwL ========== lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ================= sf] gftL÷gftLgL÷j'xf/L ================== sf] 5f]/f÷5f]/L÷ >LdtL ============== lhNnf ================= gf=kf=÷uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ====== j:g] jif{ ====== sf] ================= n] tkl;ndf plNnlvt hUuf÷3/hUuf d]/f] ================= gftfsf] ==================== sf gfdsf] ;fljs btf{ nut le8fO{ ================== sf gfdaf6 d]/f gfddf gf=;f=÷bf=vf=÷btf{ u/L kfpmF elg b=g+= ======= ldlt ============ sf] lgj]bgaf6 dfu bfaL u/]sfn] dfu adf]lhd lgj]bssf gfddf gf=;f=÷bf=vf=÷btf{ ug{ gldNg] s'g} sf/0f eP jf cGo s;}sf] xsbfaL nfUg] eP jf ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs ;Dkltsf] gf]S;fgL x'g] eP 7f]; ;a't k|df0f ;lxt of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf]÷6fF; ePsf] ldltn] af6fsf] Dofb afx]s ================ lbg leq o; sfof{nodf ;–k|df0f bfaL ph'/ ug{ cfpg' xf]nf . ;"rgf ug'{ xf]nf . cGoyf sfg'g adf]lhd eO{ hfg] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}ª\sf nflu ;"lrt ul/G5 .

lgj]bsn] dfu bfaL u/]sf] 5f]6f] ljj/0f ;"rgf pk/ s;}sf] bfaL lj/f]w eP sf/jfxL cuf8L a9\g] 5f]6f] ljj/0f

cGo s'g} Joxf]/fn] -h:t}M ld=g+= le8]sf], km]nf gk/]sf], bf]xf]/f]bfaL, lkmN8a's tyf nutdf gfd y/ nufotsf_ ljj/0f km/s k/]sf] v'nfpgkg]{ eP v'nfpg] . Olt ;Dat @) ================ ;fn ===========dlxgf ============== ut] /f]h ===============z'ed\ ========

==================================== -clws[tsf] gfd, y/ / kb_


kmf/fd g+= 3

Dofbsf] gd'gf

dfnkf]t sfof{no ================= af6 hf/L ePsf] ============= lhNnf ==============g=kf=÷uf=lj=;= j8f g+= =========== j:g] ============================= sf] 5f]/f÷>LdtL ============================ sf] gfpFsf] -&÷!%÷@!÷#%_ lbg] Otnfogfdf÷Dofb pk|fGt =================== sf] gftL÷gfltgL =========================== sf] 5f]/f ======================== j:g] -lgj]bgsf pNn]v ePsf] ;+lIfKt Joxf]/f ls=g+= / ;fljs nutsf] Joxf]/f ;d]t pNn]v ug]{_ =================================n] hUuf btf{÷gfd;f/L÷bf=vf= dfu u/]sf] / o; sfof{nosf] ;|]:tf tyf lkmN8a's÷;fljs btf{÷;d]taf6 tkfOF{{nfO{ klg ;f] ;DaGwdf s]xL s'/f a'em\g' k/]sf]n] tkfO{Fsf gfpFdf of] ================== lbg] ;DdfJxfg hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . of] Dofb tkfOFn] kfPsf] jf sfg'g adf]lhd 6fF; ePsf] ldltn] af6fsf] Dofb afx]s ============= lbg leq 7f]; ;j'b k|df0f ;lxt cfkm\gf] bfaL lhls/ ug{ o; sfof{nodf cfpg' xf]nf jf sfg'g adf]lhd jf/]; d's// u/L k7fpg' xf]nf . cfkm" klg pkl:yt geO{ sfg'g adf]lhd jf/]z klg d's// u/L gk7fO{ Dofb u'hf/L j;]df sfg'gadf]lhd sf/jfxLsf] lsgf/f x'g]5 kl5 tkfO{sf] s'g} bfaL ph'/ gnfUg] Joxf]/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . Olt ;Djt @)===== ;fn ===== dlxgf ==== ut] /f]h ==== z'ed ===== .

tfd]nL ldlt M– s_ Dofbjfnfn] a'lemlnPsf]df o;} adf]lhd d]/f] gfpFdf hf/L ePsf] Ps k|lt Dofb / lgj]bg ph'/L . lkm/fb kqsf]

k|ltlnlk ;d]t b]xfosf ;fIfLx¿sf] /f]xjf/df d÷cfkm}n] xftdf a'emL lnPF egL ;lx5fk ug]{ ================

;fIfLM– v_ Dofbjfnfsf] Psf3/sf] hxfg kl/jf/n] a'lemlnPsf]df o; adf]lhdsf] Dofbjfnf dflg;n] Dofb a'em\g OGsf/ u/]sf]n] . km]nf gkbf{ lghsf]

gfpFsf] o;} adf]lhdsf] Ps k|lt Dofb / lgj]bg ph'/L . lkm/fbkqsf] k|ltlnlk ;d]t b]xfosf ;fIfLx¿sf] /f]xj/df a'lemlnPF egL ;xL5fk ug]{ Dofbjfnf ======== sf] Psf3/sf] ========= gftfsf] jif{ ===== sf] kmnfgf

;fIfLM–

u_ Dofbjfnfsf] 3/b}nf]df 6f“; ePsf]df Dofbjfnf ============================= / lghsf] Psf3/sf] pd]/ k'u]sf] nf]Ug] dflg; / :jf:gL

dflg; ;d]t 3/df km]nf gk/]sf] . a'em\g OGsf/ u/]sf]n] lghsf] gfpFsf] Dofb / lgj]bg ph'/L . lkm/fbkqsf] k|ltlnlk ;d]t xfdL b]xfosf ;fIfLsf /f]xj/df lghsf] 3/ b}nf]df ;a}n] b]Vg] u/L 6fF;L . uf=lj=;=÷g=kf============ j8fdf lbPsf] 7Ls 5 egL ;xL ug]{ xfdL b]xfosf dflg;x¿M–

;fIfLM–


3_ a]kQ] tfd]nL ePsf]df o;} adf]lhdsf] Dofbjfnf dflg; lghsf] 3/ ;d]t tnf; ubf{ km]nf gk/]sf]n] lghsf]

gfpFsf] Ps k|lt Dofb ;DalGwt j8fsf] ============== ufpF jf 6f]nsf] ;fj{hlgs 7fpF =============== k7fPsf 5f}F egL ;xL5fk ug]{ b]xfosf dflg;x¿M

;fIfLM–

pk/f]Qm adf]lhd xfdLx¿sf] /f]xj/df Dofb tfd]nL ePsf] 7Ls xf] egL ;xL ug]{ M– !_ ============== lhNnf =========== uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= j8f g+= =========== ufpF÷6f]n ======= j:g] =======

jif{ ==========sf >L ========================================================== @_ ============== lhNnf =========== uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= j8f g+= ========= ufpF÷6f]n ======= j:g] =========

jif{ =========== sf >L ===========================================================

/f]xj/ ========= lhNnf =========== uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= j8f g+= == sf ;b:o÷cWoIf÷pkfWoIf÷;lrj >L ==============

j]kQ]÷3/ b}nf]df 6f“; ePsf]df

o;} adf]lhdsf] Ps k|lt Dofb o; =============== uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= sf] sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf 6fF; ug{ bflvn eof] egL ;xL ug]{ ============================================================================= sfd tfd]n ug]{ ================== tfd]nbf/sf] gfd y/ / kb ;xLM -clws[tsf] gfd y/ / kb_ ldltM–

-gf]6M– Dofb tfd]n ubf{ ;fIfL sDtLdf @ hgf / /f]xj/df :yfgLo hgk|ltlglw clgjfo{ /fVg'

kb{5_


kmf/fd g+= 4 cg';"rL dufpg] kqsf] 9f“rf

>L e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no ===========================================

ljifoM 2 g+= cg';"rL ptf/ k&fO lbg] . 7 g+= kmf/fd ptf/ k&fOlbg] . pk/f]Qm ;DaGwdf hUuf btf{sf] l;nl;nfdf o; sfof{nonfO{ e'=;'= 7 g+=2 g+= cg';"rL cfjZos k/]sf]n] tkl;ndf plNnlvt JolQmsf] 7 g+=2 g+= cg';"rL txf¤ eP k&fO{ ;xof]u ug{ x'g cg'/f]w % .

tkl;n l;=g+= lgj]bssf] gfd y/ jtg afj' afh] s}lkmot

1=

2=

3=

4=

5=

-clws[tsf] gfd y/ / kb_


kmf/fd g+= 5

dfnkf]t P]g, 2034 sf] bkmf 7-2_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu ul&t ;ldlt

5'6 hUuf btf{sf nflu l;kmfl/; ubf{ eg'{kg]{ kmf/fd lgj]bg btf{ ldlt / btf{ g+=============== ldl;n g+= ============ ldlt ===========

1_ lgj]bgsf] ljj/)fM s_ gfd y/ jtg

-w]/} ePdf qmdz n]Vg]_

lgj]bssf] gfd y/ jtg afj' afh]

v_ gful/tfsf] ljj/)f gful/stf g+= k|=k=lbg] sfof{no gful/stfsf] ldlt lhNnf

2_ xsbf/n] btf{ gfd;f/L btf{ ug{ dfu ePsf]dfM ================================

s_ ;fljs btf{jfnfsf] gfd y/ jtgM ===========================================

v_ xsbf/ k|df)f =========================================================================

u_ k|df)faf^ b]lvPsf xsbf/sf] ljj/)f ==========================================

gftf gfdy/ jtg

#_ w]/} xsbf/ eO{ s]xLsf] gfddf btf{ ug{ dfu ePsf]df sYs:sf] gfddf btf{ x'g'kg]{, ;f] / c? xsbf/sf] dGh'/L % %}g eP s] s:tf] % v'nfpg] .

3_ /}s/df kl/)ft ubf{ eg'{ kg]{dfM lgj]bs hUuf wgL jf df]xL sf] xf] < ============================================ ljtf{jfnf sf] xf] < ====================================================================== s] s:tf] ljtf{ xf] < =====================================================================


4_ btf{ ug{ dfu ePsf] hUufsf] ljj/)f ;fljssf] ljj/)f

gfkL cg';f/sf] ljj/)f

df}hf /}=g+=

xf=g+= / kf]tf g+=

vnf If]qkmn

/fh u'&L, /}s/df, lghL u'&L, ljtf{ s] xf] <

uf=lj=;= g=kf=

j*f g+=

ls=g+= If]qkmn

:yfgLo gfk cg';f/

lj/x s}lkmot

5_ 7 g+= kmf¤^af/L ljj/)fdf pQm ;fljssf] ljj/)f le*\%, le*\b}g M—=====

================================================================================================== 6_ pQm hUuf btf{sf nflu s] s:tf] k|df)f k]; ePsf] %, ;f] ljj/)f ===

================================================================================================= 7_ ;fljs nutsf] hUuf dWo] slt btf{ x'g af¤sL % egL lgj]bgn] v'nfPsf] % <

============================================================================ 8_ xfn btf{ ug{ dfu ePsf] hUuf btf{sf nflu klxn] st} lgj]bg lbPsf] lyof],

lyPg lbPsf] eP s], s:tf] lg)f{o jf sf/jfO{ eof] lgj]bsn] v'nfPsf] % < ===========================================================================

9_ btf{ ug{ dfu ePsf] hUufsf] s'g ;fn ;Ddsf] dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] % / s'g ;fn b]lvsf] dfnkf]t a'emfpg af¤sL % egL lgj]bsn] v'nfPsf] % < w/f}^L /x]sf] eP s'g ;fn ;Ddsf] w/f}^L sxf¤ /x]sf] k|df)f s] k]; % < ============================ =========================================================

10_ sfof{nosf] ;|]:tf le*fPsf] ljj/)fM— s_ lkmN*a's ptf/lt/af^ b]lvPsf]

uf=lj=; g=kf=

j*f g+= l;^ g+=

ls=g+= If]qkmn hUufwgLsf] gfd y/

df]xLsf] gfd y/

gfkL ldlt

lkmN*j's k|dfl)ft ug]{

s}lkmot Joxf]/f

emu*f hgfPsf] %, %}g <


v_ cGo ;|]:tf le*fPsf]

uf=lj=;= g=kf=

j*f g+= ls=g+=

df]& ;|]:tfaf^ b]lvg] ljj/)f /f]Ssf b]lvG% b]lvGg

;fljs le*]sf] % %}g

c? sf/jfxLsf] jf d'@f rn]sf] b]lvG%,

b]lvGg

n'hl;^ le*}sf] %, %}g M— 11_ ;DalGwt uf=lj=;g=kf= l;kmfl/;sf] Joxf]/f ===================================

======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================

12_ ;h{dLg u/fPsf]df, ;h{dLgsf] egfO{ ============================================= =================================================================================================== =================================================================================================== 13_ :ynut lg/LIf)f ul/Psf]df :ynut lg/LIf)faf^ b]lvPsf] hUufsf] l:ylt =================================================================================================== =================================================================================================== 14_ lkmN*a'sdf b]lvPsf] hUuf wgL a'lemPsf]df lghsf] egfO{ ================ =================================================================================================== =================================================================================================== 15_ lkmN*a'sdf b]lvPsf] df]xL a'lemPsf]df df]xLsf] egfO{ ======================== =================================================================================================== =================================================================================================== 16_ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf]df ;f]sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/)f To;df s;}sf] bfaL ph'/L

k/], gk/]sf] s] xf] < bfaL k/]sf]df bfaL ug]{sf] egfO{ M—======================================================================================

=================================================================================================== 17_ gbLvf]nf cflb ;Fu hf]l*Psf] eP ;DalGwt gfkL zfvfsf] dGtJo s] xf] < ===

=================================================================================== =================================================================================================== 18_ jg sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt rflxg]df :jLs[lt k|fKt sfof{nosf] gfd

============================== ============================== kq ;ª\Vof ============== r=g+= ================ ldlt =================== :jLs[ltsf] Joxf]/f ===========================================================================================


19_ e"—;+/If)f jf hnfwf/ ;+/If)f clws[tsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ eP :jLs[lt lbg] sfof{nosf] gfd ================================================= kq ;ª\Vof ================ r=g+= ================= ldlt ============================ :jLs[ltsf] Joxf]/f ======================================================

20_ ;fljs nut le*]sf] ljj/)f k|i^ ug]{ ;fljs s'g df}hf, vnf leqsf] slt If]qkmnaf^ xfn dfu u/]sf] xf], uf=lj=;=g=kf= s'g j*f, s'g lsQf g+= / slt If]qkmn le*]sf] % v'nfpg] ===================== ====================================================================================================================================================================================================

21_ cGo s]lx v'nfpg' kg]{ ljj/)f eP v'nfpg]=================================== ====================================================================================================================================================================================================

22_ k]; ePsf] ;+nUg sfuhft ;a't k|df)f tyf sfof{nosf] ;|]:tf ;d]t le*]sf]n] pko'Qm ljj/)f e/]sf] xf], km/s %}g egL k|dfl)ft ug]{ ;DalGwt sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvtM—===

====================== ====================== ====================== ====================== ====================== gfd y/, kb gfd y/, kb gfd y/, kb gfd y/, kb gfd y/, kb -/f]Ssf kmf¤^_ -;fljs nut kmf¤^_ -df]& kmf¤^_ -bf]xf]/f] bfaL

kmf¤^_ ldl;n x]g{ gf=;'=

/ clws[t 23_ sfof{nosf] /foM— 24_ ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;M—- s] s] ;j'b k|df)f / hUufsf] l:ytL, xsbf/ ljj/)faf^

s:sf gfddf s'g hUuf slt If]qkmn btf{ x'g] xf] k|:^ n]Vg] ========================= =============================== ==========================

k|d'v, gfkL zfvf dfnkf]tsf] jl/i& sd{rf/L k|d'v ;b:o ;b:o dfnkf]t sfof{no


kmf/fd g+= 6 ;|]:tf cWofjlwsjxfn ;fljssf] l6Kk0fLsf] gd"gf

g]kfn ;/sf/

e"ld'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu dfnkf]t sfof{no=======================

l6Kk0fL ;ª\VofM–

ljifoM– l6Kk0fL / cfb]z

>Ldfg\ o;df lgDg hUuf xfn ;fljs u/L gofF gfkL adf]lhdsf] hUuf wgL btf{ k|df0f k"hf{ kfpmF egL ========= ==================== a:g] ===============================sf] ldlt ============================== sf] lgj]bg kq . s_ gfkL zfvf, ===================sf] r=g+=============================ldlt==================== ============== sf] kq4f/f lgDg xfn;fljs ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] .

;fljs xfn

If]q j8f g+= ls=g+= If]qkmn uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=

j8f g+=

l;6 g+=

ls=g+= If]qkmn lkm=a"=sf] h=w=

v_ rf}xb\bLdf btf{ afFsL /x]sf]÷g/x]sf]M– u_ rf}xb\bLdf ;/sf/L÷;fj{hlgs k5{ kb{}gM– 3_ ;/sf/L÷;fj{hlgs÷JolQmsf] hUuf 3';]sf], g3';]sf]M– ª_ ;fljssf] df]7sf] l:yltM– r_ lkmN8 r]s ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] l:yltM– 5_ gS;f cf]e/Nofk 5÷5}gM– h_ lkmN8a'ssf] Joxf]/fM– em_ /f]Ssf 5÷5}gM– `_ cGo Joxf]/fM–

o;df pko'{Qm sfuh k|df0fx¿ Pjd\ gfkL zfvf, =====================sf] ;+nUg xfn;fljs ljj/0f ;d]tsf] cfwf/df ;|]:tf cBfjlws ug]{ tkm{ lgb]{zg÷lg0f{osf nflu k]; u/]sf] 5' . hf] cfb]z .


kmf/fd g+= 7 gfkL zfvf;“u xfn ;fljs ljj/0f dfu ug]{ kmf/fd

g]kfn ;/sf/

e"ld'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu dfnkf]t sfof{no=======================

kq ;ª\VofM– k|fKt kq ;ª\Vof / ldlt

ldltM–========================================

ljifoM– ljj/0f v'nfO{ k7fO{ lbg] .

>L gfkL zfvf, ==================== k|:t't ;DaGwdf ======================================================================================= a:g]

>L==========================================================================================================================

===================================================== lstf g+= ============================= hUuf

========================================= ============;DaGwdf lgj]bg lbPsf] x'bfF plNnlvt lsQf hUufsf]

xfn;fljs gS;f lkmN8a's le8fO{ cfjZos eP lkmN8 r]s ;d]t u/L dfu u/LPsf ljj/0f

v'nfO{ k7fOlbg' x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

dfu ul/Psf] ljj/0fM–

================================

>L /f]Ssf kmfF6M– /f]Ssf eP gePsf]df ljj/0f v'nfpg' x'g .


kmf/fd g+= 8 gfkL zfvfn] eg]{ xfn ;fljs ljj/0f kmf/fd

g]kfn ;/sf/

e"ld'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno gfkL ljefu

gfkL zfvf======================= kq ;ª\VofM— k|fKt kq ;ª\Vof / ldltM—

ldltM—======================== ljifoM— ljj/0f v'nfO{ k7fOPsf] .

>L dfnkf]t sfof{no, ========================== txf¤sf] kq ;ª\Vof ========== rnfgL g+= ============== ldlt ================= sf] kqfg';f/ xfn;fljs le*fO{ lgDgfg';f/sf] ljj/)f v'nfO{ k&fOPsf] Joxf]/f cg'/f]w ul/G% .

================ gfkL clws[t -gfd y/_

ljj/0f

uf=lj=;=g=kf= j*f g+=

gS;f g+= lstf g+= If]qkmn hUufwgLsf] gfd y/

;fljs

xfn

1= ;fljs lsQf g+= df ^fon r]saf^ b]lvPsf] If]qkmn =============================== 2= xfnsf] lsQf hUufsf] rf}xb\bLdf kg]{ lsQfx¿============================ k"j{ ======

===klZrd=============== pQ/ ================== blIf)f===================== 3= rf}xb\bLdf btf{ eO{ ;s]sf] lsQfx¿M— k"j{ ========= klZrd ====== pQ/========== blIf)f ======= 4= rf}xb\bLdf ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs lsQf hUufx¿ k%{÷kb}{gM 5= ;fljssf] ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs lsQf hUufsf] If]qkmn xfnsf] plNnlvt lsQfdf #';]sf] ljj/)fM— 6= btf{ af¤sL /x]sf xfnsf] JolQm tyf ;¤lGwof/x¿sf] lsQf hUufsf ;fljssf] lsQf hUuf

dWo]sf] If]qkmn plNnlvt lsQfdf #';]sf] jf g#';]sf] xfn ;fljssf] If]qkmn / tkm{ ;lxtsf] ljj/)fM—

7= lkmN* r]s ;d]t ul/Psf] eP ;f] / cGo ljj/)fM— kmf¤̂ jfnf cldg =================================================== sd{rf/Lsf] gfd y/ ;DalGwt ;e]{Ifs gfkL clws[tsf] gfdy/

hUufsf] ju{ jf lsl;d / If]qkmn -gfkL ePsf] v'b If]qkmn_ wgx/ jf v]t -

ljufx/f]kgLju{ ld^/_ le^ jf kfvf] af/L -ljufx/f]kgLju{

ld^/_

k|df)f ;+s]t ;fljs g+= /flhgfdf cbfntsf]

km};nf OToflb

j*f g+= /

gS;f g+=

lstf g+=

ljj/)f -cfjbL k|lt kf]v/L OToflb_

hUufwgLsf] xs lx:;f

df]xLsf] gfd, y/ jtg, /=g+= eP ;f] ;d]t

df]xLsf] afj'sf] gfd / ;Dej eP afh]sf] gfd

;d]t s cjn

v bf]od

u l;d

# rfx/

ª cjn

r bf]od

l;d rfx/ kfrf}

cfnL sfGnf s^fO{ af¤sL x'g cfPsf] If]qkmn

;xL %fk / ldlt

s+}lkmot

g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno

e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu dfnkf]t sfof{no ================

hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tf

kmf]^f]

&]=g+= ======= kfgf g+= ========== hUufwgLsf] gfd y/M— ========================== hUufwgLsf] jtg M— ============================= pd]/M— ================== hUufwgLsf] afj'kltsf] gfdM— ================= afh];;'/fsf] gfdM— ==============================

gful/stf g+= ================== ldlt==================== sfof{no ================================

bf= jf= c~rnM—================== lhNnfM— ================ uf=lj=;=g=kf=M— ===================================

hDdf If]qkmnM— hUufwgL ;+s]t g+=

kmf/fd g+= 9

g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno

e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu ============================ sfof{no

hUufwgL ;+s]t g+=

cf}&fsf] %fk

kmf]̂ f]

-:j]t Zofd_

bfof¤ jfof¤

kmf]6f] k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] b:tvt hUufwgLsf] gfd y/ ==================================== pd]/ ========= &]ufgfM— ============== c+rn ================ lhNnf================= Onfsf ============== ufp¤ ljsf; ;ldltgfu/kflnsf j*f g+= ==== hUufwgLsf] afj'kltsf] gfd y/ ======================================== afh];;'/fsf] gfd y/ ===================================================== gful/stf gDa/ / ldlt=================================================== gful/stf k|bfg ug]{ sfof{no ========================================== hUufjfnfsf] b:tvt =========================== n]vfTds ============= hUufwgL k|df)f kq lbg] sfof{no=======================================

-sfof{nosf] %fk_

Wofg lbg' kg]{ s'/fx¿

1= k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] df# d;fGt ;Dddf dfnkf]t a'emfPdf a'emfpg' kg]{ dfnkf]tdf 5 k|ltzt %'^ lbOg]% .

2= dfnkf]t k|To]s cfly{s jif{ h]i& d;fGt;Dddf a'emfO{ ;Sg'

k%{ . 3= dfnkf]t ga'emfPdf hUuf /f]Ssf x'g ;S% . 4= k|To]s cf=j=sf] c;f/ 15 ut] ;Dddf dfnkf]t a'emfPdf 5

k|ltzt yk z'Ns nfUg] / c;f/ 15 kl% lnnfd laqmL x'g' cl# dfnkf]t a'emfPdf dfnkf]t jflif{s 10 k|ltzt -bz k|ltzt_ yk z'Ns nfU% .

5= Dofbleq dfnkf]t ga'emfPdf hUuf lnnfd laqmL x'g ;S% . 6= hUuf lwtf] lbbf hUufwgL k|df)f k"hf{ a'emfpg' kb}{g . lwtf]

lng] sfof{non] lwtf] /x]sf] ljj/)f o;} h=w=k|=k"hf{df pNn]v u/L h=w=k|=k"hf{ hUufjfnfnfO{ g} lbOg]% .

kmf/fd g+= 10

hUufwgLsf] gfd ====================

k|df)f ;+s]t

lhNnf gu/kflnsf

uf=lj=;=

j*f g+= / gS;f g+=

l;^ g+= lstf g+=

ljj/)f #/ cfjbL ktL{kf]v/L OToflb

hUufwgLsf] xs lx:;f

df]xLsf] gfd, y/, jtg

lsl;d jf ju{

If]qkmn

df]& &]nL g+=kfgf g+=

s}lkmot, Joxf]/f

k|dfl)ft ug]{sf] b:tvt

g]kfn ;/sf/e"ld;"wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu

hUufwgL btf{ k|df0f k"hf{

kmf/fd g+= 10

kmf/fd g+= 10 g]kfn ;/sf/

e"ld;"wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu

dfnkf]t a'emfPsf] ljj/0f

hUufwgLsf] gfd =============================

cf=j= jif{ lhNnf

gu/kflnsf uf=lj=;=

j*f g+= /

l;^ g+= lstf g+= If]qkmn

/l;b g+= /sd ldlt

dfnkf]t a'lemlng] sfof{nosf] gfd

a'em\g]sf] b:tvt s}lkmot

kmf/fd g+= 10

hUuf lwtf] /x]sf] ljj/0f

hUufwgLsf] gfd ============================= lwtf] /fv]sf] ;Dklt km's'jfkqsf] lwtf] lng]

sfof{nosf] gfd k=;+=, r=g+= / ldlt

lhNnf gu/kflnsf uf=lj=;=

j*f g+= l;^ g+=

lstf g+=

If]qkmn -:yfgLo gfk cg';f/_

C)fsf] p@]Zo / /sd

/f]Ssf hgfpg] / k|dfl)ft

ug]{ clws[tsf] b:tvt

lwtf] km's'jf ug]{

sfof{nosf] gfd

k=;+= / r=g+= ldlt

km's'jf hgfpg] / k|dfl)ft ug]{sf] b:tvt / ldlt


e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu

dfnkf]t sfof{no====================

5'6 hUuf btf{ cGt/ut btf{ lg0f{o ePsf ldl;nx¿sf] k|ult ljj/0f ;fn==================dlxgf===================

hUufsf] ljj/)f

l;=g+= ldl;n g+= z'? ldl;n btf{ ldlt

hUufwgLsf] gfd y/ jtg lhNnf

uf=lj=; g=kf=

j*f g+=

l;^ g+= ls=g+=

If]=km= -:yflgo gfk cg';f/

lsl;d lj/x

lg)f{o ldlt

%'̂ hUuf btf{sf] cfwf/ k|df)f v'Ng] lg)f{osf] %f]̂ s/L

ljj/)f

s}lkmot

tof/ ug]{M— ?h' ug]{M— k|dfl)ft ug]{M—



dfnkf]t sfof{no ===================

/lhi6«]zg lnvt btf{ lstfa

b?t'/ ;]jf z'Ns

hUufsf] ljj/)f lnvtsf] lsl;d :jflhNnf

js;kq

l;=g+=

lnvt /lhi^«]zg btf g+=

C)fs

f] gfd, y/ jtg

afj'klt afh];;'/f

wgLsf] gfd, y/ jtg

afj'klt afh];;'/f

y}nL c+s

/l;b g+=

u|fdL)f

gu/

*f]/ b:t'/

cGo ;jf

zNs hD

df ?=

lhNnf

uf=lj=;=g=kf=

j*f g+=

ls=g+=

If]qkmn :yfgLo

gfk cg';f/

/fhlhgfdf

gftf leq

gftf jflx/

;]= j=

c+zj)*f

c+za'em]sf]

e/kfO{

b[li^«LjGws

;§fk§

btf{ kmf/L

;uf]ngfdf

cGo

j]lhNnf

s}lkmot

of] dlxgfsf] hDdfM— ut dlxgfsf] hDdfM— of] dlxgf ;Ddsf] hDdfM

tof/ ug]{ ?h' ug]{ k|dfl)ft ug]{



dfnkf]t sfof{no====================

bflvn vf/]h l6kf]6 uf=lj=;=g=kf=M— ldltM—

hUuf yk #^ hUufsf] ljj/)f hUuf btf{ «̂fon r]saf^

b:tvt qmd ;ª\Vof

ljj/)f

;fljs hUuf jfnfsf] gfd / ;+s]t g+=

xfn hUuf jfnfsf] gfd / ;+s]t g+=

j*f g+= l;^ g+=

;fljs ls=g+=

xfn ls=g+=

If]q kmn

;fljs hUufjfnfsf] af¤sL hUuf

hUufsf]lsl;d

%'^ hUuf btf{

gof¤ hUuf btf{

yk -®_

#^ -–_

nut s§ -–_

kmf¤̂ jfnfsf] clws[tsf]

sfuh a'emL lng]sf] ;xL %fk

b|i^JoM— ljj/)fsf] dxndf n]Vg]M— 1_ /lhi «̂]zg ePdf]df /=g+= / ldltM— 2_ gfd;f/L ePsf]df / gof¤ hUuf btf{ ePsf]df lg)f{o ldltM— 3_ cGo s'g} cfb]z eP ldltM—

%f]^s/L ljj/)f 4_ of] kmf/fd kmf¤̂ jfnn] /lhi «̂]zg jf c? lsl;dsf] Psfsf] gfdaf^ csf{sf] gfddf kl/j{tg x'¤bf -h:tf] ls gfd;f/L

bflvnf vf/]h_ k|To]s uf=lj=;=g=kf=sf] leGgf leGg} /lhi^/ v*f u/L of] kmf/fddf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf s'/fx¿ b}lgs n]vL pNn]v ePadf]lhd b:tvt u/L dlxgf—dxLgfdf sfof{no k|d'vnfO{ lbg], sfof{no k|d'vn] klg ;f] k|dfl)ft u/L ;f]xLsf] cfwf/df dfl;s k|ltj]bg ljefudf k]; ug]{ .



dfnkf]t sfof{no ==============

-h]yf hdfgL jfkt jf cGo k|sf/n] /f]Ssf /x]sf] #/, hUuf / ;Dkltsf]_

/f]Ssf lstfa /f]Ssf /x]sf] ;Dkltsf] ljj/)f s_ lhNnfsf] gfdM— v_ uf=lj=;=g=kf=M—

/f]Ssf /x]sf] ;DkQL wgLsf] ljj/)f

/f]Ssf /x]sf] ;Dkltsf] ljj/)f

l;=g+= gfd, y/ jtg

afh]sf] gfd

afj'sf] gfd

/f]Ssf /fVg] sfof{nosf] gfd

/f]Ssf /fVgfsf] sf/)f jf p@]Zo

uf=lj=;= g=kf=

j*f g+= l;^ g+=

lstf g+= jf rf/ lsNnf

If]qkmn #/ hUuf

;Dklt

km's'jf sf]

cfb]z g+=

/f]Ssf / km's'jf hgfpg] sd{rf/Lsf]

;lx%fk s}lkmot



dfnkf]t sfof{no ====================

;/sf/L hUufsf] ef]uflwsf/ ;DaGwL k|df0fkq hUufwgLsf] gfdM– g]kfn ;/sf/ c+rnM– ================================ lhNnfM– ===============================

k|df)f ;+s]t uf=lj=;g=kf= j*f g+= l;^ g+= If]qkmn -/f]kgLljufxfx]S^/_ jflif{s b:t'/ s}lkmot

============================================================= ============================== =============================== ef]uflwsf/ k|fKt ug]{ ;+:yfsf] kbflwsf/Lsf] ;xL tof/ ug]{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ ;+:yfsf] 5fk


kmf/fd g+= 16

g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu dfnkf]t sfof{no==================

;/sf/L hUufsf] btf{ clen]v

l;6 g+=

lsQf=g+

lj/x hUufsf] lsl;d

If]qkmn ;/sf/L sfof{no eP sfof{nosf]

gfd

k|df0f ;+s]t

k|dfl0ft ug]{ clws[tsf] b:tvt /

ldlt

s+}lkmot

c+rnM— lhNnfM— uf=lj=;=g=kf=M— j*f g+=M—


kmf/fd g+= 17

g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ljefu dfnkf]t sfof{no==================

;Fj{hlgs hUufsf] btf{ clen]v

l;6 g+=

lsQf=g+=

lj/x hUufsf] lsl;d

If]qkmn k|df0f ;+s]tk|dfl0ft ug]{ clws[tsf]

b:tvt / ldlt s+}lkmot

c+rnM— lhNnfM— uf=lj=;=g=kf=M— j*f g+=M—

Documents

efu # kl/R5]b – ! 5'6 hUuf btf · hUuf k|zf;g sfo {ljlw – 3 cf_ kz'klt ljsfz If ]q sf ]if cGt/ut hoafu ]Zj/L e08f/ tx;Ln, kz 'kltgfy e08f/ txjLn, kz'kltgfy cdfn sf ]6 srx/L lhDdf