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ImpactAssessment

MobileTowers

SteelPlant

Power

Plant

Solarcell

Technology

Artificial

Light

CNG

Vehicles

Fuelcell

Technology

Hydro

Power

Eco

Tourism

MobilePhones

Internet

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Whatis

the

purpose

of

EnvironmentalImpactAssessment

a PROCESS for decision-making,

It is NOT a formula for preparing a document.

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What is the purpose of EIA ?

To encourage productive and enjoyable

harmony between man and his environment;

to promote efforts which will prevent or

eliminate damage to the environment and

biosphere and stimulate the health and welfare

of man; to enrich the understanding of theecological systems and natural resources

important to the Nation....

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To implement a strategy ofsustainable

development, prevent adverse impact on the

environment after the implementation ofplans and construction projects, and

promote coordinated development of the

economy, society, and environment.

sustainable development

(of economic development, energy sources, etc)

capable of being maintained at a steady level

without exhausting natural resources orcausing severe ecological damage:

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MethodstoenhanceSustainable

Development

EnvironmentalImpactAssessment(EIA)

SocialImpactAssessment(SIA)

HealthImpact

Assessment

(HIA)

PovertyandSocialImpactAssessment

(PSIA)

SustainabilityAssessment(SA)

Etc.

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IntegratedAssessment

Compares

the

diffrent

impacts

and

adresses

the

tradeoffsbetweenthem.

Thefocuswillbeonthetradeoffsbetweentrade

(economic),environment andpoverty(social).

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To LOOK before you LEAP!

EIA is now a required process in more than100 nations.

The International Association for ImpactAssessment (IAIA) is a global network with

2,700 members from more than 80 countries.

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WHAT CHANGES CAN EIA BRING?

Before introduction of EIA:

Government planning and decision-making:

D-A-D ---- Decide, Announce, Defend

Role of NGOs, citizens:

Critics Objectors Protestors

Environmental conditions:

Steadily deteriorating

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WHAT CHANGES CAN EIA BRING?

After Implementing EIA:

Government planning and decision-making:

D-D-D ---- Discuss, Decide, Deliver

Role of NGOs, citizens:

Stakeholders Contributors Participants

Environmental conditions:

Deterioration slows; some areas may improve

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InitialEnvironmental

Examination(IEE)

Initial

environmental

examination

isintended

as

alow

cost

environmental

evaluationthat

makes

use

of

informationalready

available

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PurposeofIEE Describes

the

proposed

project

or

activityandexaminesalternatives

Identifies

and

addresses

community

concernsto

extent

possible

Identifiesandassessespotential

environmental

effects Directsfutureaction

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ObjectivesofIEE Identifyallpotentialenvironmental

concernsrelatingtoaproposedprojectoractivity.

Identifyallsignificantenvironmental

issues (SEIs)

Resolve

simple

SEIs

Developthefocusforfollowupstudiesbased

on

unresolved SEIs

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PossibleIEEOutcomes

1. Norequirementforfurtherenvironmentalstudy;proposalnot

anticipatedto

have

significant

impact.

2. Limitedenvironmental

study

needed;

environmentalimpactsareknownandcanbeeasilymitigated.

3. FullscaleEIArequired;impactsunknownorlikelytobesignificant

13

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IEEintheOverallEIAProcess

Project

Screening

Identifiesprojects that

typically

contain

potentialsignificant

issues

Initial Environmental Examination

1. Identifies potential significantenvironmental issues associated

with a project

2. Grades effects and identifies actual

Significant Environmental Issues

(SEIs)

3. Resolves simple SEIs

4. Recommends further action for

resolving outstanding SEIs

Full-Scale EIA or Other

Additional Study

Resolves any remaining

significant environmental issues

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IEEFlowChart1. Identify Potential

Significant Environmental

Issues2. Obtain Information

3. Effects Classification/

Identification of Significant

Environmental Issues (SEIs)

4. Resolve SEIs Where

Possible (ReviewAlternatives/Develop

Environmental Management

Plans and Protection Measures)

The IEE makesrecommendations

for further study:

Full-Scale EIA

IEE is the final EIAReport, including:

SEIs

5.Are all SEIs

resolved?

YES NO

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Environmental impact assessment (EIA):

Not to harm the environment on a short term or long term

Proposed project has the good intent & addresses an identified

problem

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BioPhysicochemical

Nature&people

Land

Erosionand

Siltation

Bankstability

Drainage

Soilcharacteristics

SurfacewaterRegional

Hydrology

WaterPollution

Groundwater Regional Hydrology

Water table

Water Pollution

AtmosphereAir pollution

Dust Pollution

Noise Pollution

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Thebaselinesituation

In characterizing the

baseline situation,

many environmentalcomponents MAY be

of interest

Water Quantity, quality, reliability,

accessibility

Soils Erosion, crop productivity,

fallow periods, salinity,

nutrient concentrations

Flora Composition and density ofnatural vegetation,

productivity, key species

Fauna Populations, habitat

Special Key species

ecosystems

Env Health Disease vectors, pathogensThe components of

interest are those that

are likely to be affectedby your activityor

upon which your

activity depends for its

success

h i i i ?

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Whatis

an

activity?

ACTIVITY:market access

roadrehabilitation

ACTIONS:

Survey, grading, culvert

construction, compaction,etc. . .

a desired

accomplishment or

output

E.g.: a road, Factory,

or river diversion to

irrigate land

An activity is:9Accomplishing an activityrequires a set ofactions

We are discussing the impacts ofactivities.

What are activities?

A project or program may

consist of many activities

i

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Important steps in EIA

Identification, Prediction and evaluation

Natural environment of man consist of air, water, land, noise,

flora and fauna,&man-made environment consists of socio-economic aspects,aesthetics, transportation etc.

Predictive methods will define the quantity or special dimensionsof impact on an environmental resources How much or wherethe impact may occur

Methods of evaluation determine the groups that may directlyaffected by the project or action.

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Factors to be considered in making assessment decisions:

Magnitude: Will the impact be irreversible, what will be the rate of recovery

or adaptability of an impact area

Risk: To accurately assess the risk, both the project activity and the area of

the environment impacted must be well known and understood.

Duration: will the activity be long or short term.

Importance: This is defined as the value that is attached to an environment

component.

Mitigation: Are solutions to problems available. Existing technology may

provide a solution to a silting problem expected during constructions of

access road

The possible assessment decisions (1) No impact (2) Unknown and

potential adverse impact (3) Significant impact.

Documents

EIA_234