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El Niño
Length•Non-El Niño - 5 to 10 years
•El Niño - 1 to 3 years•Equatorial Pacific in El Niño 20% of the time!
Satellite Technology
•TOPEX/Poseidon•Jason
1997-98 Event
Changes
•Warmer water•Atmospheric pressure•Prevailing winds
Walker Cells 1998 Event
La Niña•Basically the opposite of El Niño
•Cooler water in Pacific•Opposite weather events
Effects
Hurricane Season
Atlantic Eastern Pacific
Avg. El Niño Avg.
Avg. El Niño Avg.
Named storms 9.4 7.1 16,7 17.6
Hurricanes 5.8 4.0 9.8 10.0
Intense Hurricanes
2.5 1.5 4.8 5.5
Causes
•Much debate on causes•No clear understanding