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SPORTS flnflLYSIS GROUP

CHICAGO PARK DISTRICTВІЖПНАШ PARK, CHICAGO

M O DERN RECREATION SERIES

Sports Analysis Group

The Sports Analysis G ro up is being developed by the

Physical A ctiv ities Section o f the Chicago Park D istrict to

foster the easier and more accurate acquisition o f good

form in the sport under analysis. W restling, one o f the

group, has been promoted through the helpful co-operation

o f C liffo rd Cason, A ndrew Kovach, and W illiam Culp,

fo r many years physical instructors in the Chicago Park

District. This booklet is designed as an instruction manual

and guide fo r physical education groups in the Chicago Park

District. I t is hoped tha t i t may also aid in extending the

the services o f the Chicago Park D istrict to communities

and individuals tha t have only lim ited facilities in the physical

activities field.

Copyright 19*$« Chicago Park District

C O M P IL E D BY W O R K E R S O F T H E W R IT E R S ’

P R O G R A M O F T H E W O R K P R O J E C T S

A D M IN IS T R A T IO N - S T A T E O F IL L IN O IS

W R E S T L I N GГ “* \ V / D Г Ч In presenting the science o f wrestling to the

• I N t i ™ I N novice, the holds described herein are divided

into three types: standing holds, holds worked from position behind opponent on

mat, and holds worked from the bo ttom position on mat. A lthough the layman

can probably learn much to be desired from the following chapters, i t is advisable

to work w ith the aid o f an instructor who will be be tte r qualified to in te rpre t the

material.

The holds described and illustrated are, fo r the most part, standard amateur wrestling

holds, used in all countries o f the world. Many combinations o f holds which the

experienced wrestler would use have been necessarily om itted from the te x t mainly

fo r lack o f space, and also fo r the fact tha t as a wrestler becomes more advanced,

he will favor combinations o f his own choice, orig inating from material presented

here. Blocks, breaks, and counters are included in the same sequence w ith the

holds, the purpose being to clarify which hold they are applied to . M o s t instruct­

ors would not teach the holds w ith the block, break, and counter at the same time

as i t is reasonable to believe tha t good teaching technique should require the indi­

vidual to become adept in applying a hold before being taught to counter or block

it. I t is suggested tha t a series o f holds be taught and tha t in a later lesson,

methods o f escaping from the hold be explained. Naturally, an instructor would

elect to teach a certain number o f holds from each group rather than teach all stand­

ing holds first.

W restling, although an international sport, has no t developed a standard term in­

ology fo r all the moves and counter moves tha t are employed. Consequently, i t

has been necessary to use terms which are standard in Chicago area.

Rules governing barred holds, length o f bouts, position behind and on the mat,

have been om itted purposely because they vary considerably in o ther sections

where the sport o f wrestling is promoted and i t also was considered tha t by includ­

ing them, the te x t would sooner become outdated.

CONTENTS

HOLDS WORKED FROM A STAND­ING POSITION з

HOLDS WORKED FROM A TOP PO­SITION O N THE M A T зо

INTERLOCKING HANDS, INTERLAC­ING HANDS 70

HOLDS WORKED FROM A BOTTOM POSITION - AND ESCAPES 71

DEFINITIONS 90

INDEX 91

HOLDS WORKED _____

FROM A STANDING__

POSITION________ ___

Standing Position .................................. 4

Locked Position Standing .......................... 5

Double Leg Dive .................................. 6,7

Single Knee Drop, Go Behind ........................ 8

Single Leg Dive with Backheel...................... 9

Standing Switch .................................... 10,11

Front Headlock............................... . . 12,13

Front Headlock and Reverse Bar A r m .................. 14,15

Variation of Hip T h r o w ............................ 16

Single Reverse Vi'lnglock............................ 17

Double Reverse T,'lnglock............................18,Ї9

The Dip from a S t a n d .............................. 20

Cross-Face, Far Arm Used to Go Behind............... 21

Side Chancery and Far A r m .......................... 22

Standing Go B e h i n d ................................ 23

Standing Arm Drag ............................... 24,25

Position Behind, Forward Trip ..................... 26

Position Behind, Standing Backheel ............... 27

Position Behind, Standing Body.lock and Throw . . . . 28

Counters and Breaks for Position Behind ............ 29

Standing PositionGenerally, a wide stance should be taken,with one foot In advance of the other. Imagine the feet as being on the diagonal corners of a square. The knees are bent slightly, the body Is tilted forv/ard from the hips, and the arms are carried half-bent and forward for both defensive and offensive work. In taking steps forward or sideways, use a follow step. Never cross the feet. Three of the many styles of stance are shown in the accompanying illustrations.

Locked Position

Standing----------HOLDi This Is a position wrestlers often take while standing to work Гог holds. It Is also an excellent position to use for exercise. Try to throw your opponent off balance.

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HOLD: The position Is widely used for exercise and helps develop your neck muscles. Also helps you to be shifty and alert, as any slow movement or crossing of your feet may result In your being thrown to the mat. Always learn to remember the cardinal rule of wrestling,"Do not cross your feet or get off balance."

Double Leg DiveHOLD: Make a quick movement forward and grasp your opponent behind the knees. Keep your head to the outside. Pull his legs In to you and press your shoulder Into his midriff.

HOLD: Drive the man over backv.’ards,falling with him and keeping close.

BLOCK: Push on head and shoulder оT aggressorand step backward and to the side.

BREAK: Pushon man’s head and turn over.

COUNTER:Front headlock and bar arm.

Single Knee Drop, Go Behind______

HOLD: Drop to the I:nee, going close to your opponent, andcatch’his forward leg with your Inside hand.

HOLD: Pull him to you and come up to position behind.

BLOCK: Push on headand shoulders.

Single Leg Dive

with Bacltheel _

BLOCK: Defensive wres­tler places leg In op­ponent ' s crotch and push­es on his head.

HOLD: Lift your oppo­nent's forward leg,using both arms, and pull him In close to you. Step with your heel behind his opposite leg.

COUNTER: V/lth your leg In your oppo­nent's crotch,push your shoulder Into his midriff and go to the mat with a reverse bar arm.

Standing Switch

HOLD: Grasp opponent's opposite wrist, reach over thecaptured arm, place hand In his crotch, keeping his arm straight. Force him to the mat and get behind him.

Three variations are shown In illustrations 1, 2 and 3.

COUNTER: Throw your leg across your opponent's body and drive him to the mat.

Front Headlock

HOLD: Catch your opponent's head in the crookof your elbow, with your forearm alone the line of his jaw. Interlock your hands anc' lift, turn­ing his head to the side.

BLOCK: push the forearm off and step away. This photo shows opposite side of hold above.

BREAK: Pull opponent's hands apart and push his elbow,pulling your head out.

COUNTER: Push Into opponent and gras'p his le

Front H eadloclt______and Reverse Bar Arm

:HOLD: The top man starts with a front headlock and applies the re­verse bar arm. He then moves around in the direction of the bar arm and forces his opponent to the mat,staying close to him for the pin.

BLOCK: Push away from theopponent.

BREAK: push on elbow ofaggressor,forcing his arm off your head.

COUNTER: Drive In to theaggressor and use a double leg dive to take him to the mat.

Variation of Hip ThrowHOLD: Working from a standing referee's position, grasp the oppo­nent's right elbow with your left hand, bring your right hand under­neath his arm and step In hard with a hip throw, throwing the man to the mat.

Single Reverse

W inglocli____HOLD: If you go underneath the man from a standing position and hedrops an arm over your hack, trap It with your arm above his elbow. Sit down backwards, throwing the man over your hack. Release the hold and,turning in, go behind him.

BLOCK Top man slips his elbow free.

Double Reverse

W ingloclt_____

HOLD: ІГ a man drops both hands over your back, trap both his arms above the elbows. Sit down and throw the man backwards. Try Гог a pin; If you cannot, re lease the holdand turn In with your chest to his.

BLOCK: Slip the elbows out.

COUNTER: If the man sits down after you slipout your elbows, remain on top of him.

The Dip From A StandHOLD: Prom a stand, grasp your opponent’s opposite wrist. Steppingunder his arm, place your other hand In his crotch.

HOLDt pull the opponent’s arm down, lifting him off his feet. Drop to one knee and throw him over your head. Keep close to him and go for the pin.

Cross face, Far A rm __Used To Go Behind ___

HOLD: Secure- this hold by pushing the opponent'sleft arm across his Гасе.

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HOLDi Drop quickly to the mat and spin around behind the man,dropping the hold as you go be­hind him.

COUNTER: Defensive wres­tler drops to the mat and traps a leg.

Side Chancery and Far Arm _

HOLDi Step across as if taking the headlook and grasp the far arm with ■both hands.

HOLDi Drop to your knees and throw the man over your back.

HOLD: Go to the matwith him and pin his shoulders to the mat. This Is a dangerous hold to use,as too of­ten the defensive man will slip behind you.

Standing G o ---------Behind

HOLDi In the locked po­sition standing, the ag­gressor pushes his oppo­nent's left arm upward and slips his head under the opponent's arm. He then steps In close and then behind him.

BLOCKt Push away and turn in opposite di­rection.

BREAK Double wrlstlock.

Standing Arm DragThere are many variations of this hold. The simplest is to grasp the opponent's opposite arm, jerk him forward to the mat, fall with him,and come up behind.

HOLD

HOLD

HOLD

Three variations of the standing arm drag are shown In illus­trations 1,2, and 3.

BLOCK: Run around In opposite direction or the arm drag.

COUNTER: Raise leg and execute a crossbody block, taking the man to the mat.

Position B ehind,____

Forward T r ip _______HOLD: From standing position behind, the offensive man steps Infront of the defensive man's foot and trips him directly forward. After going to the mat, he may hook his legs together.

Position Behind, _

Standing BackheelHOLDi Blocking your opponent's leg, with a twist pull him backward to the mat.

HOLD: Continue turning as you hit the matto secure top position.

Position B ehind ,_

Standing Bodylock

and ThrowHOLDi After securing standing position behind,lift the opponent and, turning him sldeways,drop with him to the mat,securing top position.

Counters and Breaks -

for Position Behind__

BLOCK: Use outside leggrapevine to prevent a man from lifting you.

BREAK: The defensivewrestler arches back and throws his arms hack to break oppo­nent's hold.

COUNTER: The defensive wrestler uses an ankle grab and then sits down.

HOLDS WORKED

FROM

TOP POSITION

ON THE MAT

Referee's Position on the M a t ...................... 32

Par Arm Outside, Near Leg Outside.................. 33

The Arm Crush........................................ 34,35

Wrlstlock Used as a R i d e ............................ 36,37

Far Arm Outside...................................... 38,39

Far L e g .............................................. 40,41

Step Over Far L e g .................................. 42

Cradle Ho l d ........................................ 43

Near Arm Scissors and Far Half Nelson................ 44,45

Half Nelson ........................................ 46,47

Three-Quarters Nelson .............................. 48,49

Near Half Nelson and Far Wrlstlock................ 50

Far Half Nelson and Near Wrlstlock................ 51

Bar Arm and a Far Wrlstlock........................ 52

Bar Arm and Far Half Nelson........................ 53

Jackknlle............................................ 54,55

Leg Split............................................ 56,57

Double Outside Leg Grapevine and Reverse Head . . . . 58

Stretcher.......................................... 59

Body Scissors and Far A r m ............................ 60,61

Short Arm Scissors.................................. 62,63

Reverse Short Arm Scissors ........................ 64

Figure-Four Scissors .............................. 65

Figure-Four Scissors on the Head and Reverse Bar Arm 66,67

Cross-Body Ri d e ...................................... 68,69

Referee's Position

on the M a t_____

No set rule Is given for the position on the bottom, as this dependson the physical build of the wrestler. The rules state that thehands and feet must be In contact with the mat as the command to wrestle Is given. Some coaches advise their wrestlers to sit well back on their haunches,holding head and shoulders high. Others coach their men to stay low. When staying low, cover the lowered legs withthe thighs and do not lay the elbows on the mat.

The top position must be started with the offensive wrestler having one hand on the upper arm of the bottom man and his opposite arm over his opponent's back and gripped loosely around the body.

Far Arm Outside,

Near Leg OutsideWhen working from the left side, reach In front of both arms

of the opponent and with your left hand grasp his right arm well above the elbow;wlth your right hand grasp his thigh from the rear. Keep the body close to defensive wrestler.

',71th a slight lift turn him over and pin his shoulde'rs to mat. Keep weight well back and on his chest.

Defensive wres­tler straightens l&r arm and legs.

Arm Crush

HOLD! When holding a bodylock from right side, grasp opponent's right wrist with your right hand and place your head behind his upper arm. Force opponent's arm back and his shoulder to the mat.

BLOCK: Defensive man straightens arm forward.

BREAK: Defensive man flexes his arm and,Interlocking his hands, pulls arm inward.

COUNTER! Hip throw-over or forward roll

Wristloclc Used

as a R id e____

HOLD: When working from the left side, use left hand to grasp leftwrist of the opponent. Using the forearm as a lever,force the man's shoulders forward Into the mat, keeping your own weight well back. Use a bodylock with the right arm.

BLOCK O H BREAK: Straighten the arm.

COUNTER: Use wlnglook.

Far Arm OutsideHOLDi When working from the left aide, reach In front of both arms of your opponent with your left hand and behind both his arms v/lth your right hand. Grasp his far arm with both hands and pull his arms together.

HOLD: Keep close to your opponent and turn him over on his back.Keep your weight well back and pin his shoulders to the mat.

BLOCK: Defensive wrestler straightens right arm before It Ispulled In by the aggressor.

BREAK: Crawl around to right, face aggressor, and stand up

Far Leg

HOLD: When working from the left side, reach through with both yourarms and. Interlocking your hands Just above your opponent's knees, pull both his legs together. Keep your chest close to the defensive wrestler and turn him over.

HOLD: A variation for the hold above.

BLOCK: Defensive wrestler straightens right leg.

COUNTER: Use double wrlstlock.

Step Over Far LegHOLD: This Is primarily an off-balance hold from all fours. Liftyour opponent's near leg and, stepping over his far leg, turn him over onto his side.

BREAK Bottom man Jumps forward quickly and turns away from the op­ponent .

Cradle HoldHOLDi After you have worked an off-balance hold from all fours, catch your opponent's far leg as he rolls, hook his head and Inter­lock your hands.

BREAK Hook the feet together and straighten the legs.

H alf Nelson

HOLDi When working from the left side, reach under your opponent's left arm to the back of his head. Pry his head down and keep your body close to him as you turn him over for a fall.

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BLOCK: Defensive wrestler raises his head and lowers his shoulder.

COUNTER: Use wlnglock

Three-quarter

Nelson______HOLD: When working from the left side, the aggressor puts his leftarm under the left arm of the opponent and over the back of the neck. Interlocking his own hands.

HOLD: Blocking the opponent's leg, pull his head Inand tip him over on his shoulders for the fall.

BLOCK: Bottom man raises his head.

BREAKi Pull opponent's hands off your head.

COUNTER: Use wlnglock.

Near Arm Scissors

Far H alf Nelson _HOLDi When working from the right side of the opponent, obtain a far half nelson and. If opportunity occurs, step forward and hook the op­ponent's right upper arm In the crook of your leg.

HOLD: Tip the man forward onto his shoulders.

BLOCK: Raise head and lower arm to break: half nelson,lie down to prevent the opponent from turning you over.

BREAKt After the opponent has turned you over, kick both legs down and bridge. Repeat this until you have worked your way clear.

Near H alf Nelson and Far W ristlock_______HOLD: Y/hen working from the left, get a near half nelson with yourleft hand. Reach over your opponent's back with your right hand and grasp his right arm with a wristlock. Tip him over, using the half nelson for leverage. Keep your weight well back and stay close to your opponent for the fall.

BLOCK and BREAK Raise head and straighten arms.

COUNTER: Use wlnglock.

Far H alf Nelson and

Near W ristlock-------HOLD: 'Vhen working from the left side, reach over your opponent's back and under his right arm with your right hand and hook It over the back of his head. Trap his left arm with a wristlock. Turn him In toward you with the half nelson and as he turns over on his back, shift your body across to the other side for the pin.

BLOCK: straighten left arm to block wristlock, raise head to blockfar half nelson.

Bar Arm a n d __

A Far WristlockHOLD: When working from the left side, reach In front of opponent's left arm, hooking It with your left arm. Work your arm up between his arm and body until your hand Is on his shoulder. Force his shoulder to the mat.

HOLDi With your right arm you may use a far wristlock or bodylock.

Bar Arm a n d __

Far H alf NelsonHOLD: Preceding hold may he worked Into a bar arm and far half nel­son by changing the right hand to a half nelson.

HOLDi Shift your body to the far side and turn the opponent over for the pin.

JackknifeHOLD: Start the hold with a near half nelson andnear leg hold. Tip the man over forward and Inter­lock your hands. Keep your weight well back and pin his shoulders to the mat.

BREAK: Scissor your leg and extend legs.

Leg SplitHOLD: When working from the right side, get a figure-four leg grapevine on the bottom man's right leg. Reach across your opponent's Ъаск and interlock your hands on the Inside of his left leg Just above the knee.

HOLDi Pull him toward you,then release your hand, using It for your support,and pull his legs apart. For better lever­age In applying pressure, keep your left arm near his knee.

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BREAK: Reach for the opponent's head and pull himin to you with a headlock and straighten legs.

Double O utside_____

Leg Grapevine

and Reverse HeadHOLD: Turn your opponent over, straddle him, andstraighten your legs backward In a double-leg grape­vine. Secure a reverse head hold. Then stretch out and arch your back to apply pressure for the pin.

BREAK Defensive wrestler grasps right hand of opponent, pulls It off of his head,and turns over.

Stretcher

HOLD: From a top position, force your legs Intoyour opponent's crotch and pull his arms forward. Then arch your back and straighten out.

BLOCKi Defensive wrestler catches foot of the offensive wrestler to prevent It from slipping Into the grapevine.

Body Scissors

and Far Arm .HOLD: This hold Is usually taken by pulling the opponent overwhen he Is on all fours. Apply scissors and reach across the body for a far arm. For the best results the scissors hold should be taken over the floating ribs.

BREAK: Force the opponent's feet apart.

COUNTER: Keep turning and take the aggressive

Short Arm Scissors

HOLDi This hold Is applied when the top man has worked around to the front.

HOLDi Start Ъу applying a reverse ђаг armlock, then step over with your leg and grasp your own ankle.

HOLDi Apply pressure by tightening the hold and pushing towards the defensive wrestler. Keep weight well back. Use your free arm to prevent a back-roll.

BLOCK: Defensive wrestler graspshands and straightens the arm.

Reverse Short Arm

Scissors__________HOLD: From top position, hook opponent's left arm from the Insidewith your left arm, step over his arm with your left leg and grasp your ankle. Keep his wrist under his hip with your right hand. Brace yourself with your right knee.

Figure-Four ScissorsHOLDi Start by forcing your leg around waist of the opponent and hooking the knee of your other leg. Hook your leg behind the oppo­nent's leg. This hold Is used for a ride. Do not allow the oppo­nent to reach up and grasp your head. This hold maybe combined with a headlock or a far arm for a pin.

BLOCK: Grab hold of the leg across your waist before It Is hookedand pull It away.

Figure-Four Scissors on the Head and Reverse Bar A rm ____________HOLD: When on top, work around to the front and apply a reverse bar arm to tip your opponent over and bring his head Into your crotch. Hook your foot over your opponent's opposite arm, straight­en his arm, and force his shoulders to the mat.

BREAK: Defensive wrestler separates legs of the aggressor andturns over.

Cross-Body RideHOLD: When working from the right side of the opponent, start thehold by getting an Inside leg grapevine on his right leg with your right leg. Reach over his back and hook your left arm around the left arm of the opponent and interlock hands.

HOLD: This Is ariding hold and Is seldom used for pin­ning. After you get the hold,stay there. If the man rolls over keep the hold.

BLOCK: Trap the leg andprevent the aggressor from getting a grapevine.

BREAK: Bottom man turns over and forces the Inside arm between hisbody and opponent's body.

BREAK: Turn In toward him and go to top position

INTERLOCKING

HANDS

Interlocking Hands: Cupping theringers and locking hands with one another Is known as Inter­locking the hands.

INTERLACING________

HANDS________

Two Variations

Interlacing Hands: (Illegal) In­tertwining or the Tlngers. This movement Is prohibited to pre­vent Injury to the ringers.

HOLDS WORKED____

FROM BOTTOM____

POSITION - A N D ____

ESCAPES____________

Single Wlnglock .................................... 72,73

Sit-Through.......................................... 74,75

Arm Hook and Far Arm Across the P a c e .............. 76

Sit-Through and Arm D r a g .......................... 77

S w i t c h .............................................. 78,79

Outside Leg Grapevine and Underarm ................ 80

Leg Hook and Wrist R o l l ............................ 81

An Inside Leg H o o k .................................. 82,83

Forward Somersault ................................ 84

Hip Throw-Over to Come from Underneath ............ 85

Double Wrlstlock .................................. 86,87

Keylock .......................................... 88

Arm and Head P u l l .................................. 89

Single W ingloclt__HOLD: When working from the left side, bottom man hooks thetop man's right arm above the elbow with his right arm.

HOLD: Pull the top man forward and sideways to turn him over. Then make a half turn and place your body crosswise to your opponent. Let go his arm and turn with your chest to his.

BLOCKi Top man steps over to the other side with right leg.

COUNTER: Half nelson and far wrlstlock

Sit-Through__HOLDi Def enslve wrestler comes from a posi­tion on all fours to a sitting position.

HOLD. ,He arches his back to break the top man's hands apart, turns, and stands up.

BLOCKi Man behind grasps the ankle of opponent.

COUNTER. When working from the left side the man behind reaches over with his right arm and underneath the opponent's right arm.

COUNTER! Man behind bars opponent's left arm with his left arm, puts right hand across face,and turns head to the side.

COUNTERi A possible follow-hold to pin the man.

Arm H o o k__________

and Far Arm

Across The FaceHOLDi As the bottom man slts-through,grasp his right arm with your left, than secure cross-race Гаг arm with your right.

HOLD: Pull him baclcward for the pin.

Sit-Through and

Arm Drag _____HOLD: In a sit-through.when top man has a bar arm, break the waisthold. Then,using an arm drag, go behind.

SwitchHOLD: The bottom man slts-through, reaches back with his right armover his opponent's right arm, and places his right hand on the in­side of his opponent's right thigh. He then arches his back and forces his opponent to the mat.

HOLDi Turn fully right going behind the opponent.

BLOCK: Grasp the bottom man's left arm above the elbow to keep him fi'om turning.

COUNTER: Step over the opponent's body with the right leg.

Outside Leg Grapevine

and U nderarm ______HOLD; When the top man Is working on the bottom man's left, the bottom man hooks his right leg over the right leg of his opponent. He then turns outward and goes under his opponent's right arm,continues to turn over and comes up behind his opponent.

BLOCK: Top man straightens right leg

Leg Hook and Wrist R o ll___HOLDi When top man Is working from the left side, bottom man hooKs right leg over the right leg of top man and grasps right wrist of opponent with his right hand.

HOLDt Roll to the right carrying opponent with you and turn over facing him.

BLOCK: Top manstraightens out and lies down to the left.

Inside Leg H ook_____HOLDi Bottom man hooks his Inside leg over his opponent's Inside leg and sits directly backward,pulllng the top man's leg Inward and forcing him over backward.

HOLDi He then turns in and comes up on top of his opponent.

COUNTER! Top man raises arm across opponent's face,pull­ing him backward and sideways and remains on top.

Forward SomersaultHOLD: Straighten thelegs and do a forward somersault over the arm that Is applying the bodylock, coming toaneutral position.

BLOCK: Trap his leg, preventing himfrom turning over.

COUNTER: As the opponent turns over, shift your hips across his body.

Hip Throw -O ver---------То Come fro m ___

__________Underneath

HOLD: Bottom man straightensout,throws hips and legs over top man's Ъаск In order to gain position on top.

Double WristlockHOLD> The bottom man hooks the arm that Is over his body and grasps the opponent's left wrist with h-ls right hand and grasps his own right wrist with his left hand.

HOLD: He then turns Inward, forcing up his opponent's arm, and comes out on top.

BLOCK: Top man shifts his hips to the front and over the arms ofhis opponent.

BREAK: From the block position grasp your own hand and pull upward.

The KeylockHOLD: A follow up of the double -wrlstlock by coming on around to the front and shifting your opposite hand to the wrist and wrapping the other arm around the opponent's arm.

HOLD: It Is sometimesworked as the opponent tries a slt-through,by getting a wrlstlock on his Inside hand and then going directly In­to the keylock.

BREAK: Before the op­ponent has the arm all the way behind you,In­terlock your hands and straighten your arms.

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Arm and Head PullHOLDi The bottom man often works this when he slts-through and falls to get free. If the opponent's head Is too far forward, reach up and grab It In a head-and-armlock and pull him over your shoulder.

BREAK: Top man steps quickly around to the front and pushes hisbody into the opponent's.

DEFINITIONSAGGRESSOR: The wrestler who Is attacking or advancing.

ALL FOURS: Position of a man on his hands and knees on the mat.

BLOCK: Any movement that is performed by the defensive wrestler toprevent his opponent from taking or securing a hold.

BREAK: Any movement that Is performed by the defensive wrestler tobreak a hold which the aggressor has taken.

BRIDGE: Done by arching the back and neck Into a span bend usingthe head to lift shoulders free of the mat to prevent a pin.

COUNTER: A hold secured by the defensive wrestler which will coun­teract the opponent's hold and give defensive wrestler advantage.

DEFENSIVE WRESTLER: The man who 1 s on the defensive and upon whomthe hold Is being worked is known as the defensive wrestler.

FAR ARM OR FAR LEG: The arm or leg of the opponent which Is far­thest from the man behind when the wrestlers are In the referee's po­sition on the mat (see Illustration on p. 32).

GRAPEVINE: The leg of one wrestler intertwined with the leg of theopponent.

INTERLACING HANDS: (Illegal) Intertwining of the fingers. Thismovement Is prohibited to prevent Injury to the fingers.

INTERLOCKING OF HANDS: Cupping the fingers and locking the hands withone another Is known as Interlocking the hands.

NEAR ARM OR LEG: The arm or leg of the opponent which Is near­est the man behind when the wrestlers are In the referee's position on the mat (see Illustration on p. 32).

OFF-BALANCE HOLD: Used to take a man to the mat or while on the matto break down the position on all fours.

OFFENSIVE WRESTLER: The man who Is the aggressor and worklng thehold Is called the offensive wrestler.

REFEREE'S HOLD: (Standing) This Is really a misnomer, as wrestlersare not required to take any set position while In a standing posi­tion. It Is used, however, to describe the position where two wres­tlers Interlock In head-to-head position.

RIDING HOLD: Any hold that is taken primarily to keep the positionbehind In preventing the defensive wrestler from escaping.

INDEX

ДІЇ fours................................... (definition) 2Arm,

- and head pu l l ....................................... 89bar -,

- and far half nelson............................. 53- and a far wrlstlock............................. 52figure-four scissors on the head and - ......... 66-67front headlock and reverse - ................... 14-15

- crush............................................ 34-35- drag, slt-through and .............................. 77far - ..................................... (definition) 2

arm hook and - across the fa c e .................... 76body scissors and - ............................ 60-61cross face, - used to go behind................... 21- outside,..................................... 38-39

- .near leg outside........................... 33side chancery and - ............................... 22

- hook and far arm across the f a c e .................... 76near - .................................. (definition) 2

- scissors and far half nelson............... 48-49short - scissors,.................................. 62-63

reverse - ............................... . . . . . 64standing - d r a g .................................... 24-25

gackheel,single leg dive with - ................................. 9standing - , position behind ...................... 27

Bar arm,- and far half nelson................................. 53- and a far wrlstlock................................. 52reverse - ,figure-four scissors on the head and - .............66-67- and front headlock............................ 14-15

Block ........................................ (definition) 2Body,

position behind, standing - lock and throw............ 28- scissors and far a r m ............................. 60-61

Bottom position, holds worked from .................... 72-89Break ........................................ (definition) 2Breaks for position behind................................ 29Bridge........................................ (definition) 2

Qradle h o l d ............................................. 43Chancery and far arm, side................................ 22Counter ...................................... (definition) 2

Counters Гог position behind............................... 29Cross-body r i d e........................................ 68-69Cross-face, far arm used to go behind.......................21Crush, a r m ............................................. 34-35

Qefenslve wrestler............................ (definition) 2Dip from a stand.......................................... 20Dive,

double leg - ......................................... 6-7single leg - with backheel.............................. 9

Double,- leg di v e ........................................... 6-7- outside leg grapevine and reverse head ............... 58- reverse wlnglock ................................ 18-19- wrlstlock..................................... .86-87

Drag,slt-through and arm - ................................. 77standing arm - ..................................... 24-25

Drop, go behind, single knee................................8

pace, arm hook and far arm across the ................... 76Far,- a r m , .................................... (definition) 2

arm hook and - across the face................... 76body scissors and - . . . . . . . . . . 60-61cross-face, - used to go behindoutside - , ..........

- , near leg outsideside chancery and - . .

- half nelson,bar arm and - .........near arm scissors and -- and near wrlstlock . .

- leg........................ .2 (definition),40-41step over - ............

- wrlstlock.bar arm and - ..........near half nelson and . .

Forward somersault ..............Forward trip, position behind . .Fours, a l l ......................Front headlock, ................

- and reverse arm bar . . . .Figure-four scissors, ..........

- on the head and reverse bar arm . .

Q o behind,cross-face, far arm used to - .........................21- , single knee d r o p .................................. 8standing - ............................................ 23

Grapevine..............................double outside leg - and reverse head outside leg - and underarm ........

(definition) 2........... 58 80

|-|а1Г nelson,........................................... 44-45far - and near wrlstlock.............................. 51near - and far wrlstlock.............................. 50near arm scissors and - ............................ 48-49

Hands,Interlacing - ......................... def. 2, lllust. 70Interlocking - ........................ def. 2, lllust. 70

Head, arm and - pu l l ...................................... 89double outside leg grapevine and reverse - ............. 58figure-four scissors on the and reverse bar arm . . .66-67

Headlock, front......................................... 12-13- and reverse bar a r m ............................. 14-15

Hip,- throw-over to come from underneath................... 85variation of - throw................................... 16

Hold,cradle - ............................................... 43off-balance - ...............................(definition) 2referee's - ................................ (definition) 2riding - .................................. (definition) 2

Holds,- worked from bottom position ...................... 72-89- worked from a standing position .....................4-29- worked from a top position.........................32-69

Hook,arm - and far arm across the face.................. 76 76Inside leg - ........................................ 82-83leg - and wrist ro l l ....................................81

Interlacing hands ........................ def. 2, lllust. 70Interlocking hands........................ def. 2, lllust. 70

Jackknlf e ..............................................54-55

K e y l o c k ................................................................................................................... 88

Knee drop, go behind, single .............................. 8

[_eg,-dive,

double - ........................................... 6-7single - with backheel............................... 9

far - .......................... 2 (definition), 40-41step over - ......................................... 42

- grapevine and reverse head, double outside- hook and wrist roll ....................

5881

Inside - h o o k ....................................... 82-83near - ................................... (definition) 2

far arm outside, - outside........................... 33outside - grapevine and underarm ....................... 80-spilt.............................................. 56-57

Locked position standing ................................ 5

y^at, referee's position on t h e ...........................32

|\Jelson,half - ............................................ 44-45

bar arm and far - ................................... 53far - and near wrlstlock............................ 51near - and far wrlstlock............................ 50near arm scissors and far - ...................... 48-49

three-quarters - .................................... 46-47Near,

- arm, (definition) 2- scissors and far half nelson................. 48-49

- half nelson and far wrlstlock........................ 50- leg, .................................... (definition) 2

- out side, far arm outside....................... 33far half nelson and - wrlstlock.................... 51

- wrlstlock, far half nelson a n d ...................... 51

Qutslde,far arm - ........................................ 38-39far arm - , near leg - ..................................33- leg grapevine and reverse head, double .............. 58- leg grapevine and underarm........................... 80

position,- behind,

counters and breaks for - .........................29- , forward t rip..................................^26- , standing backheel ............................ 27- , standing headlock and throw .................. 28

bottom - , holds worked from 72-89locked - standing..................................... 5referee's - ........................................... 32standing,.............................................. 4

holds worked from - ............................. 4-29top - , holds worked f r o m ...........................32-69

Pull, arm and h e a d ........................................ 89

[Referee's hold .............................. (definition) 2Referee's position on the m a t ............................. 32Reverse,

- bar arm,figure-four scissors on the head and - ......... 66-67front headlock and - ...........................14-15

- head, double outside leg grapevine a n d .............. 58- short arm scissors.................................. 64- wlnglock,

double - ....................................... 18-19single - .......................................... 17

Ride,cross-body - ....................................... 68-69wrlstlock used as a - .............................. 36-37

Roll, leg hook and wrist.................................. 81

gclssors,body - and far a r m ................................. 60-61figure-four - ......................................... 65

- on the head and reverse bar a r m .............. 66-67short arm - , ...................................... 62-63

reverse - ......................................... 64Side chancery and far a r m ................................. 22Single,

- leg dive with backheel............................... 9- knee drop, go behind........................ 8- reverse wlnglock.................................... 17- wlnglock............................................ 71

Slt-through, - ......................................... 74-75- and arm drag........................................ 77

Somersault, forward ...................................... 84Step over far l e g ......................................... 42Split, l e g ............................................. 56-57Stand, dip from a ......................................... 20Standing,

- arm d r a g ......................................... 24-25- backheel, position behind .......................... 27- bodylock and throw, position behind ................ 28- go behind........................................... 23locked position - ...................................... 5- position.............................................. 4

holds worked from a - ........................... 4-29- switch........................................... 10-11

Step over far l e g ......................................... 42Stretcher................................................. 59Switch.................................................. 78-79

standing - ......................................... 10-11

"phree-quarters nelson................................. 46-47Throw,

position behind, standing bodylock and - .............. 28

variation of hip - ....................... 16Throw-over to come from underneath, h i p ................... 85Top position, holds worked f r o m ........................ 32-69Trip, position behind, forward............................ 26

JJnderarm, outside leg grapevine and....................... 80Underneath, hip throw-over to come fr o m .................... 85

yarlatlon of hip throw................................... 16

^lnglock,reverse - ........................................ 18-19

double - .......................................... 17single - ................................... . 72-73

single - Wrestler,

defensive - .............................. (definition) 2offensive - .............................. (definition) 2

Wrlstlock,double - ........................................... 86-87far - ,

bar arm and - ..................................... 52near half nelson and - ............................ 50

near - and far half nelson............................ 51- used as a ri d e.................................. 36-37