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Elbow and Forearm
Elbow
HumeroulnarHumeroradialRadioulnarSuperiorInferior
Bony Stability
Trochlea fossa and trochleaCoronoid processHumeroradial joint
Ligamentous Stability
Medial/ulnar collateralAnteriorPosteriorTransverse/obliqueLateral/radial collateralRadial collateralAnnularLateral ulnohumeral
Radioulnar Joint
Annular
Radioulnar JointQuadrate
Oblique
Interosseous Membrane
Anterior and posterior radioulnar ligaments (distal)
Elbow Injuries
Lateral EpicondylitisECRBFaulty mechanicsOff-center ball contactGrip tightnessRacquet vibration
Elbow Injuries
Medial EpicondylitisEccentric wrist flexorsHigh velocity valgus extensionPT, FCR, FCU
Elbow Injuries
Valgus Extension Overload InjuriesValgus torqueElbow extension
Valgus Extension Overload Injuries
Valgus Extension Overload Injuries
Valgus Extension Overload Injuries
Valgus Extension Overload Injuries
Valgus Extension Overload Injuries
End of cocking phase Resisted by ER 1650 / Flexion 950
Elbow 50 - 90 ft-lbs.Shoulder 50 ft-lbs. / 70 lbs. anterior
Valgus Extension Overload Injuries
Valgus Extension Overload Injuries
Medial injuries:epicondylitisulnar collateral ligamentavulsion fxnerve damage
Valgus Extension Overload Injuries
lateral injuries:radial head/capitulum compressioninflammationchondromalaciaosteophytenecrosis
Elbow Injuries
Distal humeral Fx supracondylar
intercondylar
condylar
epicondylar
Elbow Injuries
Dislocation> 3x less likely to dislocate than shoulder
athletic injuries
collateral ligaments
hyperextension and valgus
Elbow Injuries
Fxulna
olecranon 20 direct or indirect impact
radius radial head 20 fall w/ dislocation
Radial and Ulnar Fx.
Monteggia fx - proximal radius and/or ulna
Radial and Ulnar Fx.
Monteggia fx
Radial and Ulnar Fx.
Galeazzi - distal 1/3 radius 20 fall on outstretched arm
Nightstick - isolated ulna
Distal Radius - account for up to 17% of all fractures
Distal Radial Fx
I - bending Colles - volar tensionSmith - dorsal tension
II - shear (Barton’s)
III - compressive
Distal Radial Fx
IV - avulsion
V - combination
