Chalmers University of Technology
Speed (rpm)
0 5000 10000
EM
Tor
que
(Nm
)
0
50
100
908050
9496
908050
94
Speed (rpm)
0 5000 10000
EM
Tor
que
(Nm
)0
50
100
98
9480
98
98
9480
98
SOC (%)0 20 40 60 80 100
Vol
tage
(V)
200
250
300
350
400
450
329 V
401 V
412 V
245 V
Voc
Vt @ P max
Vt, max
Vt, min
Time (s)0 500 1000 1500 2000
Spee
d (k
m/h
)
0
50
100
150
Speed (rpm)
2000 6000 10000
Torq
ue (N
m)
0
50
100
150
508090
95
98
• Wh• Wh/km• SOC(%)
Electric Drive system Scaling - Influence on Acceleration,
Energy Use and Cost
Department of Energy and Environment
Emma Arfa GrunditzDivision of Electric Power Engineering
[email protected]
Investigates the consequence ono Performanceo energy
consumptiono costwhile scaling the electric drive system 50%-200%
of a Small and Large electric car.
Purpose
Conclusions
Results• Drive cycle energy consumption per distance (Wh/km)
o Low speedo Middle speedo High speed
• Acceleration time (s)o 0-50 km/ho 0-100 km/h
Method & Modelling• Axial scaling of the active length
of
the permanent magnet motor…• … and rewinding to keep base speed•
Scalable inverter module model• Vehicle Simulink model with
load
dependent models
• Lowest Wh/km: 96% for Small car, 97% for Large Car •
Down-scaling to 70% is possible and still manage all drive cycles •
Then 0-100 increase 2 s• The cost decrease 10% for Small system and
15% for Large
M
Inverter
Battery
Electricmachine
VDC
Singlespeedgear
Driving wheel pair
Differential
200%50%
Cost estimation• Motor subparts
o Core laminationo Windingo Magnets (NdFeB)o Housingo Frame
• Inverter subpartso Power moduleo DC-Link capacitoro Driver and
Controller cardso Busbarso Housing
Speed
Torq
ue
200%
50%
EM scaling (%)50 100 150 200
Nor
m. E
batt
ery
(%)
94
96
98
100
102
104
106
108
110
112ECEWLTC Low
jc08FTP72 (UDDS)WLTC MdlSC03NYCCArtemis URBANNEDC
WLTC HghArtemis RURALEUDCWLTCLA92 (UC)HWFETREP05
WLTC ExtrHghUS06ArtemisMW130
Small
EM scaling (%)50 100 150 200
Nor
m. E
batt
ery
(%)
96
98
100
102
104
106
108
110
112 ECEWLTC Low
jc08FTP72 (UDDS)WLTC MdlSC03NYCCArtemis URBANNEDC
WLTC HghArtemis RURALEUDCWLTCLA92 (UC)HWFETREP05
WLTC ExtrHghUS06ArtemisMW130
Large
0 100 200 300 400 5000
5
10
15
20
25
30
Tim
e (s
)
Max. EM Torque (Nm)
Small - 0-100km/hSmall - 0-50km/hLarge - 0-100km/hLarge
0-50km/h
1214
1618
21
111213
1518
21
Electric Drive system Scaling - Influence on Acceleration,
Energy Use and Cost
