Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Presentations from the International Workshop on Energy Storage Technologies and Applications, April 2013, ADB Headquarters, Manila
Citation preview
Electric vehicles and
battery technology –
a game changer
Sohail Hasnie Principal Energy Specialist Southeast Asia Department Asian Development Bank
Outline
• Paradigm Shift
• E-trike Pilot
• Scale up in the Philippines
• Scale up in the ASEAN region
We cannot solve our
problems
(Climate Change)
with the
same thinking
we used when
we created them.
Paradigm Shift!
Electric Car
Source: David Beeton
Paradigm Shift: Electric cars are not so slow!
Source: http://www.teslamotors.com/
Where?
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/electric_vehicles/pdfs/eveverywhere_blueprint.pdf
Cost of batteries
Source: http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/the_cost_of_portable_power
How much for Lithium Ion battery:
$/kWh? $500/kWh or $1000 / kWh
Tesla: 40 kWh $20,000 ----- $40,000
Nissan Leaf: 24 kWh $12,000 ---- $24,000
Philippine e-Trike: 3 kWh $1,500 ---- $3,000
Paradigm Shift
Data storage (kbytes)
vs
Energy storage (kWhs)
Density changes: data storage
40 KB (1982)
1.4 MB (1988)
2012
30 years
6,400,000 times increase!!!
256,000,000 KB
Price changes: data storage!!
Source: http://www.kotzendes-einhorn.de/blog/2011-06/the-hard-disk-youve-been-waiting-for-na-endlich/ say $256!
20 years!!
$300 /MB
to 0.1 c/MB
Storage Technology
• Price say about $400- $600 / kWh
• 24 kWh weighs 300 kg
• 80 Wh per kg
• If it reduces to say
• $50 / kWh
• 1000 Wh per kg
• Where will be renewable energy?
Skepticism? Denial?
Source: IEA
Source: unknown
“ever” !!!
Source:
Source:
Source:
• Question?
• How will your world will look like with
$50 / kWh
1000 Wh / kg
Car replacing remote distribution lines??
240 kWh can light up
1200, 20 Watt LEDs for 10 hours
One light every 50 meter …
60 km of public lighting!!!
Largest Battery Storage?
140 MW of wind and solar 1400 MW
36 MWh of storage 360 MWh
Goal: stable electricity supply using renewable energy
Source: http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20111230005239/en/China%E2%80%99s-State-Grid-BYD-Launch-World%E2%80%99s-Largest
Hybrid Car Carrier: Emerald Ace
Source: http://www.marinelink.com/news/completed-carrier-hybrid345892.aspx
Completed June 2012 • equipped with a hybrid electric power supply system
• 160kW solar generation system
• 2.2 MWh Lithium-ion battery storage
• when the ship is in berth, the batteries provide all the electricity
Electric boats?
Source: wikitravel
Source: wikipedia-Passenger solar boat Solifleur, Switzerland 1995
Source: http://www.aquawatt.at/en/electric-yacht-717.php
Commercially available
2 ferreis
900 ton ship
150 passengers
23 cars
six ton of Lithium Ion batteries
22 million pounds
Electric Ferries
Philippine E-Trike Project
•February 2013
Philippine E-Trike Project
Solution Space: Electric Vehicles
Range: 35-50 km Speed: 45 km/h NO Air-conditioners
Minimum Safety Standards
Price: $3,000 to 4,000 as
$4 per day 3-years Standard Warranty
24 kWh battery
160 km range
3 kWh battery
45 km range
Range: 350 km Speed: 200 km/h Air-conditioners Best Possible Safety Standards
Price: $35,000 3-years or 100,000 km Standard Warranty
Top of the Pyramid
Bottom of the Pyramid
Battery Choices Lead Acid
$800 Life: 200 charges
140 kg
slow-charge only
Lithium Ion
$1,500 Life: 2,000 charges
40 kg
slow and fast-charge
Pilot 1 (Dec 2010)
72% lighter
The 20 Unit Pilot
(April 2011 – ongoing)
More than
600,000 km
The 20 Unit Pilot
• Range test (continuous running)
A1: 72.53 km
A2: 90.33 km
B7: 41.89 km
B4: 62.21 km
A1: 72.53 km
A2: 90.33 km
B7: 41.89 km
B4: 62.21 km
Boracay
• 507 tricycles • Fare P75 to P100 per trip or P20 per passenger for an average of 10 passengers per trip. • Average fuel consumption: 6 liters per day • Pump price: P 64 per liter • Average P 700 net daily income daily • 40% drivers own tricycles: tricycle is shared by two to three drivers in a day. • Maximum of 9 passengers (3 front, 4 at the back, and 2 passengers behind the driver) • Luggage on the roof.
Proposed location for
charging stations
The 20 Unit Pilot • Grade test in Antipolo
The 20 Unit Pilot
Which one? side by side comparison (5-years of operation)
•Cost: $5,000 •Cost: $2,000
•Electricity: $3,000 •Gasoline: $7,000
Drivers save about $2,000over 5 years!!* * In addition e-trike may increase income by $9,000 over the 5-years
•Other maintenance: $2,000 •Other maintenance: $1,000
Total cost: $11,000 Total cost: $9,000
Source: David Beeton
Transformation through Energy Efficient
Electric Vehicle Systems – delivering an
end-to-end infrastructure solution
100,000 electric tricycles
Cost $500.0 million
Savings: $185 million per year
(500,000 liters/ day $500,000 / day)
Avoided CO2 emissions
• 400,000 tons per year
Electricity Demand
Demand: 6-60 MW peak
Energy: 300,000 MWh
Emissions: 160,000 tons
Design Contest Awards
E-trike Design
• “Sushi Concept”
2. Dimensions
Copyright 2012 Ichiro Hatayama
3. Space of Driver and Passenger Area
1260mm
Communicative interior
space
150mm 282mm
375mm
1055mm
1050mm 1560mm
1320mm
1420mm 1430mm
Getting on and off easily by low floor and step
Copyright 2012 Ichiro Hatayama
4. Materials of Picture Model
Front Roof Panel
GFRP
Windshield
Acrylic resin
Under Body Panel
Wood Panel
Rear Fender
GFRP
Canvas Top
Tarpaulin
Face Cowl
GFRP
Handle Bar
Moto bike handle bar
Front Fender
GFRP
Body Side Panel
GFRP
Copyright 2012 Ichiro Hatayama
Seat Leather
Synthetic leather
Rear Box
GFRP
Front Dash Cover
Wood panel
Floor
Wood panel
5. Rear Gate Utility
Copyright 2012 Ichiro Hatayama
Extra Storage
Box
Rope
Tools Box
Emergency Kit
First-aid Kit
Capacity : 32L
H : 430mm
W : 470mm
D : 160mm
90
°
6. Instrument Display Panel
Turn Signals
Battery Warning
Parking Brake
Menu Button
Turn Signals
Emergency
Indicator
High Beam Light
Odometer & Trip Meter Battery
Gauge
Speed Meter Position Display
D – N – R - P
Menu Button
Copyright 2012 Ichiro Hatayama
Communicative & Open air feeling
7. Scene Images
♪ ♪
♫
Inside ⇔ Outside
Copyright 2012 Ichiro Hatayama
1-3. Confirmation Points
• 1. Basic dimensions
• 2. Driver's seating position and passengers’ cabin layout
• 3. Getting “IN & OUT” accessibility
Copyright 2012 Ichiro Hatayama
Over 3.5M gas-fed Tricycles/Motorcycles
nationwide
20 E-Trike units Pilot Project in Mandaluyong
100,000 E-Trikes
Planned Transformation 2012-2016
Project Scale-Up
CO2 emissions
Replacing one gasoline trike with an e-trike will
save:
3.8 tons of CO2 per year
if electricity is from solar or wind or hydro sources
2.6 tons of CO2 per year
if electricity comes from the Philippine Grid
1.8 tons of CO2 per year
if electricity comes from 100% coal
Source: Asian Development Bank
Communications
• Website
• www.adb.org/etrike
• www.facebook.com/etrikephl
• www.twitter.com/etrikePHL
For more information on the project you may visit below
websites;
“Like” Us
Bidding process underway
Solar powered
e-Trikes!!
Next?
Project implemented over three stages (scale up – e-trike approach)
• Grant Financed Pilot
• (same as the Mandaluyong Pilot for 20 e-trikes)
• Tranche 1
• (same as phase 1: 20,000 e-trikes)
• Tranche 2
• (same as phase 2: 80,000 e-trikes)
E-vehicles involved
• Electric Cars
(for government fleet – lease for 5 years for pilot)
• E-trikes
(pilot then scale up, e-trike project model)
• E-motorbikes
(pilot then scale up, e-trike project model)
Assumptions
Assumptions
Prices
Passenger car (lease) 5000 per year per car
Tricycles (own with 5-year warranty) 5000 e-trikes
Motorcycles (purchase with 5-year warranty) 3000 e-motorcycles
Allocation by Country (number and type of vehicles)
Allocated Quantitities (number of vehicles)Pilot (grant) Type of vehicle Tranche 1 (loan) Tranche 2 (loan)
Philippines 50 Passenger car 10,000 25,000
Malaysia 50 Passenger car 5,000 10,000
Cambodia 100 e-trikes 10,000 20,000
Lao, PDR 100 e-trikes 5,000 10,000
Myanmar 100 e-trikes 5,000 10,000
Indonesia 500 e-motorcycles 100,000 200,000
Vietnam 500 e-motorcycles 100,000 200,000
We cannot solve our
problems
(Climate Change)
with the
same thinking
we used when
we created them.
Paradigm Shift!
