Electricity Demand Analysis

Rural Electricity Demand

Ø  In remote location where people never had electricity before, the power used by each household typically ranges from 80W to 120W or 200W. It varies by country, village, and project.

Ø  In larger communities and for small businesses, the demand in electricity increases with refrigerators, motors, etc.

Slide 2

Demand Profile - Example

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

Powe

r (kW

)

Time

MH Las Juntas, 2006

Source: Soluciones Practicas

Evening peak

Morning peak

Ø The maximum electricity use is usually at night for lighting and TV

Ø There is also electricity use in the morning for light for breakfast

Ø The rest of the day, usage is minimal, unless machinery or business uses it

Slide 3

Power rating & Energy use examples

Load Description" Qty"

Power Rating

(W)"

Total Power

(W)"

Operating Time (hrs/

day)"

Energy Consumption

(Wh/day)"

Incandescent Light Bulb 5 60 300 5 1500

Compact Fluorescent 5 13 65 5 325

Refrigerator 1 170 170 12 2040

Radio 1 30 30 4 120

Television 1 100 100 3 300 Clock or cell

charger 1 4 4 24 96

Slide 4

Qty Watts Total Power

Hours/day Inverter Efficiency

Wh / day

DC CFL 4 11W 44W 4 n/a 176 Wh

DC LED 2 1.5W 3W 11 n/a 33 Wh DC small TV 1 40W 40W 1.5 n/a 60 Wh

Total DC 87W 269 Wh AC load (Refrigerator)

1 170W 170W 12 85% 2400 Wh

TOTAL 193W 2669 Wh

Electrical Demand Analysis – Example 1

Notes: 1) Not all equipment is on at the same time, and some equipment have a surge when they start, so the total power rating needed maybe less or more than in this table. 2) This information needs to result from a credible survey of the user community, or be generated within the community

Demand Analysis Example 2

Ø This is an example of a table to estimate how power use in a village can grow over time.

Slide 6

Power Rating of Common Appliances Device Typical Rating (Watts)

Cell Phone charger 2-6W Light bulb - fluorescent 10W-15W Light bulb- incandescent 40W - 60W Radio 5-70W TV 20-100W Fan 10-30W Computer 80-150W Laptop Computer 20-80W Computer Printer 100-150W Coffee maker 1200W Iron for clothes 1500W Refrigerator (12 cu.ft) 90-400W, 1-4hr/day Drill (1/2”) 700W Circular saw 900W

Ø Use these typical values to estimate power in your own community or application

Group Exercise & Discussion

Ø Estimate the demand in your village at night if every house uses 3 light bulbs, and one house out of every 5 uses a color television. Start by documenting how many houses are in your village, and assume the use of old 60W incandescent light bulb.

Ø What can be done to provide as much light in each house while using less electricity?

Ø  In your village, how many people maximum could use an electrical iron at the same time during the day?

Slide 8