Elektrische Antriebssysteme für Luftfahrzeuge · Circuit Breaker • Switches • Cables ... and improved eStar 2, with Airbus and Diamond Aircraft . ... Maiden flight of the record

Elektrische Antriebssysteme für Luftfahrzeuge

Frank Anton Siemens AG eAircraft

Bayerischer Fliegertag 2017, Hirschaid

www.siemens.com

© Siemens AG 2017

© Siemens AG 2017 February 18th, 2017 Page 2 Dr. Frank Anton, Siemens AG eAircraft

We develop serial hybrid electric propulsion for aircraft

The technology is scalable, is making its way into small aircraft and, in the future, into commercial aircraft with 60 to 100 passengers.

Electric propulsion can reduce total cost of ownership

• Increase of aerodynamic efficiency by distributed propulsion

• Silent propulsion enables more operational hours per day

• Less fuel consumption and emission

Mobility is becoming electric – on land, at sea and in the air


Our core portfolio – electric propulsion units (EPU) for applications with high power/weight requirements

AC DC DC AC

DC DC

Storage

Power Distribution Motor1) Generator1)

Turbine / ICE

Propulsion System

Propulsion Unit • Motor • Inverter • Propeller • Gearbox

Power Generation • Generator • Inverter • Controller • Turbine/ICE3)

Power Distribution • Circuit Breaker • Switches • Cables • Connectors

Energy Storage • Battery Packs • Converter • BMS2)

1) E-machines are capable to fulfill “power generation” and/or “propulsion” depending on e.g. mission profile, requirements and/or mode of operation, 2) Battery Management System (BMS), 3) Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)


Siemens eAircraft has a Long Term Strategy: General Aviation Applications Lead the Way to Higher Power Classes

2011-2013 today 2030

Maturity phase production

Product development

Prototyping and design studies

Initial concepts

Siemens hybrid electric propulsion systems for aircraft Propeller aircraft

Regional aircraft, 60-100 seats

Solu

tions

LSA


With our partners we have continually extended the boundaries of electric flight. The year 2016 marks the beginning of real electric flight applications.

2011

Maiden flights of the DA36 e-Star, world‘s first hybrid-electric aircraft, and improved eStar 2, with Airbus and Diamond Aircraft

2013

Maiden flight of the fully electric WattsUp trainer with Pipistrel

2014

2016

Maiden flight of the record propulsion system SP260D in the Extra 330LE

2016

Maiden flight of the Magnus e-Fusion upset recovery trainer with SP45D65

¼ Megawatt


Magnus eFusion Maiden Flight on April 11, 2016 at Matkópuszta airfield

The eFusion of Magnus Aircraft Corp. (Hungary) is a two-seat side-by-side low-wing monoplane. Magnus gave it aerobatic capability, so it can serve for upset recovery training.

Siemens designed a safe and robust battery system for aviation use and optimized the electric propulsion system for application in the cost-sensitive segments of Very Light, Light Sport and Ultra Light Aircraft.

https://youtu.be/j3cNLsN-eCM

https://youtu.be/j3cNLsN-eCM


Magnus eFusion Fully electric aircraft propulsion system installed firewall-forward

Propulsion System Data

Power 45 kW MCP 60 kW MTOP 85 kW max.

Nmax 2500 rpm

DC-link voltage

350 VDC nominal, range (300 …450 V)

Torque MBoost 324 Nm

Battery 9 swap modules

Max. airspeed 97 KIAS

Battery system

Inverter

Auxiliary system

Electric Motor with Bearing

Controller

Cooling

Aircraft Data

Empty weight including batteries and parachute

410 kg

Maximum Takeoff Weight 600 kg

Wingspan 8.4 m

Length 6.6 m

Height 2.4 m


The world‘s most powerful hybrid-electric aircraft propulsion system

The HYPSTAIR propulsion system


The HYPSTAIR propulsion system 2 separate power paths for near-twin-like levels of redundancy

ICE

Inverter 1 Inverter 2

Battery

Prop

elle

r

Inverter 3 Inverter 4

Geno 1 E-Mot 1 Geno 2 E-Mot 2

Contr. Unit 1 Contr. Unit 2

Contr. Unit 3 Contr. Unit 4 Dual winding system e-motor

Dual winding system generator

Rotax 914 Inverter


Extra 330LE – Flying Testbed for ¼-MW class electric propulsion systems Maiden Flight on July 4, 2016 at Dinslaken Schwarze Heide airfield

*


The SP260D – Siemens Propulsion 260 kW Direct Drive electric motor Designed for aircraft propulsion

• SAFE Two electrically independent winding systems for internal redundancy

• POWERFUL 260 kW continuous power at 2500 RPM eliminating the need for a reduction gear

• EFFICIENT η = 95% at cruise power

• LIGHTWEIGHT 50 kg mass power density 5,2 kW/kg – unique for a direct drive e-motor in this power range

• ROBUST High coolant inlet temperature of 90 ºC

• EASY TO INTEGRATE Integrated propeller bearing


Siemens uses the Extra 330LE for flight tests and optimization of electric propulsion systems built around the SP260D electric motor.

Extra 330LE – Flying Testbed for ¼-MW class electric propulsion systems

*

* As rated in the Extra 330LE


Extra 330LE Maiden Flight on July 4, 2016 at Dinslaken Schwarze Heide airfield

*

https://youtu.be/fiu8TFnXYFY

https://youtu.be/fiu8TFnXYFY


Extra 330LE Maiden Flight on July 4, 2016 at Dinslaken Schwarze Heide airfield

Video: © Sebastian Lettau, journalist of Dorstener Zeitung

1.) Cessna, 130 kW 2.) Extra, 260 kW

https://youtu.be/wQQ-0HK_tCI

https://youtu.be/wQQ-0HK_tCI


Extra 330LE World Record Flight on November 25, 2016 at Dinslaken airfield

*


Electro Aerobatics?


Maiden flight of electric aerobatic Silence Twister „aEro“ by Hamilton on September 21st, 2016 at Raron Airport, Switzerland

Hamilton aEro: efficient and low noise, 60 kW

Fotos: © Jean-Marie Urlacher

slender fuselage

https://youtu.be/2f9iovtnRwU

https://youtu.be/2f9iovtnRwU


Maiden flight of emission free hydrogen fuel cell 4 seat electric aircraft „HY4“ by DLR and partners on September 29th, 2016 at Stuttgart Airport (Siemens not involved)

H2FLY


HEMEP – Hybrid Electric Multi Engine Plane

The project demonstrates the potential of a distributed propulsion configuration by implementing the following solutions: • Free-stream propeller integration

Improvement of the overall aircraft’s aerodynamics and total efficiency.

• Ultra-light/fully integrated e-Motor Use of lightweight materials and fully integrated design (e.g. integrated propeller bearing, electrical fuel pumps, direct cooling system).

• High-density battery integration An HV battery for silent and clean propulsion during taxi, take-off and as an emergency energy source during flight.


Economics and regulation push the aviation industry towards electrified propulsion

2016 – 2020 Hybrid Electric Systems Project

Airbus - Siemens

2030 Regional Aircraft possible 60-100 passengers, Hybrid Electric, 6-8 MW

2035+ Short Range Aircraft 150-200 passengers, 20MW

Maintenance, modific.,

insur., fees

Crew

15% 14% 100%

TCO Fuel

20%

Purchase

51%

1. Reduction of fuel consumption: main lever to reduce aircraft TCO (example 737-800)

2. Projected emission goals: can only be reached with disruptive concepts 1)

Major companies have realized this and define their roadmaps accordingly

2005 205020402030202020102010 2030 2050

CO2 mn ton

3. Customer perspective: extension of potential operating hours through noise reduction

1) IATA technology roadmap, June 2013

Possible through innovation of existing technologies

Requires biofuels and/or disruptive concepts (e.g. eAircraft)

EU agreement “Flight-path 2050”: 75% CO2 emission reduction


On April 7th, 2016, Airbus Group and Siemens AG have Signed a Long-Term Collaboration Agreement in the Field of Hybrid Electric Propulsion Systems


On April 7th, 2016, Airbus Group and Siemens AG have Signed a Long-Term Collaboration Agreement in the Field of Hybrid Electric Propulsion Systems

“We believe that by 2030 passenger aircraft below 100 seats could be propelled by hybrid propulsion systems...”

Airbus Group CEO Tom Enders

Siemens is determined to establish hybrid-electric propulsion systems for aircraft as a future business.

• Both companies take a significant joint development decision

• Demonstrate the technical feasibility of various hybrid-electric propulsion systems by 2020

• Assemble joint development team of some 200 employees

• Prototype propulsion systems ranging from a few 100 kW up to 10 MW and more

• for short, local trips with aircraft below 100 seats, helicopters or UAVs up to classic short and medium-range journeys.

• Target: breakthrough innovation in aerospace e-mobility


We expect e-propulsion to be the standard solution by 2050

Milestone outlook for e-propulsion market

Today 2050

Experimental flight with small certified aircraft demonstrated

Today

Market ramp-up for certified systems, e.g., two- and four-seaters

2022

Airlines offering scheduled flights based on hybrid-electric aircraft

2030 E-propulsion is the standard solution for all aircraft segments

2050

Fully electric flying for medium range (energy storage capacity sufficient)

2025

Market entry for ultra-light and military due to less strict certification rules

2018

Increasing dominance of electric propulsion

Source: eAircraft market evaluation Major milestones for portfolio roadmap


Next Steps: Aircraft that take Real Benefit from Elecric Propulsion

• Decrease of Fuel Consumption and Emission, useful Range

• Increase of Electric Efficiency Silent Propulsion

• Increase of Aerodynamic Efficiency

• STOL, VTOL

• Hybrid-Electric Propulsion System

• Separation of Power Generation from Thrust Generation

• Distributed Propulsion

• Vectorized Thrust



Define:

• Mission Profile

• Electric Aircraft Design











Electric propulsion leads to unprecedented design opportunities

1) 2)

3) 4)







Distributed propulsion enables operational advantages

• Reduction of lift-induced drag and wetted surface

• Differential thrust eliminating stabilizer

• Energy recuperation







• Higher lift due to increased kinetic energy in the propeller slip stream

• Reduction of wing area drag reduction








Thank you for your attention

siemens.com

Dr. Frank Anton Head eAircraft

Siemens AG

eAircraft

CT N47S AIR

Guenther-Scharowsky-Strasse 1

D-91058 Erlangen

Phone: +49-9131-737 320

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

Elektrische Antriebssysteme für Luftfahrzeuge · Circuit Breaker • Switches • Cables ... and improved eStar 2, with Airbus and Diamond Aircraft . ... Maiden flight of the record