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Elemental Sulfur from Canada
Investigation No. AA1921-127 (Review)
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Publication 3152 January 1999
. U.S. International Trade Commission
Washington, DC 20436
U.S. International Trade Commission
COMMISSIONERS
Lynn M. Bragg, Chairman Marcia E. Miller, Vice Chairman
Carol T. Crawford Jennifer A. Hillman
Stephen Koplan Thelma J. Askey
Robert A. Rogowsky Director of Operations
Staff assigned
Jim McClure, Investigator Cynthia Trainor, Industry Analyst
Stephen Wanser, Economist Jerry Tepper, Accountant Marc Bernstein, Attorney
Gracemary Rizzo, Attorney Vera Libeau, Supervisory Investigator
Address all communications to Secretary to the Commission
United States International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436
U.S. International Trade Commission
Washington, DC 20436
Elemental Sulfur from Canada
Publication 3152 January 1999
CONTENTS
Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Views of the Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Information obtained in the review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3 The original investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3 Commerce's final results of expedited sunset review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4
The product ..................................................... ,............. I-5 Production processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5
Frasch process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6 Recovered process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Environmental issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-7 Industry characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-8
U.S. imports and consumption ................... .'... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-9 The U.S. industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-11
Frasch production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-11 Recovered production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13 Industry operating capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14 Export markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-14 Financial information......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14 Stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
U.S. importers .................. :............................................ I-17 The Canadian industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-18 Factors affecting prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-18
Costs of production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18 Transportation costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19 Exchange rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19 Pricing practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
Price data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22 Likely effects of revocation 1-23
Appendixes
A. Federal Register notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 B. U.S. elemental sulfur producers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1 C. Canadian elemental sulfur producers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Figures
1. Elemental sulfur: U.S. production, imports, exports, and apparent consumption, 1970-97 (selected years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
2. Exchange rates: Indexes of exchange rates of the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar, by year, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, and 1990-97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
CONTENTS
Tables.
1. Elemental sulfur: U.S. production (by process), imports, exports, and apparent consumption, 1970-97 (selected years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
2. Elemental sulfur: Price data for selected ports, by year (1985-96) and by quarter (January 1997-0ctober 1998) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
3. Elemental sulfur: Estimated prices, Frasch and recovered, 1986-95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
Name/agency/phrase
GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS (In order of appearance)
U.S. International Trade Commission .................................. . Federal Register .................................................. . U.S. Department of Commerce ....................................... . Freeport-McMoRan Sulfur, Inc. . ..................................... . Staff Report to the Commission in Investigation No. AA 1921-127
(Oct. 12, 1973) .................................................. . Husky Oil, Ltd. . .................................................. . U.S. Geological Survey ............................................. . U.S. Customs Service .............................................. . U.S. Bureau of Mines .............................................. . FERTECON International ........................................... . Green Markets, Fertilizer Market Intelligence Weekly ..................... .
Abbreviation
Commission FR
Commerce Freeport Sulfur
Report Husky USGS
Customs USBM
FERTECON Green Markets
Note.-Information that would reveal confidential operations of individual concerns may not be published and therefore has been deleted from this report. Such deletions are indicated by asterisks.
ii
UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION
Investigation No. AA1921-l27 (Review)
ELEMENTAL SULFUR FROM CANADA
DETERMINATION
On the basis of the record' developed in the subject five-year review, the United States International Trade Commission detennines, pursuant to section 751 ( c) of the Tariff Act of 1930 ( 19 U.S.C. 1675(c)) (the Act), that revocation of the antidumping duty finding on elemental sulfur from Canada would not be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury to an industry in the United States within a reasonably foreseeable time.
BACKGROUND
The Commission instituted this review on August 3, 1998 (63 FR 41280) and detennined on November 5, 1998 that it would conduct an expedited review (63 FR 64275, November 19, 1998).
1 The record is defined in sec. 207.2(f) of the Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure (19 CFR 207.2(f)).
VIEWS OF THE COMMISSION
Based on the record in this five-year review, we determine under section 751(c) of the Tariff Act
of 1930, as amended ("the Act"), that revocation of the antidumping finding concerning elemental sulfur
from Canada is not likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury to an industry in the
United States within a reasonably foreseeable time.
I. BACKGROUND
In October 1973, the U.S. Tariff Commission determined that an industry in the United States
was likely to be injured by reason of dumped imports of elemental sulfur from Canada pursuant to
Section 201 of the Antidumping Act, 1921. Subsequently, the Department of Treasury issued an
antidumping finding covering these imports.1 On August 3, 1998, the Commission instituted a review
pursuant to section 751 ( c) of the Act to determine whether revocation of the anti dumping finding on
elemental sulfur from Canada would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury
within a reasonably foreseeable time.2
In five-year reviews, the Commission first determines whether to conduct a full review (which
would include a public hearing, the issuance of