Eletroerosão FW User's Manual-Appendix1 ISO Codes

7/21/2019 Eletroeroso FW User's Manual-Appendix1 ISO Codes

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FW Appendix1ISO codes - 1 -

1 Introduction .......................................................3

1.1 Character set...............................................3

1.2 Word............................................................3

1.3 Address .......................................................3

1.4 Code and data.............................................4

1.5 Coordinate system.......................................5

1.6 About explanations ......................................5

2 Block .................................................................6

2.1 Definition .....................................................6

2.2 Restrictions in a block..................................6

3 Sequence No. ..................................................74 Block skip "/" .....................................................8

5 G codes.............................................................9

5.1 G00 (Positioning and movement) ..............10

5.2 G01 (Linear Interpolation).......................... 11

5.3 G02, G03 ( Circular interpolation) ...........12

5.4 G04 (Pause command) .............................13

5.5 G05, G06, G07, G08, G09 (Mirror image,

X-Y exchange, mirror image and exchange

cancellation) ....................................................14

5.6 G11, G12 (Skip ON/OFF) ..........................15

5.7 G20, G21 (Unit selection) ..........................16

5.8 G25 ( return to specified coordinate zero

point) ...............................................................16

5.9 G26, G27(Graph rotation)..........................17

5.10 G28, G29 (Sharp corner transition

tactics) .............................................................17

5.11 G30, G31 (Extention of a given

distance)..........................................................18

5.12 G34, G35 (Start and cancel reduced speed

cutting) ............................................................18

5.13 G37, G36 (Extension of a given distance

from the point of inflexion) ...............................19

5.14 G40, G41, G42 (Offset and

cancellation) ....................................................21

5.15 G50, G51, G52 (Taper cutting) ............... 27

5.16G54,G55,G56,G57,G58,G59(Coordinate

System 05)...................................................27

Contents

FW

Appendix1: ISO Codes


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- 2 - Appendix1ISO codes FW

5.17 G60, G61 (Upper and lower

heteromorphism)..............................................28

5.18 G74, G75 (Four axes moved

simultaneously)................................................29

5.19 G80 (Contact) ..........................................30

5.20 G81 (Back to machine limit).....................31

5.21 G82 (Half way movement) .......................31

5.22 G90, G91 (Absolute / Incremental

coordinate command) ......................................31

5.23G92 (Setting coordinate value for current

point)................................................................32

6 X, Y, U, V (I, J) axes ........................................32

7 Taper cutting....................................................337.1 Input parameters for taper cutting..............33

7.2 Starting of taper cutting..............................34

7.3 Connection in taper cutting ........................35

7.4 Conical angle and striking R......................37

7.5 Constant taper and variable taper..............39

8 M code.............................................................40

8.1 M00 (Pause command) .............................40

8.2 M02 (Program end)....................................40

8.3 M05 (Contact neglect)................................40

8.4 M98 (Subprogram call) ..............................41

8.5 M99 (Subprogram end)..............................41

9 Subprogram.....................................................41

10 Calculation .......................................................43

11 H Code (Offset) ..............................................43

12 R striking angle function...................................44

13 T code ..............................................................46


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1 Introduction

1.1 Character set

The following characters can be used in this system:

Numbers: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Alphabets: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Special characters: + - ; / space . ( )

Note: In this program system, small letters are the same as capital letters in

meaning.

1.2 Word

A word consists of an address and a corresponding data. It's the basic unit of programs.

A word = an address + data

For example: G00, M05, T84 , GO1, X17.88, etc.

1.3 Add ress

An address is composed of one or more alphabets, which determines the meaning of

following data or code.

The addresses usable in this system and their meanings are shown in the following table:

Address Meaning Address Meaning

N,O Sequence No. A Conical angle

G Preparation function C Designing machining conditions

X,Y,U, V Determining the distance to move R Striking angle R function

I,J Determining the centre of an arc RARotary angle of graph or

coordinate

TMechanical equipments control or

set timeM Auxiliary functions

D,H Offset designation LNumber of times of subprogram

call

P Sub-program call


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1.4 Code and data

The input format of code and data is as follows:

C: A machining condition number can be followed by a 3-digit number. There are forty

machining conditions ( C000 to C039). For example: C000, C039, C009.

D/H: A compensation code can be followed by a 3-digit number. Every code stands for a

specific value. In total, there are one hundred compensation codes ( H000 to H099).

The value of D/H codes' ranges +/-99999. 999 mm (or +/-9999.9999"), For example:

H000, H009.

G: preparation function, it can be followed by a 2-digit number, which determines linear or

circular interpolation. for example: G00,G01, G02, G54, G17, etc.

I,J: The centre coordinate of an arc, the scope of the followed data is +/- 99999.999 mm

(or +/-9999.9999"). For example: I5., J10..

L: Number of times of a subprogram call. It can be followed by a number of 1-digit, 2-digit

or 3-digit.the max. times of call is 999. For example: l5, L99.

M: Auxiliary function code, it can be followed by a 2-digit number, such as M00, M02, M05.

N/O: Program's sequence number, it can be followed by a 4-digit number. For example:

N0000,

N1000.

P: Sequence No. of the subprogram to be called, it can be followed by a 4-digit number. e.g.:

P0001, P0100.

T: It indicates some control functions of machine tool. It's followed by a 2-digit number. For

example : T84, T85, etc; Or it can set time, e.g.:T3.( the metric system indicates 3

seconds, the inches system indicates 30 seconds), T3000(the metric and the inches all

indicate 3 seconds).

X,Y,U,V: Coordinate code, to determine the distance to move. The following data should be

among +/- 99999.999 mm (or +/-9999.9999").

A: Specification of a conical angle, it can be input 0 .

R: Corner R function, the following data is radius of the interposed arc, and it can't be over

than 99999.999 mm.


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1.5 Coordinate s ystem

There are the following two coordinate systems in this system: absolute and incremental.

In absolute coordinate system, the origin of the selected coordinate system is the reference

point when calculating coordinate value of any point. While, in incremental coordinate

system, the previous point is the reference point to calculate coordinate value of the current

point.

The following is the program to move

from point A to point B in different modes:

In absolute mode:G90 G92 X10. Y5.;

G01 X15. Y10.;

In incremental mode:

G91 G92 X0. Y0.;

G01 X5. Y5. ;

1.6 About explanations

In NC progr am, characters between " (" and " )" are regarded as explanation, and they

won't be executed.

For example:

(Main program);..................................explanation

G90 G92 X0 Y0;

M98 P0010;

G05; (X mirror image ON);........................explanation

M98 P0010;

G06; (Y mirror image ON);........................explanation

M98 P0010;

G09; (Mirror image cancel )....................explanation

M02;

;

(Subprogram);....................................explanation

N0010;

G41 H000;


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G01 X5. Y10.;

X15.;

G03 X23.6602 Y25.0 I8.66 J5.0;

G01 X5.;

Y10.;

G40 X0. Y0;

M99;

2 Block

2.1 Definition

A block is one l ine o f NC p rogram, which star ts by an address or sym bol " /" , ends by

symbol ";" . A NC program consists of a series of blocks.

2.2 Restrictions in a block

[1] If more than one axis ( X,Y,U and V ) are included in a block, these axes can be handled

simultaneously according to codes.

Example 1: G91 G00 X5. Y15. (It means that the worktable moves simultaneously

along X axis for 5 mm and for 15 mm along Y axis.

If you wish to move along X axis and Y axis sequentially, please place them in

different blocks .

Example 2 : G90 G00 X5. ;

Y15.;

The movement path of the above-mentioned two programs are different, as shown in

the following figures:

Example 1 Example 2


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[2] Two movement codes can't be included in one block. Otherwise, an error will occur.

Example: G00 X10. G01 Y-10. ;

Error .

It shall be modified as: G00 X10. ;

G01 Y-10. ;

[3] If the symbol of an axis appears more than one time in one block, an error will occur .

Example: G01 X10. Y20. X40. Error.

3 Sequence No.

A sequence No. is a number appended in front of each block, And it can be omitted. A

sequence No. should be started by an English character " N " or " O ", and followed by a

4-digit number. It indicates the relative position of blocks, which makes it easy to search for

a certain block. There are the following two goals to use sequence No.

[1] A serial No. for execution of a program .

[2] A mark for subprogram call

Example:

N0000;

G90 G54 C92 X0. Y0.;

T84;

C000;

M98 P0010;

C010;

M98 P0020;

T85;

M05 G00 Z10;

M02;

;

N0010;.....................Subprogram sequence No.

G01 X0;

M99;

;

N0020;

G02 X10. I5.;


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G02 X5. I-2.5;

G03 X0 I-2.5;

M99;

Note: N9140 , N9141, N9142 .................N9165 all are No. of fixed subprograms.

Users can't use these sequence No. in their own programs, while, users can call these fixed

subprograms.

4 Block skip "/"

When the status of " skip" is ON in the mark setting mod e, or G11 code is used, the

block s with t he symbol " /" at their head won't be executed, ie. these blocks are

skipped automatically. When the status of " skip" is off, or G12 code is used , these

block s will be executed .

Note: The symbol " /" should be at the head of a block .

Example:

N0000;

G90 G54 G92 X0 Y-10.;

G12;

G42 H0190;

M98 P0030;

G11;

G41 H0136;

M98 P0030;

M02;

;

N0030;

/G01 Z-1.;..............As the main program has the code G11", this block won't be

executed in the second call .

G01 Y0;

X-15.;

Y-30.;

X15.;

Y0;

X0;

G40 Y-10.;

M99;


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5 G codes

G codes can be classified into the following two types:

[1] A code of the first type is only effective in the block where such a code is included.

These codes are called non modular .For example: G80, G04, etc.

[2] A code of the second type is effective until another code of the same group appears.

These codes are called modular.

Example:

G00 X10.;

G00 is continuously effective.

Y10.;

G01 X20.; G01 is effective.

Table G-1----List of G codes.

G Codes Function Classification

A

G00

G01

G02

G03

High speed movement, positioning command

Linear interpolation Circular interpolation command

(clockwise) Circular interpolation

command(counterclockwise)

Modular

Modular

Modular

Modular

G04 Pause command

B

G05

G06

G07

G08

G09

X mirror image

Y mirror image

Z mirror image

X-Y exchange

-Y exchange and mirror image cancellation

Modular

Modular

Modular

Modular

Modular

CG11

G12

Skip ON

Skip OFF

Modular

Modular

DG26

G27

Graph rotation ON

Graph rotation OFF

Modular

Modular

EG28

G29

Sharp corner transition (circular)

Sharp corner transition (linear)

Modular

Modular

FG20

G21

Inch

Metric

Modular

Modular

G G30 Cycle timer type Modular


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G Codes Function Classification

G31 Cycle timer type Modular

HG34

G35

Start reduced speed cutting

Cancel reduced speed cutting

Modular

Modular

G36

G37

Cancel G 37 function

Extension of a given distance from the point of

inflexion

Modular

Modular

I

G40

G41

G42

Offset cancellation

Left offset

Right offset

Modular

Modular

Modular

J G45 Scaling Modular

K

G50

G51G52

Taper cancellation

Left taperRight taper

Modular

ModularModular

L

G54

G55

G56

G57

G58

G59

to select No.1 work coordinate system






Modular

Modular

Modular

Modular

Modular

Modular

M G60G61

Upper and lower heteromorphism OFFUpper and lower heteromorphism ON

ModularModular

NG74

G75

Four axes controlled simultaneously ON

Four axes controlled simultaneously OFF

Modular

Modular

O

G80

G81

G82

To move along an axis until contact

To move the worktable to its limit

Half way movement

PG90

G91

Absolute

Incremental

Modular

Modular

Q G92 To define the origin of coordinate

5.1 G00 (Position ing and movement)

G00 is used to move the worktable at high s peed. After th is comm and is executed, the

worktable moves to the desired positio n without machining.

Format: N **** G00 Axis 1 +/- Data1 + Axis 2+/- Data 2

It's okay either to move along one axis or move along two axes.


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Example 1: G00 X10.;

(One axis moves)

Example 2: G00 X10. Y20.;

(Two axes move )

Example 3: Error case: G00 X10.0 X20.0;

The symbol of " X axis " appears twice in one block.

Caution: No space or other characters can exist between the symbol of an axis

and the foll owing data. Otherwise, an error w ill occ ur. If the data is posi tive, the mark

" +" can be omitted.

Example 4: Error cases: G00 X 10.;

There is a space between "X" and the following data.

G00 XA10.;

There is a character between "X" and the data.

5.2 G01 (Linear Interpo latio n)

Users can define linear interpolation for one or more axes with G01 code.

Format: G01 axis +/- data

As up to four axes and data c an follow G01 code, the machining with single o r mo re

axes linear interpo lation can be don e .

Y

0 10 X

Y

20

0 10 X


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Example 1: Machining with single

axis C000 G01

X10.

Example 2: Machining with two axes

C010 G01 Y60. X70.

Caution: No space or other characters can exist between an axis symbol and

the following data. If the data is posit ive, the mark "+" can be omitted.

5.3 G02, G03 ( Circul ar interpol ation )

Users can define machining with circular interpolation with G02,G03 codes .

Format: {Plane selection} {Rotation direction} {Endpoint Incremental coordinate of the arc

center from the start point}

G02 /G03 X_ Y_ I_ J_ (G17)

G02 is the clockwis e circular interpolation command, and G03 is the countercloc kwise

circular interpolation command, as shown in the following figure (left):

G17 (seen from the positive direction of Z axis)

The end point shall be expressed in X,Y coordinates, which can be either absolute or

incremental corresponding to G90 or G91. The coordinate of the end point shall be the


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relative value from start point of the arc in incremental coordinate system (G91).The arc

centre's coordinate shall be expressed in I and J corresponding to X and Y axes, as shown

in the figure at the top (right):

Example: The following is a program for the path shown below.

G92 X10. Y20.;

G90 G02 X50.0 Y60.0 I40.0

G03 X80.0 Y20.0

Caution : If any one of I, J is zero, it can be omitted. But you can't omit both o f

them. Otherwise, an error w ill oc cur.

For example: G02 X50. Y20. J0.; can be modified as: G02 X50. Y20. I20.;

But if G02. X50. Y20. I0 J0; is changed as: G02 X50. Y20.; an error will occur.

5.4 G04 (Pause command)

Format: G04 X_;

With this co mmand, after one block is executed, the machine will stop for a certain

time before it starts to execute the next block. The number following t he character "X"

is the time to stop (unit : second ). The longest time to pause is 99999.999 seconds.

Example: To pause for 5.8 seconds.

Metric: G04 X5.8; or G04 X5800;

Inches: G04 X0.58; or G04 X5800;


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5.5 G05, G06, G07, G08, G09(Mirror image, X-Y exchange, mirror image and exchange

cancellation)

G05 is for X mirror image, G06 for Y mirror image, G08 for X-Y exchange, G09 for canceling

mirror image and X-Y exchange.

The codes of this group take effect only in run mode. These codes won't take effect in

manual mode, i.e. they only have effect on G00, G01, G02, G03.

G05: X mirror image means that the actual graph is the symmetry of program path round Y

axis, i.e., the X values in the actual path is the reverse of the X values in the program.

G06: Y mirror image means that the actual graph is the symmetry of program path round Xaxis.

Example: Mirror image of linear interpolation:

X mirror image Y mirror image

Note:

[1] For circular int erpolation, after X mirror i mage or Y mirror i mage command, G02

turns into G03, while G03 turns into G02.After both X and Y mirror imagecommand, these two codes remain unchanged.

[2] Please use G05 and G06 to prog ram both X and Y mirror i mage command, ie, Y


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mirror image after X mirror image. And it's all right to program G06 and G05,

which means that X mirror image is after Y mirror image. The results are the

same.

[3] Please use G09 to cancel mirro r image.

[4] Coordinates of X and Y can't be omitt ed in prog ram when G05, G06, G07 or G08 is

used.

eg. G05

G01 X10.0 Y0

G01 X10.0 Y10.0

G08: X-Y exchange. It means that X axis commands in program are actually executed along

Y axis, while Y axis commands in program are actually executed along X axis.

For example:

Note: please use G09 to canc el X-Y exchange.

5.6 G11, G12 (Skip ON/OFF)

The function of G11 and G12 codes is the same as the item of skip in marks and parameters

setting column. They determine whether to skip the blocks with "/" at their heads. When G11

code is used, the blocks with "/" at their heads won't be executed; when G12 code is used,

the symbol of "/" will be neglected, i.e., the blocks with "/" at their heads will be executed as

if the symbol of "/" doesn't exist.

Note: After G11 code is executed, the status of skip in the marks and parameters setting

column turns into "ON"; while, after G12 code is executed, it turns into "OFF".

For example:

G54 G90 G92 X0 Y0;

G11;

/G41 H001;..............................(A)

G01 X10.;


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Y10.;

/G02 X20. Y20. I10.;....................(B)

/M00;....................................(C)

G01 Y30.;

X0;

G40 G01 Y0;

M02;

The blocks of A, B and C won't be executed.

5.7 G20, G21 (Unit selection)

Users can determine whether the input sizes and data are in inches or metric (mm) by usingthese two codes.

G20 inch

G21 mm

Note: [1] Please place a code of this group at the beginning of an NC program.

[2] One mm can be written as 1. or 1000 when mm is selected as the unit, i.e.

1.0=1000=1. One inch can be written as 1. or 10000 when inch is selected as

the unit, i.e. 1.0=10000=1.

[3] 1 inch=25.4 mm

5.8 G25 ( return to specif ied coordinate zero point)

G25 is used to move axes back to zero point of the specified coordinate system.

Two methods of setting the origin:

[1] Under SET 0 page, select XYUV axes to set zero, which is zero point of the specified

coordinate system.

[2] During execution of NC code, if there is such a block as G92 X-Y-U-V, the value set by G92 is

the zero point.

The zero point which G25 returns to is the last specified zero point.

For example: In NC code, to return to the origin set by G58, use:

G58;

G25;

The axes will return to the set origin in G58.X axis will be performed first, then Y then U and last V axis.

Also, using manual RETN 0 function, the user can achieve this.


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5.9 G26, G27(Graph rotation)

G26 and G27 codes determine whether to execute graph rotation or not. Graph rotation

means that the program path rotates for a certain angle round the origin of G54 coordinate

system.

G26 Rotation ON

G27 Rotation OFF

The rotation angle can be directly

given by means of RA (expressed in

degree), as shown right.

RA60.;...The graph rotates through 60.

G26.;

Note: Please use G27 code to cancel graph rotation.

5.10 G28, G29 (Sharp corner transit ion tactics)

G28 and G29 codes are used to s elect tactics fo r sharp co rner transiti on.

G28 Circular sharp corner transition

G29 Linear sharp corner transition

G28 means to insert a transition arc at a sharp corner, while G29 means to insert three line

segments at a sharp corner, to ensure that sharp corners won't be injured.

Examples:

Circular sharp corner transition Linear sharp corner transition

Note:[1] The default for sharp corner transition is circular transition.

[2] When offset is zero, sharp corner transition becomes invalid.


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5.11 G30, G31 (Extention of a given dis tance)

G31 is used to extend G01 line segment from its end to a given distance along it.

Format: G31X__

The value after X is the given distance to extend and it should be more than or equal to zero in

accordance with the coordinate value.

e.g. G31X30; meaning the distance to extend is 30m.

G31 should be put at the beginning of the line segment to extend.

e.g. G31X0;

G41H000;

G31X1.0X10.0Y10.0;From now on, each line segment extends 1.0 mm from its end.

..

G30G01X0;

From now on, cancel the extention function.If G31X0 is added to the beginning of the NC code, the special treatment of the inner/outer angle

to the line or the arc will not be achieved. If no NC code the default treatment of inner/outer angle

will be carried out automatically. And the work-piece machined in this way will have more obvious

traces but this doesnt affect its measure accuracy and roughness, with sharp corner better.

When no G31 in the NC code, the default treatment is used.

G30 is used to cancel G31 function.

5.12 G34, G35 (Start and cancel reduced speed cutt ing )

G34: starts reduced speed machining from the 3mm point before G01/G02/G03 ends till the

point where this very block program finishes.

G35: cancels the reduced speed machining function specified by G34.

Note: that if there is no G34/G35 in NC files, the default state is reduced speed cutting

cancellation.


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5.13 G37, G36 (Extension of a given distance from the point of i nflexion )

G37 is used to extend G01, G02, G03 program segment a given distance from the

inflexion point, but it is only valid for the machining with X,Y axis and offset .

If the angle is inner one, G37 is

used to extend a given distance

along the bisector of the angle for

G01, G02, G03 program segment

from the inflexion point to the

outside

If the angle is outer one: when it is an

obtuse angle , extend a given distance

from its end or the arcs tangent for the

G01,G02, G03 program segment; When

it is a sharp angle, the linear sharp corner

transition tactics will be used automatically.

Sketch (an external angle90)

Sketch (arc-arc an external angle90 )

G36 is used to cancel G37 function

Format: G36;

G37 X_[T_]

Sketch


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Note:

1The matter in [ ] is a option, the format is G37X_ or G37X_T_;

The value after X is the extension distance and it should be more than zero. It is

determined in accordance with the wanted precision of work-piece. The value afterT is time out before start overcut and at the end point of every length in the course

of overcut, there is no time out at the end of overcut.

2If you want to obtain the better effect, it need other cooperation , for example :

increase properly tension, use filament and adjust the time out according to the

height of work-piece [we machined the work-piece: the height is 20mm, used

filament 0.15mm, static tension is 1250g (the balance weight of 0.2mm wire)

and time out is 8s(the thicker work-piece need longer time out), we obtained the

better effect].

Advise: use the following parameters for the narrow lacune(1mm ) :

Wire diameter: 0.120.15mm wire tension:1250g(static tension)

Note:

In the inner angle, the extension distance should not be too long;

Please place a code of this group in the program, and when you use G37, it must

use G36 before exit the program, G36 is used to cancel G37 function.

For example:

H000=+00000000 H001=+00000110;

H005=+00000000;T84 T86 G54 G90 G92X+1500Y-1500;

C007;

G01X+1500Y-1000;G04X0.0+H005;

G41H000;

C004;

G41H000;

G01X+1500Y+0;G04X0.0+H005;G41H001;

G37X0.05T5.;

X+0Y+0;G04X0.0+H005;

X+0Y+3000;G04X0.0+H005;

X+3000Y+3000;G04X0.0+H005;

X+3000Y+0;G04X0.0H005;

G36; from now on, cancel the extension function

X+1500Y+0;G04X0.0+H005;

G40H000G01X+1500Y-1000;

M00;

1-5 is program segment, you can use

G37 before the 1-4 program

segment, and you can use G36

before the 1-5 program segment.

from now on , each line segment extends 0.05mm

from its end along it or along the bisector of angle

towards the outside.(the internal angle is disposed

according to the bisector, the external angle is

disposed according to the elongation line).


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C007;

G01X+1500Y-1500;G04X0.0+H005;

T85 T87 M02;

Note:If G37X0 is added to the NC code, the special treatment of the inner/outer angle to the

line or the arc will not be achieved. If use G37X_[T_] in NC code, the treatment will be carried out

automatically(the value of X isnt zero). And the work-piece machined in this way will have more

obvious traces but this doesnt affect its measure accuracy and roughness, with sharp corner

better.

When no G37 in the NC code, the default treatment is used.

5.14 G40, G41, G42 (Offset and cancellat ion)

Offset function means to offset the program path to get the path of electrode centre. The

offset value is the electrode radius plus discharge gap. Both of left offset and right offset are

available (along the electrode feed direction).

G40 Electrode offset cancellation

G41 Electrode offset (left)

G42 Electrode offset (right)

Format: N**** G41/G42 H***

N**** G40;

Followings are examples for left and right offset:


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5.14.1 Offset (D, H)

Users can use an offset code (H***) to determine an offset value. Each offset code

corresponds to an offset value. These codes are stored in the file of offset. sys, which will

be loaded into the machine automatically after the machine is turned on. There are one

hundred offset codes from 0 to 99, the scope of value is from 0.001mm to 99999.999mm.

Users can use the following format to appoint a value to an offset code:

H***=________

5.14.2 Offset start

The first movement block

to offset is called offsetstart block, as shown in

the right figure:

Block I has no offset, the electrode centre's path coincides with the program path. Block II is

the offset starting block, while, as block III has offset from the beginning, it's called the block

with offset.

Caution: It's stipulated that movement commands in offset start block can only be

linear interpolation, i.e. , no circular interpolation command can be included.

Otherwise, an error w ill oc cur.


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Following are examples of offset starting: (All of the following is about left offset. And right

offset is the same).

5.14.3 Examples of offset


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2) Linear-circular


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5.14.4 Examples of offset cancellation

Note: [1] Offset cancellation can only be executed on line segment. An error will

occur if offset cancellation is programmed o n circular int erpolation.

Example: G40 G01 X0.;(Correct)

G40 G02 X20. Y0 I10. J0; (Error)

[2] Offset cancellation is c ontr olled by G40 code. When offs et value is zero,

the system will move from the current point to the next point directly as

if the off set were cancelled. But the of fset mode isn' t cancelled.

5.14.5 Change of offs et direction

When the offset direction is changed in offset mode (from G41 to G42, or from G42 to G41),

the electrode will move from the end offset point of the first block to the offset end point of

next block, as shown in the following example.


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H000=0;

H001=5.;

G90 G92 X0Y0;

G41 H001;

G01 X10.;

G01 X20.;

G42 H001;

G01 X40.;

G40 H000G01X40.Y1.;

M02;

5.14.6 G92 in off set mode

When G92 code is programmed in of fset mode, offset is cancelled temporarily.

However, offs et will be applied in the next block in

the same way as in offset starting block , as show n in

the following figure.

Example: N0001 G41 H000 G01 X300 Y900;

N0002 X300 Y600;

N0003 G92 X100 Y200;

N0004 G01 X400 Y400;

N0005

5.14.7 Overcut

When machining path is very small and electrode radius is large, overcut may occur. The

following are examples.

[1] In the following figure, if the

electrode radius is larger

than the circle radius.

Overcut will occur, as

shown below.

[2] If the electrode radius is large than offset value, overcut will occur, too.

[3] When overcut occurs, the program will stop.

Electrode path

Program path

4


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5.15 G50, G51, G52 (Taper cu tt ing)

Taper cutting is the cutting with wire clining at the desired angle along the defined direction.

G50 cancels taper.

G51 is used to define that wire clines to left (along wire feed direction).

G52 defines that wire clines to right (along wire feed direction).

5.16 G54,G55,G56,G57,G58,G59 (Coordinate System 05)

These codes are used to select workcoordinate system (05). In total, there

are six coordinate systems that can be

selected. Defining a coordinate system is

to facilitate programming. The codes of

this group can be used with G92.

G92 can only define a certain value as

coordinate of current point in work

coordinate system. It can't appoint this

value as coordinate of current point in all

coordinate systems.

G54 coordinate system 0






Example: G92 G54 X0 Y0;

G00 X100 Y100;

G92 G55 X0 Y0;

In the above example, first, the current point is defined as the origin of coordinate system 0.

Then, 100m is moved along both X and Y axes at high speed. And this point is defined as


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the origin of coordinate system 1.

5.17 60, G61 (Upper and lower heteromorphism)

G60 closes the function of machining work-pieces with upper and lower heteromorphism, while

G61 opens it. When this function is on, the following coeds shouldn't be used: G74, G75, G50,

G51, G52, etc.

The separation symbol between codes for upper shape and codes for lower shape is ":", while

codes for upper shape is on the right.

Program samples for work-pieces with upper and lower heteromorphism.

Example 1:

G92 XYUV;

H002=.323;

C034;

M98 P1111;

M02;

;

N1111 G61 G41 H002;

G01 X0 Y10. : G01 X0 Y10.0;

G02 X-10. Y20. I0 J10. : G01 X-10. Y20. R5.;

X0 Y30. I10. J0 : X0 Y30. R5;

X10. Y20. J-10. I0 : X10. Y20. R5.;

X0 Y10. I-10. J0 : X0 Y10.;

G40;

G01 Y0 : G01 Y0;

G60;

M99;

Example 2:

G92 X0 Y-300. U0 V0;

H000=300;

M98 P0010;

M02;

;

N0010 G61 G42 H000;

G01 X0 Y-250. : G01 X0 Y-250.;

G01 X0 Y-200. : G01 X0 Y-150.0;


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G03 X76.537 Y-184.776 I0 J200. : G01 X76.537 Y-184.776;

X141.421 Y141.421 I-76.537 J184.776 : X106.066 Y-106.066;

X184.776 Y-76.537 I-141.421 J141.421 : X184.776 Y-76.537;

X200. Y0 I-184.776 J76.537 : X150.Y0;

X184.776 Y76.537 I-200. J0 : X184.776 Y76.537;

X141.421 Y141.421 I-184.776 J-76.537 : X106.066 Y106.066;

X76.537 Y184.776 I-141.421 J-141.421 : X76.537 Y184.776;

X0 Y200. I-76.537 J-184.776 : X0 Y150.;

X-76.537 Y184.776 I0 J-200. : X-76.537 Y184.776;

X-141.421 Y-141.421 I76.537 J-184.776 : X-106.066 Y106.066;

X-184.776 Y76.537 I141.421 J-141.421 : X-184.776 Y76.537;

X-200. Y0 I184.776 J-76.537 : X-150.Y0;

X-184.776 Y-76.537 I200. J0 : X-184.776 Y-76.537;X-141.421 Y-141.421 I184.776 J+76.537 : X-106.066 Y-106.066;

X0 Y-200. I76.537 J184.766 : X0 Y-150.;

G40;

G01 X0 Y-300. : G01 X0 Y-300.;

G60;

M99;

5.18 G74, G75 (Four axes moved simultaneously)

According to the data of X, Y, U and V input, work-pieces with upper and lower heteromorphism

can be machined. G74 turns on the function of 4 axes moved simultaneously, while G75 turns it

off.

Note: This function can only support linear interpolation code (G01). The codes that this function

can't support are: G02, G03, G50, G51, G52, G60, G61.

Example:

H000=10

G92 X0 Y-10.;

G41 H000;

G74;

G01 Y0;

X10.;

Y10. U-3. V-4.;

X5. U0 V0;

X0 U3. V-4.;

Y0 U0 V0;


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G75;

G40 Y-10.;

M02;

5.19 G80 (Contact)

Format: G80 + an axis + direction

When this code is executed, the appointed axis moves along the defined direction until it

contacts with the work-piece.

Example: G80 X-;

The electrode moves along negativedirection of X axis until it contacts with

work-piece, then it stops. When the

electrode contacts with work-piece, the

contact action is repeated for the appointed

times. It moves backward for a certain

distance after each contact. Then, it moves

again until it contacts with work-piece. It

stops after the action has been repeated for

the appointed times, as shown in the

following figure:

When the electrode approaches work-pieces at a certain speed (contact speed), the

electrode doesn't stop where it contacts. It moves backward for a distance (ST-Backlength).

Then, it moves to contact with work-piece, and backward again. After this action has been

repeated for ST-Times, it stops where it contacts with work-piece. In this way, the contact

point is surely found. The following three parameters can be set in the machine submode of

parameter mode:

Contact speed: The max. contact speed is 255, The larger the number, the lower the speed.

ST-Backlength: the distance that the electrode retracts, expressed in m.

ST-Times: The number of times for the electrode to contact work-piece. The max. number is

127, usually set at 4.

Caution: When selecting direction, please use the symbol of "+"to indicate

positive direction, "-" for negative direction. And the symbol o f " +" can't be omitted.


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5.20 G81 (Back to machine limit)

Format: G81 + an axis + direction

When this code is executed, the machine moves to th e machine's li mit of the designed

axis along the appointed direction.

Example: G80 Y-;

The worktable moves to the negative limit of Y axis, and stops.

The process back to the limit is shown in the figure:

As shown in the above figure, when it reaches the limit, it slows down instead of stopping

immediately. After over running, it moves backward for a certain distance, when it arrives atthe limit again, it stops.

5.21 G82 (Half way movement)

When this code is executed, electrode moves to the middle positio n of the current

point and start poi nt on the designed axis.

Format: G82 + an axis

Example: N0001 G92 G54 X0 Y0;

N0002 G00 X100 Y100;

N0003 G82 X;

The movement process is as shown right:

5.22 G90, G91 (Abso lute / Incremental coordinate command)

G90: After this code is executed, all coordinate values are input in the absolute mode, ie,

coordinate values are calculated with origin of work coordinate system as the

reference point.

G91: After this code is executed, all coordinate values are input in the incremental mode, ie,

the coordinate value of current point is calculated with the previous point as the

reference point.

Example for absolute coordinates

N0001 G90 G92 X0 Y0;

N0002 G01 X20. Y15.;


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N0003 G02 X60. Y15. I20. J0;

N0004 G01 X80. Y30.;

Example for incremental coordinates

N0001 G91 G92 X0. Y0;

N0002 G01 X20. Y15.;

N0003 G02 X40. I20.;

N0004 G01 X20. Y15.;

5.23 G92 (Setting coord inate value for cur rent poi nt)

You can set your desired value as the coordinate of current point with G92 code.

Example 1): G92 X0 Y0; ...The coordinate value of current point is (0, 0)

Example 2): G92 X10 Y0; ...The coordinate value of current point is (10, 0)

Notes:

[1] The function of radius offset is cancelled temporarily when G92 code is

programmed is offset mode. When the next block is executed, the offset will be

set up again.

[2] Each program should have G92 at least once. Otherwise, an unimaginable error

may occu r.

6 X, Y, U, V (I, J) axes

Coordinate axis is an element that can move the worktable or spindle. It's a word in programming,

which consists of an address of the axis to move and a following data. The data indicates the

amount of movement. And it can be determined either in absolute mode or in incremental mode.

With respect to the wire, the axes and their directions can be

determined in the following way:

Facing the worktable, the left-right direction is X axis with the left

negative and the right positive; the forward-backward is Y axis

with forward positive and backward negative. The axis of upper

wire guide wheel parallel to X axis is U axis, while the other axis

(parallel to Y axis) is V axis. Their directions are determined inthe same way as X and Y axes.


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I and J are parameters used in circular interpolation command.

I and J, corresponding to X and Y, are coordinate of the arc centre relative to the starting

point of the arc. Values following them shall be incremental ones.

The value to be input will be different if the unit is different, as shown in the following sheet:

Unit Max. Command Min. Command

Metric 0.001 mm 99999.999 mm 0.001 mm

British 0.0001 inch 9999.9999 inch 0.0001 inch

7 Taper cutt ing

7.1 Input parameters for taper cutt ing

Several data shall be input in advance to execute taper cutting. Otherwise, taper can't be cut

correctly even if it has been set in the program. In this system, the following three data shall be

input to set a taper cutting; distance between the upper wire guide wheel and top of worktable,

distance between the lower wire guide wheel and top of work-piece, height of work-piece. Please

input these three parameters in machine submode of parameter mode.

The size on the main program surface consists with the size programmed. Another surface which

has requirement on dimenision is called secondary program surface.

Sample:

G92 X-5000 Y0;

G52 A2.5 G01 G90 X0; wire clines to right for 2.5

G01 Y4700;

G02 X300 Y5000 I300;G01 X9700;

.

.

.

G01 Y0;

G50 G01 X-5000; to cancel taper

M02;

Main program

surface

secondary

program

surface


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7.2 Starting of taper cutting

The taper cutting starts in the way as shown in the following figure. Like OFFSET, it can't be

started with circular commands (G02, G03).

The end of taper cutting is shown in the following figures.


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Common taper cuttings are shown in the following figures:

7.3 Connection in taper cutti ng

In taper cutting process, when intersection points of conical path and work-pieces upper or lower

surface can't be calculated, a striking angle R will be inserted automatically. And circular cutting

will be executed, as shown in the following figures:

[1] Linear-circular


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[2] Circular-linear

[3 ] Circular-circular


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7.4 Conical angle and str iking R

When a striking angle R is inserted in taper cutting, oblique cylinder shapes will be formed if

the same arc is inserted on both the work-pieces upper and lower surfaces, as shown in the

following figures: Examples for taper cutting with same R on upper and lower surfaces:


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Its also poss ible to insert arcs of di fferent size on upper and low er surfaces, i.e.,

operators can appoint dif ferent striking R on work -pieces upper and lower surfaces.

The programming method is:

The first R (R1) defines a striking

angle on the main program surface,

and the second R (R2) defines a

striking angle on the auxiliary surface.


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Example: G01 X-Y-R1-R2-;

G02 X-Y-I-J-R1-R2-;

G03 X-Y-I-J-R1-R2-;

With this command and the movement

command in the next block, the striking

angle R whose radius has been appointed

will be inserted. In this case, it must be in

offset mode (G41, G42) or taper cutting

mode (G51,G52).

When both of offset and taper cutting

modes are cancelled (G42, G50), the

striking angle R wont be inserted.

7.5 Constant taper and variable taper

To start and end the constant or variable taper, a line must be used.

Example:

G52A0G01X10.;

A2.0G01.; form here, add taper 2.0 degrees at once.

G52A2.0G01X10.; from this line, gradually add taper angle 2.0 degrees in oblique line

manner.

G50A0G01; from here, cancel the taper angle 2.0 degrees atonce.

G50G01; from here, gradually cancel the taper angle 2.0 degrees in oblique

line manner.

A1.; change the current taper angle. Note that if, in simulative

excuecution, the error message arc----arc or line----arc displays,

the taper angle change can not be realized here.

If the error message Overcut or arc radius too large appears, the upper surface of the machined

work-piece (lower surface in the program) will distort where error message appears. If you ignore

the distortion you can start machining by reducing the thickness of the work-piece.

In taper machining, the displayed images are the actual path of the upper and lower surface path.

If one wants to see the upper and lower path of the work-piece before machining, in the manual

F6 parameters, he can set the distance between table surface and upper guide wheel to the scale

reading of the quill. And the distance between table surface and lower guide wheel is factory-set.

The work-piece height is the actual value of the work-piece thickness value.


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8 M code

8.1 M00 (Pause command)

After M00 code is executed, the program stops running. It has the same function as single

block pause. After Enter key is pressed, the program continues to run.

For example:

C000;

M00;

G01 X10.;

8.2 M02 (Prog ram end)

M02 code is program end command. Codes after M02 won't be executed. After M02 code is

executed, the status of all modular codes are reset. Then, the system is ready for users to

input new commands.

Followings are the codes to be reset and the status of these codes after reset:

It means that, if the above-mentioned codes appear in the previous program, these codes

won't have effect on the next program to be executed unless you use them again.

For example, if the program being executed has G05 code, and no G09 code exists before

M02 code, the function of X mirror image won't take effect when executing the next program.

M02 can reset G05 to G09 unless you use G05 code again in the next program.

8.3 M05 (Contact neglect)

A M05 code neglects contact once. When the electrode contact switch work-piece and stops,

please use this code if you want to move the electrode away.


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Note: A M05 code takes effect only in one block where it's contained.

Example 1:

G80 X-;.........to move along negative direction of X axis until the electrode

contacts with work-piece.G90 G92 X0 Y0;...........Set the current point as (0,0).

M05 G00 X10.;.........Neglect contact and move the electrode along positive

direction of X axis for 10 mm.

Example 2:

G80 X-;.......Move along negative direction of X axis until the electrode

contacts with work-piece.

G90 G92 X0 Y0;........Set the current point as (0,0)

G00 X1. M05;.........Neglect contact and move the electrode to the position where

X is 1.0.

G00 X10. Y5.;......Contact is valid.

8.4 M98 (Subprogram call)

Users can use M98 code to define the No. of subprogram to be called.

Format: M98 P**** L*** ;

For the details of this code, please refer to the section of "subprogram".

8.5 M99 (Subprogram end)

M99 is the last block of a subprogram. After this code is executed, the system returns back

to the main program, and executes the next block.

9 Subprogram

Some program blocks may appear several times in one program. If these blocks can be

stored in one fixed program, and we use this fixed program instead of the program blocks,

programs will be simplified and shortened.

Such a fixed program is called a subprogram. Programs containing subprograms are calledmain program. As sequence No. (N****) is available, it's possible for us to call subprograms.


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To define a subprogram, we design a sequence No. at the top of the program blocks. When

we want to call it in the main program, all we have to do is to use this sequence No. When a

subprogram is called, it'll be treated as a single block. One subprogram call code can only

call one subprogram. Of course, a subprogram can call other subprograms. The max.

sequence No. is 9999. M99 code is the end symbol of a subprogram. After executing M99

code, it returns back to main program to execute the next block.

Following is the subprogram's format:

The format to call a subprogram in main program is as

follows:

M98 P**** L***

Note: P****: sequence No. of the subprogram to be called.

L***: the number of times to call the subprogram, if L*** is omitted, this subprogram is

called only once; when "LO" is input, this subprogram won't be called. The number

following the address "L" can't exceed three digits, that means, the max. times to call a

subprogram once is 999, e.g.: L5.

Subprograms can be called by a subprogram. A subprogram is called by a main program,

other subprograms are called by this subprogram, this is called nesting, as shown in the

following figure:

Note: In this system, the nesting of subprogram shall be no more than 7 levels.


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10 Calculation

The operation symbols that can be used in this system are: +, -, dH*** (dH***).

Note: "d" is a 1-digit num ber.

[1] Addresses available

The following addresses can use operation symbol in formulas:

category Addresses

Coordinate value X,Y,U,V,I,J

Value assignment H

[2] Priority

Priority is the sequence to be executed.

The priority for operation symbols in this system is as follows:

dH***, first

+,- second

[3] Writing of an operation formula

One operation formula can only be written in one block.

Ex1: H000=1000;

G90 G01 X1000+2H000;

Linear interpolation along X axis will be performed until X is 3000 um.

Ex2: H000=320;

H001=180+2H000;.............H001 is equal to 820.

11 H Code (Offset)

An H code is actually a variant. Each H code stands for a certain value, which can be inputthrough keyboard or defined with a value assignment statement in a program, as shown

below.


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H000=500.001;

Following is the format for an H code: H***

It means that a 3-digit number should follow the address "H", e.g.: H010.

There are one hundred H codes (H000H099). While, the range of H value is 99999.999

mm.

An H code can be used as a variant in programs.

Example: H005=90.07;

G01 X50.1+5H005;

It moves to the position of 500.45 mm (50.1+590.07) with linear interpolation along X axis.

H codes can be used into addition, subtraction and multiple. For details, refer to the section

"Calculation".

Example: H100=H010+10-2H000;

If H010 is 100 and H000 is 20,

H100=100+10-220=70

12 R striking angle function

R striking angle function means that an arc is applied at a place where two curves meet, as

shown in the following figures.

Linear-Linear Linear-Circular Circular-Circular

The radius of the arc shall be defined in a program. This arc shall be tangent to both curves.

R striking angle function shall be defined in the following way:


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[1] To define R striking angle function, please place an address "R" and radius of the arc

after the movement code for the first curve. The address R, radius, and the movement

code for the first curve shall be in the same block.

Example: G01 X_Y_R_;

G02 X_Y_I_J_R_;

G03 X_Y_I_J_R_;

The above commands mean that an arc whose radius is R will be added between the

movement curve of this block and the movement curve of next block. R striking angle

function is executed only when offset is effective (G41, G42). When offset is cancelled, R

striking angle function will be neglected. Therefore, after G40 cancels the offset, even

though you program R striking angle function in the program, no arc will be added betweenthe two curves. It moves according to the program path. When the used H code is zero, R

striking angle function takes effect.

[2] R striking angle function won't be executed if R striking angle function is defined after

G00 code.

[3] Following is an example with offset.


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13 T code

[1] T84, T85 (Pump ON/OFF)

T84 code turns on flushing. After this code is executed dielectric spays from the upper and

lower nozzles. This code shall be placed before machining code in a program to avoid that

wire breaks due to no flushing. Following is an example:

Example:

G92 X0 Y0

T84;.to turn on flushing

T96;.to start wire feed

C007;H000=110

G41 H000;

G01 X5.0;machining command

G021;

G001 X5.;

G001 X15.;

Y10.;

X5.;

Y0;

G40 G01 X0;

T85 G01 X0;

T85 T87;..to turn off flushing and stop wire feed

M02;

T85 turns off flushing. And this code is executed, dielectric stops spraying.

[2] T86, T87 (Wire feed ON/OFF)

T86 code turns on wire feed motor. After this code is executed, wire starts to move at high

speed. This code shall be placed before machining codes in a program to avoid wire break

due to discharging at the same segment. See the above example.

T87 turns off wire motor and stop wire feed.

Documents

Eletroerosão FW User's Manual-Appendix1 ISO Codes