Communications Roadmap

David SkippElla Taylor

Roadmap for development of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

3G + 4G

Challenge & Approach

ChallengeWho pays ? ...When ? …

How much ? …Who benefits ? …

UncertaintyTechnology ?

Cost ?Use‐Case / Benefits ?

Payback ?

Approach1) Maximise existing 

network benefits 2) Invest for clear benefit3) Hypothesis & Scenarios

Government Users

SwarmUbiquitous 4G 5G/Non-Cellular

Communication

Government(Central & Local)

Users(Travelers, Operators, OEMs)

Infrastructure(MNOs, HWE, …)

Hypothesis

“Ubiquitous 4G cellular coverage is sufficient to deliver 

many of the benefits which will be realised through 

Connected Vehicles.”

Scenarios

Mobile Phones

Infrastructure

Other road users

The cloud

Sat Nav’s

Other connected vehicles

Home / Start

Highly Automated

Driving(Tactical)

Driving(Strategic)

Entertainment Transport Manager

HomeIn Vehicle

Productivity & EntertainmentTrafficInformation & Management

Strategic

Tactical

COVERAGE

Local

Broa

d

Safety critical driver assist and automation functions require immediate response, but only over a local area with low range

Journey Planning requires broad coverage, over the 

greatest range, but latency is not critical

In vehicle productivity and traffic management need a balance of latency and 

coverage to provide viable service level 

Scenarios, Geography & Technology

RANGE

High

Low

LATENCY

Highly Automated

High

Low

Driv

er 

Assist

Building a Roadmap - Now

Scenarios (use‐cases), Geography, & Technology are interlinkedYou can do lot with 4G

Recommendation : Get the most out of existing 4G technology,improving coverage, capacity and reliability

Suburban (& Towns)

City

Motorways (& Major Roads)

Rural

Networks

5G

?

5Gs

Home

Tacti

cal

Traff

ic

Networks

5G5G

Prod

uctiv

ity

Autom

ated

Stra

tegic

Capacity

Coverage

4G Challenge

Coverage

ReliabilityJourney planning & 

managementMobile working

Moderate media streamingOperations management

4G Opportunity

Building a Roadmap - Mid

Recommendation : 5G is the long term solution delivering benefits beyond transportation

Suburban (& Towns)

City

Motorways (& Major Roads)

Rural ?

Home

Tacti

cal

Traff

ic

Prod

uctiv

ity

Autom

ated

Stra

tegic

Capacity

Coverage

4G Challenge

Coverage

Reliability?

??

Next generation technology – 5G ‘vs’ ITS G5Target & time limited investment funds ‐ No interim technology steps

Capacity, Productivity, Safety  

Unclear

Next Gen Opportunity

Productivity, Safety

Productivity, Safety

Business Case

Building a Roadmap – Business Case

Recommendation : Develop an investment roadmap and steering group

It’s not just about the technology

Government(Central & Local)

Users(Travelers, operators, 

OEMs)

Infrastructure(MNOs, HWE, …)

DataMonetisation

NetworkLicensing

NetworkAccess

Affordability& Equity

Source of Investment

DataPrivacy / Security

Communications ‘Enabling Environment’ Roadmap

SITUATION

20402015 20302020 2025 2035

Mid‐journey

Start journey

Information to the driver

Experience

Efficiency

Convenience

Rural

BENEFITS

COMMS READINESS

Data transfers

SAE levels

End journey

Productivity

City

Suburban

Motorways

Safety

High reliability 4G Increased cell capacity 4G 5G/Small cell  Network of networks

High reliability 4G Peak 4G 5G/Small cell 

Improved information  Changing behaviours Improving effectiveness of automationDemand responsive transport options Smoother transport

Parking Smoother drives End to end mobility services

Driver responding to messages from other vehicles

Improving information for autonomy

Uploading information from journey Over the air safety updates at home

Static data communicated to driver

Driver and fleet manager exchanging live messages Information direct to vehicleNetwork responding dynamically to vehicle information

One way data transfers Two way data transfers ‐ long V2V/V2I

Last mile information Seamless parking Vehicles driving in swarmDriver responding to infrastructure Vehicle responding to safety messages

Level 2 Level 2 and 3 safety critical comms

Passenger entertainment decisions Driver entertainment and working Everyone a passengerImmersive HMI on the 

move

Level 2 and 3

Level 4     >     >     >     >     >     >     >     >    >   Level 5

Best route to take Mobility as a Service Network optimisation, live conversation with traffic management

Passenger hand held devices Driver using devices and vehicle interfaces Everything, everywhere

Improved road design and operation from vehicle information

Safer vehicles on the road

3G/4G Wide area coverage 4G Network of networks 

3G/4G Wide are coverage 4G 5G/Small cell 

Roadmap Summary & Recommendations

1) Get the most out of 4G technology, improving coverage, capacity and reliability

2) 5G is the long term solution delivering benefits beyond transportation

3) Develop an investment roadmap and steering group

Suburban (& Towns)

City

Motorways (& Major Roads)

Rural

4G Capacity + 5G Networks

4G Reliability + 4G Capacity + 5G

4G Coverage + 5G 5G

4G Coverage + 4G Coverage + Networks

Now FarMid

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