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7/29/2019 Ellul Jacques~~Violence
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Copyright @ 1969 by The Seabury Press, Incorporated Library of
Congress Card Catalog Number: 69-13540 Design by Paula Weiner
644-469-C-5 Printed in the United States of America
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in
any manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher,
except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and
reviews.
Contents
I . Traditional Views
Compromise, i
Nonviolence, 9
Violence, 1-7
I
Today's Christians for Violence
The Singling Out of the Poor, 30
The Basic Presuppositions, 35
The Three Possible Orientations, 43
The Character of Christian Participation in Violence 60
27
The Theological Consequences, 71
:3. Christian Realism in the Face of Violence
Violence as Necessity, 84
The Law of Violence, 93
Are There Two Kinds of Violence? 108
Rejection of Idealisms, 115
.1. The Fight of Faith
Necessity and Legitimacy, 127
Christian Radicalism, 145
The Violence of Love. 160
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INDEX
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Today's Christians for Violence 79
tory formula is manufactured; and alas, it often turns out that theology
merely amounts to a justification of the behavior of pretend-Christians.The theology of the death of God reinforces this evil tendency. It
justifies a sociological impulsion. That is the kind of theology it really
is, unconsciously. Nor do the marvelous intellectual operations its
proponents perform with every appearance of seriousness make it less
profoundly false.
Such are the theological consequences of Christians' defense of violence.
They are grave consequences.
Chapter 3
Christian Realism in the Face of Violence
IF WE want to find out what the Christian attitude toward violence
should be, we cannot proceed by deducing the consequences of Christian
principles or by enumerating biblical texts. The Bible does frequently
condemn violence, but it defends violence just as frequently-even in the
New Testament. So this is not a good method of seeking an answer to
our question. I believe that the first thing the Christian must do inrelation to problems of social ethics is to be completely realistic, to get
as clear and exact an understanding of the facts as possible. Realism is
the necessary basis for Christian thinking on society. (Of course, I am
not now referring to philosophical or metaphysical realism.) By realism I
mean two things: first, seeing the facts as they are and grasping them
thoroughly, without evasion or illusion, without recoiling in fear or
horror as it becomes evident what the result of some trend is likely to be.
Surely the Christian-and only the Christian-should be able to exercisethis clarity of vision and thought because the Revelation has to some
degree given him an understanding of the world, and also because,
terrible as the reality may be, be can accept it without despairing, for he
has hope in Jesus Christ. In his examination
81
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The FightofFaith 175
helping bate and evil to proliferate! Christians will be sufficiently and
completely present in the world if they suffer with those who suffer, if
th k t ith th ff th f l ti if th b
Index
Algerian war, 16, 76, 90, 100,
103, 104, 108, 110, 111, 112
Aquinas, Thomas, 5-6, 18, 48
A P d 89
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they seek out with those sufferers the one way of salvation, if they bearwitness before God and man to the consequences of injustice and the
proclamation of love.
Arrupe, Pedro, 89Aubarede, Gabriel d', 20n
Barth, Karl, 4, 7, 163
Ben Bella, Ahmed, 101, 154
Bernstein, Eduard, 33
Bernstein, Saul, go
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 40
Bonnie and Clyde, 1.24nBournedienne, Houari, 94
Brown, H. Rap, 104, 105, 158
159
Bultmann, Rudolf, 146-147
Calvin, John, 4-5, 8
Camara, Don Helder, 149n
Camus, Albert, 34, 114, 167Cardonnel, Father, 49-50, 60, 75
Carmichael, Joel, 47-48
Carmichael, Stokely, 104, 105,
106, 134, 158-159
Casalis, Georges, 108
Castro, Fidel, 48-49, 94, 101,
103, 115
Celsus, 11-12Che Guevara, Ernesto, 58, 104,
116, 134
Cleage, Albert R., Jr., 48n, 101
Clement of Alexandria, 11
Cornelis, Marcel, 92
Cromwell, Oliver, 21
Cullmann, Oscar, 47, 162
Death-of-God theology, 6o, 73
79, 145n, 146-147
Debray, Regis, 63
De justa abdicatione Henrici III,
21
D l i F 17 18
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 69,
105, 143-144, 153, 155, 162
Lactantius, 10
Lasserre, Jean, 17n, 102-103
Lenin, Nikolai, 134
L ll 21 22
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Dolcino, Fra, 17-18Domenach, Jean-Marie, 108, i 111
Duverger, Maurice, io8-iog
Dutschke, R., 131n
Fanon, Frantz, 63, 114
Flores, Ennio, 75
Francis of Assisi, 12
Gandhi, Mahatma, 14-15, 91,
173
Gaulle, Charles de, 160
Gratian, 5-6
Haselden, Kyle, 61-63
Herv6, Julia, .144n, 162
Hippies, :119-122
Hitler, Adolf, 7, .28-29, 85, 96,
101, 103, 104, 106-107, 117,
129n
Hobbes, Thomas, 87-88
Ho Chi Minh, 112
Industrial Revolution, 36
Jaouen, Father, 124nJarlot, Father, 106, 109
Joachim of Floris, 18
John of Leyden, iq, 19-20
Johnson, Lyndon B., 105, :160
Kagawa, Toyohiko, 168
Kautsky, Karl, 33
Levellers, 21-22Lilburne, John, 21-22
Luther, Martin, 8-9, 25
MacGrath, M. G., 69n
Machiavelli, Niccolo, 41
Maillard, Father, 56-60, 68, 74,
92-93, 129, 140-141, 148, 149
Malcolm X, 143, 144, 162Malraux, Andr6, 94, 116
Mao Tse-tung, 85, 94-95, 101
103
Martin of Tours, 11
Marx, Karl, 117, iLi8, 172n
Maximilian, 10
Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 54
Melville, Thomas Q., 63-65
Montherlant, Henry de, 114
Munzer, Thomas, 19, 65
Mussolini, Benito, 7
Nasser, Gamal, 94, 101, 103, 115
Niebuhr, Reinhold, 70
Nizan, Paul, 34
Nuremberg trials, 85-86
Peguy, Charles, 147
Peuchmaurd, Father, 48-49
Pfeiffer, Heinrich, 19
Pius XII, 141
Populorum progressio (encyclical), 31-39, 48-49, 106n, 141n
Regamey, P., 14n, 33n, 109-110,
172n
Rich, Arthur, 50n, 52
Ricoeur, Paul, 88
Rimbaud, Arthur, 164, 166
Robespierre, M. de, 104, 117
Robinson, John A. T., 145n, 156,
167 168
Wright, Richard, 144n
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167-168Rostov, W. W., 109
Ruiz, Gonzales, 61
Saint-juste, Louis de, 117
Schillebeeckx, Edward, IL23
Shaull, Richard, 50, 52-57
Smolik, Josef, 51
Snyder, T. Richard, 118
Sorel, Georges, 60, 87, 91, 115
116, 132
Stalin, Joseph, 85, 124, 172n
Suarez, Francisco de, 4
Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre,
123n
Tertullian, 10, 11
Thielicke, Helmut, 131n
Tillich, Paul, 146-147
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 89
Torres, Camilo, 63, 66, 135
Vietnam, 16, 76, 90n, 98, 103,
104, 106, .124n, 331n, 145,
154Villa, Pancho, 61
Vindiciae contra Tyrannos, 20-21
Weil, E., 88
Wendlend, H. D., 50n, 55
World Council of Churches, 70,
123, 141